Dism++ don gyara Windows ba tare da tsarawa ba: cikakken jagora

Lokacin da Windows ya fara aiki mara kyau, mai zuwa yana bayyana blue screen, rare blockages ko kurakurai yayin sabuntawaMutane da yawa suna tunanin tsarawa nan da nan. Duk da haka, kafin yin amfani da wannan matsananciyar, akwai ginanniyar kayan aikin tsarin, irin su DISM da CFSwanda zai iya barin shigarwar Windows ɗinku kamar sabo ba tare da share fayilolinku ba.

A cikin wannan labarin za ku sami cikakken jagora, cikin Mutanen Espanya kuma tare da sautin da ke da kusanci kamar yadda zai yiwu, don fahimta. Menene DISM, da kuma yadda ake amfani da shi don gyara Windows ba tare da sake sakawa ba?, yadda za a hada shi tare da SFC, abin da za a yi lokacin da DISM ya ba da kurakurai (kamar shahararren 0x800f0954 ko kuskure 50) kuma, a ƙarshe, yadda za a maye gurbin fayil ɗin tsarin da hannu idan babu wata hanyar fita.

Menene DISM kuma me yasa yake da amfani don gyara Windows ba tare da tsarawa ba?

DISM (DAyyukan Hoto da Gudanarwa) shine mai amfani da layin umarni wanda aka haɗa a cikin Windows wanda ke sarrafawa bita da gyara hoton tsarin aikiWannan “hoton” shine babban kwafin da Windows ke amfani da shi don shigar da abubuwa, fasali, da sabunta kanta.

Ba kamar sauran kayan aikin ba, DISM iya aiki da duka biyu Shigar da Windows da kuka kunna (yanayin kan layi) kamar yadda yake hotuna na layi a cikin .wim, .vhd ko .vhdx, suna da amfani sosai lokacin da kake son gyara tsarin da ba zai yi booting ko shirya na'ura na musamman don kwamfutoci da yawa ba.

Masu gudanarwa da ci-gaba masu amfani sun dogara ga DISM zuwa Gyara ɓatattun fayilolin tsarin, ƙara ko cire fakiti, direbobi, ko harsunada kuma daidaita hotunan Windows PE, Windows RE ko tsaftataccen kayan aiki kafin tura su akan kwamfutoci da yawa.

Babban dalla-dalla shine DISM na iya amfani da shi azaman tunani tsaftataccen tsarin madadin da aka adana akan sabar Sabunta Microsoft ko a cikin hoto na gida, yana ba ku damar gyara abubuwan da sauran kayan aikin ba za su iya kaiwa ba, gami da kantin kayan masarufi (.wim).

Masu gudanarwa da ci-gaba masu amfani sun dogara ga DISM zuwa Gyara ɓatattun fayilolin tsarin, ƙara ko cire fakiti, direbobi, ko harsunada kuma daidaita hotunan Windows PE, Windows RE ko tsaftataccen kayan aiki kafin tura su akan kwamfutoci da yawa.

Babban dalla-dalla shine DISM na iya amfani da shi azaman tunani tsaftataccen tsarin madadin da aka adana akan sabar Sabunta Microsoft ko a cikin hoto na gida, yana ba ku damar gyara abubuwan da sauran kayan aikin ba za su iya kaiwa ba, gami da kantin kayan masarufi (.wim).

Yayin da SFC ke gyara gurɓatattun fayiloli ta hanyar kwatanta su zuwa a ma'ajiyar gida mai kariyaIdan wannan cache ɗin ya lalace, SFC an bar shi ba shi da taimako. Anan DISM ke shigowa. Na farko, gyara ɗakunan ajiya na sassa. Kuma daga can, ya riga ya sami tushe mai lafiya don SFC zai iya gama gyara tsarin.

Yadda DISM ke aiki don tantancewa da gyara Windows akan layi

Ana gudanar da DISM daga na'ura wasan bidiyo, ko dai Umarnin umarni (cmd) o PowerShellkoyaushe tare da gata mai gudanarwa. Don dubawa da gyara shigarwar Windows da ake amfani da su, manyan sigogi uku an haɗa su tare da zaɓi /A kan layi y /Cleanup-Hoto:

Mabuɗin maɓalli guda uku sune:

• /CheckHealth: saurin bincika kowane lalacewa da aka riga aka yi rikodin.
• /ScanHealth: m bincike na bangaren sito.
• /Dawo da Lafiya: yana gyara hoton ta amfani da fayilolin tushen lafiya.

