A cikin duniyar dijital da muke rayuwa a ciki, adana fayilolin mu yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka aiki da aiki a cikin ayyukanmu na yau da kullun. Daya daga cikin mafi asali da tasiri hanyoyin da za a cimma wannan shi ne ta hanyar ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli. A cikin wannan labarin za mu bincika mahimman abubuwan fasaha a bayan yadda ake ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli, ba ku damar haɓaka tsarin ajiyar ku da shiga cikin sauri. fayilolinku lokacin da kuke buƙatar su. Gano yadda ake ƙware wannan muhimmin kayan aiki da haɓaka ikon sarrafa takaddun dijital ku yadda ya kamata.
1. Gabatarwa ga ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli: duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani
Ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli aiki ne na asali kuma na asali a kowane tsarin aiki. Ko kuna shirya naku fayilolin sirri ko sarrafa takardu a wurin aiki, sanin yadda ake ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli da kyau yana da mahimmanci don kiyaye tsarin fayil mai tsari da sauƙaƙe samun damar bayanan da kuke buƙata.
A cikin wannan sashe, za mu ba ku cikakken jagora kan yadda ake ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli akan tsarin aiki daban-daban, daga Windows zuwa macOS da Linux. Za mu bincika matakan da suka wajaba don ƙirƙirar sabon babban fayil, duka biyun a kan tebur kamar yadda yake cikin sauran manyan fayilolin da ke akwai. Ƙari ga haka, za mu ba ku shawarwari masu taimako kan zabar sunaye masu dacewa da amfani da ƙarin kayan aiki don inganta aikinku.
Ga waɗanda suke sababbi ga duniyar tsarin fayil, za mu kuma haɗa da misalai masu amfani waɗanda ke nuna yadda ake ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli masu alaƙa da nau'ikan daban-daban, kamar aiki, karatu, ko ayyukan sirri. Ko kai mafari ne ko gogaggen mai amfani, wannan jagorar za ta taimaka maka ƙware ƙirƙira manyan fayiloli da kiyaye fayilolinku yadda ya kamata.
2. Matakai don ƙirƙirar babban fayil akan na'urarka
Don ƙirƙirar babban fayil akan na'urarka, bi waɗannan matakai masu sauƙi:
1. Buɗe aikace-aikacen sarrafa fayil akan na'urarka. Kuna iya samun shi a cikin babban menu ko a kan allo da farko.
2. Da zarar kun kasance cikin aikace-aikacen sarrafa fayil, bincika zuwa wurin da kuke son ƙirƙirar babban fayil ɗin. Yana iya zama a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar na'urar ko akan katin SD idan akwai. Yi amfani da zaɓin kewayawa ko sandar bincike don nemo wurin.
3. Da zarar ka nemo wurin da ake so, danna alamar "Create new folder" ko kuma zaɓi zaɓin "New folder" daga menu mai saukewa. Daga nan za a umarce ka da ka shigar da sunan babban fayil ɗin.
3. Ƙungiyar fayil: me yasa yake da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli?
Ƙungiyar fayil wani muhimmin al'amari ne a cikin gudanarwa da sarrafa bayanan dijital. Yayin da adadin fayilolin da muke ɗauka akan na'urorinmu ke ƙaruwa, yana ƙara zama mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli da tsara su yadda ya kamata.
Ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli yana ba mu damar rarrabuwa da rarraba fayilolin mu bisa ga ma'auni daban-daban, kamar nau'in fayil, batun ko kwanan wata ƙirƙira. Wannan yana sauƙaƙe bincike da dawo da fayiloli a lokacin da muke buƙatar su, don haka guje wa asarar lokaci da takaici na rashin gano abin da muke nema. Bugu da kari, yana taimaka mana kiyaye na'urorin mu da tsari kuma ba su da matsala.
Akwai fa'idodi da yawa don ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli. Da farko, yana ba mu damar kiyaye fayilolin mu a cikin tsari da tsari. Wannan yana da amfani musamman lokacin aiki akan ayyukan da suka ƙunshi fayiloli masu alaƙa da yawa. Ta hanyar haɗa su a cikin takamaiman babban fayil, za mu iya samun damar duk abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da sauri.
