HOʻOLAUNA
ʻO ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻano a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana o nā parrots he mea hoihoi i nā mea noiʻi no nā makahiki he mau makahiki. Ma o ka noiʻi ʻana, ua hiki ke hoʻomālamalama i ka ʻike maka o kēia mau manu ʻokoʻa a me ko lākou ʻike ʻana i ko lākou kaiapuni. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e nānā pono mākou i ka ʻike ʻana o nā parrots, ka nānā ʻana i kā lākou ʻōnaehana ʻike, ke ʻano o ko lākou mau maka, a me ko lākou hiki ke ʻike i nā kala. E ʻike mākou i nā hiʻohiʻona o kā lākou ʻike a pehea e ʻae ai kēia hoʻololi iā lākou e launa a ola i ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe. I loko o ka kikokikona, e hōʻike mākou i nā ʻikepili pahuhopu a me nā hopena ʻepekema e kōkua i ka hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻana i ka honua hiʻohiʻona hoihoi o kēia mau manu naʻauao.
1. Anatomy ocular o na parrots: pehea ko lakou ike ana?
He manu ʻike ʻia ʻo Parrots no ko lākou hiki ke hoʻohālike i nā leo a aʻo. nā mākau hou. Akā, ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ka ʻike ʻana o kēia mau manu kala i ka honua? ʻO ka anatomy ocular o nā parrots he mea hoihoi a hāʻawi i kahi hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa o ko lākou kaiapuni.
ʻO ka mea mua, loaʻa i nā parrots ka binocular vision, ʻo ia hoʻi ke ʻano Aia ko lākou mau maka ma ke alo o ko lākou poʻo, e ʻae iā lākou e loaʻa ka ʻike ʻekolu. He mea pono loa kēia no ka helu ʻana i nā mamao a me ka neʻe pololei ʻana i ke kaiapuni. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i nā parrots kahi ākea ākea o ka ʻike, hiki ke piʻi i 180 degere, e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻike i kekahi neʻe i ko lākou kaiapuni.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi o ka anatomy ocular parrot ko lākou hiki ke ʻike i nā kala. ʻAʻole like me nā kānaka, nona nā ʻano cones ʻekolu i loko o ka retina e hopu ai i nā waihoʻoluʻu kumu - ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka uliuli - ʻehā ʻano cones nā parrots, e ʻae iā lākou e ʻike i kahi ākea ākea o nā kala. ʻO kēia ke ʻano hiki iā lākou ke mahalo i nā aka i ʻike ʻole ʻia e mākou a ʻike pono i nā kala.
2. ʻO nā kino kino o nā parrots: ke ʻano a me nā hana
He manu ʻike ʻia ʻo Parrots no ko lākou naʻauao a me ka hiki ke hoʻohālike i nā leo a me nā huaʻōlelo. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i kēia mau mākau, loaʻa i nā parrots nā kino ʻike kūikawā e hiki ai iā lākou ke hana i ka ʻike ʻike. me ka pono. ʻO kēia mau mea ʻike maka he mau maka nui a me nā hale i loko i hoʻololi ʻia no nā hana like ʻole.
ʻO ke ʻano nui o nā maka o nā ʻolo he like ia me nā manu ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa iā lākou he kornea ʻākala ma ke alo o ka maka e hiki ai ke hele o ke kukui, a he lens e nānā pono ana i ka mālamalama i ka retina. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā parrots ʻo ia ka hele ʻana o kahi hale i kapa ʻia ʻo ka interstitial zone i loko o ka retina, aia kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā cell photoreceptor kūikawā. ʻO kēia mau pūnaewele photoreceptor e ʻae i nā parrots e ʻoi aku ka ʻike maka a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka ʻike kala ma mua o nā manu ʻē aʻe.
Ma waho aʻe o ko lākou ʻike acuity a me ka ʻike kala, hiki i nā parrots ke nānā a hoʻoponopono i ke ʻano o kā lākou lens. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e ʻike maopopo i ka kokoke a me ka mamao, he mea pono loa ia no kā lākou launa pū ʻana me ko lākou kaiapuni a no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a i ʻole nā pilikia. Hiki i nā Parrots ke hoʻololi i kā lākou lens e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻike i nā kikoʻī maikaʻi, e like me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kānaka, e kōkua ana i ko lākou hiki ke hoʻohālike pololei i nā huaʻōlelo a me nā leo.
