Yadda za a kashe sanarwar "Ƙananan sarari" a cikin Windows

 

Sanarwa Saƙonnin "Ƙananan sararin faifai" na iya zama da ban haushi lokacin da ba ku yi tsammaninsu ba, amma kafin rufe su, yana da kyau ku fahimci dalilin da yasa suke wanzu da kuma haɗarin da kuke fuskanta ta yin hakan. Windows yana buƙatar ƙaramin adadin sarari kyauta yin aiki akai-akai: ba tare da wannan gefe ba, aiki, sabuntawa, har ma da kwanciyar hankali yana lalata.

Wannan ya ce, akwai yanayi inda kashe gargadin ke da ma'ana (yanayin sarrafawa, ƙararrawar ƙarya, demos, kayan aikin lab). A cikin wannan jagorar, za ku koyi yadda ake musaki sanarwar sararin faifai a cikin Windows ta amfani da Registry, duba zaɓuɓɓukan gudanarwa (MDM/Intune, rubutun, da faɗakarwa na al'ada), kuma kuna da ingantattun dabaru a hannu don dawo da sarari lokacin da kuke buƙata da gaske. Mu fara.  Yadda za a kashe sanarwar "Ƙananan sarari" a cikin Windows. 

Menene ainihin faɗakarwar sarari mara ƙarfi?

Tun da Windows XP/Vista/7 da Server 2003/2008/2012/2016, tsarin yana nuna sanarwar lokacin da ya gano abin da ke gudana daga gefe. Rubutun gargajiya yana karanta wani abu kamar: Ana kurewa sararin faifai a kan Local Disk. Don ba da sarari akan wannan tuƙi ta hanyar share tsofaffi ko fayilolin da ba dole ba, danna nan.. A cikin Windows 10/11 (da uwar garken 2019/2022), da sauri yana canza taken zuwa "Fayil ɗin ajiya kyauta" kuma yana ba da shawarar zuwa saitunan Adana. Manufar ita ce a gargaɗe ku kafin tsarin ya fara lalacewa..

Yaushe ya tashi? A cikin Windows 7 da kuma daga baya, ana yin binciken sararin samaniya ta tsohuwa kowane minti 10 (a cikin Vista kowane minti daya ne). Matsakaicin iyaka shine 200 MB, 80 MB, da 50 MB.: A kowane mataki, saƙon yana ƙara dagewa. Idan faɗakarwar ta bayyana yayin yin kwafin bayanai masu yawa, za ku iya ganin ta a lokutan da ba su dace ba.

Yin watsi da wannan faɗakarwar ba kyakkyawan ra'ayi ba ne: bai isa ba sarari kyauta C drive: ya juya ja a cikin Explorer, Sabuntawar Windows na iya kasawa, kwamfutarka na iya yin jinkiri, zata sake farawa ba zato ba tsammani, ko ma fuskanci kurakuran taya.

Yadda ake kashe sanarwar daga Registry Windows

Wannan hanyar kai tsaye ce kuma ana iya juyawa, kuma tana da iyaka ga kowane mai amfani (HKCU). Kafin taɓa Registry, ƙirƙiri wurin dawo da/ko fitarwa maɓalli cewa za ku gyara.

1. Latsa Windows + R, rubuta regedit kuma danna Shigar don buɗe Editan rajista. Bada izinin gudanarwa idan an buƙata.
2. Kewaya zuwa: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer. Idan babu wani maɓalli na ƙasa, ƙirƙira shi.
3. A cikin daman dama, ƙirƙiri ƙimar DWORD (32-bit) mai suna NoLowDiskSpaceChecks (a cikin wasu matani ya bayyana an fassara shi azaman "Babu ƙananan binciken sararin faifai"). Sanya darajar 1.
4. Rufe Regedit kuma fita ko sake kunna kwamfutarka don amfani da canjin.

Ta saka NoLowDiskSpaceChecks=1 cak ɗin da ke jawo gargaɗin ya mutu a cikin bayanan mai amfani na yanzu. Don mayar da wannan, canza darajar zuwa 0 ko share DWORD.