4. Binciko hanyoyin ƙirƙirar babban fayil daban-daban
Hanyoyin ƙirƙirar babban fayil na iya bambanta dangane da tsarin aiki da kake amfani da su. A ƙasa muna gabatar da wasu hanyoyin gama gari don ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli akan tsarin aiki daban-daban.
A cikin Windows, akwai hanyoyi da yawa don ƙirƙirar babban fayil. Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce danna-dama a inda kake son ƙirƙirar babban fayil ɗin kuma zaɓi "Sabon Jaka" daga menu mai saukewa. Hakanan zaka iya ƙirƙirar babban fayil ta amfani da mai binciken fayil. Ka bude fayil Explorer, kewaya zuwa wurin da kake son ƙirƙirar babban fayil ɗin, danna dama kuma zaɓi "Sabon Jaka."
A kan macOS, zaku iya ƙirƙirar babban fayil daga Mai nema. Kuna buɗe Mai Nema, kewaya zuwa wurin da ake so, danna dama kuma zaɓi "New Folder." Hakanan zaka iya amfani da gajeriyar hanyar keyboard "Cmd + Shift + N" don ƙirƙirar sabon babban fayil a ko'ina.
A Linux, hanyar ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli kuma na iya bambanta dangane da rarrabawar da kuke amfani da ita. Kuna iya ƙirƙirar babban fayil daga layin umarni ta amfani da umarnin "mkdir folder_name". Hakanan zaka iya danna dama inda kake son ƙirƙirar babban fayil ɗin kuma zaɓi "Ƙirƙiri Jaka" daga menu mai saukewa.
Ka tuna cewa ainihin hanyar da ka ƙirƙiri manyan fayiloli na iya ɗan bambanta akan kowane tsarin aiki. Waɗannan su ne wasu hanyoyin gama-gari waɗanda za ku iya amfani da su. Yana da kyau koyaushe a tuntuɓi takaddun hukuma ko yin takamaiman bincike akan layi tsarin aikinka idan kun ci karo da wata wahala. Muna fatan waɗannan hanyoyin suna da amfani a gare ku yayin da kuke bincika hanyoyi daban-daban na ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli!
5. Yadda ake ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli a Windows: cikakken jagorar mataki-mataki
A ƙasa akwai cikakken jagora mataki-mataki kan yadda ake ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli a cikin Windows. Ta bin waɗannan matakai masu sauƙi, za ku sami damar tsarawa da rarraba fayilolinku a kan kwamfutarka yadda ya kamata.
1. Bude Fayil Explorer: Don farawa, danna gunkin Fayil Explorer akan taskbar Windows ko danna maɓallan Nasara + E a kan madannai don buɗe shi kai tsaye. Wannan zai ba ka damar kewaya fayiloli da manyan fayiloli akan kwamfutarka.
2. Kewaya zuwa wurin da ake so: Yi amfani da tsarin babban fayil don kewaya zuwa wurin da kake son ƙirƙirar sabon babban fayil. Misali, idan kuna son ƙirƙirar babban fayil akan tebur ɗinku, danna "Desktop" a cikin sashin "Sauƙar Samun Sauri" ko kewaya zuwa "Wannan PC" sannan zaɓi "Desktop."
6. Ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli akan Mac: Tukwici da Dabaru
Ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli akan Mac aiki ne na asali amma mahimmanci don tsara fayilolinku yadda ya kamata. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu samar muku da nasihu da dabaru don haɓaka aikinku yayin ƙirƙira da sarrafa manyan fayiloli akan Mac ɗinku.
1. Yi amfani da gajerun hanyoyin madannai: Mac yana ba da gajerun hanyoyin keyboard da yawa waɗanda ke hanzarta aikin ƙirƙirar babban fayil. Kuna iya amfani da Umurnin + Shift + N don ƙirƙirar sabon babban fayil a cikin Mai nema ko akan tebur ɗin ku. Idan kana son ƙirƙirar babban fayil a cikin wani babban fayil, kawai zaɓi babban fayil ɗin iyaye kuma latsa Umurnin + Shift + N kuma.
