Yadda ake sanin adadin VRAM na katin zane na kwamfutarka

Ta yaya zan san adadin VRAM na katin zane na kwamfuta ta? Idan kana da PC, ko da wanda aka ƙera don wasa ko ƙirƙirar abun ciki, sau da yawa ba ka tuna adadin memorin bidiyo da katin zanenka ke da shi ko kuma irin katin zane na PC ɗinka. VRAM (ƙwaƙwalwar hoto) maɓalli ne ga aiki Kuma yana da kyau a fayyace wannan bayanin don gujewa abubuwan mamaki tare da buƙatun wasanni ko software. Labari mai dadi shine zaku iya duba shi cikin dakiku ba tare da tarwatsa komai ba.

Bayan son sani, Sanin adadin VRAM da kuke da shi yana taimaka muku daidaita tsammanin tare da sigogi masu zane-zane, yana taimaka muku gano ƙwanƙwasa, da yanke shawara mafi kyau game da siyayyar ku na gaba. A ƙasa zaku sami hanyoyin asali don Windows, macOS, da Linux, da abubuwan amfani na musamman da ƙarin shawarwari don tabbatar da ƙayyadaddun bayanai daga akwatin ko katin kanta.

Menene VRAM kuma me yasa yake da mahimmanci haka?

VRAM shine keɓaɓɓen ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da GPU ke amfani dashi don adana laushi, buffers, da bayanan da ake buƙata don zana kowane firam. Da yawan VRAM da ake samu, da ƙarin ɗaki don ƙirar ƙira mai ƙima, tacewa, hadaddun al'amuran da ayyukan gyaran bidiyo ba tare da tsangwama ko yanke ba.

A cikin wasan kwaikwayo, lakabi da yawa suna nuna sandar amfani da VRAM a cikin menu na zane. Wannan mashaya tana gaya muku adadin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar saitunan ku za su cinye., don haka za ku iya guje wa saturating katin idan kun kusanci iyaka. Wani abu makamancin haka yana faruwa a cikin gyaran bidiyo da yin 3D: manyan ƙuduri da codecs na zamani Suna iya cinye ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya cikin sauƙi.

Idan VRAM yayi ƙasa, tsarin zai fara musanya bayanai tare da ƙwaƙwalwar tsarin ko faifai, wanda ke azabtar da ruwa. Ana iya lura da wannan tasirin a cikin ɓarna, lokacin ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo kuma wani lokacin har ma a cikin rufewar aikace-aikacen ko wasan ba zato ba tsammani.

Hanyoyi masu sauri don duba VRAM a cikin Windows

Windows yana ba da hanyoyi na asali da yawa don samun damar wannan bayanin ba tare da shigar da komai ba. Biyu mafi kai tsaye sune Manajan Task da kayan aikin DxDiag, duka biyu suna samun dama akan kowane sigar zamani na tsarin.

Manajan AikiWannan shine zaɓi mafi gaggawa ga mutane da yawa. A cikin shafin wasan kwaikwayon, zaku ga albarkatun GPU da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwazo. Bayanan da kuke sha'awar shine "Ƙwaƙwalwar GPU Dedicated", wanda yayi daidai da VRAM na zahiri na katin ku.

• Bude ManajanLatsa CTRL + SHIFT + ESC don buɗe shi kai tsaye.
• Hakanan zaka iya danna CTRL + ALT + MUTU kuma zaɓi "Task Manager".
• Wani madadin: Win + R, rubuta "taskmgr" kuma danna Shigar.
• Ko yi dama danna Fara kuma zaɓi "Task Manager".

Tare da bude Manager, je zuwa shafin "Performance" kuma shigar da "GPU." A gefen dama za ku ga ƙwaƙwalwar GPU da aka sadaukar; wannan ƙimar ita ce VRAM ɗin katin zane na ku. Ba ya buƙatar kowane shigarwa na musamman ko gata.

Kayan aikin Bincike na DirectX (DxDiag). Kayan aiki na yau da kullun ne wanda ke tabbatar da abubuwan haɗin sauti da bidiyo kuma yana nuna maka ƙwaƙwalwar allo. Yana aiki akan kusan duk bugu na Windows da bayar da rahoto mai sauri.

