Yuav ua li cas thaiv kev sib txuas network tsis txaus ntseeg los ntawm CMD

¿Yuav ua li cas thaiv kev sib txuas network tsis txaus ntseeg los ntawm CMD? Thaum lub khoos phis tawj pib ua haujlwm qeeb lossis koj pom cov haujlwm tsis sib xws hauv network, qhib qhov kev hais kom sai thiab siv cov lus txib feem ntau yog txoj hauv kev ceev tshaj plaws kom rov qab tswj tau. Tsuas yog ob peb cov lus txib, koj tuaj yeem ua tau ntes thiab thaiv kev sib txuas uas tsis txaus ntseegTshawb xyuas qhib cov chaw nres nkoj thiab ntxiv dag zog rau koj txoj kev ruaj ntseg yam tsis tau txhim kho dab tsi ntxiv.

Hauv tsab xov xwm no koj yuav pom cov lus qhia ua tiav, siv tau raws li cov cuab yeej ib txwm muaj (CMD, PowerShell, thiab cov khoom siv xws li netstat thiab netsh). Koj yuav pom li cas txheeb xyuas cov kev sib tham txawv txawvCov kev ntsuas dab tsi los saib xyuas, yuav ua li cas thaiv cov kev sib txuas Wi-Fi tshwj xeeb, thiab yuav ua li cas los tsim cov cai hauv Windows Firewall lossis txawm tias FortiGate, txhua tus tau piav qhia meej thiab ncaj ncees.

Netstat: nws yog dab tsi, nws yog dab tsi, thiab vim li cas nws tseem ceeb

Lub npe netstat los ntawm "network" thiab "statistics", thiab nws txoj haujlwm yog qhov tseeb los muab txheeb cais thiab cov xwm txheej sib txuas hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag. Nws tau koom ua ke rau hauv Windows thiab Linux txij li xyoo 90, thiab koj tuaj yeem pom nws hauv lwm lub tshuab xws li macOS lossis BeOS, txawm tias tsis muaj graphical interface.

Khiav nws hauv lub console yuav tso cai rau koj pom cov kev sib txuas nquag, cov chaw nres nkoj hauv kev siv, chaw nyob hauv zos thiab thaj chaw deb, thiab, feem ntau, cov ntsiab lus meej ntawm qhov tshwm sim hauv koj pawg TCP / IP. Muaj qhov no tam sim network scan Nws pab koj teeb tsa, kuaj xyuas, thiab nce qib kev ruaj ntseg ntawm koj lub computer lossis server.

Saib xyuas cov khoom siv twg txuas, cov chaw nres nkoj twg qhib, thiab koj lub router teeb tsa li cas yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nrog netstat, koj kuj tau txais routing tables thiab txheeb cais raws tu qauv uas coj koj thaum ib yam dab tsi tsis ntxiv: kev tsheb ntau dhau, yuam kev, congestion, lossis kev sib txuas tsis raug cai.

Cov lus qhia muaj txiaj ntsig: Ua ntej khiav qhov kev tshuaj xyuas hnyav nrog netstat, kaw txhua daim ntawv thov koj tsis xav tau thiab txawm tias Rov pib dua yog tias ua tauTxoj kev no koj yuav zam lub suab nrov thiab tau txais qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseem ceeb.

Kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo thiab kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv

Khiav netstat nws tus kheej yuav tsis ua txhaum koj lub PC, tab sis siv nws ntau dhau lossis nrog ntau qhov tsis sib xws tuaj yeem haus CPU thiab nco. Yog tias koj khiav nws tsis tu ncua lossis lim dej hiav txwv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, qhov system load nce thiab kev ua haujlwm yuav raug kev txom nyem.

Txhawm rau txo nws qhov cuam tshuam, txwv nws mus rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb thiab kho qhov tsis zoo. Yog tias koj xav tau kev khiav mus tas li, ntsuas cov cuab yeej saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Thiab nco ntsoov: tsawg dua thaum lub hom phiaj yog los tshawb xyuas cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb.

