Duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani kafin haɓaka PC ɗin ku don kunna 4K

Ɗauki tsalle zuwa 4K A kan PC, ba kawai game da saita ƙuduri ba kuma shi ke nan: ya haɗa da daidaita ikon zane, nuni, kuzari, da daidaitawa. Si ka zabi GPU da kyau, kuna biye da shi tare da mai saka idanu na 4K mai dacewa kuma ku kula da tushen, RAM da ajiya, Za ku iya jin daɗin hotuna masu kaifi, ingantattun launuka, da tsayayyen ƙimar firam ba tare da kashe kuɗi ba. Anan ga yadda zaku haɓaka PC ɗinku cikin aminci don kunna cikin 4K.

Ba wai kawai muna kan abin da ya kamata ku yi tweaks ba (DLSS/FSR/XeSS), amma muna kuma nuna muku alkaluman ayyukan da aka buga ta yadda za ku iya samun kyakkyawan fata kuma ku yanke shawarar nawa kuke son saka hannun jari da kuma inda.

Menene ma'anar yin wasa a 4K akan PC a yau?

Yin wasa a 4K shine 3840 x 2160 pixels, sau huɗu fiye da na 1080p, tare da tsalle-tsalle a cikin cikakkun bayanai, inuwa, da launi. Load ɗin yana faɗi akan katin zane, kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa shine bangaren da za a ba da fifiko, kodayake CPU, memory, da kuma ajiya suna da mahimmanci don guje wa ƙullun da kuma tsawon lokacin lodawa.

Don ƙwarewa mai daɗi, muna magana ne game da GPU mai girma na yanzu, mai saka idanu na 4K tare da aƙalla 60Hz (zai fi dacewa 120Hz ko mafi girma), 16 zuwa 32GB na RAM, da kuma NVMe SSD. Abubuwan caji: DisplayPort 1.4 ko HDMI 2.1 Suna da mahimmanci don manyan rates a cikin 4K ba tare da kayan tarihi ba.

Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci don bambancewa tsakanin dabaru irin su gano hasken hasken da, bayan haka, gano hanya. Cikakken RT da bin diddigin hanya a 4K suna da matuƙar buƙata kuma yana iya buƙatar haɓakawa na hankali da ƙirƙira ƙira don cimma manyan ƙima.

Katin zane: bangaren da ke mulki

Idan kuna son 4K mai inganci, zaɓi GPU na gaba. Daga cikin wadanda aka ba da shawarar a cikin ma'auni akwai NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4080, RTX 5080 da AMD Radeon RX 7900 XTXHakanan an ambaci dangin RTX 5070 azaman zaɓin ƙimar ƙimar farashi don 4K tare da haɓakawa da ƙirar ƙira.

VRAM kirga, amma ba komai bane: Duba yadda ake sanin adadin VRAM na katin ku kafin yanke shawara; gwaje-gwaje da yawa sun nuna hakan 12GB ya isa a cikin 4K don yawancin wasanni na yanzu Idan ba ku kunna matsananciyar bin diddigin hanya ba, 16 GB yana ba da ɗaki a cikin matsanancin yanayi, amma ƙarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ba ta da amfani kaɗan akan GPU mai ƙarancin ƙarfi. Ba da fifiko ga aikin gabaɗaya da goyan baya don haɓakawa da fasahar samar da firam.

Babban misali na bangaren AMD shine Radeon RX 7900 XTX (kamar PowerColor Red Devil), dodo mai fanni uku, PCB-Layer 14, BIOS dual, da mitoci masu daidaita masana'anta (a cikin bayanan Silent da OC). An ƙirƙira shi don 4K na gaskiya a babban saiti, kuma ɓarkewar sa yana jure hawan wutar lantarki ba tare da lalata yanayin zafi ko hayaniya ba.

A gefen NVIDIA, samfura kamar su RTX 4080/5080 Suna haskakawa don aikinsu a cikin binciken ray da DLSS (ciki har da tsararrun firam ɗin AI da yawa a cikin jagororin da aka bincika), wanda ke ba da damar tsalle-tsalle masu tsauri a cikin FPS ba tare da babban sadaukarwa na kaifi a cikin 4K ba.

Saka idanu, igiyoyi da aiki tare

Kyakkyawan 4K duba wajibi ne. Don yin wasa yadda ya kamata, nufin 120 Hz ko mafi girma, tare da kyakkyawan panel da goyon bayan VRR. Kwamitin ofishin 60Hz zai iyakance ƙwarewar koda GPU zai iya wuce hakan.

Tabbatar da cewa duka GPU da saka idanu goyon baya da haɗi ta hanyar HDMI 2.1 ko DisplayPort 1.4 don 4K a 60/120 Hz. Kebul ɗin da bai dace ba zai iya haifar da ɓatattun hotuna, kyalkyali, ko iyakance ƙimar wartsakar da ba zato ba tsammani.