ʻO ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, loaʻa i nā parrots nā mea ʻike maka kūikawā e hiki ai iā lākou ke loaʻa ka ʻike maka, ka ʻike kala ʻeleʻele, a me ka hiki ke hoʻoponopono i kā lākou lens e nānā i kahi kokoke a mamao. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ʻike i ko lākou naʻauao a me nā mākau hoʻohālike. He ʻano manu maikaʻi ʻo Parrots e hoʻomau i ka pīhoihoi iā mākou me kā lākou hoʻololi ʻana a me ka hiki ke ʻike.
3. ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻike ʻana i nā parrots: ʻike maka
ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻike ʻana i nā parrots kahi hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻike i ke kaiapuni ma ke ʻano kikoʻī a kikoʻī. Loaʻa i nā Parrots kahi ʻano o nā hoʻololi ʻike e hiki ai iā lākou ke loaʻa ka ʻike ʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka mea mua, loaʻa i nā parrots ka mana kiʻekiʻe no ka ʻike kala. Ua hoʻolakoʻia ko lākou mau maka me ka nui o nā cones, e hiki ai iā lākou keʻike i nāʻanoʻano likeʻole. He mea maikaʻi loa kēia i ko lākou wahi noho maoli, kahi e ʻike ai lākou i kā lākou kumu meaʻai a me nā mea ʻaihue.
Eia kekahi, he ākea loa ka ʻike ʻana o nā parrots. Aia ko lākou mau maka ma ka ʻaoʻao ma luna o ke poʻo, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke loaʻa kahi kihi ʻike kokoke 360 kekelē. ʻO kēia ka mea maʻalahi iā lākou ke ʻike i kekahi neʻe i ko lākou kaiapuni, he mea nui ia no ko lākou ola.
ʻO ka hope loa, loaʻa i nā parrots nā mana kālele maikaʻi loa. Hiki i kou mau maka ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano o kā lākou mau lens, e ʻae iā lākou e nānā pono i nā mea kokoke a me nā mea mamao me ka pololei loa. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia ʻano no ka hana ʻana i nā hana e like me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea hoʻoweliweli.
I ka pōkole, ʻo ke ʻano o ka ʻike ʻana i nā parrots he mana kupaianaha. ʻO ko lākou hiki ke ʻike i nā waihoʻoluʻu, ko lākou ākea ākea o ka ʻike a me kā lākou hiki ke nānā pono i hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokele akamai i ko lākou puni. He mea nui kēia mau hoʻololi ʻike i ko lākou ola a me ka holomua ma ke ʻano he ʻano.
4. Nā kala a me ka ʻike maka i nā parrots
ʻIke ʻia nā ʻaka no ko lākou ʻano ʻano a me nā ʻano like ʻole papa kala, ka mea i lilo i mea hoihoi no ka poe nana. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole like ka ʻike maka i nā parrots me ke kanaka. Ma kēia ʻāpana, e ʻimi mākou i ka ʻike ʻana o nā kala a pehea e pili ai i kā lākou ʻano a me ka launa pū ʻana me ko lākou kaiapuni.
ʻO ka mea mua, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻike trichromatic o nā parrots, ʻo ia hoʻi he ʻekolu ʻano o nā cell cone i ko lākou mau maka e ʻike a hoʻokaʻawale i nā kala. Hoʻopili kēia mau pūnaewele i nā lōʻihi nalu like ʻole o ka mālamalama, e ʻae iā lākou e ʻike i nā kala mua e like me ka ʻulaʻula, ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a me ka uliuli. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kā lākou ʻike kala ma mua o kā mākou, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā parrots e hoʻoponopono i nā mamana a me nā kikoʻī maikaʻi.