• Txwv kev siv rau lub sijhawm thaum koj xav tau tiag tiag saib kev sib txuas ua ke los yog txheeb cais.
• Lim kom meej kom pom tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog.
• Tsis txhob teem sijhawm ua tiav ntawm lub sijhawm luv luv uas saturate cov peev txheej.
• Xav txog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav saib xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag siab dua.

Qhov zoo thiab kev txwv ntawm kev siv netstat

Netstat tseem nrov ntawm cov thawj coj thiab cov kws tshaj lij vim nws muab Kev pom tam sim ntawm kev sib txuas thiab cov chaw nres nkoj siv los ntawm kev siv. Hauv vib nas this koj tuaj yeem tshawb pom leej twg tham nrog leej twg thiab los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj twg.

Nws kuj pab txhawb cov saib xyuas thiab daws teeb meemCongestion, bottlenecks, persistent kev sib txuas ... nws tag nrho los txog rau lub teeb thaum koj saib cov xwm txheej thiab txheeb cais.

• Kev tshawb nrhiav ceev ntawm kev sib txuas uas tsis tau tso cai los yog muaj peev xwm nkag tau.
• Session tracking nruab nrab ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thiab cov servers los nrhiav kev sib tsoo lossis latencies.
• Kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm los ntawm cov txheej txheem los saib xyuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhim kho uas lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws.

Thiab nws tsis ua li cas zoo? Nws tsis muab cov ntaub ntawv (uas tsis yog nws lub hom phiaj), nws cov khoom tso tawm tuaj yeem nyuaj rau cov neeg siv tsis siv neeg, thiab hauv loj heev ib puag ncig tsis scale raws li ib tug tshwj xeeb system (SNMP, piv txwv li). Tsis tas li ntawd, nws txoj kev siv tau poob qis hauv kev pom zoo PowerShell thiab cov khoom siv niaj hnub ntau dua nrog cov txiaj ntsig pom tseeb dua.

Yuav siv netstat li cas los ntawm CMD thiab nyeem nws cov txiaj ntsig

Qhib CMD ua tus thawj tswj hwm (Pib, ntaus "cmd", right-click, Run as administrator) lossis siv Terminal hauv Windows 11. Ces ntaus netstat thiab nias Enter kom tau txais daim duab ntawm lub sijhawm.

Koj yuav pom txhua kab nrog raws tu qauv (TCP/UDP), chaw nyob hauv zos thiab tej thaj chaw deb nrog lawv cov chaw nres nkoj, thiab cov xwm txheej (LISTENING, ESTABLISHED, TIME_WAIT, thiab lwm yam). Yog tias koj xav tau cov lej siv cov npe chaw nres nkoj, khiav netstat -n rau kev nyeem ntawv ncaj qha ntxiv.

Hloov tshiab raws sijhawm? Koj tuaj yeem qhia nws kom rov ua dua txhua X vib nas this ntawm lub sijhawm: piv txwv li, npe-n 7 Nws yuav hloov kho cov zis txhua 7 vib nas this los soj ntsuam kev hloov pauv nyob.

Yog tias koj tsuas yog txaus siab rau kev sib txuas tsim, lim cov zis nrog findstr: netstat | findstr ESTABLISHEDHloov mus rau LISTENING, CLOSE_WAIT lossis TIME_WAIT yog tias koj xav pom lwm lub xeev.

Muaj txiaj ntsig netstat parameter rau kev tshawb nrhiav

Cov kev hloov pauv no tso cai rau koj txo suab nrov thiab tsom ntsoov rau yam koj tab tom nrhiav:

• -a: qhia kev sib txuas ua haujlwm thiab tsis ua haujlwm thiab mloog cov chaw nres nkoj.
• -e: interface pob ntawv txheeb cais (ntaus / tawm).
• -f: daws thiab qhia txog tej thaj chaw deb FQDNs (tag nrho cov tsim nyog sau npe).
• -n: qhia txog qhov chaw nres nkoj tsis daws teeb meem thiab tus lej IP (ceev dua).
• -o: ntxiv PID ntawm cov txheej txheem uas tswj kev sib txuas.
• -p X: lim los ntawm kev cai (TCP, UDP, tcpv6, tcpv4...).
• -q: query linked listens and non-listening ports.
• -sKev txheeb cais pawg raws tu qauv (TCP, UDP, ICMP, IPv4/IPv6).
• -r: tam sim no routing rooj ntawm qhov system.
• -t: cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev sib txuas hauv lub xeev rub tawm.
• -x: NetworkDirect kev sib txuas lus qhia.

