Menene Rosetta 2 kuma ta yaya yake aiki akan Macs tare da guntuwar M1, M2, da M3?

Idan kana da Mac, ƙila ka ji labarin Rosette 2Wannan shi ne bangaren da ke ba da damar yawancin shirye-shirye masu tsayi don ci gaba da gudana tare da guntu na Apple. Rosetta 2 shine layin fassarar Apple don gudanar da aikace-aikacen Intel akan Apple SiliconKuma ko da yake yana aiki ba tare da gani ba, yana da daraja sanin yadda yake aiki, yadda ake shigar da shi, iyakokinta da abin da zai faru da shi a nan gaba.

A cikin layi na gaba za ku sami cikakken jagora, tare da dabaru na gaske da lokuta masu amfani. Za ku koyi yadda ake gano idan app yana buƙatar Rosetta, yadda ake shigar da shi ta atomatik ko daga Terminal, da fahimtar tasirinsa akan aiki da amfani da albarkatu., da ƙarin sashe idan kuna buƙatar dawo da bayanai bayan an kasa shigarwa.

Menene Rosetta 2 kuma menene amfani dashi?

Rosetta 2 fassarar binary ce mai ƙarfi wanda Apple ya ƙirƙira don macOS akan kwamfutoci tare da na'urorin sarrafa Apple Silicon. Manufarsa ita ce ta canza, a kan tashi ko a gaba, lambar ƙa'idodin da aka haɗa don Intel x86_64 zuwa umarnin ARM64. Chips Apple sun fahimta, don haka ana iya amfani da waɗannan aikace-aikacen ba tare da mai haɓakawa ya taɓa layin lamba ɗaya ba.

Ba app ɗin da kuka buɗe ko daidaita shi ba; a zahiri, ba za ku ga gunki a cikin Dock ko kwamitin zaɓi ba. Rosetta 2 yana kunnawa ta atomatik lokacin da ka buɗe aikace-aikacen da aka ƙera musamman don Intel.Yana fassara lambar ku kuma yana ba ku damar amfani da shi kamar babu abin da ya faru. A mafi yawan lokuta, halin yana bayyana ga mai amfani.

Ƙananan tarihi: daga asalin Rosetta zuwa Rosetta 2

Apple ya riga ya yi amfani da fasaha mai suna iri ɗaya yayin sauyawa daga PowerPC zuwa Intel a 2006. Wannan asalin Rosetta, wanda aka haɗa cikin Mac OS X Tiger, an fassara G3 da umarnin G4 (ciki har da AltiVec) amma ba G5 ba.Don haka, ƙa'idodin da suka dogara da tsarin koyarwa na G5 ba za su iya aiki ba sai dai idan masu haɓakawa sun daidaita su.

Tsohuwar sigar tana da ƙayyadaddun iyakoki: yawancin aikace-aikacen ƙididdigewa (misali, masu gano radiyo ko wasu wasannin bidiyo) sun lalace ko kuma sun yi daidai. Wasu ƙwararrun ƙa'idodin Apple na wancan lokacin (Final Cut Pro, Motion, Aperture, Logic Pro) suna buƙatar "haɓaka" zuwa binaries na duniya. don gudanar da asali a kan Intel maimakon tafiya ta Rosetta.

Akwai kuma dogon jerin abubuwan da ba su dace ba. Asalin Rosetta ba ta goyi bayan Muhalli na Classic (Mac OS 9 ko aikace-aikacen da suka gabata), kari na kernel, da software da suka dogara da su., masu adana allo, ƙa'idodin da ke buƙatar takamaiman keɓance kulawa, ko wasu ƙa'idodin Java (ciki har da wasu tare da ɗakunan karatu na JNI), a tsakanin wasu lokuta.

Dalilin fasaha na yawancin waɗannan ƙuntatawa yana cikin ƙirar su. Asalin Rosetta yayi aiki azaman tsarin sarari-mai amfani wanda kawai zai iya tsangwama da fassara lambar mai amfani, ba kamar tsohuwar 68k emulator (mafi yawan haɗuwa a cikin ƙaramin matakin tare da nanokernel), wanda ke nufin ƙarancin ɗaki don tsangwama wasu ayyukan tsarin kuma, a sake, ƙasa da haɗarin debugging da tsaro.

