Yadda ake ƙaura daga Windows 10 zuwa Linux mataki-mataki

Shin kun san yadda ake yin ƙaura daga Windows 10 zuwa Linux mataki-mataki? Yin hijira daga Windows 10 zuwa Linux na iya zama kamar abin nadi na motsin rai da shakku, musamman idan kun shafe tsawon rayuwar ku ta amfani da tsarin aiki na Microsoft. Koyaya, ƙarin masu amfani suna zaɓar yin tsalle, ko saboda gajiya tare da sabuntawa akai-akai, tarin bayanai, ko ƙarin buƙatun kayan masarufi na sabbin sigogin Windows. Amma shin tsari ne mai rikitarwa? Me ya kamata a yi la’akari da shi don samun nasarar canji?

A cikin wannan labarin za ku samu Duk bayanan da kuke buƙatar canzawa daga Windows 10 zuwa Linux mataki-matakiDaga zabar rarraba ku, zuwa shirya kwamfutarku da rumbun kwamfutarka, zuwa shigarwa da saitin farko don tabbatar da sabon tsarin ku yana tafiya lafiya. Za mu bayyana shi duka a nan. tare da kalmomi na kusa kuma ba tare da fasaha mara amfani ba, da nufin samun ruwa, tsari kuma kamar yadda ba mai rauni ba kamar yadda zai yiwu.

Me yasa kayi ƙaura daga Windows 10 zuwa Linux?

Dalilan yin tsalle zuwa Linux suna da yawa kuma sun bambanta., kuma tabbas kuna da ɗayan ku. Ƙarshen tallafi na gabatowa don Windows 10 da isowar Windows 11 tare da ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatu sun sa masu amfani da yawa neman hanyoyin daban-daban. Bugu da kari, Linux yana ba da tsarin ba tare da ginanniyar tallace-tallace ba, ba tare da sabuntawar mamaki ba, kuma tare da babban iko akan bayanai..

Idan baku sani ba, Linux tsarin aiki ne na bude tushen, wanda ke nufin kowa zai iya dubawa, gyara, da rarraba lambar sa. Wannan yana fassara zuwa al'umma mai aiki, sabuntawa mai sauri, gyare-gyare mai yawa, kuma, sama da duka, babban tsaro da iko akan abin da ke faruwa akan kwamfutarka.

A gefe guda, Hijira ba ta da wahala kamar shekarun da suka gabata.Rarrabawa sun sami babban ci gaba a cikin amfani da gano kayan aiki, don haka tsarin ya zama mafi sauƙi idan aka kwatanta da tsoffin kwanakin.

Shirye-shirye kafin farawa: canza tunanin ku da aikace-aikacen ku

Kafin ka yi gaggawar shigar da Linux kuma ka goge Windows a cikin faɗuwar rana, akwai kaɗan Matakan farko da za su taimaka wajen kawo sauyi cikin wahala. Na farko shine shirya tsarin aikin kuAbu mafi mahimmanci ba shine tsarin aiki da kansa ba, amma aikace-aikacen da kuke amfani da su kowace rana. Yawancin kayan aikin da kuka yi amfani da su a cikin Windows ba su da juzu'i na Linux kai tsaye, amma akwai madaidaitan madadin.

Fara da maye gurbin aikace-aikacen da ba su dace ba akan ku Windows 10 ga sauran giciye-dandamali. Misali, canza Microsoft Office don LibreOffice u KASHIKA, Photoshop ta GIMP o alli, Editocin bidiyo kamar Sony Vegas don Kdenlive o ShotcutAna samun burauzar a kan dandamali guda biyu, don haka Chrome, Firefox, Edge, da sauransu ba su da matsala. Cire aikace-aikacen Windows-kawai kuma ku saba da waɗanda za su yi aiki akan Linux.Ta wannan hanyar, lokacin da kuka canza tsarin, ba lallai ne ku koyi komai daga karce ba.

Dole ne wannan tsari ya kasance mai yanke hukunci da tsattsauran ra'ayi: idan kun haɗa tsoffin aikace-aikacen da sababbi, ƙila a ƙarshe za a gwada ku don komawa Windows don jin daɗin abin da kuka sani.

Yi nazarin kayan aikin ku: Shin komai zai yi aiki akan Linux?

Wani mahimmin mataki shine tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin ku sun dace da LinuxKo da yake tallafi ya inganta sosai, wasu abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, musamman sabbin katunan zane, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka Wi-Fi, firintoci, ko na'urori daga samfuran da ba su haɗa kai ba, na iya haifar da matsala.