Bugu da kari, an kara /Cleanup-Hoto don gaya wa DISM suyi aiki akan hoton Windows, kuma /A kan layi don gaya masa ya yi a kan tsarin da ke gudana a halin yanzu.

DISM /CheckHealth: Binciken halin hoto mai sauri

Sigar /CheckHealth Yana gudanar da bincike mai haske na kantin kayan aikin Windows don ganin ko Akwai lalacewa da aka yi rikodin a bayaBa ya gyara komai, sanarwa ne kawai, kuma yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kaɗan.

Don gudanar da shi, buɗe menu na Fara, rubuta cmd, danna dama Alamar tsarinzaɓi Gudana a matsayin mai gudanarwaKarɓi Ikon Asusun Mai amfani kuma rubuta mai zuwa a cikin taga:

Gudun CheckHealth:
Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth

Bayan ƴan daƙiƙa, DISM zai gaya maka ko ta gano wasu alamun ɓarna a cikin rumbun kayan aikin. Idan ya nuna lalacewa, mataki na gaba shine bincike mai zurfi tare da /ScanHealth.

DISM/ScanHealth: Bincike mai zurfi na kantin kayan

Sigar /ScanHealth yi a bincike mai zurfi na duk sassan tsarin wadanda ake sarrafa su ta hanyar kantin kayan aiki. Yana kwatanta fayilolin tare da ƙimar hash ɗin da ake tsammanin su, wanda ke sa ya ɗauki tsawon lokaci fiye da CheckHealth.

Umarni don ScanHealth:
Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth

Dangane da girman lalacewar tsarin da saurin kayan aiki, wannan bincike na iya ɗaukar mintuna da yawa. Yayin aiwatar da aikin, ana yin rikodin sakamakon a cikin fayilolin log daban-daban, gami da: DISM.log, Zama.xml y CBS. logwanda su ne ma'anar idan kuna so bincika ƙarin takamaiman gazawar ko fahimtar dalilin da yasa gyaran baya yin kyau.

DISM/Mayar da Lafiya: Gyara ta atomatik na gurbatattun fayiloli

Sigar /Dawo da Lafiya shine wanda yayi kokari da gaske gyara lalacewar da aka gano a cikin hoton Windows. Yana sake nazarin hoton kuma, lokacin da ya gano fayilolin da suka lalace ko suka ɓace, ya maye gurbin su da kwafi masu lafiya waɗanda aka samo daga amintaccen tushe.

Mayar da umarnin Lafiya:
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

Ta hanyar tsoho, DISM zai yi amfani da shi Sabunta Windows Don zazzage abubuwan da ake buƙata, sai dai idan an umurce su. Dangane da girman da girman cin hanci da rashawa, wannan tsari na iya ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa kuma yana cinye bandwidth idan fayiloli da yawa suna buƙatar saukewa.

Da zarar an gama, idan komai ya yi kyau za ku ga sako yana nuna hakan An kammala aikin cikin nasara kuma an gyara barnar da aka yi. Daga can, yana da matukar kyau a aiwatar da a SFC /scannow ta yadda tsarin zai iya gama daidaita dukkan fayilolin daya bayan daya.

Amfani da DISM don gyara hotunan Windows a layi

DISM ba kawai don tsarin da kuke gudana ba; yana iya aiki tare da a Shigar da Windows wanda ba ya aikiMisali, hoton da aka ɗora a babban fayil, faifan VHD, ko kebul na USB tare da shigar da Windows.

Wannan yana da amfani musamman lokacin da kwamfutar ba za ta fara ba ko lokacin da kuke buƙata shirya hoton tunani wanda za ku rufe a kan kwamfutoci da yawa, ƙara ko cire sabuntawa, direbobi ko fakitin harshe.

Don gyaran layi na layi kuna buƙatar ingantaccen wutar lantarki: install.wim ko install.esd fayiloli daga Windows ISO ko wata na'ura, ko hoton da aka riga aka shirya wanda yayi daidai version, edition da harshe tare da shigarwa da kake son gyarawa.