Yadda Rosetta 2 ke aiki akan macOS na yanzu

Rosetta 2 ya sabunta da kuma sake sabunta wannan ra'ayin don sauyawa daga Intel zuwa Apple Silicon. Yana fassara x86_64 binaries zuwa ARM64 kuma, a yawancin lokuta, yana aiwatar da fassarar turawa. A karon farko da ka bude app din, yana hanzarta aiwatar da hukuncin kisa. Tare da ƙa'idodin da aka mayar da hankali kan hulɗar mai amfani da matsakaicin nauyi, aiki yawanci yana da kyau sosai.

Apple har yanzu yana ba da shawarar neman nau'ikan asali a duk lokacin da zai yiwu da sanin su halayen kwamfutocin ARM. Ko da yake yawancin masu amfani ba sa lura da kowane bambance-bambancen aiki a bayyane, ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin ƙasa suna cin gajiyar yuwuwar guntu. kuma sun kasance suna cinye albarkatun ƙasa kaɗan, wanda kuma zai iya fassara zuwa ƙarancin kashe kuɗi.

Daidaitawa: yadda ake sanin idan app yana buƙatar Rosetta

macOS yana baka damar duba shi daga Mai Nema a cikin dakika. Zaɓi gunkin ƙa'idar, je zuwa Fayil> Sami Bayani, kuma duba filin Nau'i ko Class.Za ku ga ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun:

• Aikace-aikacen (Intel): Yana buƙatar Rosetta 2 don aiki akan Mac Apple-chip.
• Aikace-aikace (Universal): ya haɗa da binaries don Apple Silicon da Intel; baya buƙatar Rosetta kuma yana amfani da Apple Silicon ta tsohuwa.

Hakanan akwai akwati na musamman a cikin wasu apps na duniya. Zaɓin "Buɗe tare da Rosetta" yana ba da damar app na duniya don loda plug-ins ko kari waɗanda ba a daidaita su zuwa Apple Silicon ba tukuna.Idan ƙari ya daina bayyana ko baya aiki, fita daga ƙa'idar, kunna wannan zaɓi, sannan a sake gwadawa.

Rosetta 2 Shigarwa ta atomatik

Rosetta 2 yana samuwa ne kawai akan kwamfutocin Mac tare da guntu na Apple. Kuna buƙatar haɗin intanet don shigar da shi a karon farko.saboda macOS yana zazzage abubuwa daga sabar Apple.

1. Bude duk wani app da ke buƙatar sa. Idan app ɗin ya fara, an riga an shigar da Rosetta kuma tana aiki..
2. Idan ba'a shigar da shi ba, macOS zai nuna hanzari don saukar da shi. Danna Shigar kuma tabbatar da sunan mai amfani da kalmar wucewa don ba da izinin shigarwa.
3. Idan ka zaɓi "Ba yanzu", babu abin da zai faru; macOS zai sake tambayar ku lokacin da kuke ƙoƙarin buɗe wani app ɗin da ke buƙatar sa..

Idan sanarwar ba ta bayyana lokacin da ka buɗe app ɗin ba, yana iya zama saboda dalilai biyu: Ko dai an riga an shigar da Rosetta 2, ko kuma wannan aikace-aikacen baya buƙatar sa. saboda duniya ce ko ta asali ga Apple Silicon.

Shigarwa daga Terminal (ƙarfafa shigarwa)

A wasu al'amuran (misali, lokacin da babu Intel app yana haifar da shigarwa ko bayan gazawar), zaku iya shigar da Rosetta 2 daga Terminal. Buɗe Terminal kuma yi amfani da umarnin sabunta software:

softwareupdate --install-rosetta

Hakanan za ku ga jagororin da ke amfani da cikakken hanya kuma suna karɓar lasisi a cikin wannan umarni. Yana da inganci don gudanar da bambance-bambancen tare da hanya da karɓar lasisi:

/usr/sbin/softwareupdate --install-rosetta --agree-to-license

Tare da ɗayan ɗayan, idan akwai haɗin gwiwa kuma Mac shine Apple Silicon, An gama shigarwa cikin ƴan daƙiƙa kaɗan kuma Rosetta ya zama samuwa ga duk aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar sa..