CPU, motherboard da memory

Don 4K, CPU yana ɗaukar kujerar baya zuwa GPU, amma akwai madaidaicin ƙofa: Na'urori masu sarrafawa na zamani 6- zuwa 8-core tare da ingantaccen IPC Suna aiki sosai. Misalan da aka ambata sun haɗa da Intel Core i5-12400F (daidaitacce kuma mai araha), i7/i9 na yanzu, ko Ryzen 7 5000/7000/8000, gami da 9800X3D akan hanya mai ban sha'awa.

Tare da motherboard, nemi dacewa tare da CPU ɗinku, ramummuka M.2 masu sauri, da ingantaccen VRM idan kuna shirin haɓakawa. DDR5 a 6000 MT/s CL30-36 Yana da wuri mai dadi don aiwatar da farashi. 16 GB ya isa a lokuta da yawa, amma 32 GB yana ba da iyaka da kwanciyar hankali lokacin gudanar da ƙa'idodi a bango ko wasannin da ke tura iyaka.

Adana da tsarin aiki

NVMe SSDs suna haɓaka lokutan lodi da ruwa a cikin duniyoyin buɗe ido. Nassoshi sun bambanta daga aikin NVMe PCIe 3.0 zuwa PCIe 4.0 tare da 5000-7400 MB/sDon wasa a yau, 1 TB shine mafi ƙarancin aiki; 2 TB ya fi dacewa da manyan ɗakunan karatu na 4K. Idan kana ƙaura, koyi yadda ake rufe rumbun kwamfutarka zuwa NVMe ba tare da sake shigar da Windows ba.

Windows 11 ana tallafawa sosai kuma, tare da sabunta direbobi, yana ba da haɓakawa da ingantattun bayanan martaba don wasannin kwanan nan. Tsaftace tsarin ku daga software mara amfani don gujewa rage gudu na 4K.

Samar da wutar lantarki da sanyaya

PSU ita ce ginshiƙi na uku bayan GPU da nuni. Jagororin sun ba da shawarar 750-850 W don babban kayan aikin 4K, kuma har zuwa 1000W idan kun zaɓi katunan masu ƙarfi ko kuna son yalwataccen ɗakin kai a nan gaba. Mafi kyawun takaddun shaida na Zinare da dacewa tare da masu haɗin zamani (ATX 3.1, PCIe 5.x) idan kuna zuwa sabon ƙarni na GPUs.

Sanyaya yana haifar da bambanci a cikin amo, kwanciyar hankali, da ci gaba mai dorewa. Ingantacciyar na'urar sanyaya iska ko 240mm AIO a cikin akwati mai isasshen iska yana kiyaye CPU da GPU. Magoya bayan da aka sanya su da kyau suna taimakawa wajen kafa daidaitaccen iska, guje wa kololuwar zafi da maƙarƙashiya.

Saitunan wasa da direbobi don samun mafi kyawun 4K

Baya ga kayan aikin, dole ne ku taɓa software. Kunna ƙudurin 3840 x 2160, kiyaye direbobin GPU na zamani kuma yi amfani da DLSS/FSR/XeSS idan akwai. A cikin 4K, antialiasing za a iya juya ko kashe tare da rage tasirin gani.

A cikin zaɓuɓɓukan zane-zane, rage saitunan daga Ultra zuwa High/Matsakaici don inuwa, tunani, da tasirin sauti yawanci yana ba da ƙarin FPS da yawa. Fasaha mai haɓakawa da ƙirar ƙirar AI Suna haɓaka aiki tare da ingantaccen fahimta sosai.

Rufe aikace-aikacen bango (masu bincike, katunan kama idan ba kwa buƙatar su, 'yan wasan media) don 'yantar da CPU da RAM. Tsarin ba tare da manyan matakai ba ana iya gani a cikin 4K, musamman tare da binciken ray yana aiki.

Hanyoyi biyu na haɓakawa: Daidaito da Mai sha'awa

Shafukan da aka bincika suna ba da shawara hanyoyi biyu bayyananne: ƙaƙƙarfan tsari wanda ke ba da fifiko ga GPUs yayin da yake rage farashi, da ƙayyadaddun matakan ƙwaƙƙwaran da ba ya ƙetare komai. Dukansu suna nufin 4K, amma tare da tsammanin daban-daban.

Daidaitaccen hanya (~ 1.200 €)

Budget LGA1700 dandamali tare da B760M motherboard, Intel Core i5-12400F, 32GB DDR5 6000 CL30, 2TB PCIe 4.0 NVMe SSD, shari'ar kwarara mai kyau, 750W PSU da a GeForce RTX 5070 irin GPU (ko madadin Radeon RX 9070 16GB tare da nuances). Fare a nan shine sadaukar da mafi ƙarancin a cikin CPU da motherboard don sadaukar da mafi yawan kasafin kuɗi ga zane-zane.