Ma waho aʻe o ko lākou ʻike kala, loaʻa i nā parrots kahi ʻāpana kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pectineal spot, aia ma hope o ko lākou mau maka. Aia i loko o kēia kino nā pūnaeho photosensitive e ʻae iā lākou e ʻike i ke kukui ultraviolet, ʻike ʻole ʻia e ke kanaka. He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike kukui Ultraviolet no nā parrots, no ka mea, kōkua ia iā lākou e ʻike i ka meaʻai, loaʻa i ka hoa kāne, a kamaʻilio pū kekahi i kekahi. No laila, ʻokoʻa nā kala a mākou e ʻike ai i ka hulu manu mai ka mea a lākou e ʻike ai, ma muli o ke ʻano o nā ʻano ultraviolet a me nā nuances.
I ka pōkole, loaʻa i nā parrots ka ʻike trichromatic a hiki ke ʻike i nā kala kumu. ʻO ko lākou hiki ke ʻike i ke kukui ultraviolet e hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi ʻike ʻike kūʻokoʻa e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai nā kānaka. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana o nā kala he mea nui i ka mahalo ʻana i ko lākou nani a hiki ke kōkua iā mākou e hoʻolako iā lākou i kahi ʻano hoʻonaʻauao a hoʻoulu.
5. Kokoke a me ka mamao hihio i loko o nā parrots: he adaptive approach
ʻO ka ʻike kokoke a me ka mamao i loko o nā parrots kahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi o ko lākou hiki ke ʻike. Loaʻa i kēia mau manu kahi manaʻo kūpono e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻololi i ko lākou ʻike ma muli o ka mamao o ka mea a lākou e nānā nei. He mea nui kēia kumuwaiwai no ko lākou ola ʻana a hiki iā lākou ke hoʻololi i nā kaiapuni a me nā kūlana like ʻole.
ʻO ka mea mua, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he binocular vision nā parrots, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki iā lākou ke nānā aku i nā maka ʻelua i kahi mea hoʻokahi. Hāʻawi kēia iā lākou i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻekolu a hiki iā lākou ke helu i ka mamao ma waena o lākou a me ka mea a lākou e nānā nei. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻomohala nui nā parrots i ka ʻike peripheral, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻike i nā neʻe a me nā loli i ko lākou kaiapuni.
E like me ka adaptive focusing, hiki i nā parrots ke hoʻololi koke i ke ʻano o ko lākou mau maka maka e hoʻoponopono i ko lākou ʻike i nā mamao like ʻole. I ka nānā ʻana i nā mea kokoke, hoʻopololei nā maka e hoʻonui a maopopo ka ʻike. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ke nānā lākou i nā mea mamao, hoʻomaha lākou i ko lākou mau ʻiʻo maka e nānā ma kahi lōʻihi. Hāʻawi kēia mīkini iā lākou e hoʻololi koke i nā kūlana like ʻole a hana i ka hapa nui o ko lākou hiki ke ʻike.
6. ʻO ka ʻike acuity i nā parrots: pehea lākou e ʻike ai i nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi?
Ua ʻike ʻia nā parrots no ko lākou ʻike maka, hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi i ko lākou kaiapuni. ʻO ko lākou hiki ke ʻike i hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i nā mea liʻiliʻi loa a hoʻokaʻawale i ko lākou ʻano ʻokoʻa. He mea pono loa keia akamai i ka imi ana i mea ai. ma ke ʻano a ʻike i nā lālā ʻē aʻe o kā lākou ʻano.
ʻO ka ʻike maka o nā ʻaka ma muli o kekahi mau ʻano kino a me ke olaola. ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻololi ʻia kāu ʻōnaehana ʻike e ʻike i kahi ākea o nā kala a me nā ʻokoʻa. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e ʻike pono i nā mea i ko lākou kaiapuni. Hoʻohui hou, loaʻa i nā parrots kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā cell photoreceptor i ko lākou mau maka, hāʻawi iā lākou i ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka ʻike kikoʻī.
ʻO kekahi mea nui e hoʻoikaika i ka ʻike maka o nā parrots ʻo ko lākou hiki ke nānā a hoʻoponopono i ke ʻano o kā lākou lens ocular. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike maopopo i nā mea kokoke a mamao. Hoʻohui ʻia, he ʻano maka nā parrots i kapa ʻia ʻo ka fovea, kahi wahi liʻiliʻi o ka retina me kahi kiʻekiʻe o nā cell photoreceptor. Hāʻawi kēia fovea iā lākou e nānā pono i nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi a hopu i nā kala me ka ikaika nui.
