Algorithm na rarrabawa Kayan aiki ne na asali a fagen koyon inji da kuma basirar wucin gadi. Babban aikinsa shine yin nazari bayanai, gano alamu da kuma sanya mutum abubuwa zuwa ga Rukuni da aka riga aka ayyana. Ana amfani da waɗannan algorithms a fannoni daban-daban, kamar ganowa wasikun banza, rabuwa abokan ciniki, ganewar asibiti da ganewa hotuna.
Menene rabe-raben algorithm?
Rarraba Algorithms nau'i ne na samfurin kulawa cikin koyon inji. Wannan yana nufin suna buƙatar saitin bayanan da aka yiwa lakabi da baya don koyo da aiwatarwa. hasashen. Manufarsa ita ce raba bayanai zuwa ajujuwa ko nau'i daban-daban ta yin nazari alamu da dangantaka a cikin bayanan horo.
Misali, algorithm rarrabuwa na iya bincika imel, gano wasu kalmomin shiga o tsarin rubutu, da kuma rarraba su a matsayin "spam" ko "ba spam." Wani yanayin al'ada shine a cikin ganewar asibiti, inda algorithm zai iya gano idan mai haƙuri yana da wata cuta bisa ga alamun na baya.
Babban nau'ikan algorithms rarrabuwa
Akwai nau'ikan algorithms rarrabuwa da yawa, kowannensu yana da halaye na musamman waɗanda ke sa su fi dacewa da wasu nau'ikan matsalolin:
- Rarraba masu layi-layi: Wannan nau'in ya haɗa da ƙira irin su koma baya na logistic da injunan tallafi (SVM). Babban fasalinsa shine ikon raba bayanai zuwa azuzuwan daban-daban ta amfani da iyaka ko mafi kyau duka hyperplane.
- Bishiyoyin yanke shawara: Tsarin bayanai ne masu matsayi waɗanda ke rarraba bayanan da aka saita zuwa ƙasƙanci dangane da su takamaiman yanayi. A bayyane suke da sauƙin fassara.
- Dajin Bazuwar: An ci-gaba version of yanke shawara itatuwa, shi hadawa mahara itatuwa don inganta da daidaito na samfurin.
- Cibiyoyin sadarwa na jijiyoyi: An yi amfani da su a cikin matsaloli masu rikitarwa, waɗannan cibiyoyin sadarwa suna kwaikwayon aikin na kwakwalwar ɗan adam don gano tsarin da ba na layi ba.
- Maƙwabta Mafi Kusa (KNN): Rarraba bayanai bisa ga kusanci zuwa mafi kusa maki a cikin fasalin sarari.
Aikace-aikace na ainihi na algorithms rarrabawa
Algorithms na rarrabuwa suna da aikace-aikace masu amfani a fannoni daban-daban:
- Gano Saƙonnin Wasiku: Masu tace imel suna amfani da algorithms rarrabuwa don tantance abubuwan saƙonni da kuma ƙayyade idan sun kasance spam ko a'a.
- Ganewar lafiya: Suna taimakawa ganowa cututtuka bisa ga alamu, bayanan asibiti da tarihin likita.
- Gane hoto: Rarraba hotuna zuwa ajujuwa kamar mutane, abubuwa o dabbobi a aikace-aikace kamar tagging na hoto ta atomatik.
- Nazarin Ji: Suna rarraba ra'ayoyin kan layi ko sharhi a matsayin tabbatacce, mara kyau ko tsaka tsaki dangane da abun ciki.
Bambance-bambance tsakanin rarrabawa da koma baya
Rarraba sau da yawa yana rikicewa da koma-baya. Kodayake ana kula da nau'ikan nau'ikan algorithms guda biyu, suna amfani da dalilai daban-daban:
- Rarrabawa: Hasashensa lakabi masu hankali. Misali, tantance ko abokin ciniki zai sayi samfur (e ko a'a).
- Komawa baya: Hasashensa ci gaba da dabi'u. Misali, kimanta adadin samfuran da abokin ciniki zai saya.
Misali mai amfani zai kasance yin hasashen ko mutum zai kalli fim (rating) da sau nawa zai kalli shi (regression).
Muhimmancin zaɓar madaidaicin algorithm
Zaɓin daidaitaccen algorithm ya dogara da matsalar da za a warware, da yanayin data da kuma darajar da daidaito nema. Misali, masu rarraba layin layi kamar SVMs sun dace don bayanai masu sauƙi, yayin da hanyoyin sadarwar jijiyoyi sun fi dacewa da matsaloli masu rikitarwa kamar tantance magana ko hoto.
Bugu da ƙari, yana da mahimmanci don kimantawa da daidaita ma'auni na algorithms don cimma kyakkyawan aiki. Yi amfani da dabaru irin su tabbatarwa ta hanyar giciye da ma'auni kamar daidaito, farfadowa da F1-maki na iya taimakawa wajen ƙayyade tasiri na samfurin.
Algorithm na rarrabuwa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen magance matsalolin da ke buƙatar yanke shawara na tushen bayanai, tallafawa komai daga yaƙin neman zaɓe zuwa binciken likita, koyaushe tare da manufar canza bayanai zuwa bayanai masu amfani da aiki.
Ni mai sha'awar fasaha ne wanda ya mayar da sha'awar "geek" zuwa sana'a. Na shafe fiye da shekaru 10 na rayuwata ta yin amfani da fasaha mai mahimmanci da kuma yin amfani da kowane nau'i na shirye-shirye saboda tsantsar son sani. Yanzu na kware a fasahar kwamfuta da wasannin bidiyo. Wannan shi ne saboda sama da shekaru 5 ina yin rubutu a gidajen yanar gizo daban-daban kan fasaha da wasannin bidiyo, ina ƙirƙirar kasidu da ke neman ba ku bayanan da kuke buƙata cikin yaren da kowa zai iya fahimta.
Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi, ilimina ya bambanta daga duk wani abu da ya shafi tsarin aiki na Windows da kuma Android don wayoyin hannu. Kuma alƙawarina shine a gare ku, koyaushe a shirye nake in yi ƴan mintuna kaɗan in taimaka muku warware duk wata tambaya da kuke da ita a duniyar Intanet.