Da kyau, gwada rarraba Linux a yanayin Live kafin shigar da shi a kan rumbun kwamfutarka. Kusan duk rabe-rabe suna ba ku damar ƙirƙirar kebul na USB wanda za ku iya taya daga ciki ba tare da canza rumbun kwamfutarka ba, gwada aikin Wi-Fi, sauti, zane-zane, da ƙari. Ta wannan hanyar, za ku sani a gaba idan za a sami wasu batutuwan fasaha. Don ƙarin zurfin duba dacewa da kayan aiki, zaku iya ziyartar jagoran mu akan Menene rarraba Linux don masu farawa?.

Wasu masana'antun, kamar Corsair, da wasu katunan ɗaukar bidiyo, ba su ba da tallafi mai kyau ga Linux ba, kamar yadda direbobin Xbox da wasu masu sarrafa Canjawa suke yi, waɗanda ke jujjuyawar injiniya amma ƙila ba su da aiki. Idan kana amfani da takamaiman kayan aiki, la'akari da bincika wuraren taron ko tambaya kafin shiga.

Zaɓi rabon Linux ɗin da ya dace don ku

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali na Linux shine nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan da ake kira "rarrabuwa" ko "distros." Kowannensu yana da hanyarsa da salon sa, amma Mafi kyawun abokantaka shine Linux Mint da UbuntuSauran zaɓuɓɓuka, irin su Zorin OS, suna nufin su zama kama da Windows gwargwadon yiwuwa, amma al'ummarsu ta ɗan ƙaranci. Idan kuna son goyan baya da sauƙin amfani, zaɓi sanannen kuma ingantaccen bayanin distro. Don ƙarin bayani kan rarraba daban-daban da matakan wahalar su, duba wannan labarin akan .

Linux Mint An tsara shi musamman don masu amfani da ke fitowa daga Windows. Yana da sauƙi don amfani, yana jin saba, kuma yana da al'umma mai aiki wanda ke amsa tambayoyi da sauri. Yanayin Cinnamon ɗin sa yana tunowa da kwatankwacin tebur na Windows. Ubuntu, a gefe guda, shine sananne kuma yana da tarin tarin bayanai, kodayake yanayin hotonsa ya ɗan bambanta da abin da za ku gani a cikin Windows. Idan kun fi son wani abu mai kama da haka, Kubuntu (wani sigar Ubuntu tare da KDE) ko Zorin OS suma kyakkyawan zaɓi ne.

Ka tuna don bincika ko tsarin ku na 32-bit ko 64-bit, kodayake ba za ku sami matsala akan kwamfutocin zamani ba. LTS (Taimakon Dogon Lokaci) nau'ikan distros suna ba da kwanciyar hankali da tallafi na dogon lokaci, wanda aka ba da shawarar idan kuna son guje wa rikitarwa.

Yi daki: Rarraba faifan ku don shigar da Linux

Shigar da Linux ba lallai ba ne yana nufin cire Windows nan take. Mutane da yawa sun zaɓi abin da ake kira biyu boot, wanda ke ba ka damar zaɓar tsarin aiki da za ka yi amfani da shi a duk lokacin da ka kunna kwamfutarka. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar 'yantar da sarari a kan rumbun kwamfutarka daga Windows kafin shigarwa.

Bude kayan aiki Gudanarwar Windows Disk (Bincika "bangaro" a cikin menu na Fara.) Nemo babban faifan diski (yawanci C:) kuma danna-dama don rage shi. Sauran sarari zai bayyana a matsayin "Ba a kwance ba," wanda za ku yi amfani da shi don shigarwa na Linux. Yanke shawarar sarari nawa zaku daina—misali, 30–50 GB dangane da buƙatunku—kuma kuyi amfani da canjin. Wannan sarari zai kasance a shirye don amfani yayin shigarwa.

Shirya kebul ɗin bootable ɗin ku tare da hoton Linux

Mataki na gaba shine ƙirƙirar USB mai taya tare da ISO na rarrabawar da aka zaɓa. Zazzage hoton daga gidan yanar gizon distro na hukuma (kamar Mint, Ubuntu, Zorin, da sauransu). Ana ba da shawarar nau'ikan LTS don ƙarin kwanciyar hankali.

Don ƙona wannan hoton zuwa kebul na USB, yi amfani da kayan aiki kamar Rufus, wanda kyauta ne kuma ana amfani da shi sosai. Saka kebul na USB na akalla 4 GB, zaɓi shi a Rufus, loda ISO, sannan danna "Fara." Wannan tsari zai shafe duk bayanan da ke cikin kebul na USB, don haka adana abin da ke da mahimmanci.

