ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka alkali a me ka base

ma

Hō'ike

Ma ke kula kemika, lohe pinepine ʻoe i nā huaʻōlelo "alkali" a me "base." Pili nā mea ʻelua i ka manaʻo o ka pH a me nā ʻano wai e hiki ke loaʻa kahi hopena alkaline a kumu kumu. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e wehewehe mākou i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka alkali a me ka base.

He aha ke kumu?

ʻO ke kumu kekahi mea e ʻae ai i nā ion hydrogen (H+) i loko o ka wai. Hoʻonui kēia i ka pH o ka hopena a lilo i kumu. Loaʻa nā kumu i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe he nui, e like me nā mea holoi lole. ʻO ka sodium hydroxide (NaOH) kahi laʻana maʻamau o kahi kumu.

Nā ʻano kumu

Aia nā ʻano kumu like ʻole, ʻokoʻa nā waiwai a me nā hoʻohana ʻana o kēlā me kēia. Aia kēia mau mea:

  • ʻO nā kumu metala, e like me ka sodium hydroxide (NaOH) a me ka calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana kopa a me nā hana ʻoihana.
  • ʻO nā kumu kūlohelohe, i loaʻa i ka element nitrogen i loko o ko lākou ʻano molekala, e like me ka urea.
  • Nā kumu Ammonium, i loaʻa i hoʻokahi ʻātoma nitrogen i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā ʻātoma hydrogen ʻehā, e like me ka amonia (NH3).
Maʻiʻo kūʻokoʻa - Kaomi maanei  ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka sodium a me ka potassium

He aha ka alkali?

ʻAʻole like me ka base, ʻo ka alkali he kumu hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. Hoʻohana ʻia ka alkalis i ka hana ʻana i nā kemika a i ka ʻoihana meaʻai. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou e neutralize i nā waikawa. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o nā alkalis e pili ana i ka sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), a me ka sodium carbonate (Na2CO3).

Pehea ko lākou ʻokoʻa?

I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ʻo nā kumu āpau he mau mea e ʻae i nā ion hydrogen (H+) i loko o ka wai wai, e hoʻonui ai i ka pH. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia nā kumu wai-soluble a pau he alkali. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o kahi base a me kahi alkali, ʻo ka alkali he kumu hoʻoheheʻe wai.

ka hopena

I ka hopena, ʻoiai ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā huaʻōlelo, aia kahi ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka alkali a me ka base. No ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he kumu nā alkali a pau, akā ʻaʻole nā ​​​​base a pau he alkali. Manaʻo mākou ua pono kēia ʻatikala iā ʻoe.

Maʻiʻo kūʻokoʻa - Kaomi maanei  ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka electrolyte ikaika a me ka electrolyte nāwaliwali

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