ʻO ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, he mea kupaianaha ka ʻike maka o nā parrots ma muli o ko lākou hiki ke ʻike i nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi a hoʻokaʻawale i nā kala a me nā ʻokoʻa i ko lākou kaiapuni. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia mākaukau no ko lākou ola ʻana ma ka nahelehele, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke ʻimi i ka meaʻai a ʻike i nā lālā o kā lākou ʻano. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā cell photoreceptor i ko lākou mau maka, ko lākou hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ke ʻano o kā lākou lens ocular, a me kā lākou ʻano ocular kūikawā e kōkua i ko lākou ʻike kupaianaha.
7. ʻO ka hihiʻo pō i nā parrots: nā mea huna o kā lākou adaptability
ʻO ka hihiʻo pō i loko o nā parrots kekahi o nā mea hoihoi loa o ko lākou hiki ke hoʻololi. Loaʻa i kēia mau manu ke ʻano o nā hiʻohiʻona physiological e ʻae iā lākou e ʻike maopopo i nā kūlana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO kekahi o nā nā ʻokoʻa nui Aia ma waena o nā kalo a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe ko lākou hiki ke hoʻonui i kā lākou mau haumāna, kahi e komo nui ai ka mālamalama i ko lākou mau maka.
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona kaulana ʻo ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi papa kūikawā i loko o ka retina, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka tapetum lucidum, e hana ana ma ke aniani hoʻohālikelike. ʻAe kēia i ka mālamalama ʻaʻole i komo i ka manawa mua e ʻike hou ʻia i nā photoreceptors, e hoʻonui i ka ʻike i nā kūlana haʻahaʻa.
Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau hoʻololi ʻana, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā parrots o nā cell photoreceptor i loko o ka retina, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ko lākou naʻau. i loko o ke kukui. Hāʻawi kēia iā lākou i ka pōmaikaʻi i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea i ka pōʻeleʻele a hiki iā lākou ke neʻe maʻalahi a hiki i nā wahi mālamalama.
8. ʻO Parrots a me kā lākou hiʻohiʻona 3D: kahi hiki ke kahaha
ʻIke ʻia nā ʻaka no ko lākou hiki ke hoʻohālike i nā leo a kamaʻilio pū me ke kanaka, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ko lākou akamai kupaianaha. Loaʻa i kēia mau manu ka hihiʻo 3D e hiki ai iā lākou ke loaʻa ka ʻike kikoʻī kikoʻī. ʻIke ʻia he kuleana koʻikoʻi ko lākou ʻike i ko lākou hiki ke lele a hoʻokele i nā kaiapuni paʻakikī.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻike 3D Parrots i ko lākou hiki ke ʻike me nā maka ʻelua i ka manawa like a loiloi i ka ʻokoʻa o ka nānā ʻana i nā kihi ma waena o lākou. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka hohonu a me ka ʻike mamao ma mua o ka nui o nā manu ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻo kā lākou ʻike e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻike koke i nā mea neʻe a helu pololei i ko lākou alahele.
Ua ʻike ʻia kēia hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa i nā parrots ma nā noiʻi ʻepekema he nui. I loko o kekahi o ia mau mea, ua hōʻike ʻia e hiki i nā parrots ke ʻike i nā mea ma 3D a hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia pili i ka ʻike spatial. ʻO kēia mau mea hiki ke mahalo nui ʻia i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ko lākou lolo i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe me nā hiʻohiʻona like like. ʻAʻole ʻo Parrots '3D he mana kupaianaha wale nō, akā he mea hoʻomanaʻo hoʻi i ka mana kupaianaha o ke ʻano a me ka ʻokoʻa o nā hiki ke loaʻa iā mākou ma ka honua. aupuni holoholona.
9. Nā mea e pili ana i ka ʻike o nā kao i ko lākou wahi noho maoli
Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā ʻaka, e like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e nā kumu like ʻole i ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ko lākou ʻike. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke komo i nā kukui ambient, ka hiki ʻana mai o nā keʻakeʻa ʻike, a me nā haunaele i ke kaiapuni. Aia ma lalo iho kekahi o nā mea nui e hiki ke hoʻopili i ka ʻike parrot i ka nahele.
