ʻO ka plastik ʻohe hou e manaʻo nei e pani i ka plastik maʻamau

Ma waena o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka aila e hana ai i nā plastics, Ua hoʻolauna kekahi hui o nā mea noiʻi ma Kina i kahi mea hoʻololi pāʻani: a kiʻekiʻe-performance bamboo plastic e hoʻohiki ana e hōʻemi i ka ʻōpala a wehe i nā noi ʻoihana hou.

ʻAʻole hiki mai ka manaʻo ma ke ʻano he ʻimi noiʻi maʻalahi; e like me kāna paʻi ʻana ma Nature Communications, hāʻawi ia kiʻekiʻe-level mechanical a me ka wela hana, kokoke biodegradation wikiwiki a me ka hana hou ʻana, nā kumu nui no kona hoʻokomo maoli i ka mākeke.

He aha ia a pehea i hana ʻia ai

Hoʻokumu ʻia e Northeast Forestry University (Harbin), keia ʻāpana biomaterial o ka ʻohe cellulose, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻawaʻawa ʻawaʻawa ʻole a hiki i ka pae molekala a laila hoʻonohonoho hou i kahi pūnaewele paʻa a ikaika.

I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, hoʻoulu ka poʻe ʻepekema i nā hoʻololi kemika i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hui hou ʻana o nā kaulahao, e loaʻa ai kahi ʻano i kauoha ʻia me nā loulou ʻoi aku ka ikaika a me kahi matrix paʻa paʻa.

ʻO kēia hoʻolālā "molecular engineering" hiki i ka mea ke mālama i ka hiki ke kaʻina hana: He kūpono ia me nā ʻenehana ʻenehana maʻamau e like me ka injection, molding a me ka mīkini.

'A'ole like me ka "'ohe" composites e pili ana i ka hui 'ana i nā mea kanu me nā resins ku'una, ka ho'omohala hou pale i nā polymers i loaʻa i ka aila a loaʻa naʻe ke kūʻē kupaianaha.

Nā waiwai: ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa ma mua o ka maʻamau

I nā hoʻokolohua hoʻohālikelike e kūʻē i nā bioplastics ākea, e like me PLA, a me nā plastic plastic i hoʻohana mau ʻia, hōʻike ʻia ka mea ʻohe. he tensile ikaika o 110 MPa a me ka modulus flexural o 6,41 GPa.

La ʻoi aku ka paʻa wela ma mua o 180 °C, he paepae e hiki ai ke hana ma lalo o nā kūlana koi kahi i hāʻule ai nā bioplastics ʻē aʻe ma muli o ka deformation a i ʻole ka nalowale o ka hana.

Hōʻike pū nā hopena i ka pane kūlike i nā hoʻokolohua o moldability a me ka hana thermomechanical, nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi no kahi ʻāpana e huli pololei i ka manawa mua ma nā laina hana.

Hoʻomaopopo ka hui ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka pūʻulu o nā metric i loiloi ʻia, ka plastic molecular bamboo ua like a oi aku paha i ka nui o na plastics kalepa o keia wa a me na bioplastics.

ʻO ka biodegradation wikiwiki a me ka hana hou ʻana i pani ʻia

ʻO kekahi o nā mea hoʻokaʻawale ʻo kona hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana: ma ka lepo maoli ka mea decomposes loa ma kahi o 50 lā, mamao loa mai ka 100 a hiki i ka 1.000 makahiki i koi ʻia i nā plastic petrochemical.

I ka manawa like, hiki i ke kaʻina hana ke a hana hou i pani ʻia: Ma hope o ka hana hou ʻana, paʻa ʻo ia ma kahi o 90% o kona ikaika mua, kahi e makemake ai i ka hoʻohana hou ʻana i nā noi ʻenehana. Hāʻawi kēia hui pū ʻana o ka pani pani a me ka biodegradability i kahi ʻoihana pōʻai maoli maoli, me emi iho ka poho waiwai ma hope o kēlā me kēia huli ʻana a me ka pau ʻana o ke ola.

ʻO ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻāpana hana i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e kōkua hōʻemi i nā hoʻokuʻu pili, me ka ʻole o ka ʻai ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili a i ʻole ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana.

Nā noi kūpono i ka ʻoihana

Ma muli o kona ʻano mechanical a me ke kūpaʻa wela, hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka bioplastic hou i loko hoʻoheheʻe hoʻoheheʻe no nā ʻāpana e koi ana i ka rigidity a me ka paʻakikī.

ʻO nā ʻāpana hiki ke komo i nā hale uila, nā mea hana māmā, hiki ke hoohana hou ia a me kekahi mau mea lako kaʻa a ʻenehana paha. ʻO ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka mīkini e wehe i ka puka i ka hoʻopau pololei ʻana a me nā holo pōkole me ka ʻole o ka pono o nā hoʻopukapuka mua nui i nā mold.

Wahi a ka loiloi ʻenehana-eonomic i hōʻike ʻia e nā mea kākau, ka iecaianoaaiiuo koina He hoʻokūkū lākou i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā plastics maʻamau a me nā bioplastics e hoʻomalu nei i ka mākeke i kēia lā.

Hiki ke hoʻololi hou ʻia a me ka loaʻa

ʻO ka ʻohe he mea kanu o ulu wikiwiki, me nā pōʻai pōkole ohi a me kēlā ʻaʻole makemake i nā pesticides a me nā mea kanu, e hōʻemi ana i nā hopena mahiʻai collateral.

Su Hāʻawi ka nui ma Asia a me Latin America i kumu no nā hiʻohiʻona kūpaʻa a waiwai i nā manawa kūpono ma ka pae kūloko i nā ʻoihana kuaʻāina i pili i ka hoʻohua ʻohe.

Ma ka hoʻonohonoho mua ʻana i ka cellulose non-food, kēia hoʻomohala Hōʻalo ia i ka hoʻokūkū me nā mea kanu i manaʻo ʻia no ka papaʻaina a hoʻemi i ke kaomi ʻana i nā ululāʻau. hoʻohana ʻia no ka pulp a me ka pepa, e paipai ana i nā hana no kanu ʻohe.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, makemake ka papahana i ka hoʻololi kaawale mai nā mea makaʻala mōʻalihaku a kākoʻo i nā kumu hoʻohālike circular production, i kūlike me nā kānāwai kaiapuni koʻikoʻi.

ʻO kahi hana ʻenehana me ka hopena kaiapuni

Hoʻomaopopo nā mea kākau i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā plastic petrochemical i alakaʻi i kahi pilikia ʻōpala, no laila pono ke kiʻekiʻe-hana a me ka poepoe koho aole lakou e kaumaha i na pomaikai.

Me nā hōʻike i hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua a me ke kaʻina hana, ke puka mai nei ka plastic bamboo moho kino no nā noi kahi i makemake nui ʻia ai ʻo ABS, polypropylene a i ʻole polystyrene kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa wikiwiki i ka lepo a, i ka manawa like, e hana hou ʻia me ka maikaʻi, hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o microplastics a me ka ʻōpala macro i loko o nā ʻāina ʻāina a me nā kaiaola.

ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka pālākiō ʻenehana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hana no nā hoʻohana kikoʻī e hana ʻia, akā ua hōʻike ʻia ke kumu ʻepekema a me ke kaʻina hana lawa kupono e huki i nā mea hana.

I ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻikepili, hoʻohui kēia biomaterial mea kanu i ka hana ʻenehana, circularity a me ke komo ʻana i nā mea maka hou, e hana ai. he koho paʻa e pani i kekahi o ka plastic maʻamau a neʻe i ka hana maʻemaʻe.