Txhim kho qhov yuam kev khiav PowerShell scripts hauv Windows 11: Hloov kho thiab ua tiav cov lus qhia

Puas yog koj nyuam qhuav ntsib cov lus ntxhov siab "Cov ntaub ntawv tsis tuaj yeem rub tawm vim tias kev ua tiav tsab ntawv raug kaw ntawm qhov system no." thaum sim khiav ib tsab ntawv hauv PowerShell ntawm koj lub Windows 11Koj tsis nyob ib leeg. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej uas ua rau ob tus neeg siv tshiab thiab cov neeg tsim khoom paub txog vwm. Hom kev ua yuam kev no Nws feem ntau tshwm sim thaum peb xav ua haujlwm ua haujlwm lossis sim cov ntawv me me. Thiab mam li nco dheev, lub kaw lus nres peb tuag nyob rau hauv peb cov lem vim muaj ib qho teeb meem uas zoo nkaus li muab zais qab txheej ntawm kev ruaj ntseg thiab tsis paub txoj cai.

Hauv tsab xov xwm no kuv piav qhia Txhua yam koj xav paub txog PowerShell tsab ntawv ua yuam kev ntawm Windows 11, siv tus phooj ywg thiab cov tswv yim mus kom ze yog li koj tuaj yeem nkag siab nws txawm tias koj tsis muaj kev paub ntau yam. Peb mam li piav qhia txog qhov ua rau, kev ruaj ntseg cov cai, kev daws teeb meem, thiab cov kev pom zoo tshaj plaws, suav nrog koj qhov kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev xav tau. Kuv kuj tseem yuav qhia meej cov lus nug uas nquag nug thiab qee qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb uas feem ntau tsis saib xyuas hauv lwm cov kev qhia.

Vim li cas kuv thiaj li tau txais tsab ntawv ua yuam kev hauv PowerShell?

Cov lus yuam kev classic yuav txawv me ntsis, tab sis nws yuav luag ib txwm hais ib yam dab tsi xws li: No se puede cargar el archivo <ruta_del_script> porque la ejecución de scripts está deshabilitada en este sistema. Qhov kev ceeb toom no tsis txhais tau tias koj muaj tus kab mob lossis koj lub Windows puas lawm.; qhov ua rau yog nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas PowerShell kev ruaj ntseg txoj cai raug teeb tsa.

Microsoft tau nruj nruj txoj cai tswjfwm hauv txhua qhov tshiab ntawm Windows, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li Windows 10 thiab Windows 11. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, Kev ua tiav ntawm cov ntawv sau hauv PowerShell raug txwv tiv thaiv kab mob phem los ntawm kev khiav tsis tswjQhov no yog qhov zoo rau cov neeg siv feem ntau, tab sis rau cov neeg tsim khoom thiab cov thawj coj, nws tuaj yeem yog qhov kev txwv tsis zoo.

Qee cov lus yuam kev feem ntau yog:

• Cov ntaub ntawv C:\my_script.ps1 tsis tuaj yeem thauj khoom. Kev ua tiav tsab ntawv raug kaw hauv qhov system no. Saib "Get-Help about_signing" kom paub ntau ntxiv.
• Cov ntaub ntawv tsis tuaj yeem thauj khoom vim tias kev ua tiav tsab ntawv raug kaw ntawm qhov system no. Yog xav paub ntxiv, saib about_Execution_Policies.
• Cov ntaub ntawv C:\my_script.ps1 tsis kos npe digitally. Tsab ntawv yuav tsis khiav ntawm qhov system.

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog txoj cai ua tiav tau teeb tsa hauv PowerShellCov cai no txhais tau hais tias cov ntaub ntawv sau cia raug tso cai khiav, thiab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej dab tsi. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, txoj cai txwv tsis pub tshaj yog qhib: Txwv, uas tiv thaiv ib qho kev ua tiav ntawm cov ntawv sau.

PowerShell txoj cai tswj hwm yog dab tsi thiab vim li cas lawv tseem ceeb?