Ke kukui ambient: ʻO ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka mālamalama i loko o kahi noho kūlohelohe o kahi kao hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena nui i kona hiki ke ʻike. Hāʻawi ka lā pololei i nā kukui maikaʻi loa no nā parrots, e ʻae iā lākou i ka ʻike akaka. Eia naʻe, hiki i nā kūlana māmā haʻahaʻa ke keʻakeʻa i ko lākou ʻike a pili i ko lākou hiki ke ʻimi i ka meaʻai a ʻike paha i nā mea ʻaihue.
Nā pilikia ʻike maka: Hiki ke alo i nā ʻaliki i ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe, e like me nā lālā paʻa a i ʻole nā lau, hiki ke keʻakeʻa i ko lākou ʻike. Hiki i kēia mau keakea ke paʻakikī i ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea ʻaihue a loaʻa paha ka meaʻai. Eia hou, paʻakikī paha ka ʻike a kamaʻilio ʻana me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o kā lākou ʻano ma muli o kēia mau pilikia ʻike.
10. Hiki ke ʻike maka i nā parrots: kahi noiʻi kikoʻī
El ʻike maka in parrots he kumuhana noiʻi hoihoi ia i hoʻāla i ka hoihoi o nā ʻepekema a me nā mea aloha manu a puni ka honua. Ma kahi noiʻi kikoʻī, ua nānā ʻia ka hiki o nā parrots e ʻike i nā helehelena kanaka a pehea e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻohana i kēia mākaukau no nā noi like ʻole. ʻO nā ʻike kaulana loa o kēia noiʻi ʻana a me nā hopena i loaʻa iā lākou ma ke kahua o ka psychology holoholona e hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei.
ʻO ka mua, ua hoʻokō ʻia kahi ʻano hoʻokolohua e loiloi i ka hiki ke ʻike maka i nā kākā. Ua hoʻohana ʻia kekahi pūʻulu o nā kākā i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i kahi kaiapuni i hoʻomalu ʻia a hōʻike ʻia me nā kiʻi o nā helehelena kanaka. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana hoʻomaʻamaʻa operant, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hiki i nā kākā ke ʻike a hoʻomanaʻo i nā helehelena like ʻole me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pololei. Eia hou, ua ʻike ʻia ua hiki i nā kākā ke ʻike i nā loli maʻalahi o nā hiʻohiʻona helehelena a hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā mea like ʻole.
Ua ʻimi nō hoʻi kēia haʻawina i nā hopena o ka hiki ke ʻike maka i nā kākā ma ke ʻano o ka pilina kanaka-holoholona. Ua ʻike ʻia ua hiki i nā parrots ke hoʻopaʻa pili i nā poʻe i ʻike a hoʻomanaʻo i ko lākou mau helehelena. Eia hou, ua hōʻike ʻia ka hui like ʻana a me ke komo ʻana o nā parrots i nā hana ke hoʻolauna ʻia i kahi mea kamaʻāina. Ua wehe kēia mau ʻike i nā ala hou no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a me ke kamaʻilio ʻana me nā parrots, a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻike holoholona ma ke ʻano nui.
11. ʻO nā parrots a me ka ʻike neʻe: pehea lākou e ʻike ai i ka hana?
He mau manu i ʻike ʻia no ka naʻauao a me ka hiki ke hoʻohālike i nā leo, akā pehea lākou e ʻike ai i ka neʻe? Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina ʻepekema he ʻokoʻa ka mana o nā parrots e ʻike a pane i ka hana. Ma o kā lākou ʻōnaehana ʻike, hiki i nā kākā ke hopu i nā loli i ka neʻe ʻana a pane kūpono.
ʻO kekahi o nā kumu nui i loaʻa ai i nā parrots kēia mana ʻo ko lākou kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kā lākou ʻōnaehana ʻike e ʻae iā lākou e ʻike i nā neʻe maʻalahi loa, ʻoiai ma kahi lōʻihi. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāpana ganglion i loko o ka retina, e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka naʻau nui i ka neʻe.