Cov piv txwv zoo rau lub neej niaj hnub

Txhawm rau sau cov chaw nres nkoj qhib thiab txuas nrog lawv PID, khiav netstat - uaNrog rau qhov PID koj tuaj yeem hla cov txheej txheem hauv Task Manager lossis nrog cov cuab yeej zoo li TCPView.

Yog tias koj tsuas yog xav txog kev sib txuas IPv4, lim los ntawm cov txheej txheem nrog netstat -p IP thiab koj yuav txuag suab nrov ntawm txoj kev tawm.

Ntiaj teb no txheeb cais raws tu qauv los ntawm netstat -sWhereas yog tias koj xav tau cov haujlwm ntawm cov interfaces (xa / tau txais) nws yuav ua haujlwm netstat -e kom muaj tus lej tseeb.

Txhawm rau taug qab qhov teeb meem nrog kev daws teeb meem lub npe chaw taws teeb, ua ke netstat -f nrog filtering: piv txwv li, netstat -f | findstr mydomain Nws yuav rov qab tsuas yog qhov sib tw ntawm lub npe.

Thaum Wi-Fi qeeb thiab netstat yog tag nrho ntawm kev sib txuas txawv txawv

Ib rooj plaub classic: qeeb browsing, kev ntsuas ceev uas yuav siv sij hawm ib pliag los pib tab sis muab cov duab qub, thiab thaum khiav netstat, cov hauv qab no tshwm sim: kaum ob ntawm kev sib txuas ESTABLISHEDFeem ntau tus neeg ua txhaum yog tus browser (piv txwv li Firefox, vim nws txoj hauv kev tuav ntau lub qhov (socket), thiab txawm tias koj kaw qhov rais, cov txheej txheem keeb kwm yav dhau tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv ua ntu.

Yuav ua li cas? Ua ntej, txheeb xyuas nrog netstat - ua Nco ntsoov cov PIDs. Tom qab ntawd kos hauv Task Manager lossis nrog Process Explorer / TCPView uas cov txheej txheem nyob tom qab nws. Yog tias qhov kev sib txuas thiab cov txheej txheem zoo li tsis txaus ntseeg, xav txog kev thaiv tus IP chaw nyob ntawm Windows Firewall. khiav antivirus scan Thiab, yog tias qhov kev pheej hmoo zoo li siab rau koj, txiav tawm cov khoom siv los ntawm lub network ib ntus kom txog thaum nws pom tseeb.

Yog tias dej nyab ntawm cov ntu txuas ntxiv tom qab rov txhim kho qhov browser, tshawb xyuas txuas ntxiv, kaw ib ntus synchronization, thiab saib seb lwm tus neeg siv khoom (xws li koj lub xov tooj ntawm tes) kuj qeeb: qhov no taw qhia rau qhov teeb meem. network/ISP teeb meem es tsis yog hauv zos software.

Nco ntsoov tias netstat tsis yog lub sijhawm saib xyuas, tab sis koj tuaj yeem simulate ib qho nrog npe-n 5 kom refresh txhua 5 vib nas this. Yog tias koj xav tau lub vaj huam sib luag txuas ntxiv thiab yooj yim dua, ua tib zoo saib TCPView los yog ntau dua kev saib xyuas kev xaiv.

Thaiv tshwj xeeb Wi-Fi tes hauj lwm los ntawm CMD

Yog tias muaj cov tes hauj lwm nyob ze uas koj tsis xav pom lossis kom koj lub cuab yeej sim siv, koj tuaj yeem ua tau lim lawv los ntawm consoleCov lus txib tso cai rau koj thaiv ib qho SSID tshwj xeeb thiab tswj nws yam tsis tau kov lub graphical vaj huam sib luag.