Misali (offline):
Dism /Image:C:\offline /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:C:\test\mount\windows /LimitAccess

Zaɓin /Hoto: yana nuna hanyar shigarwa ta layi. Siga /Madogararsa: alamar tushen fayiloli masu tsabta (yawanci a cikin shigar da aka ɗora).wim da / LimitAccess ya gaya wa DISM cewa Kada kayi amfani da Sabuntawar Windows ko WSUSamma tushen gida kawai.

Gudun DISM daga PowerShell: daidai cmdlets

Idan kun fi son PowerShell, kuna da cmdlets akwai waccan Suna yin kwafi ɗaya bayan ɗaya Ayyukan Dism.exe. Ayyukan iri ɗaya ne: dole ne ka buɗe PowerShell tare da gatan gudanarwa.

A cikin akwatin nema rubuta PowerShell, danna dama Windows PowerShell kuma danna kan Gudana a matsayin mai gudanarwaDa zarar kun shiga, zaku iya amfani da umarni masu zuwa don aiki akan hoton kan layi:

• Duba Lafiya: Repair-WindowsImage -Online -CheckHealth
• ScanHealth: Repair-WindowsImage -Online -ScanHealth
• Maido da Lafiya: Repair-WindowsImage -Online -RestoreHealth

Idan kana son ganin ainihin ma'anar, ƙarin sigogi, da misalai, a cikin PowerShell zaka iya amfani da ginanniyar taimako tare da umarni kamar Samo-Taimako Gyara-Hoton Windows -Misalan, wanda zai nuna maka ƙarin haɓakar haɓakawa, misali don aiki tare da hotunan layi.

SFC vs DISM: bambance-bambance da lokacin amfani da kowane kayan aiki

A cikin Windows kuna da kayan aikin layin umarni guda biyu waɗanda aka tsara don su gano wuri da gyara ɓatattun fayilolin tsarin: SFC (Mai Duba Fayilolin Tsarin) y DISMKo da yake makasudin yana kama da juna, tsarin ya bambanta, kuma yana da mahimmanci a san lokacin amfani da kowannensu.

CFS Yana bincika fayilolin tsarin masu mahimmanci kuma yana kwatanta su zuwa a kwafi mai kariya (Kariyar Fayil na Windows). Idan ta gano cewa fayil ɗin tsarin bai dace ba, yana nuna shi a matsayin ɓarna kuma ya maye gurbinsa da ingantaccen sigar da aka adana a cikin ma'ajin.

DISMMaimakon haka, yana mai da hankali kan Cikakken hoton Windows (kantin sayar da kayan aiki)Yana nazarin amincinsa ta hanyar kwatanta shi da hoto mai tsabta, wanda zai iya zama na gida ko a kan sabar Microsoft, kuma idan ya gano matsalolin yana ƙoƙarin mayar da fayilolin da suka lalace daga wannan hoton.

Don haka, shawarar da ta dace ita ce a bi wannan dabarun ruwa:

• Na farko, gudu SFC /scannow don ƙoƙarin gyara fayilolin tsarin ta amfani da cache na gida.
• Idan SFC ba zai iya gyara komai ba, duba saƙon: idan ya nuna cewa ba zai iya gyara wasu fayiloli ba, yana nufin cewa cache ko shagon sun lalace.
• A wannan yanayin, ƙaddamar DISM / Kan layi /Tsabtace-Hoto /Mayar da Lafiya don mayar da bangaren sito.
• Da zarar DISM ya gama, sake kunna shi. SFC /scannow domin ya gama goge fayilolin daya bayan daya.

Yadda ake gudanar da umarnin DISM a cikin Windows mataki-mataki

Lokacin da cache na Windows da ke amfani da SFC ya lalace, to Ziyarar DISM wajibi ne.Wannan kayan aikin yana tantancewa da gyara hoton Windows ɗin gabaɗaya, ta amfani da kwafin gida mai tsabta ko kan layi don maye gurbin gurɓatattun ɓangarori.

Takaitaccen bayani:

1. Bude Fara menu kuma buga cmd.
2. Dama danna kan Alamar tsarin kuma zaɓi Gudana a matsayin mai gudanarwa.
3. A cikin taga, gudu misali:
   dism /online /cleanup-image /restorehealth

Idan kawai kana so duba idan akwai wani lalacewa da aka lura, za ka iya amfani / duba lafiyakuma ga cikakken bincike amma ba tare da gyara ba. /zaman lafiyaMafi mahimmancin siga don gyarawa na gaske shine /dawo da lafiya.

