- Ua hōʻoia ʻo NASA a me ESA ʻo 3I/ATLAS he comet interstellar me ka pilikia ʻole o ka Honua
- Ka hoʻolaha ʻike nui: Mars, STEREO, SOHO, PUNCH, Psyche, Lucy, Hubble a me Webb
- Hoʻohui kaulana i CO₂ a me ka hana me nā jet paʻakikī a me nā huelo, i loko o nā manaʻo
- ʻO kahi kokoke loa i ka Honua ma Dekemaba 19, ma kahi o 274 miliona mau kilomita
El kometa waena 3I/ATLAS ua hoʻolana a ʻO ka hoʻolaha ʻike ʻike ʻole ʻia e NASA a me ESAme nā mea kani i puʻunaue ʻia a puni ka Pūnaehana Lā. Mai ʻEulopa, hilinaʻi ka huli ʻana i ka ke komo ʻana o nā mikiona nui a me nā mea nānā, e hoʻoikaika ana i ka hana o ke kaiāulu ʻepekema ma Sepania a me ka EU ma ka ke aʻo ʻana i kēia mau malihini kipa.
Ua ʻōlelo hou nā keʻena lewa i kēia he kometa maoli, me nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono loa me nā kometa ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ʻO kona kumu ma waho o ko mākou kaiāulu he manawa kūpono loa iaʻAʻohe hōʻailona ʻenehana a i ʻole nā hōʻailona anomali: Mālama ka mea i kahi alahele a me ka hana i kūpono i nā kumu hoʻohālike o ka degassing i kona hookokoke ana i ka La.
He aha ka 3I/ATLAS a pehea i ʻike ʻia ai?
ʻO 3I/ATLAS ke kolu o nā mea interstellar i ʻike ʻia e hele ana i kā mākou Pūnaehana Lā, ma hope o 1I/ʻOumuamua a me 2I/Borisov. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma Iulai 1 e ka ATLAS (Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System), kahi pūnaewele kelepona i kākoʻo ʻia e NASA ma kekahi mau ʻāina, me kekahi ma ka mauna Teide (Sepania)... ma waho aʻe o nā hale hana ma Chile. Ua kumakaia kona alahele hyperbolic i kona kumu haole mai kinohi mai.
ʻO nā koho mua mai ka nānā ʻana me Hubble a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe e kau i ke kumu i loko o kahi ākea mau haneli mika a hiki i kekahi mau kilomikame kahi coma ikaika a me kahi huelo i ulu aʻe kona morphology i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pāhawewe lā. Ua oi aku kona mama 200.000 km / h, me nā piko kiʻekiʻe ma kahi kokoke i perihelion, i loko o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia no kahi comet interstellar.
Mai kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻEulopa, ua hōʻike ka ESA i ka pili o 3I/ATLAS no ka hoʻohālikelike kaʻina hana kino a me kemika me nā kometa i hana ʻia ma kahi kokoke i ka Lā. Hāʻawi kēia mau hoʻohālikelike iā mākou e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻokoʻa maoli me nā mea i ʻike wale ʻia ma muli o ke geometry o ka nānā ʻana a i ʻole ka pō o ka lā.
ʻO kahi hoʻolaha i hoʻonohonoho ʻia: Mars, heliovision a me nā probes i ke ala
Ma ka la 3 o Okatoba, 3I/ATLAS i hala a puni 30,6 miliona kilomita mai Mars, he manawa kūpono i lawe ʻia e kekahi mau mokulele mokulele NASA: ka Loaʻa iā MRO orbiter kekahi o nā kiʻi kokoke loaUa lawe ʻo MAVEN i ka ʻikepili ultraviolet e wehe i kāna haku mele, a ua hoʻokō ka Perseverance rover i ka hopu ʻana i ka mea mai ka ʻili Martian.
Ua ʻae nā mikiona Heliospheric i nā ʻepekema e hahai iā ia ma hope o ka nalowale ʻana mai ka Honua. ʻO ka hale nānā Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo STEREO ma waena o Kepakemapa 11 a me ʻOkakopa 2, oiai SOHO (miiona hui ESA/NASA) Ua nānā ʻo ia ma waena o ʻOkakopa. PALAʻI, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nei, Hāʻawi ia i kahi kaʻina o kona huelo i ka hapa lua o Kepakemapa a me ka hoomaka ana o Okatoba.
Ma kahi mamao loa mai ka Honua, nā ʻimi psyche y Lucy Ua hoʻohana lākou i kā lākou alahele e kiʻi i ka comet i Kepakemapa: Ua kiʻi ʻo Psyche i kekahi mau kiʻi mai kahi o 53 miliona mau kilomita ka mamao, a ua hopu ʻo Lucy i kahi moʻo mai kahi 386 miliona mau kilomita. i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e ʻae i ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka huelo koma.
Eia kekahi Ua kōkua ʻo Hubble lāua ʻo James WebbHe mea koʻikoʻi ka hope no ka nānā ʻana i ka comet i loko o ka infrared i kona neʻe ʻana a hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia, no laila e pani ana i kahi uhi lehulehu a kākoʻo ʻike ʻole ʻia a hiki i kēia lā no kahi mea o ke kumu extrasolar.