Qhib CMD ua tus thawj tswj hwm thiab siv:

netsh wlan add filter permission=block ssid="Nombre real de la red" networktype=infrastructure

Tom qab khiav nws, lub network ntawd yuav ploj ntawm cov npe ntawm cov network muaj. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov koj tau thaiv, tso tawm netsh wlan qhia cov ntawv tso cai = thaivThiab yog tias koj khuv xim nws, rho tawm nws nrog:

netsh wlan delete filter permission=block ssid="Nombre real de la red" networktype=infrastructure

Thaiv IP chaw nyob tsis txaus ntseeg nrog Windows Firewall

Yog tias koj pom tias tib qhov chaw IP pej xeem tab tom sim ua qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tawm tsam koj cov kev pabcuam, cov lus teb ceev yog tsim ib txoj cai uas thaiv Cov kev sib txuas. Hauv graphical console, ntxiv txoj cai kev cai, siv rau "Tag nrho cov kev pab cuam", raws tu qauv "Ib yam", qhia cov chaw taws teeb IPs los thaiv, kos "Block qhov kev twb kev txuas" thiab siv rau domain/private/public.

Koj puas nyiam automation? Nrog PowerShell, koj tuaj yeem tsim, hloov kho, lossis tshem tawm cov cai yam tsis tau nyem. Piv txwv li, txhawm rau thaiv Telnet cov tsheb khiav tawm thiab tom qab ntawd txwv qhov chaw nyob IP chaw nyob, koj tuaj yeem siv cov cai nrog New-NetFirewallRule thiab tom qab ntawd kho nrog Teeb-NetFirewallRule.

# Bloquear tráfico saliente de Telnet (ejemplo)
New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "Block Outbound Telnet" -Direction Outbound -Program %SystemRoot%\System32\telnet.exe -Protocol TCP -LocalPort 23 -Action Block

# Cambiar una regla existente para fijar IP remota
Get-NetFirewallPortFilter | ?{ $_.LocalPort -eq 80 } | Get-NetFirewallRule | ?{ $_.Direction -eq "Inbound" -and $_.Action -eq "Allow" } | Set-NetFirewallRule -RemoteAddress 192.168.0.2

Txhawm rau tswj cov kev cai los ntawm pab pawg lossis tshem tawm cov cai thaiv hauv ntau, cia siab rau Qhib / Disable / Tshem tawm-NetFirewallRule thiab hauv queries nrog wildcards lossis lim los ntawm cov khoom.

Cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws: Tsis txhob kaw qhov kev pabcuam Firewall

Microsoft tawm tswv yim tawm tsam kev txwv qhov kev pabcuam Firewall (MpsSvc). Ua li no tuaj yeem ua rau Start menu teeb meem, teeb meem txhim kho cov apps niaj hnub, lossis lwm yam teeb meem. ua kom yuam kev Hauv xov tooj. Yog hais tias, raws li txoj cai, koj yuav tsum tau lov tes taw profiles, ua li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub firewall los yog GPO configuration theem, tab sis cia cov kev pab cuam khiav.

Profiles (domain/private/public) thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo (tso cai / thaiv) tuaj yeem teeb tsa los ntawm kab hais kom ua lossis firewall console. Ua kom cov txheej txheem no zoo-txhais tau tiv thaiv tsis yeem qhov thaum tsim cov cai tshiab.

FortiGate: Thaiv SSL VPN sim los ntawm pej xeem IPs tsis txaus ntseeg

Yog tias koj siv FortiGate thiab pom kev nkag mus tsis tau rau koj SSL VPN los ntawm IPs tsis paub, tsim ib qho chaw nyob (piv txwv li, blacklistip) thiab ntxiv tag nrho cov tsis sib haum xeeb IPs nyob ntawd.