2. Keɓance gumakan babban fayil: Hanya mai amfani don bambance manyan fayiloli ita ce ta hanyar tsara gumakan su. Danna dama a babban fayil ɗin da kake son gyarawa, zaɓi "Sami Bayani," sannan ka ja hoton da ka zaɓa zuwa gunkin da ke saman hagu na taga bayanin. Wannan zai ba ku damar sanya gunkin al'ada zuwa babban fayil ɗin kuma ya sauƙaƙe don gano gani.
3. Yi amfani da lakabi masu launi: Wata hanya don tsara manyan fayilolinku akan Mac shine ta amfani da lakabi masu launi. Dama danna babban fayil, zaɓi "Labels" kuma zaɓi launi da ake so. Kuna iya sanya launuka daban-daban zuwa manyan fayiloli daban-daban dangane da abun ciki ko mahimmancinsu. Wannan zai taimaka maka da sauri gano babban fayil ɗin da kake buƙata a kallo.
7. Yadda ake tsara takardunku da manyan fayiloli a Google Drive
Don tsara takaddun ku da kyau a kan Google Drive, yana da mahimmanci don amfani da manyan fayiloli. Jakunkuna suna ba ku damar rukuni da rarraba fayilolinku bisa takamaiman nau'ikan ko jigogi, yana ba ku sauƙin samu da samun damar bayanan da kuke buƙata. Na gaba, za mu nuna muku mataki-mataki.
Mataki na 1: Shiga shafinka Asusun Google Fitar da shiga idan ba ku riga kuka yi ba. Kuna iya yin hakan ta hanyar gidan yanar gizon Google Drive ko ta amfani da aikace-aikacen hannu akan na'urar ku.
Mataki na 2: Da zarar kun kasance a cikin asusun Google Drive, danna maɓallin "Sabon" kuma zaɓi zaɓi "Jaka" daga menu mai saukewa. Za a ƙirƙiri sabon babban fayil a cikin babban kundin adireshin ku na Google Drive.
Mataki na 3: Yanzu, suna sunan babban fayil ɗin ku kuma saita ganuwa da zaɓuɓɓukan izini bisa ga abubuwan da kuke so. Kuna iya zaɓar ko kuna son babban fayil ɗin ya zama na sirri, rabawa, ko na jama'a. Da zarar kun saita wannan, danna maɓallin "Create" don gama ƙirƙirar babban fayil ɗin.
8. Muhimmancin sanya sunayen manyan fayiloli da fayilolinku da kyau
Daidaitaccen suna na manyan fayilolinku da fayilolinku yana da mahimmanci don tsara takaddun ku da kyau da sauƙaƙe binciken bayanai. Bugu da ƙari, zai taimake ka ka guje wa rudani da kurakurai lokacin raba fayiloli tare da wasu masu amfani. Anan akwai wasu shawarwari don sanyawa manyan fayilolinku suna da kyau:
1. Kasance a bayyane kuma bayyananne: Yi amfani da sunaye waɗanda ke nuna abin da ke cikin babban fayil ko fayil a taƙaice. Ka guji amfani da jumlar kalmomi ko shubuha waɗanda zasu iya haifar da ruɗani. Alal misali, maimakon sanya wa babban fayil suna "Takardu," yana da kyau a yi amfani da "Takardun Ayyukan XYZ."
2. Yi amfani da ƙa'idodin suna: Ƙirƙirar tsarin suna zai taimaka maka kiyaye daidaito a cikin manyan fayiloli da fayilolinku. Misali, zaku iya amfani da tsarin alamar alama kamar prefixes ko kari don rarraba takardu ta nau'i ko nau'i.
3. Guji haruffa na musamman da farar sarari: Don guje wa matsalolin daidaitawa tsakanin tsarin aiki daban-daban, yana da kyau kada a yi amfani da haruffa na musamman ko farar sarari a cikin sunayen manyan fayiloli da fayilolinku. Madadin haka, yi amfani da jakunkuna (_) ko saƙa (-) don raba kalmomi.