1 mataki: Bude Windows Search kuma rubuta "DxDiag" (zaka iya danna Win + R, rubuta "dxdiag" da Shigar). Zaɓi aikace-aikacen "DirectX Diagnostic Tool". don fara shi.

2 mataki: Jira ƴan daƙiƙa kaɗan yayin tattara bayanai. Sannan, a saman, je zuwa babban shafin allo (sau da yawa ana nuna kamar "Lallon 1" idan kana da duba guda daya).

3 mataki: A ƙarƙashin taken "Na'ura", za ku ga samfurin GPU ɗinku, kuma kusa da "Nuna Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa," jimlar VRAM a MB. Don tunani, 8031 ​​MB daidai yake da ~ 8 GB, adadi na yau da kullun a cikin samfuran matsakaicin matsakaici.

Duk hanyoyin biyu na asali ne, don haka ba kwa buƙatar sauke shirye-shiryeBugu da ƙari, DxDiag yana ba ku damar fitar da rahoto, mai amfani don tallafin fasaha ko kiyaye kayan aikin ku.

Kayan aikin ɓangare na uku da sauran hanyoyin tabbatar da shi

Ko da yake Windows ya fi isa, akwai kayan aiki masu amfani waɗanda ke ba da bayanan granular. GPU-Z yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan shawarar saboda yana nuna maka VRAM, nau'in ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya (misali GDDR6 ko GDDR6X), bandwidth, agogo, da dacewa. Kuna iya koyo Yadda ake saka idanu akan amfani da katin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya tare da GPU-Z don duba firikwensin a ainihin lokacin.

GPU-Z yana da nauyi kuma yana iya aiki a yanayin šaukuwa. Ba kwa buƙatar shigar da shi idan ba ku so.: Run .exe kuma shi ke nan. Daga allon farko, zaku ga adadin da nau'in VRAM, da kuma na'urori masu auna firikwensin lokaci da tallafi don tabbatar da cewa katin na gaske ne.

Wani mashahurin app shine AIDA64, wanda kuma yana haɓaka cikakkun rahotanni game da tsarin gaba ɗaya. Yana da amfani idan kuna neman cikakkiyar ganewar asali ciki har da CPU, RAM, motherboard, cibiyar sadarwa da ajiya, ban da GPU.

Idan katin sabo ne, zaka iya amfani da hanyar "analog": dubi akwatin ko sitika na samfurin kantaMarufi yawanci yana nuna ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da tsarawa, kuma Yawancin masana'antun suna sanya lakabi tare da lambar ɓangaren wanda ya haɗa da adadin RAM akan PCB ko farantin baya.

A ƙarshe, bincika takardar fasaha akan gidan yanar gizon masana'anta ko kuma a cikin kantin sayar da kan layi inda kuka saya. Akwai kusan ko da yaushe wani bayani dalla-dalla tebur tare da VRAM, bas, mitoci da fasaha masu goyan baya (Ray Tracing, video encoders, da dai sauransu).

Duba nawa VRAM kuke da shi akan macOS

A kan Mac kuma guntun kek ne. Tsarin da kansa yana nuna muku bayanai game da zane-zane da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya daga Apple menu.

• Game da wannan MacDanna alamar Apple kuma zaɓi "Game da Wannan Mac." Kusa da "Graphics," za ku ga samfurin da ƙwaƙwalwar bidiyo.
• Don ƙarin bayani, danna "Rahoton tsarin" kuma je zuwa sashin "Graphics/Monitors". A can za ku sami a takamaiman layi tare da VRAM da sauran bayanan GPU.

Da fatan za a lura cewa akan kwamfutoci masu haɗakar GPU Ana iya raba ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya tare da tsarin RAM. Koyaya, macOS yana nuna adadin da GPU ke amfani dashi, wanda shine bayanai masu amfani don apps da wasanni.

Yadda ake duba VRAM a Linux

A Linux Terminal yana ba ku damar bincika kayan aikin ta hanya kai tsaye. Tsarin al'ada ana tace lshw ta bangaren nuni, wanda zai jera abubuwan adaftar hoto da aka gano da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar su.