Windows PowerShell siv cov txheej txheem ntawm Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm los txiav txim siab cov ntawv sau twg tuaj yeem khiav thiab nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej twg.. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ruaj ntseg system., raws li nws tiv thaiv lub community launch ntawm tej yam teeb meem code downloaded los ntawm Internet los yog tau txais los ntawm email.

Cov cai tseem ceeb uas koj tuaj yeem pom yog:

• Txwv: Nov yog txoj cai qub hauv Windows 11. Tsis tso cai rau kev ua tiav ntawm ib tsab ntawv, interactive commands xwb.
• Txhua Tus Kos Npe: Tsuas yog tso cai rau cov ntawv sau thiab cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa uas tau kos npe digitally los ntawm tus tshaj tawm uas ntseeg siab ua haujlwm.
• Kos Npe Nyob Deb: Cov ntawv sau hauv zos khiav tsis muaj teeb meem, tab sis cov ntawv rub tawm hauv Is Taws Nem yuav tsum tau kos npe digitally los ntawm tus tshaj tawm uas ntseeg siab.
• Tsis txwv: Tso cai rau koj khiav ib tsab ntawv, txawm hais tias nws qhia tau ceeb toom yog tias tsab ntawv los ntawm Is Taws Nem.

Xaiv txoj cai yog qhov tseem ceebYog tias koj tsuas yog xav khiav ib tsab ntawv hauv zos, RemoteSigned yuav txaus. Yog tias koj yog tus tsim tawm thiab tso siab rau koj cov cai, hloov mus rau Unrestricted tej zaum yuav txaus, tab sis nco ntsoov ceev faj.

Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas txoj cai ua tiav tam sim no hauv Windows 11?

Ua ntej hloov txhua yam, nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo kom paub tias koj muaj txoj cai dab tsi.Yuav kom paub tseeb qhov no:

• Qhib PowerShellKoj tuaj yeem ua qhov no los ntawm Start menu los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav "PowerShell." Yog tias koj yuav tsum hloov pauv, ua raws li tus thawj tswj hwm.
• Ntaus cov lus txib hauv qab no:
  Get-ExecutionPolicy -List

Qhov no yuav tso tawm ib daim ntawv teev cov cai siv nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw (Cov neeg siv, Local System, txheej txheem, thiab lwm yam). Feem ntau koj yuav pom "Txheej Txheem" ​​raws li txoj cai nquag. feem ntau.

Solutions: Yuav ua li cas pab kom tsab ntawv ua tiav ib kauj ruam

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los daws qhov yuam kev, thiab txhua tus Nws nyob ntawm qib kev ruaj ntseg uas koj xav kom tswj tau. thiab cov ntsiab lus uas koj tab tom ua haujlwm. Nov yog cov kev xaiv tseem ceeb:

Hloov txoj cai tswjfwm ib ntus (kev sib kho tam sim no)

Yog tias koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau khiav ib tsab ntawv ib zaug thiab tsis xav kom qhov kev hloov pauv mus tas li, koj tuaj yeem ua nws li no:

1. Qhib PowerShell ua tus thawj coj.
2. Ua tiav:
   Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope Process -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted

Qhov no tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau PowerShell qhov rai uas koj tau qhib.. Thaum koj kaw nws, txoj cai yuav rov qab mus rau nws lub xeev dhau los.

Teem ib txoj cai tswjfwm rau tag nrho cov neeg siv lossis qhov system

Txhawm rau ua kom qhov kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua, siv ib qho ntawm cov lus txib no raws li qhov tsim nyog:

• Rau tus neeg siv tam sim no:
  Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope CurrentUser -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned
• System-wide (yuav tsum tau tso cai tus thawj tswj hwm):
  Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope LocalMachine -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned

Tus parameter -Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm koj tuaj yeem hloov kho rau Tsis txwv, Txhua Tus Kos Npe o Kos Npe Nyob Deb nyob ntawm seb koj xav tau dab tsi. RemoteSigned feem ntau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg siv thiab cov tsim tawm.