Ka tuna cewa madaidaicin suna na manyan fayilolinku da fayilolinku zai cece ku lokaci kuma ku guje wa rudani lokacin bincike ko raba bayanai. Bi waɗannan shawarwari don kiyaye tsari da ingantaccen tsari wajen sarrafa takaddun ku.
9. Yadda ake keɓance kaddarorin manyan fayiloli don ingantaccen tsari
Keɓance kaddarorin babban fayil babbar hanya ce don tsara fayilolinku da haɓaka aikinku. Na gaba, za mu nuna muku yadda zaku iya keɓance waɗannan kaddarorin don haɓaka ƙungiyar ku:
- Zaɓi babban fayil ɗin da kuke son keɓancewa: Buɗe Fayil Explorer kuma kewaya zuwa wurin babban fayil ɗin da kuke son tsarawa. Danna-dama akan shi kuma zaɓi "Properties" daga menu mai saukewa.
- Canja sunan babban fayil ɗin: A cikin "General" tab na taga kaddarorin, zaku ga filin rubutu inda zaku iya canza sunan babban fayil. Yi amfani da bayanin suna wanda ke taimaka muku gano abubuwan cikinsa da sauri.
- Ƙara bayanin zuwa babban fayil: A cikin wannan shafin “General”, zaku sami filin rubutu mai suna “Comments”. Yi amfani da shi don ƙara ɗan gajeren bayani mai taimako game da abubuwan da ke cikin babban fayil ɗin. Misali, zaku iya haɗa bayanai game da aikin fayilolin da ke cikin sa.
Baya ga waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan asali, kuna iya keɓance kaddarorin babban fayil ta amfani da lakabi ko launuka don bambanta su ta gani. Wannan yana da amfani musamman idan kuna da manyan fayiloli masu alaƙa da yawa.
Don ƙara alama zuwa babban fayil, kawai danna-dama akansa, zaɓi "Properties" kuma je zuwa shafin "Tags". Anan zaka iya zaɓar lakabin launi ko ƙirƙirar na al'ada. Sanya lakabin da kuke ganin ya dace don gano nau'in abun ciki da sauri ko fifikon babban fayil ɗin.
10. Magance matsalolin gama gari yayin ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli da yadda ake guje musu
Ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli babban aiki ne na gama gari lokacin aiki akan ƙungiya ko tsara abun ciki a kwamfuta. Duk da haka, wasu lokuta matsaloli suna tasowa wanda zai iya sa wannan tsari ya yi wahala. A ƙasa akwai wasu hanyoyin magance matsalolin gama gari lokacin ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli da shawarwari don guje musu.
Matsala ta 1: Ba a ƙirƙira babban fayil ɗin daidai ba. Idan lokacin da kake ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar babban fayil, ba ya ƙirƙira ko saƙon kuskure ya bayyana, akwai wasu matakan da za ku iya ɗauka don magance wannan matsala. Da farko, tabbatar cewa kana da izini masu dacewa don ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli a wurin da ake so. Hakanan, tabbatar da cewa sunan babban fayil ɗin baya ƙunshi haruffa na musamman ko sarari mara kyau. Hakanan zaka iya gwada ƙirƙirar babban fayil ɗin a wani wuri daban ko sake kunna kwamfutarka.
Matsala ta 2: Babban fayil ɗin yana wurin da bai dace ba. Wani lokaci yana iya faruwa cewa babban fayil ɗin da kuka ƙirƙira baya cikin wurin da ake tsammani. Don warware wannan, duba hanyar da aka nufa lokacin ƙirƙirar babban fayil ɗin kuma tabbatar kun zaɓi wurin da ake so daidai. Idan babban fayil ɗin an ƙirƙiri shi a wurin da bai dace ba, zaku iya yankewa ku liƙa zuwa wurin da ya dace. Hakanan, ku tuna amfani da suna mai siffatawa ga babban fayil ɗin don taimaka muku samun ta cikin sauƙi daga baya.