Bude tashar ku kuma kunna: sudo lshw -C nuni. Bayan shigar da kalmar sirri, Za ku ga bayani game da GPU da VRAM ɗin sa, da kuma direbobi, bas da sauran cikakkun bayanai masu dacewa na tarin zane-zane.

Dangane da rarrabawar ku da tebur ɗinku, kuna iya samun damar samun damar daidaita kayan aikin tsarin hoto. Yawancin dashboards sun haɗa da sashin "Game da kwamfutarka". tare da CPU, RAM da bayanai graphics, ciki har da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.

Nawa VRAM zan samu a yau?

Bukatun sun karu sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Da zarar wani lokaci, 4GB na iya isa don amfani da yawa., amma wasan kwaikwayo na zamani da gyare-gyaren ayyukan aiki sun tayar da barga.

A matsayin babban jagora, 8 GB ana ɗaukar mafi ƙarancin ƙofa da ke da ma'ana don wasan kwaikwayo da ainihin ayyukan 3D, kodayake ya dogara da yawa akan haɓaka wasan ko app. Don ƙarin shawarwari masu zurfi, duba Nawa VRAM kuke buƙata don PC na caca?Akwai lakabin da ke da kyau tare da 8 GB, da sauran waɗanda suke Suna jin takura, ko da a ƙananan saituna..

Idan kuna neman kwanciyar hankali, 10 GB ko fiye yana bayar da iyaka don ƙira mai ƙarfi, mods masu nauyi, da ƙuduri sama da 1080p. Yawancin al'amuran yau da kullun na iya sauƙi wuce 6 GB a cikin amfanin duniyar gaske, musamman tare da masu tacewa, fakitin HD ko Ray Tracing.

A kowane hali, adadin VRAM ba komai bane. Gine-ginen GPU, tsarawa, bandwidth, da saurin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci. Fasahar matsawa da kuma yanayin yanayin direba suma suna taka rawa.

Doka mai amfani: Zaɓi GPU mai 8-10 GB idan kuna kan kasafin kuɗi kuma tabbatar da cewa bai wuce tsararraki biyu ba a bayan saman na yanzu. Idan kuna wasa a 1440p/4K ko shirya bidiyo tare da codecs masu buƙata, nufin 12 GB ko fiye lokacin da zai yiwu.

Wasanni, sandunan amfani da saitunan zane

Yawancin wasanni na zamani sun haɗa da a Bar amfani da VRAM a cikin menu na zaɓuɓɓuka. Ta hanyar matsar da silsilai don laushi, inuwa, ko zana nisa, za ku ga ƙimar amfani da wutar lantarki yana ƙaruwa ko raguwa.

Wannan alamar tana da amfani sosai don guje wa wuce gona da iri. Idan mashaya ta juya ja ko ta taɓa iyaka, za ku yi hasarar ruwa da kwanciyar hankali. Rage ingancin rubutu da daraja kuma tace kaɗan kaɗan; Tasirin gani na iya zama ƙasa da fa'idar FPS..

Ka tuna cewa VRAM ɗin da ake buƙata ya bambanta da ƙuduri. 1080p yana buƙatar ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya fiye da 1440p ko 4K, da kunna Ray Tracing ko DLSS/FSR kuma na iya canza ma'auni tsakanin aiki da amfani da ƙwaƙwalwa.

FAQ da bayani mai mahimmanci

Akwai VRAM akan CPU? VRAM kanta tana zaune akan GPU. A kan kwakwalwan kwamfuta tare da hadedde graphics, la iGPU yana amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar tsarin da aka raba, amma ba VRAM aka sadaukar ba. Manufar aiki iri ɗaya ce: ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar da GPU ke samun damar yin aiki.

Za a iya "gwada VRAM"? Kayan aiki kamar DxDiag suna taimakawa ganowa da tabbatar da cewa tsarin tsarin bidiyo yana amsawa. Hakanan akwai abubuwan amfani na ɓangare na uku don gwajin danniya da tabbatarwa, kodayake ya saba don auna aikin gabaɗaya (alamar ma'auni) maimakon ƙwaƙwalwar bidiyo a keɓe.