Ntawm lub console, nkag mus rau SSL VPN nqis nrog config vpn ssl kev teeb tsa thiab siv: teeb qhov chaw-chaw nyob "blacklistipp" y teeb qhov chaw-chaw nyob-negate enableCov. Nrog a qhia tau tias Koj paub tseeb tias nws tau thov. Txoj kev no, thaum ib tus neeg los ntawm cov IPs, qhov kev sib txuas yuav raug tsis lees paub txij thaum pib.

Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas kev sib tsoo tus IP thiab chaw nres nkoj, koj tuaj yeem siv kuaj mob sniffer pob ntawv ib qho "tus tswv XXXX thiab chaw nres nkoj 10443" 4, thiab nrog tau vpn ssl saib Koj txheeb xyuas cov kev tso cai los ntawm IPs tsis suav nrog hauv daim ntawv teev npe.

Lwm txoj kev yog SSL_VPN> txwv kev nkag> txwv kev nkag mus rau cov tswv tshwj xeebTxawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no qhov kev tsis lees paub tshwm sim tom qab nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, tsis yog tam sim ntawd raws li ntawm console.

Lwm txoj hauv kev rau netstat rau saib thiab txheeb xyuas cov tsheb khiav

Yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav kev nplij siab ntau dua lossis nthuav dav, muaj cov cuab yeej uas muab rau nws. graphics, cov ntxaij lim dej siab heev, thiab kev ntes tob ntawm pob:

• Wireshark: kev ntes thiab tsom xam ntawm txhua theem.
• iprub 2 (Linux): cov khoom siv los tswj TCP/UDP thiab IPv4/IPv6.
• GlassWireKev tshuaj xyuas network nrog kev tswj hwm firewall thiab tsom mus rau kev ceev ntiag tug.
• Uptrends Uptime MonitorKev saib xyuas qhov chaw tsis tu ncua thiab ceeb toom.
• Germain UX: Kev saib xyuas tsom mus rau ntsug xws li nyiaj txiag lossis kev noj qab haus huv.
• ateraRMM suite nrog saib xyuas thiab nkag mus rau tej thaj chaw deb.
• CloudsharkWeb analytics thiab screenshot sib koom.
• iptraf / iftop (Linux): Kev tsheb khiav ntawm lub sijhawm tiag tiag ntawm qhov kev nkag siab zoo heev.
• ss (Socket Statistics) (Linux): niaj hnub, pom tseeb dua rau netstat.

IP thaiv thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig ntawm SEO, ntxiv rau cov tswv yim txo qis

Kev thaiv IPs nruj ua rau muaj kev nkag siab, tab sis ceev faj nrog thaiv kev tshawb nrhiav cav botsVim koj yuav poob indexing. Kev thaiv lub tebchaws tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov neeg siv raug cai (lossis VPNs) thiab txo koj qhov kev pom hauv qee thaj tsam.

Complementary ntsuas: ntxiv CAPTCHAs Txhawm rau nres bots, siv tus nqi capping los tiv thaiv kev tsim txom thiab tso CDN txhawm rau txo DDoS los ntawm kev faib cov khoom hla ntawm cov kab sib faib.

Yog tias koj hosting siv Apache thiab koj muaj geo-blocking enabled ntawm server, koj tuaj yeem ua tau redirect mus ntsib los ntawm ib lub teb chaws tshwj xeeb siv .htaccess nrog txoj cai rov sau dua ( piv txwv dav dav):

RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{ENV:GEOIP_COUNTRY_CODE} ^CN$
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://tu-dominio.com/pagina-de-error.html [R=301,L]

Txhawm rau thaiv IPs ntawm hosting (Plesk), koj tuaj yeem hloov kho .htaccess thiab tsis kam lees qhov chaw nyob tshwj xeeb, ib txwm nrog kev thaub qab ua ntej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv rooj plaub koj xav tau rov qab hloov pauv.

Tswj Windows Firewall hauv qhov tob siv PowerShell thiab netsh

Tshaj li tsim cov cai ntawm tus kheej, PowerShell muab kev tswj kom tiav rau koj: txhais cov default profiles, tsim / hloov kho / rho tawm cov cai thiab txawm tias ua haujlwm tawm tsam Active Directory GPOs nrog cached zaug kom txo cov load ntawm cov tswj hwm.