Tips da lura

• Idan kuna son yin amfani da canjin ga masu amfani da yawa, tura saitin ta amfani da Preferences GPO, rubutun tambura, ko kayan aikin gudanarwa (MDM/Intune) waɗanda ke rubuta zuwa HKCU. Ka tuna cewa tsarin kowane mai amfani ne.
• Gyara Registry ba daidai ba na iya haifar da matsala. Yi aiki da hankali kuma lura da canje-canje don a iya warware su.

Madadin masu gudanarwa: MDM, manufofi, da saituna masu alaƙa

Babu wani takamaiman CSP na Windows wanda zai iya "kashe" ƙarancin faɗakarwar sararin faifai a duniya, amma kuna iya tsara yanayin ku don rage hayaniya ko daidaita hali. Wasu tweaks masu amfani a cikin tura kamfanoni:

• Bincike/Indexing: da CSP Search/PreventIndexingLowDiskSpaceMB yana sarrafa ko mai nuni ya ci gaba da aiki lokacin da faifan ya kasa 600 MB. Yana da amfani don guje wa ƙarin aiki lokacin da diski ya takura.
• Yin amfani da Intune, zaku iya tilastawa ko hana wasu halayen tsarin da ke haifar da sanarwa da ɗaukakawa (misali, Haske, tukwici, telemetry, da sauransu). Ba sa kashe gargadin sararin samaniya kamar haka, amma suna taimakawa wajen yin shuru.
• Rarraba darajar NoLowDiskSpaceChecks a HKCU via Custom OMA-URI ko Rubutun PowerShell a cikin lokacin mai amfani idan MDM ɗinku ya ba shi damar. Hanya ce mai goyan baya don sarrafa abin da za ku yi da hannu..

Kulawa na Musamman da Faɗakarwa: Sabar Windows

A kan sabobin, maimakon rufe sanarwar ya fi kyau aiwatar da abin dogaro da faɗakarwa masu aikiWindows Server 2003 ya haɗa da Logs Performance da Faɗakarwa don jawo ayyuka lokacin da ma'aunin ƙira ya ketare kofa. Asalin tsarin aiki don sa ido kan sarari kyauta shine:

1. Buɗe Ayyuka daga Kayan Gudanarwa kuma fadada "Logs Performance and Alerts." A cikin Faɗakarwa, ƙirƙiri "Sabon Kanfigareshan Faɗakarwa" tare da suna mai siffatawa (misali “Free Space Space”).
2. A cikin "Gabaɗaya", ƙara ma'aunin: "LogicalDisk" abu, "% Free Space" counter kuma zaɓi drive ɗin da kake son saka idanu. Alama nau'in kwatanta "A ƙasa" kuma ayyana bakin kofa (misali, 10%).
3. Ƙarƙashin "Aiki", zaɓi abin da za ku yi lokacin da aka kunna: rubuta zuwa rajistan ayyukan, aika saƙon hanyar sadarwa, fara log log, ko gudanar da shiri/umurni (zaku iya wucewa. gardamar layin umarni). Wannan zaɓi na ƙarshe shine maɓalli don sarrafa sarrafa kansa ko aika imel..
4. Ƙarƙashin "Jadawalin," yanke shawarar yadda za a fara da dakatar da jefa ƙuri'a (da hannu, a takamaiman lokaci, ko bayan wani takamaiman lokaci). Don kada ya tsaya bayan sake yi, saita "Dakatar da jarrabawa" zuwa adadi mai yawa na kwanaki kuma kunna "Fara sabon jarrabawa".

Wannan hanya ta kasance mai inganci a cikin nau'ikan zamani tare da kayan aikin yau da kullun (Ma'auni na Ayyuka, Jadawalin Aiki da Rubutun). Manufar ita ce faɗakar da kai tsaye kuma, idan ya dace, aiwatar da ayyuka na atomatik..

Rubutun PowerShell don Server 2012 R2 (kuma daga baya)

Idan kuna sarrafa sabar da yawa, rubutun yana ceton ku aiki. Tsarin gama gari shine karanta jerin kwamfutoci kuma, ga kowane ɗaya, tambaya Win32_LogicalDisk, ƙididdige adadin kyauta kuma kwatanta tare da kofa. Lokacin da adadi ya faɗi ƙasa, ana ba da faɗakarwa ko ana bayar da sanarwa..