Ta yaya zan “shigar da” saitunan VRAM? Ba abu ne da ya dace da irin wannan ba. A cikin wasanni za ku ga sandunan amfani kuma zaka iya daidaita ma'auni masu inganci don dacewa da ƙwararrun ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. A kan Windows, DxDiag yana gaya muku jimlar adadi, amma Ba ku "canza" VRAM daga can.

Yi hankali da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Windows: A wasu zaurukan za ku ga shawarwarin don zuwa "daidaita bayyanar da aiki" don 2 gyara ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya (fayil ɗin shafi). Wannan saitin ba VRAM bane; ana amfani da shi don faɗaɗa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar tsarin ta amfani da faifai kuma baya ƙara ƙwaƙwalwar bidiyo na GPU ɗinku.

Bincika ƙayyadaddun bayanai bayan siyan

Idan kun sayi sabon (ko amfani) katin kuma kuna son tabbatar da cewa kun karɓi abin da aka yi alkawari, akwai matakai masu sauƙi da yawa. Da farko, kwatanta bayanan tsarin tare da takardar bayanan hukumaYi amfani da Mai sarrafa Aiki, DxDiag, ko GPU-Z don ganin ainihin VRAM da ƙira, kuma idan kuna buƙatar ƙarin cikakkun bayanai, koyi yadda ake ɓoye ɓoye AIDA64.

Bincika akwatin samfur da alamunYawancin samfura suna nuna ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, nau'in, da dubawa akan marufi. Katin kanta yawanci yana da sitika mai lambar ƙira wanda zaka iya samu akan gidan yanar gizon masana'anta.

Idan wani abu bai ƙara ba (misali, kuna tsammanin 12 GB kuma tsarin yana nuna 8 GB), Rashin amincewa da inganci tare da GPU-Z. Kayan aikin yana bayyana ainihin guntu da tsarin sa, yana taimaka muku gano yuwuwar jabu ko yaudarar BIOS walƙiya.

Hanyoyin da aka taƙaita ta dandamali

Windows: Task Manager → Performance → GPU → "Dedicated GPU Memory". Ko bude DxDiag (Win + R → "dxdiag") → "Nuna" tab → Memorin allo a MB.

macOS: Apple menu → "Game da Wannan Mac" → "Graphics" sashe. Don ƙarin bayani: "Rahoton Tsari" → "Charts/Monitors".

Linux: Terminal tare da sudo lshw -C nuni; Hakanan zaka iya duba kayan aikin bayanan tsarin hoto dangane da distro.

Nasiha mai amfani don rayuwar yau da kullun

Idan kun gajarta akan ƙwaƙwalwar bidiyo, ba da fifiko ga saitunan da ke tasiri kai tsaye VRAM. Yana rage ingancin laushi da matattarar anisotropic maimakon sadaukar da ƙuduri na asali (idan za ku iya kiyaye shi).

A cikin gyarawa, gwada yin aiki tare da wakilai ko ingantattun kafofin watsa labarai lokacin da kuke gajere. Babban codecs na matsawa wani lokaci suna sanya ƙarin damuwa akan GPU. fiye da matsakaicin madadin. Daidaita caches da tsari zuwa ma'auni ingancin da fluidity.

A ƙarshe, ci gaba da sabunta direbobin ku (sabuntawa katin zane na ku). Ingantaccen mai sarrafawa zai iya rage yawan wutar lantarki ko inganta sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a cikin sabbin wasanni da aikace-aikace da aka ƙaddamar, kuma gyara rashin al'ada VRAM hali.

Yanzu kuna da cikakkiyar taswira don gano VRAM na kwamfutarku akan kowane tsari kuma ku yanke shawara idan kuna buƙatar ƙarin ɗakin kwana. Tsakanin kayan aikin asali, abubuwan amfani kamar GPU-Z da duban jikiZa ku tabbatar da bayanin a cikin mintuna kuma zaku iya daidaita tsammaninku da sayayya cikin hikima. Yanzu kun san yadda ake gano adadin VRAM na katin zane a cikin kwamfutar ku.