Zuƙowa, PASCO Capstone da LockDown Browser akan Mac tare da M1/M2

Tambaya mai maimaitawa ita ce ko ƙa'idodin da aka yiwa lakabi da Intel 64 suna aiki akan Mac tare da guntu na Apple. Amsar gabaɗaya ita ce e, suna gudana ta amfani da Rosetta 2 muddin ba su dogara da haɓakar kwaya ko kayan aikin gado ba. Ba a goyan bayan Apple Silicon.

Game da takamaiman lokuta: Zuƙowa yana da sigar asali na Apple Silicon kuma yana aiki ta hanyar Rosetta 2 idan kun shigar da bambance-bambancen Intel.Ana ba da shawarar zazzage bugu na asali daga gidan yanar gizon su don mafi kyawun aiki.

Don PASCO Capstone da LockDown Browser (Cengage OEM), Idan an rarraba su a matsayin Intel 64 kuma ba su shigar da kexts ko direbobi marasa jituwa ba, yawanci za su yi aiki ta hanyar Rosetta 2.Koyaya, koyaushe bincika jagorar hukuma daga kowane mai bayarwa da sabbin nau'ikan.

Idan kuna da kokwanto, yi wannan rajistan: Bude app, kuma idan macOS ya sa ku shigar da Rosetta, kammala aikin; idan app ɗin ya buɗe ba tare da kurakurai ba, yana dacewa ta hanyar fassara.Hakanan zaka iya duba nau'in app kamar yadda aka yi bayani a baya a Samun Bayani.

"Buɗe tare da Rosetta" a cikin ƙa'idodin duniya

Akwai takamaiman akwatin da za ku gani a cikin wasu apps na duniya. Ƙaddamar da "Buɗe tare da Rosetta" yana haifar da ƙa'idar da ta riga ta zama asali don aiki a ƙarƙashin mai fassaraKuma yana da ma'ana lokacin da kake buƙatar amfani da ƙari, tsawo, ko plug-in wanda har yanzu bai dace da Apple Silicon ba.

Idan tsawo bai bayyana ba, gwada wannan: Rufe aikace-aikacen, duba akwatin, sake buɗe shi, kuma duba idan an gane abin da aka ƙara yanzu.Lokacin da aka sabunta wannan plugin ɗin, zaku iya cire alamar zaɓi don maido da aikin ɗan ƙasa.

Iyaka da lokuta marasa jituwa

Kodayake Rosetta 2 ya ƙunshi mafi yawan al'amuran masu amfani, ba duk abin da ake iya fassarawa ba. Kamar yadda yake a cikin canjin da ya gabata, mai fassara baya gudanar da kari na kernel ko software wanda ya dogara da su.haka kuma baya magance rashin mu'amalar kayan masarufi na gado.

Labarin Rosetta (na asali) ya jera keɓancewa da yawa waɗanda ke taimakawa fahimtar bayanin haɗarin. Abubuwan da ke biyo baya ba su dace ba: Muhalli na gargajiya, Mac OS 9 da ƙa'idodi na baya, wasu masu adana allo, ƙa'idodin da ke da ingantacciyar kulawa, da wasu binaries na Java tare da JNI.Rosetta 2, ko da yake ya fi na zamani, yana kiyaye ƙa'idar: duk wani abu da ke buƙatar ƙananan ƙananan matakan yawanci ana barin shi.

Bambance-bambance tare da sauran dacewa "yadudduka"

Rosetta 2 ba haɓakawa bane kuma ba kwaikwayo ne na gaba ɗaya na tsarin aiki na Intel ba. Yana Fassara x86_64 binaries mai amfani zuwa ARM64 don haka suna gudana akan macOSKoyaya, baya gudanar da Windows ko maye gurbin kayan aiki kamar haɓakawa ko fasahar Wine/CrossOver don apps daga wasu tsarin.