Hoʻohui a me ka hana: nā huelo paʻakikī, nā jet a me CO₂ kaulana
Kuhi ʻia ka ʻike ʻike maka, ultraviolet, a me ka infrared i kahi hana ikaika o ka comet, me ka hoopuka ana o ke kinoea a me ka lepo e wehewehe ana i ka hoololi ana o ka huelo a me na hooikaika kino ole, he mea maa mau i keia mau kino. Ua hōʻike nā ʻike kūʻokoʻa i nā hale paʻakikī i kona huelo, me ka hele ʻana o nā jet a me nā hoʻonohonoho e hoʻomanaʻo ana i kahi huelo kūʻē ma muli o ka hopena o ka nānā ʻana geometry.
Ma waho aʻe o nā wehewehe ʻokoʻa, hōʻike nā hui ʻepekema e hiki ke ala mai kēia mau ʻano ʻano nā ʻāpana hana lehulehu ma ka ʻilikaihe mahele anisotropic o ka hau a me ka launa pū me ka makani lā. ʻO ka antitail hiki, no ka laʻana, hiki ke wehewehe ʻia e ka hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i ka mokulele orbital a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka lepo i hoʻokuʻu ʻia.
Ma ke kula kemika, Hōʻike ʻia nā ana ultraviolet a me ka infrared a hapa o CO₂ ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka wai i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kekahi mau kometa ma ka Pūnaehana Solar. Aia nā wehewehe kūlohelohe: ʻokoʻa ka ʻike ʻana i ka radiation i loko o kona mōʻaukala a i ʻole kahi ʻano anuanu, CO₂-waiwai i kūkulu ʻia, kūlike me kahi kumu ma waho o kā mākou ʻōnaehana.
Ke koi nei ka poʻe loea NASA a me ESA ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike ʻia e pono ai ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā wehewehe kūlohelohe. ʻO nā waiwai o ka waihoʻoluʻu, ka ʻōlinolino, ka dynamics, a me ka spectrum i kūpono me a kometa hau e ho'ā i ka wā wela, me ka ʻole o nā pūlima ʻenehana a i ʻole nā hōʻailona hana.
Nā lā, ka ʻike a me ke kuleana o ʻEulopa
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hoʻokokoke kokoke loa i ka Honua ʻOkakopa 19, ma kahi mamao 274 miliona kilomitame ka manao ole i kekahi pilikia. Ua hana ʻia ʻo Perihelion i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa, a ma ia manawa ua maʻalahi ka nānā ʻana o ka geometry i kona nānā ʻana mai nā telescopes honua.
Ma ʻEulopa, a ma Sepania hoʻi, ke hoʻohana nei ke kaiāulu ʻepekema i kēia puka makani e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ana o nui, kino a me ka hanaa me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i kāna ʻano me nā kometa i hōʻike ʻia maikaʻi ʻia mai ke kaiāulu lā. ʻO ka pūnaewele ATLAS, me kahi kikowaena ma Teide, a me nā hui mai ka IAC a me nā kikowaena ʻEulopa ʻē aʻe e hāʻawi i kēia hana hoʻonohonoho.
I ka nana aku i mua, e mau ana ke kometa ma kona ala a hoi hou i ka kikowaena waena ma hope o ka hele ʻana i ka orbit ʻo Jupiter i ka pūnāwai 2026. ʻO ka James Webb ke kī i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā manawa hope loa i ka infrared i ka wā e emi ai ka ʻōlinolino i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia.
No ka poʻe makemake e ʻimi hohonu, mālama ʻo NASA i nā kumuwaiwai kūhelu a me nā hoʻonui maʻamau me nā mea wehe: loulou ʻike a me kāna puka hoʻonaʻauao ma ka ʻōlelo Sepania me ka palapala kuhikuhi, e pili ana i ka lehulehu a me ke kaiaulu hoʻonaʻauao.
Ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻo 3I/ATLAS he kometa waena Nānā ʻia e NASA a me ESA, me nā haʻawina mai ʻEulopa a me Sepania: ka mamao palekana mai ka Honua, ka hana kūpono me ka physics comet, nā hōʻailona kemika manaʻo, a me kahi papa hana nānā e hiki ai ke aʻo ʻia nā haʻawina e pili ana. pehea lākou i hana ai a ulu ai kino liʻiliʻi ma nā ʻōnaehana hōkū ʻē aʻe.
He kanaka ʻenehana wau i hoʻololi i kāna mau makemake "geek" i ʻoihana. Ua hoʻohana au ma mua o 10 mau makahiki o koʻu ola me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana ʻokiʻoki a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā ʻano papahana āpau ma muli o ka ʻike maʻemaʻe. I kēia manawa ua loea wau i ka ʻenehana kamepiula a me nā pāʻani wikiō. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mau makahiki aʻu i kākau ai no nā pūnaewele like ʻole e pili ana i ka ʻenehana a me nā pāʻani wikiō, e hana ana i nā ʻatikala e ʻimi nei e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka ʻike āu e pono ai ma kahi ʻōlelo i hoʻomaopopo ʻia e nā mea a pau.
Inā he mau nīnau kāu, pili koʻu ʻike mai nā mea a pau e pili ana i ka ʻōnaehana hana Windows a me Android no nā kelepona paʻalima. A ʻo kaʻu hoʻohiki ʻana iā ʻoe, makemake mau wau e hoʻolilo i mau minuke a kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo i nā nīnau āu e loaʻa ai ma kēia ao pūnaewele.