Cov piv txwv ceev: tsim ib txoj cai, hloov nws qhov chaw nyob tej thaj chaw deb, qhib / kaw tag nrho pawg, thiab tshem tawm cov cai thaiv nyob rau hauv ib tug poob swoop. Cov qauv tsim qauv tso cai rau kev nug cov ntxaij lim dej rau cov chaw nres nkoj, cov ntawv thov, lossis chaw nyob thiab cov txiaj ntsig chaining nrog cov kav dej.

Txhawm rau tswj cov pab pawg nyob deb, cia siab rau WinRM thiab cov parameters -CimSessionQhov no tso cai rau koj sau cov cai, hloov kho, lossis tshem tawm cov ntawv nkag ntawm lwm lub tshuab yam tsis tau tawm hauv koj lub console.

yuam kev hauv scripts? Siv -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue txhawm rau txhawm rau "txoj cai tsis pom" thaum tshem tawm, -Yog dab tsi saib ua ntej thiab - Paub meej Yog tias koj xav tau kev pom zoo rau txhua yam khoom. Nrog -Cov lus Koj yuav muaj cov ntsiab lus ntxiv txog kev ua tiav.

IPsec: Kev lees paub, encryption, thiab kev cais raws txoj cai

Thaum koj tsuas yog xav tau kev lees paub lossis kev nkag mus nkag mus dhau los, koj ua ke Firewall thiab IPsec cov caiTsim cov kev cai thauj mus los, txhais cov txheej txheem cryptographic thiab cov txheej txheem kev lees paub, thiab koom nrog cov kev cai tsim nyog.

Yog tias koj tus khub xav tau IKEv2, koj tuaj yeem teev nws hauv IPsec txoj cai nrog kev lees paub los ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj ntaus ntawv. Qhov no kuj ua tau. luam cov cai los ntawm ib qho GPO mus rau lwm qhov thiab lawv cov teeb meem cuam tshuam kom nrawm xa mus.

Txhawm rau cais cov tswv cuab sau npe, siv cov cai uas yuav tsum muaj kev lees paub rau kev nkag mus thiab xav tau nws rau cov tsheb khiav tawm. Koj tuaj yeem ua tau xav tau kev ua tswv cuab hauv pab pawg nrog SDDL chains, txwv tsis pub nkag mus rau cov neeg siv kev tso cai / khoom siv.

Cov ntawv thov tsis tau encrypted (xws li telnet) yuav raug yuam kom siv IPsec yog tias koj tsim ib qho "tso cai yog muaj kev ruaj ntseg" firewall txoj cai thiab IPsec txoj cai uas Yuav tsum tau authentication thiab encryptionTxoj kev ntawd tsis muaj dab tsi mus kom meej meej.

Authenticated bypass thiab endpoint kev ruaj ntseg

Authenticated bypass tso cai rau kev khiav tsheb los ntawm cov neeg siv kev ntseeg siab lossis cov khoom siv los hla kev thaiv cov cai. Pab tau rau hloov tshiab thiab scanning servers tsis qhib qhov chaw nres nkoj rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb.

Yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav rau qhov kawg-rau-kawg kev ruaj ntseg hla ntau lub apps, es tsis txhob tsim txoj cai rau txhua tus, txav mus tso cai rau IPsec txheej nrog cov npe ntawm cov tshuab / cov neeg siv pab pawg tau tso cai nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb configuration.

Mastering netstat kom pom leej twg txuas, leveraging netsh thiab PowerShell los tswj cov cai, thiab ntsuas nrog IPsec lossis perimeter firewalls zoo li FortiGate muab rau koj tswj koj lub network. Nrog CMD-raws li Wi-Fi lim, tsim IP thaiv zoo, kev ceev faj SEO, thiab lwm yam cuab yeej thaum koj xav tau kev tshuaj xyuas qhov tob, koj yuav muaj peev xwm tshawb xyuas cov kev sib txuas uas tsis txaus ntseeg hauv lub sijhawm thiab thaiv lawv yam tsis cuam tshuam koj cov haujlwm.