A cikin nau'ikan Windows na zamani (8, 8.1, 10, 11) wannan haɗin yana aiki ba tare da matsala ba muddin kuna da haɗin intanet ko ingantaccen tushen shigarwaA cikin Windows 7, DISM ba ta da waɗannan ayyuka; a maimakon haka, ana amfani da waɗannan abubuwan: Kayan aikin Sabunta Tsari (SURT)wanda zaka iya saukewa daga kundin tsarin Microsoft don gwada irin wannan tasiri.

Kuskuren DISM gama gari da yadda ake gyara su

DISM yawanci yana aiki ta atomatik, amma wani lokacin kurakurai suna faruwa kurakurai masu katse tsarinWasu daga cikin na yau da kullun suna da ingantacciyar mafita.

Kuskure 0x800f0954: DISM ya kasa, ba a yi wani aiki ba

Wannan kuskure yawanci yana faruwa lokacin da wani abu yana tsoma baki tare da samun damar DISM zuwa fayilolin tushen ko zuwa sabis na Sabunta Windows. Dalilai na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

• riga-kafi na ɓangare na uku wanda ke toshe tsarin tsarin ko fayiloli.
• Ba a daidaita ayyukan sabunta Windows ba ko kuma an dakatar da su.
• Amfani da uwar garken wakili wanda ke yanke sadarwa tare da Sabuntawar Windows.
• Taskar Tarihi shigar.wim amfani dashi azaman tushe tare da izinin "karanta-kawai".

Maganganun gama gari:

• Kashe manhajar riga-kafi ta ɗan lokaci daga ɓangare na uku ko ma cire shi yayin da DISM ke gudana. Windows Defender ya isa ya kare tsarin a halin yanzu.
• Bita da sake farawa ayyuka BITS (Sabis na canja wurin bayanan fasaha), CryptoSvc (Sabis na Sabis na Sabis) da Sabunta Windows, tabbatar da cewa nau'in farawa yana atomatik.
• Kashe kowane wakili saita cikin tsarin ta yadda DISM zata iya isa ga sabar Microsoft ba tare da hani ba.
• Idan kuna amfani da fayil install.wim a matsayin tushen gidaCire sifa mai karantawa kawai daga kaddarorin fayil kafin gudanar da DISM.

Kuskuren DISM 50: Matsaloli tare da maɓallin rajista

Wani sanannen aibi shine kuskure 50wanda yawanci yana bayyana lokacin ƙaddamar da umarni kamar:

• Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /CheckHealth
• Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /ScanHealth
• Dism /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

Mafi yawan sanadi shine kasancewar a Maɓallin rajista na MiniNT ba a sanya shi ba, wanda ya sa DISM yayi imani yana gudana a cikin iyakataccen yanayi (kamar WinPE) kuma yana toshe wasu ayyuka.

Magani (gyara rikodin):

1. Bude Umurnin Umurni a matsayin mai gudanarwa kuma kunna regedit don buɗe Editan Rijista.
2. Kewaya zuwa hanya HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control.
3. Nemo babban fayil (key) MiniNT kuma share shi.
4. Rufe editan kuma sake kunna kwamfutar don amfani da canje-canjen.

Bayan sake yiDokokin DISM na sama yakamata suyi aiki ba tare da nuna kuskuren 50 ba, muddin babu wasu matsaloli masu tushe.

Abin da za a yi idan DISM ya ba da kuskure 87 ko bai gane / tsaftace-hoton ba?

El kuskure 87 Yawancin lokaci yana nuna cewa ɗayan sigogin da aka wuce zuwa umarnin shine ba daidai ba ko mara kyau rubutaAbu ne da aka saba ganin wannan saƙon lokacin da aka yi kuskuren rubuta “tsalle-hoton”, an gauraya sarƙaƙƙiya da sarƙaƙƙiya, ko kuma lokacin da ma’anar ya haɗa da wuraren da bai kamata su kasance ba.