Matsala ta 3: Babban fayil ɗin ya lalace ko ba zai iya shiga ba. Idan ka ga cewa babban fayil ya lalace ko ba za ka iya shiga cikin abin da ke ciki ba, kana iya buƙatar ɗaukar wasu ƙarin matakai don gyara shi. Da farko, gwada gyara babban fayil ɗin ta amfani da kayan aikin gyara fayil ko software na musamman. Idan wannan bai yi aiki ba, zaku iya gwada dawo da babban fayil ɗin daga madadin baya. A nan gaba, yi la'akari da kunna madadin atomatik don hana asarar bayanai idan akwai matsaloli.
11. Yadda ake kare manyan fayilolinku da kalmomin shiga da izinin shiga
Don kare manyan fayilolinku da kalmomin shiga da izini, akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa da zaku iya amfani da su. Ga jagorar mataki-mataki kan yadda ake aiwatar da wannan aikin:
1. Yi amfani da software na ɓoye fayil: Zaɓin abin dogara shine amfani da software na ɓoye fayil, kamar VeraCrypt ko BitLocker. Waɗannan kayan aikin suna ba ku damar ƙirƙirar akwati mai kariyar kalmar sirri inda zaku iya adana fayilolinku da manyan fayiloli lafiya. Ba za a iya isa ga waɗannan fayilolin rufaffiyar ba tare da madaidaicin kalmar sirri ba.
2. Aiwatar da izinin shiga cikin Windows: Idan kuna amfani da Windows, zaku iya saita izinin shiga don manyan fayilolinku. Dama danna babban fayil ɗin da kake son karewa, zaɓi "Properties" kuma je zuwa shafin "Tsaro". Anan zaka iya ƙara ko cire masu amfani da saita izini masu dacewa, kamar karantawa, rubuta ko gyarawa. Tabbatar saita kalmomin sirri masu ƙarfi don masu amfani waɗanda ke da damar shiga babban fayil ɗin.
12. Dacewar amfani da gajerun hanyoyi da gajerun hanyoyi zuwa manyan fayilolinku
Yin amfani da gajerun hanyoyi da gajerun hanyoyi zuwa manyan fayilolinku na iya zama masu dacewa sosai idan ana batun tsarawa da saurin shiga fayilolinku da aka fi amfani da su. A cikin wannan sakon, za mu nuna muku yadda ake amfani da mafi yawan waɗannan fasalulluka a cikin tsarin aikinku.
Da farko, yana da mahimmanci ku san kanku da umarnin madannai don ƙirƙirar gajerun hanyoyin kai tsaye. Misali, a cikin Windows zaku iya ƙirƙirar gajeriyar hanya zuwa babban fayil ta hanyar zaɓar ta kawai kuma danna Ctrrl + Shift + N. A kan macOS, zaku iya kiran babban fayil ta hanyar jan shi yayin riƙe ƙasa Zaɓi.
Wani zaɓi kuma shine don tsara gajeriyar hanya gwargwadon bukatunku. Kuna iya sanya takamaiman gajerun hanyoyi zuwa wasu manyan fayiloli ko ma takamaiman fayiloli. Misali, a cikin Windows, zaku iya danna dama akan babban fayil, zaɓi "Properties" kuma a cikin "Gajeren hanya" shafin sanya haɗin maɓallin zaɓin da kuke so. A cikin macOS, zaku iya danna dama-dama wanda aka fi sani da babban fayil, zaɓi "Sami Bayani," kuma a cikin sashin "Gajeren Hanya" sanya haɗin maɓallin.
13. Yadda ake daidaitawa da raba manyan fayiloli tsakanin na'urori da dandamali
Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don aiki tare da raba manyan fayiloli tsakanin na'urori da dandamali. A ƙasa, za mu yi bayani mataki-mataki yadda za a magance wannan matsala.