Hankali, taƙaitawa: ya bayyana $freespacethreshold (misali 17), yana loda sunayen fayil ɗin servers.txt, dawo da ma'anar tafiyarwa tare da Get-WmiObject Win32_LogicalDisk, lissafi $percentfree = ($l.FreeSpace / $l.Size) * 100, idan idan $percentfree bai kai bakin kofa ba, yana ba da faɗakarwa (Kuma, idan kuna so, aika imel ko rubuta zuwa SIEM.) Kuna iya tsara shi tare da Jadawalin Aiki kuma ƙara shi tare da aika SMTP.

Yadda ake 'yantar da sarari cikin aminci (kuma guje wa ɓata sanarwar)

Babban fifiko shine dawo da sarari akan C: kuma akan abubuwan da abin ya shafa. Fara sauƙi tare da Tsabtace Disk:

1. Latsa Windows + R, rubuta cleanmgr kuma Shiga. Zaɓi drive C: kuma danna Ok.
2. Bincika nau'ikan fayiloli don sharewa (fayil ɗin wucin gadi, babban hoto, caches, da sauransu). Yi nazarin bayanin kowane nau'i don fahimtar abin da ake gogewa.
3. Tabbatar da tsaftacewa. Sannan sake kunna cleanmgr a matsayin "Tsaftace fayilolin tsarin" don ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka (misali, shigarwar Windows na baya).

A cikin Windows Server 2008/2012, ba a kunna kayan aikin ta tsohuwa ba; idan kun ga kuskuren "Windows ba zai iya samun 'cleanmgr' ba", kunna shi tukuna kuma sake gwadawa.

Idan tsaftacewa bai warke ba (kasa da ~ 20 GB na gefe), matsa fadada C: sararin samaniya daga kundila masu kusa tare da mai sarrafa bangare. Hanyar da aka saba ita ce ta rage tuƙi D: don ƙirƙirar sarari mara izini nan da nan a bayan C:, sannan ƙara C: don ɗaukar wannan sarari. Kuna iya yin wannan akan layi tare da kayan aikin uwar garken na ɓangare na uku; Koyaushe bincika madadin da taga kulawa kafin amfani da canje-canje. Idan kuna aiki tare da fayafai na waje, da farko koya yadda ake fitar da rumbun kwamfutarka ta waje a amince.

Idan kuna son ƙarin koyo game da 'yantar da sarari, ga labarin don zurfafa zurfafawa: yadda ake 'yantar da sararin diski

Sabar Tableau: Kulawa lokacin da faifan ya matse

Idan kana sarrafa Tableau Server, samfurin da kansa zai iya cika sararin faifai tare da rajistan ayyukan da lokaci. Yi aiki da waɗannan takamaiman matakan:

• Gudu tsm maintenance cleanup don share rajistan ayyukan, fayilolin wucin gadi, da shigarwar da ba dole ba daga PostgreSQL. Idan kana son adana rajistan ayyukan, samar da kunshin kafin share su.
• Bincika sabis ɗin daidaitawa (ZooKeeper): ta tsohuwa, yana ƙirƙirar hotuna kowane ma'amala 100.000 kuma yana share waɗanda suka girmi kwanaki biyar. Idan kuna samar da ƙasa da 100.000 kowace rana, katako na iya tarawa. Daidaita da tsm configuration set -k zookeeper.config.snapCount -v <num> kuma ya shafi tsm pending-changes apply. Rikodi yawanci suna ciki C:\ProgramData\Tableau\Tableau Server\data\tabsvc\appzookeeper\<n>\version-2.
• Idan sarari ya ƙare kuma ba za ku iya samun dama ga Tableau ko TSM UI ba, yantar da fayilolin da ba dole ba da tilasta sake daidaitawa ta hanyar ƙirƙirar maɓallin da ba ya wanzu: tsm configuration set -k foo -v bar --force-keys sa'an nan kuma tsm pending-changes apply.