Dangane da alkalumman da aka raba, wannan saitin yana ba da sakamako a cikin 4K (high/mafi girman inganci) kamar: Cyberpunk 2077: 44 FPS na asalisama 151 FPS tare da DLSS; Black Myth Wukong: 26 FPS na asali, 63 FPS tare da DLSSStar Wars ya haramta: 39 FPS na asali, 122 FPS tare da DLSS; Alan Wake 2: 32 FPS na asali, 140 FPS tare da DLSS; Hasken Mutuwa 2: 51 FPS na asali, 108 FPS tare da DLSS; Mataki na 5: 65 FPS na asali; Red Dead Fansa 2: 61 FPS na asali, 77 FPS tare da DLSSIndiana Jones da Babban Circle: 64 FPS na asali, 115 FPS tare da DLSSWaɗannan misalan misalan ne na tsalle-tsalle na ci gaba da haɓakawa na 4K da dabarun ƙirƙira ƙira suka kawo.

Hanya mai ban sha'awa (~ 2.900€)

CPU Ryzen 7 9800X3D, AM5 motherboard tare da PCIe 5.0, 32GB DDR5 6000, 2TB NVMe SSD da sauri kamar NM790, sanyaya mai ƙima (Noctua NH-D15), 1000W ATX 3.1 PSU, ingancin hali da kuma babban-na-da-kewa GPU kamar na RTX 5080 16 GBManufar anan shine a yi niyya don babban 4K Hz tare da ƙarin m RT da yalwar ɗaki mai zafi da lantarki.

A tsakanin, wani zaɓi mai ƙarfi shine Radeon RX 7900 XTX al'ada (kamar Red Devil), wanda akai-akai ya ninka aikin RTX 3080 a cikin gwaje-gwajen 4K na yau da kullun (3DMark Firestrike Ultra, TimeSpy Extreme, Doom Eternal, Flight Simulator ko Cyberpunk tare da RT), tare da ɗimbin ɓarna, dual BIOS da masu haɗin PCIe 8-pin guda uku. Kyakkyawan zaɓi idan kun ba da fifikon rasterization mai tsabta a cikin 4K tare da manyan saitunan.

Saitunan daidaitawa masu kyau waɗanda ke daidaita FPS a cikin 4K

Bugu da ƙari ga DLSS/FSR/XeSS, yana taɓa sigogi masu nauyi: inuwa, gano haske, tunani, ƙarancin ɓoyewa, barbashi, da tasirin aiwatarwa. Saukowa mataki daga Ultra zuwa High a cikin 4K da kyar ake gani. kuma yana ƙara FPS kaɗan kaɗan.

Rage antialiasing a cikin 4K, yayin da girman pixel da kansa yana laushi gefuna. Tabbatar cewa wasan yana gudana na musamman a cikin yanayin cikakken allo. yana ba da damar VRR na mai saka idanu kuma saita iyakar FPS zuwa abubuwan da kuke so, musamman idan ba ku son GPU ya kasance a 100% koyaushe.

Sarrafa yanayin zafi tare da overlays kuma, idan ya cancanta, ƙirƙiri ƙarin lanƙwasa fan fan akan GPU. Gujewa magudanar zafi shine mabuɗin don kiyaye haɓakar haɓakawa a 4K. lokacin da aka tsawaita zaman.

Na gefe da ƙananan, manyan bayanai

Kyakkyawan linzamin linzamin kwamfuta mara igiyar waya da madanni na inji tare da masu sauyawa masu daɗi suna taimaka muku yin aiki mafi kyau, koda kuwa ba su ƙara FPS ba. Makasudin shine a rage jinkirin shigarwa da kuma kula da jin dadi yayin dogon zama.. Ba su da mahimmanci ga 4K, amma sun kammala kwarewa.

Tsaftace kwamfutarka daga ƙura, sabunta manna mai zafi idan kun kasance kuna amfani da CPU iri ɗaya tsawon shekaru kuma duba matsin lamba na magoya baya a cikin harka (mafi yawan shigarwa fiye da fitarwa yawanci yana aiki da kyau tare da masu tacewa).

Idan kun ba da fifikon saka hannun jari na GPU kuma zaɓi nuni na 120Hz 4K tare da kebul ɗin da ya dace, kun riga kun yi kyau sosai a wurin; sannan tare da CPU na zamani na 6-8, 32GB na DDR5, NVMe SSD mai sauri, 750-1000W PSU, da tweaks masu wayo kamar DLSS/FSR tare da sanyaya mai kyau, PC ɗinku zai kasance a shirye don 4K tare da kyakykyawan hoto, daidaiton ruwa da daki don ingantawa nan gaba.