Wannan yana nufin cewa, misali, Ba za a iya amfani da Rosetta 2 don ƙaddamar da aikace-aikacen Windows baIdan kuna buƙatar software na Windows, dole ne ku yi amfani da ingantaccen aiki (lokacin da mai siyarwa ke goyan bayan ku), kwandon dacewa, ko injin Windows.

Samun da taswirar hanya

Bayan WWDC na baya-bayan nan, an sabunta takaddun jama'a da ke bayyana tsare-tsaren kulawa na Rosetta 2. Apple ya nuna cewa Rosetta 2 zai kasance kayan aiki na gaba ɗaya don ƙarin manyan sakewar macOS guda biyu (har zuwa macOS 27). don saukakawa masu haɓakawa don gama ƙaura apps ɗin su.

Fara tare da macOS 28, Apple yana shirin riƙe wani yanki na fasali na Rosetta 2 waɗanda aka tsara don tsofaffi, taken wasan da ba a kiyaye ba. wanda ya dogara da takamaiman macro ko shirye-shirye na Intel. Wannan nuance yana nuna janyewa a hankali daga amfani gaba ɗaya.

Takardar guda ɗaya ta sake nanata hakan macOS Tahoe zai zama sigar ƙarshe da ta dace da Macs na tushen IntelWaɗannan na'urori, duk da haka, za su sami ƙarin sabuntawar tsaro na tsawon shekaru uku. Kwamfutoci na Intel waɗanda ke dacewa da Tahoe sun haɗa da 2019 16-inch MacBook Pro, 2020 13-inch MacBook Pro (tare da tashar jiragen ruwa Thunderbolt 3 guda huɗu), 2020 27-inch iMac, da 2019 Mac Pro.

A layi daya, Apple yana sabunta labaran tallafi tare da kwanakin baya (misali, Fabrairu 12, 2025 a wurare daban-daban). Yana da kyau koyaushe ku tuntuɓi daftarin aiki na yankin ku don tabbatar da matakai da samuwa.tun da nuances na rubutu ko wurin na iya bambanta.

FAQ mai sauri

• Shin yana da lafiya don shigar da Rosetta 2 akan Mac tare da guntun Apple? Ee. Yana da wani jami'in Apple na hukuma da aka sauke daga sabobin su kuma an tsara shi don sauƙaƙe sauyawa. Ba software na ɓangare na uku ba ne kuma baya ƙara kowane fanni na bayyane.
• Shin Rosetta 2 na iya gudanar da aikace-aikacen Windows? A'a. Rosetta 2 kawai yana fassara macOS binaries da aka harhada don Intel zuwa ARM. Don ƙa'idodin Windows, kuna buƙatar haɓakawa, dacewa da Wine/CrossOver, ko wasu mafita, ya danganta da yanayin.
• Shin Rosetta 2 yana rage saurin Mac ko kuma zubar da baturin da sauri? Ya dogara da app. A galibin aikace-aikacen da ake amfani da su, tasirin yana da kankanta. A cikin ayyuka masu ƙarfi, yana iya ƙara yawan amfani da wutar lantarki da zafin jiki idan aka kwatanta da sigar asali. Idan akwai sigar Silicon Apple, shigar da shi.
• Ta yaya zan san idan app yana amfani da Rosetta a yanzu? Baya ga abin da kuka gani a Sami Bayani, duba ginshiƙin Nau'in ƙarƙashin Aikace-aikace a cikin Rahoton Tsarin. Idan ya ce Intel, zai yi aiki tare da Rosetta akan Apple Silicon; idan ya ce Universal ko Apple Silicon, aikace-aikacen asali ne.

A cikin ayyukan yau da kullun, Rosetta 2 ita ce mataimakiyar shiru wanda ke kiyaye apps da yawa a raye yayin da masu haɓakawa suka kammala ƙaura. Kawai buɗe shirye-shiryen ku na yau da kullun: idan ana buƙatar Rosetta, macOS zai gaya muku kuma ya shigar da shi.Lokacin da zai yiwu, ba da fifikon nau'ikan asali don samun mafi kyawun guntu na Apple kuma rage duk wani tasiri mai yuwuwar amfani da wutar lantarki ko ajiya.