ʻO kekahi kumu nui i ka ʻike ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana o nā parrots ʻo ko lākou nānā ʻana. Hiki i kēia mau manu ke nānā pono i kahi mea e neʻe ana a hahai pololei. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i nā parrots ke hoʻoneʻe wikiwiki i ko lākou mau maka, e ʻae iā lākou e hoʻomau i ko lākou nānā ʻana i kahi mea e neʻe ana. Pēlā nō, hiki i nā parrots ke kau i ko lākou nānā ʻana i kahi mea e neʻe nei, me ka nānā ʻole i nā mea hoʻohilahila a nānā wale i ka hana a lākou e ʻike nei.
12. ʻO ke kuleana o ka hihiʻo i ke ʻano pilikanaka o nā kalo
Ua ʻike ʻia nā Parrots no kā lākou ʻano ʻano i hoʻomohala nui ʻia, a he kuleana koʻikoʻi ka ʻike i kā lākou launa pū ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hiki i nā kākā ke ʻike i nā lālā ʻē aʻe o kā lākou ʻano, ka wehewehe ʻana i nā ʻike maka, a me ke kamaʻilio maikaʻi ʻana e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ko lākou ʻike.
He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻike stereoscopic no nā parrots, no ka mea e ʻae iā lākou i ka ʻike ʻekolu-dimensional o ka honua. ʻO kēia ka mea maʻalahi iā lākou ke hoʻoholo pololei i ka mamao a me ka nui, a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kākā ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, he nui nā parrots i loaʻa i ka ʻike kala i hoʻomohala nui ʻia, e ʻae iā lākou e ʻike i kahi ākea o nā hue a me nā hue, he mea koʻikoʻi ia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻohālike a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea i ko lākou kaiapuni.
Ma waho aʻe o ko lākou ʻike maka, hiki i nā parrots ke hahai i nā neʻe wikiwiki a nānā i nā mea ma nā mamao like ʻole. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e hahai i ka lele ʻana o nā parrots ʻē aʻe i ka wā o ka launa pū ʻana, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i kahi kikoʻī i ka wā kamaʻilio. ʻIke ʻia ka ʻike peripheral o Parrots, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i nā neʻe a me nā loli i ko lākou kaiapuni me ka ʻole e huli i ko lākou poʻo.
13. ʻO ka ʻike a me ke kamaʻilio ʻana i nā parrots: kahi pilina pili
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Parrots no ko lākou ʻike acuity a me ke kamaʻilio kamaʻilio. Hāʻawi ko lākou ʻike iā lākou e ʻike i nā kikoʻī maʻalahi i ko lākou kaiapuni a ʻike i nā ʻano a me nā hōʻailona mai kā lākou mau hoa. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻomohala kēia mau manu i nā ʻano kamaʻilio like ʻole, mai ka leo ʻana a hiki i ka neʻe ʻana o ke kino, e hiki ai iā lākou ke haʻi i nā ʻōlelo koʻikoʻi i nā manu ʻē aʻe a me nā mea nona lākou.
ʻOi loa ka ʻike o nā Parrots, mahalo i ka nui o nā cell photoreceptor i ko lākou mau maka. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e hoʻokaʻawale i nā waihoʻoluʻu ikaika a ʻike i nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi ma kahi mamao. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā parrots ke ʻike i nā lōʻihi nalu like ʻole o ka mālamalama, me ke kukui ultraviolet, e ʻae iā lākou e ʻike i nā mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka maka kanaka.
Ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana, hoʻohana nā parrots i ka hui ʻana o nā leo a me nā neʻe o ke kino e hōʻike iā lākou iho. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā kelepona maʻalahi e hōʻike i kahi a i nā kaʻina paʻakikī o nā leo e hōʻike ana i ka ʻike kikoʻī. Hoʻohana pū ka ʻaka i nā neʻe kino, e like me ka pāpaʻi ʻana i ko lākou mau ʻēheu a i ʻole ka ʻūlū ʻana i ko lākou hulu, e kamaʻilio i nā manaʻo e like me ka hauʻoli a me ka makaʻu. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kēia mau ʻano me nā leo leo e hōʻike i kahi leka piha.