Da zarar an shirya, sake kunna kwamfutarka tare da haɗin kebul na USB don fara shigarwa.

Boot kwamfutar daga kebul na USB: samun dama ga BIOS kuma zaɓi na'urar

Don taya daga kebul na USB, kuna iya buƙatar danna takamaiman maɓalli a farawa (yawanci F12, F8, ESC, da sauransu). Zaɓi kebul na USB azaman na'urar taya. A wasu lokuta, idan bai bayyana ba, kuna buƙatar canza fifiko a cikin saitunan BIOS ko UEFI.

A kan kwamfutoci tare da Secure Boot, yana iya zama dole a kashe shi idan rarrabawar bai dace ba. Rarraba kamar Ubuntu da Mint yawanci suna aiki tare da Secure Boot kunna, amma wasu na iya buƙatar kashe shi a cikin BIOS/UEFI.

Shigar Linux: Zaɓuɓɓuka da Matakai Yayin Tsarin

Lokacin yin booting daga kebul na USB, zaku iya gwada tsarin a yanayin Live ko shigar da shi kai tsaye. Ana ba da shawarar yin gwaji tukuna don tabbatar da cewa komai yana aiki daidai.

Yayin shigarwa, zaɓi yaren ku, shimfidar madannai, da haɗin Intanet idan kuna son zazzage sabuntawa da direbobi masu mallakar mallaka (kamar waɗanda ke katin zane ko Wi-Fi) yayin aikin shigarwa.

A cikin nau'in shigarwa, zaku iya zaɓar "Shigar tare da Windows 10» don kiyaye tsarin biyu biyu-booting ko «Goge diski kuma shigar da Linux»idan kana son cire Windows. Zaɓin ci gaba yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar ɓangarori na al'ada tare da tushen (/), musanya (canza) da / gida (/ gida) don fayilolinku.

Mai sakawa zai ba ku zaɓi don haɗawa da direbobi na ɓangare na uku da software, wanda aka ba da shawarar don tabbatar da cewa kun shirya don shigarwa.

Tsarin mai amfani da matakan shigarwa na ƙarshe

Yayin shigarwa, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar sunan mai amfani, kalmar sirri, da sunan kwamfutaAna buƙatar kalmar sirri don kare asusunku, kodayake kuna iya saita ta zuwa shiga ta atomatik. Hakanan zaka iya zaɓar yankin lokacin ku don saita agogon zuwa daidai lokacin. Idan kuna son koyon yadda ake sarrafa bayanan shaidarku amintacce, ziyarci jagorarmu akan .

Bayan kammalawa, tsarin zai sa ka sake yi, kuma a taya na gaba za ka iya zaɓar tsakanin Linux da Windows a cikin boot Manager.

Matakai na farko bayan shigar da Linux: sanin kanku da sabon yanayin ku

Lokacin fara Linux Mint ko Ubuntu, Za ku sami hanyar sadarwa ta zamani kuma mai sauƙin amfaniMenu na aikace-aikacen yana yawanci a kusurwar hagu na ƙasa, kama da menu na Fara a cikin Windows. Daga can, zaku iya nemo shirye-shirye, samun dama ga saitunan, da sarrafa windows.

Tsarin shigarwa da cire aikace-aikace a cikin Linux ya bambanta.. Yi amfani da ma'ajiyar rarrabuwa, waɗanda ke aiki azaman amintacce kuma kantin sayar da kyauta. Daga Manajan Software Ko daga layin umarni tare da dacewa, zaka iya ƙara ko cire shirye-shirye cikin sauƙi. Misali:

• Don sabunta shirye-shiryen: sudo apt sabuntawa
• Don shigar da sabbin aikace-aikace: Sudo apt shigar

Tsarin zai sanar da kai lokacin da akwai sabuntawa. Da fatan za a sabunta akai-akai don kiyaye tsaro da ingantaccen aiki.

Shigar da ƙa'idodin da kuka fi so kuma gano madadin akan Linux

Yawancin aikace-aikacen Windows suna da daidai a cikin Linux ko nau'ikan iri iri ɗaya, kamar:

• Masu bincike: Chrome, Firefox, Edge
• Aikin ofis: LibreOffice, OnlyOffice
• Hoto: GIMP, Krita
• Bidiyo: Kdenlive, Shotcut, OBS Studio
• Audio: Audacity
• Wasanni: Steam akan Linux yana ba ku damar yin wasanni da yawa, kodayake wasu suna buƙatar Windows.

Yi amfani da Manajan Software don bincika da sarrafa shirye-shiryenku, cin gajiyar nau'ikan hanyoyin kyauta da buɗaɗɗen madadin samuwa.