Abokan hulɗa na daidaitawa: Saita ƙofofin don guje wa wuce gona da iri

A cikin kayan aikin kamar abokin ciniki na tebur na Nextcloud, sarari kyauta shine mahimmin abu a aiki tare. Kuna iya daidaita halayensa tare da masu canjin yanayi:

• OWNCLOUD_CRITICAL_FREE_SPACE_BYTES (tsoho 50*1000*1000): Mahimmanci mafi ƙaranci. A ƙasa wannan, app ɗin ya kasa kare kansa sosai.
• OWNCLOUD_FREE_SPACE_BYTES (Tsoffin 250*1000*1000): Zazzagewar da ke barin faifai a ƙasan wannan mafari an tsallake su. Guji cika C: yayin aiki tare.

Bugu da ƙari, kuna iya iyakance haɗin kai (OWNCLOUD_MAX_PARALLEL) ko kuma lokacin (OWNCLOUD_TIMEOUT) idan kun kasance takaice akan albarkatun. Daidaita waɗannan dabi'u yana rage haɗarin ganin ƙaramin faɗakarwar sarari yayin cikakken aiki tare..

Wasu balloons na bayanin da za ku so ku yi shiru

Idan kuna neman rage karkatar da hankali akan kwamfutocin da aka sarrafa, zaku iya kashewa Classic Explorer Tooltips da balloons. a HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer ƙirƙirar DWORDs EnableBalloonTips y ShowInfoTip da sanya su 0. Wannan baya shafar binciken sararin samaniya kamar haka, amma yana rage yawan bugu cewa masu amfani gani.

Lokacin da ba don kashe kashedin ba

Yin shiru da sanarwar baya warware matsalar da ke gudana: rashin isasshen sarari. Idan C: ja ne ko ƙasa da 10-15%Ba da fifikon 'yantarwa da/ko faɗaɗawa. A kan sabar da kwamfutocin masu amfani, rashin sarari na iya katse wariyar ajiya, haifar da gazawar bayanai, dakatar da ayyuka, ko hana ku shigar da facin tsaro.

Ayyuka masu kyau don guje wa komawa zuwa wannan batu

• Jadawalin tsaftace lokaci-lokaci na fayilolin wucin gadi, rajistan ayyukan, da caches. Yi aiki da kai tare da ayyuka da rubutun.
• Rarraba bayanai da kundin tsarin don hana C: girma daga sarrafawa. Sanya bayanan martaba masu nauyi akan wata naúrar.
• Saka idanu % sarari kyauta tare da ƙididdiga ko kayan aikin lura da samar da faɗakarwa tare da gefe. Kar ku jira 200/80/50 MB.
• A kan sabobin da ke da software na verbose (BI, ETL, da sauransu), shirya jujjuyawar log da riƙewa. Ka guji tara abubuwan da ba zato ba tsammani.

A wasu mahalli na kamfani, Hakanan zaka iya daidaita fasalin tsarin da suka danganci ayyuka da sanarwa (Hasken Haske, shawarwari, telemetry) ta hanyar manufofin Intune/MDM. Ba sa kashe faɗakar da ƙananan sarari, amma suna taimakawa kiyaye hayaniyar a ƙarƙashin kulawa yayin da kuke magance tushen.

Ƙananan sanarwar sararin samaniya mai ceton rai ne lokacin da abubuwa suka ɓace, amma wani lokacin kawai kuna buƙatar yin shiru. Tare da ƙarfin hali NoLowDiskSpaceChecks Kuna iya yin wannan a tsafta kuma a sake juyawa a cikin Registry; kuma idan kun sarrafa jiragen ruwa, ƙaddamar da shi ta hanyar manufofi yana da sauƙi. Kar a manta da cewa mafita mai ɗorewa ita ce a yanta ko faɗaɗa sararin samaniya.: Tsaftace da kayan aikin Windows, daidaita ƙa'idodin da ke zazzagewa/ daidaitawa, jujjuya rajistan ayyukan (Tableau/sauran), kuma, idan ya cancanta, ƙara C: ta hanyar motsi cikin aminci. Yanzu kun sani  Yadda za a kashe sanarwar "Ƙananan sarari" a cikin Windows.