1. Yi amfani da sabis na girgije: Daya daga cikin shahararrun zaɓuɓɓuka shine amfani da ayyuka kamar Dropbox, Google Drive ko Microsoft OneDrive. Waɗannan dandamali suna ba ku damar adana manyan fayilolinku da fayilolinku a cikin gajimare, sannan ku shiga su daga kowace na'ura mai haɗin Intanet. Don daidaita babban fayil, kawai ja da sauke shi zuwa babban fayil ɗin da ke cikin asusunka akan dandalin da kuka zaɓa. Tabbatar cewa an shigar da madaidaicin app akan duk na'urorin da kuke son daidaitawa.
2. Yi amfani da shirye-shiryen aiki tare: wani zaɓi shine yin amfani da shirye-shirye na musamman a aiki tare da babban fayil. Waɗannan shirye-shiryen suna ba ku damar saita takamaiman dokoki da saituna don daidaita manyan fayilolinku ta atomatik na'urori daban-daban. Wasu mashahuran misalan su ne FreeFileSync, SyncBack, da GoodSync. Don amfani da waɗannan shirye-shiryen, kawai shigar da su akan na'urorin da kuke son daidaitawa, zaɓi manyan fayilolin da kuke son daidaitawa, sannan saita ƙa'idodin daidaitawa.
14. Nasihu don kiyaye manyan fayilolinku da tsari da inganta su a kowane lokaci
A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gabatar muku da jerin jerin. Ƙungiyar babban fayil shine mabuɗin don tabbatar da samun damar fayilolinku da sauƙin samu. Bugu da kari, inganta manyan fayiloli zai ba ku damar adana lokaci da albarkatu yayin aiki akan kwamfutarku.
Don farawa, yana da mahimmanci a kafa tsari mai ma'ana da daidaiton babban fayil. Wannan yana nufin cewa yakamata ku ƙirƙiri manyan manyan fayiloli waɗanda ke wakiltar manyan nau'ikan fayilolinku sannan manyan manyan fayiloli waɗanda suka dace da waɗannan rukunan. Alal misali, idan kuna aiki akan aikin ƙira, kuna iya samun babban babban fayil mai suna "Project Design" sannan kuma manyan fayiloli na kowane lokaci na aikin, kamar "Sketches," "Ƙarshen Zane-zane," da "Abubuwa." Wannan zai ba ku damar gano fayilolin da kuke buƙata da sauri ba tare da shiga cikin dukkan manyan fayiloli ba.
Ƙari ga haka, yana da kyau a yi amfani da sunaye masu siffantawa don manyan fayiloli da fayilolinku. Wannan zai sa bincike da tsarawa ya fi sauƙi. Guji sunaye na yau da kullun kamar "Takardu" ko "Fayloli daban-daban." Maimakon haka, yi amfani da sunaye waɗanda ke nuna abubuwan da ke cikin fayiloli ko manyan fayiloli, kamar su "Rahoton Kwata-kwata" ko "Hotunan Hutu." Ta wannan hanyar, zaku iya gano nau'in abun ciki da sauri a cikin kowane babban fayil da wane fayil kuke nema.
A taƙaice, ƙirƙirar manyan fayiloli babban aiki ne na asali amma muhimmin aiki don tsarawa da samun dama ga fayilolin dijital da takaddun mu. Ta bin matakai da shawarwarin da muka ambata a cikin wannan labarin, za ku sami damar yin saurin ƙware wannan fasaha akan tsarin aiki da kuka fi so. Ka tuna cewa yin amfani da hazaka na manyan fayiloli zai ba ka damar samun ingantaccen aiki mai fa'ida da kiyaye fayilolinka a tsara su kuma cikin isarsu. Don haka kada ku yi shakka a yi amfani da wannan ilimin a aikace kuma ku more tsari da ingantaccen yanayin aiki. Sa'a!
Ni Sebastián Vidal, injiniyan kwamfuta mai sha'awar fasaha da DIY. Bugu da ƙari, ni ne mahaliccin tecnobits.com, inda nake raba koyaswar don sa fasaha ta fi dacewa da fahimtar kowa ga kowa.