Sarrafa ɓangarori da hannu idan kuna son tsara tsarin

Idan kana son cikakken iko akan ƙungiyar faifai, zaɓi zaɓin ci-gaba na rarrabuwa yayin shigarwa. Ƙirƙiri ɓangaren tushe (/), daya daga cikin musayar (canza) da partition / gida don fayilolinku na sirri. Rarraba / gida yana ba ku damar sake shigar da Linux ba tare da rasa bayanai ko saitunan ba. Don zurfafa nutsewa cikin yadda ake sarrafa ɓangarori, zaku iya bincika jagorarmu akan madadin zuwa EaseUS Partition Master.

Tsayar da rarrabuwar / gida yana sa shigarwa ko haɓakawa na gaba cikin sauƙi kuma yana kiyaye fayilolinku lafiya a yanayin canje-canjen tsarin.

Me ke faruwa da fayilolinku da takaddunku?

Kafin shigarwa, adana mahimman fayilolinku. Idan kuna yin booting biyu, takaddun Windows ɗinku za su kasance daidai, amma koyaushe yana da kyau a adana mahimman fayiloli zuwa faifan waje. Linux na iya karantawa da rubutawa zuwa sassan NTFS, don haka zaku sami damar samun damar bayanan ku daga sabon tsarin. Koyaya, wasu shirye-shirye na musamman ko wasanni tare da kariyar kwafi na iya buƙatar Windows ta yi aiki yadda ya kamata. A waɗannan lokuta, kiyaye ɓangaren Windows kuma yi amfani da shi kawai idan ya cancanta.

Shin yana da kyau a saka Linux kawai ko kiyaye boot biyu?

Mutane da yawa suna amfani da Windows da Linux a cikin yanayin dual, amma idan kuna son samun mafi kyawun Linux, mafi kyawun zaɓi shine kuyi cikakken canji kuma ku bar Linux kadai. A gefe guda, idan kun dogara da takamaiman shirye-shirye ko wasanni, kiyaye Windows akan bangare ɗaya na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓi.

La'akari na Musamman: WSL, Hardware mai Matsala, da Wasa

Ga waɗanda kawai suke son gwada Linux ba tare da canza kwamfutar su ba, akwai WSL (Windows Subsystem don Linux). Yana ba ku damar gudanar da rarrabawa kamar Ubuntu ko Debian a cikin Windows, amma ba ya maye gurbin tsarin dual gabaɗaya.

Tallafin kayan aiki ya yi nisa, amma har yanzu matsaloli na iya tasowa tare da sabbin abubuwa ko na'urori na musamman. Tuntuɓi dandalin tattaunawa ko takaddun distro ɗin ku idan kuna da takamaiman tambayoyi.

Domin yan wasaWasu wasannin suna gudana da kyau akan Linux, amma wasu har yanzu suna fuskantar matsaloli, musamman waɗanda ke amfani da tsarin kariya na yaudara. A waɗannan lokuta, yana da kyau a zauna akan Windows don yin wasa ba tare da rikitarwa ba.

Nasihu don nasarar ƙaura

• Yi haƙuri da son koyoCanza tsarin na iya zama tsarin koyo, amma kuma mai matukar fa'ida.
• Nemi tallafi a cikin al'ummaDandalin don Ubuntu, Mint, da sauran distros suna ba da taimako mai mahimmanci. Bincike, yi tambayoyi, kuma karanta game da irin abubuwan da suka faru.
• Kada ku ji takaici idan wani abu bai zama cikakke ba a karon farko.An gina ƙwarewa ta hanyar fuskantar da shawo kan cikas.
• Sabunta tsarin ku akai-akai. Ci gaba da sabunta software ɗin ku don ingantaccen tsaro da aiki.

Kuma a cikin Windows 11?

Idan kun sabunta zuwa Windows 11Tsarin ƙaura zuwa Linux kusan iri ɗaya ne. Babban bambanci shine yadda kuke samun damar zaɓi don taya daga kebul na USB: dole ne ku yi amfani da "Farawa na ci gaba" na Windows ta hanyar riƙe maɓallin Shift kuma zaɓi Sake kunnawa. Jerin matakan don shigarwa ya kasance baya canzawa.

Tsarin ƙaura daga Windows 10 zuwa Linux ya zama mai sauƙi kuma mai sauƙi. Makullin shine tsarawa da kyau, zaɓi rarraba daidai, daidaita da sabbin aikace-aikace, kuma a shirye don koyo. Linux ba na ƙwararru ba ne kawai kuma ya zama zaɓi mai inganci kuma mai lada ga kowane mai amfani mai sha'awar gano sabbin damammaki.