14. Nā hoʻolālā mālama ʻike no nā parrots i ke pio ʻana
Ma kēia ʻatikala, e kūkākūkā mākou i nā ʻano like ʻole. He manu ko'iko'i loa ka parrots a he mea ko'iko'i ko lakou ola kino. Ma ʻaneʻi e hāʻawi aku mākou iā ʻoe i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūpono a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ka pale a mālama ʻana i ka ʻike o kāu mau parrots.
1. Wahi noho: He mea nui ka waiho ʻana i ka hīnaʻi o ke kao ma kahi e hāʻawi ai i ka mālamalama kūlohelohe maikaʻi, akā e pale aku i ka ʻike pono ʻana i ka lā. Pono ka lā no ka pono ʻO nā manu, no ka mea, hāʻawi iā lākou i ka huaʻa D, pono no ka absorption o ka calcium. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hōʻino ʻia nā maka o ke kao, ʻulaʻula a pololei ka lā. E hoʻohana i nā pale a i ʻole nā makapō e pale iā lākou mai ka ʻike nui ʻana.
2. Nā mea pāʻani a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike: He mea nui ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea pāʻani a me nā mea hoʻonui i ka nānā ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino ʻike maka. Hoʻoulu kēia mau mea pāʻani i ko lākou noʻonoʻo a ʻae iā lākou e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i kā lākou ʻike maka. E koho i nā mea pāʻani i loaʻa nā kala ʻālohilohi a ʻokoʻa. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā parrots i nā kala ʻālohilohi, a kōkua pū kēia i ka mālama ʻana i ko lākou hoihoi a me ka maikaʻi ʻike.
I ka hopena, ʻo ka ʻatikala "How Parrots See" ua nānā kikoʻī i ka honua hoihoi o ka ʻike o kēia mau manu kala. Ma o ka loiloi piha ʻana i nā noiʻi ʻepekema a me nā poʻe akamai i ke kula, ua ʻimi mākou i nā ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka hihiʻo parrot, mai ko lākou ʻike ʻike a hiki i ko lākou ʻike kikoʻī kala.
ʻO nā parrots, e like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, loaʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā e hāʻawi iā lākou i kahi kūpono kūpono i ko lākou ʻano kūlohelohe. ʻO ko lākou hiki ke ʻike i nā ʻano kala like ʻole a ʻike i nā kikoʻī maikaʻi e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻike i ka meaʻai, kamaʻilio me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o kā lākou ʻano, a hoʻokele maikaʻi i ko lākou wahi noho. Eia kekahi, ʻo ko lākou hiki ke hoʻonohonoho pono iā lākou iho a ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka pōmaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i nā mea ʻaihue a me ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hoa.
Ma o kēia ʻimi ʻimi ʻana, ua ʻike mākou i ka paʻakikī i loaʻa i ka hihiʻo parrot, mai ko lākou anatomy ocular a hiki i nā mīkini lolo e pili ana i ka hana ʻike. ʻO ka hoʻomau ʻia ʻana o ka noiʻi e pili ana i kēia kumuhana e hoʻomālamalama i ka wehewehe ʻana o nā parrots i ka honua a puni lākou a pehea e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻohana i kēia ʻike ma nā kula e like me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano mea a me ka pilina kanaka me nā holoholona.
ʻO ka hope loa, ua hāʻawi ʻo "How Parrots See" i kahi hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī a paʻa i kekahi o nā mea hoihoi loa o kēia mau manu hoʻohiwahiwa. Ma o kēia ʻatikala, ua hoʻonui mākou i ko mākou ʻike no ka hihiʻo parrot a me kona hopena i ko lākou ʻano a me ke ola. Me ka kānalua ʻole, pono kēia noiʻi e mālama a mahalo i ka ʻokoʻa waiwai o ke ʻano a puni mākou.
ʻO wau ʻo Sebastián Vidal, he ʻenekinia kamepiula makemake nui i ka ʻenehana a me DIY. Eia kekahi, ʻo wau ka mea nāna i hana tecnobits.com, kahi aʻu e kaʻana like ai i nā kumu aʻo e hoʻomaʻamaʻa a hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka ʻenehana i nā mea a pau.