Misalin umarni:

Misalai:
DISM /image:C:\ /cleanup-image /restorehealth
DISM /Image:C:\ /ScratchDir:C:\Scratch /Cleanup-Image /Restorehealth /source:wim:F:\sources\install.wim:4 /limitaccess

Za su iya ba da kuskure idan hanyar /Hoto: Ba ya nuna ingantacciyar shigarwar Windows idan babu littafin adireshi. /ScratchDir, idan colon da slashes an yi kuskuren rubutawa, ko kuma idan DISM kanta ta lalace akan wannan shigarwa.

A irin waɗannan lokuta, yana da kyau a yi nazari a hankali a hankali, tabbatar da cewa tuƙi da hanyoyin da aka nuna sun wanzu, da kuma cewa install.wim image Ya dace da fitowar da aka shigar, kuma idan kuna zargin cewa DISM kanta ta lalace, gwada Gudun DISM daga kafofin watsa labarai na shigarwa ko yanayin farfadowa yana nuna wani tushe mai tsabta.

Sauya fayil ɗin tsarin lalacewa da hannu (kawai a matsayin makoma ta ƙarshe)

Kodayake ka'ida ita ce barin SFC da DISM suyi aikinsu, akwai matsanancin yanayi inda ya zama dole. da hannu maye gurbacewar fayil ɗin tsarinHanya ce mai laushi, don haka yakamata a yi amfani da shi kawai idan babu madadin kuma kun san ainihin fayil ɗin da kuke son canzawa.

Tsarin gaba ɗaya ya ƙunshi matakai uku: Ɗauki mallakin fayil ɗin da ya lalace, ba da izinin rubutawa, da kwafi sigar lafiya. daga wani bangare na tsarin ko daga tushe mai tsabta.

Mataki 1: Ɗauki ikon mallakar fayil ɗin tsarin

Domin mai gudanarwa ya canza fayil mai kariya, dole ne su fara ɗauka mallakin fayil ɗinA cikin Maɗaukakin Umarni Mai Girma, ana amfani da umarni mai zuwa:

umurnin takeow:
takeown /f <Ruta_Completa_y_Nombre_de_Archivo>

Misali, idan ɓataccen fayil ɗin jscript.dll ne a cikin system32, umarnin zai zama:

takeown /f C:\Windows\System32\jscript.dll

Mataki 2: Bada cikakken izini ga masu gudanarwa

Da zarar kun mallaki fayil ɗin, dole ne ku ba da cikakken damar shiga rukunin masu gudanarwa don samun damar sake rubuta shi. Ana yin wannan tare da:

iacls umurnin:
icacls <Ruta_Completa_y_Nombre_de_Archivo> /grant administradores:F

Ko, a cikin tsarin Ingilishi, ta amfani da “masu gudanarwa” a matsayin ƙungiyar:

icacls C:\Windows\System32\jscript.dll /grant administrators:F

Mataki na 3: Kwafi lafiyayyan fayil akan gurbatattun fayil

A ƙarshe, kun kwafi ɗaya daidai sigar fayil ɗin daga tushen da kuka sani yana da tsabta (wani shigarwa iri ɗaya na Windows dangane da sigar da bugu, hoton da aka ɗora, da sauransu). Tsarin gaba ɗaya shine:

kwafin umarni:
copy <Archivo_Origen> <Archivo_Destino>

Ci gaba da misalin da ya gabata:

copy E:\Temp\jscript.dll C:\Windows\System32\jscript.dll

Yana da matukar mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa fayil ɗin tushen ya dace zuwa iri ɗaya kuma gina Windows da kuke gyarawa. In ba haka ba, za ku iya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani.

Idan bayan duk wannan tsarin har yanzu bai yi aiki yadda ya kamata ba, cin hanci da rashawa na iya yin zurfi sosai kuma yana iya zama lokacin sake tantancewa. Mayar da tsarin zuwa wurin da ya gabata ko sake shigar da Windowsko da yaushe tabbatar da samun na zamani madadin.

Yi kayan aiki kamar CFS da DISM Yana ba ku damar magance matsaloli masu yawa na Windows 10 da 11 ba tare da yin amfani da tsarin da aka firgita ba, kuma ta hanyar sanin sigoginsa, kurakurai na yau da kullun da haɗuwa mafi fa'ida za ku iya samun mafi kyawun su don kiyaye tsarin ku tsayayye, gyara shi lokacin da ya nuna alamun gajiya kuma ku bar tsarawa azaman makoma ta ƙarshe, ba zaɓi na farko ba.