Hloov txoj cai ua tiav los ntawm Windows 11 nqis

Lwm qhov kev xaiv tsawg dua yog nkag mus rau qhov kev xaiv system:

1. Qhib Windows 11 Chaw (koj tuaj yeem coj mus rhaub Yeej + Kuv).
2. Mus rau Tsis pub twg paub thiab kev ruaj ntseg> Rau cov tsim tawm.
3. Saib rau ntu PowerShell.
4. Ua kom muaj kev xaiv los khiav cov ntawv sau hauv zos uas tsis tau kos npe thiab yuav tsum tau kos npe rau cov ntawv sau nyob deb.

Txoj kev no yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov neeg uas tsis xav kov cov lus txib thiab nyiam qhov yooj yim, graphical xaiv.

Feem ntau yuam kev thiab cov lus pom zoo txog kev nyab xeeb

Enabling script execution tuaj yeem muaj kev pheej hmoo yog tias qhov ua tiav tsis raug tswj xyuas zoo.Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li cov lus pom zoo no:

• Tsis txhob rub tawm lossis khiav cov ntawv sau los ntawm qhov tsis paub.Txawm tias muaj kev txwv tsawg dua, tseem ceev faj.
• Siv Kos Npe Nyob Deb thaum twg los tau.
• Tom qab khiav cov ntawv tsim nyog, rov tsim dua txoj cai dhau los (piv txwv li, siv Set-ExecutionPolicy Restricted).
• Hauv kev lag luam ib puag ncig lossis thaum tuav cov ntawv tseem ceeb, Xaiv AllSigned los yog nrog koj tus thawj tswj hwm qhov system..

Cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb: PowerShell, Azure thiab incompatible versions

Muaj cov xwm txheej uas qhov kev ua yuam kev tuaj yeem yog vim qee yam uas tsis yog txoj cai ua tiav. Piv txwv li, nrog cov qauv tshwj xeeb xws li Azure Active Directory, Qee qhov niaj hnub versions ntawm PowerShell tsis txaus siab, thiab qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov yuam kev ntxiv:

• Lub Azure Active Directory classic module tsuas yog ua haujlwm nrog PowerShell 3 rau 5.1Rau cov versions siab dua, thov saib rau lwm qhov lossis hloov kho tshiab ntawm lub module.
• Nco ntsoov khiav modules uas xav tau kev tswj hwm xws li tus thawj coj kom tsis txhob muaj kev tso cai tsis txaus.

Yog tias koj plam koj qhov PowerShell version, tsuas yog khiav:
$PSVersionTable
kom pom tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws.

Kev daws teeb meem ntxiv thiab cov peev txheej pab tau

Qee zaum txawm siv cov lus txib saum toj no koj tseem tuaj yeem ntsib teeb meem. Hauv qhov no:

• Xyuas seb puas muaj Antivirus lossis tuam txhab txoj cai tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv.
• Yog tias qhov yuam kev tsuas yog tshwm sim nrog cov ntawv rub tawm, Txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv cov khoom thiab qhib nws (Right click> Properties> Unlock).
• Xyuas qhov Kev pab cuam Microsoft raug cai thiab cov rooj sab laj tshwj xeeb yog tias nws yog ib puag ncig koom nrog nrog nws tus kheej txoj cai txwv.

Nco ntsoov tias yog tias koj xav tau kev pab ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem tig mus rau qhov PowerShell cov neeg siv zej zog lossis Microsoft txhawb cov channel, txij li thaum lawv feem ntau hloov kho nrog cov kev hloov pauv uas tau qhia los ntawm version.

Kev nkag siab yog vim li cas Windows 11 txwv tsis pub sau ntawv ua tiav hauv PowerShell yog thawj kauj ruam mus rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov ntawv sau tau zoo thiab ruaj ntseg. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov lus pom zoo no, koj yuav daws qhov yuam kev thiab kawm yuav ua li cas tswj hwm koj lub sijhawm ua haujlwm zoo dua, tau txais ntau dua ntawm koj cov automations thiab ua kom koj lub cev tiv thaiv. Hloov chaw tsuas yog thaum tsim nyog thiab nco ntsoov rov pib dua cov cai rau kev nyab xeeb tom qab ua tiav koj cov haujlwm.