Advanced PowerShell Tricks rau Administrators

Xeem hloov tshiab: 20/03/2025

  • PowerShell yog lub cuab yeej muaj zog rau kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm Windows systems.
  • Tso cai rau kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem, cov kev pabcuam thiab kev sib koom tes los ntawm cov lus txib thiab cov ntawv sau.
  • Nws muaj peev xwm los tswj cov ntaub ntawv, khiav cov kev pab cuam, thiab teeb tsa servers ua rau nws tseem ceeb.
  • Siv cmdlets thiab modules nthuav koj IT kev tswj hwm thiab kev ruaj ntseg muaj peev xwm.
Advanced PowerShell-0 Tricks

PowerShell Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej muaj zog tshaj plaws uas cov kws tshaj lij IT, cov thawj coj ua haujlwm, thiab cov neeg nyiam ua haujlwm tuaj yeem siv tau. Txawm hais tias muaj coob tus neeg paub cov lus txib yooj yim, ob peb tus ua tau zoo ntawm lawv lub peev xwm siab heev. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb txog qee qhov ntawm Advanced PowerShell tricks pab tau ntau dua.

Los ntawm Cov cov lus txib mus tshwj xeeb configurations, Ntawm no koj yuav pom ntau txoj hauv kev los txhim kho kev tswj hwm lub cev, txhim kho cov txheej txheem thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov lus muaj zog no.. Txawm hais tias koj yog ib tus neeg pib tab tom nrhiav kom nkag siab tob rau hauv lub ncauj lus lossis ib tus neeg kawm paub txog tab tom nrhiav coj koj txoj kev paub mus rau qib tom ntej, qhov no yuav txaus siab rau koj.

Vim li cas thiaj siv PowerShell hloov CMD?

Yog tias koj tau siv txoj kab ntawm Windows commands (CMD), tej zaum koj yuav xav tsis thoob vim li cas koj yuav tsum hloov mus rau PowerShell. Cov lus teb yog yooj yim: PowerShell muaj zog ntau dua, hloov tau thiab ntau yam. Tsis tsuas yog nws tso cai rau koj los khiav ib tus neeg cov lus txib, tab sis nws kuj tseem muaj cov lus sau siab heev, ua rau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm.

  • Advanced automation: PowerShell tso cai rau koj los ua kom tiav cov haujlwm tedious siv cov ntawv customizable.
  • Kev sib tham nrog APIs thiab systems: Koj tuaj yeem nkag mus tau yooj yim cov chaw khaws cia, databases, thiab cov kev pabcuam huab.
  • Kev tswj ntau dua thiab kho kom haum: Thaum CMD tsuas muaj cov lus txib yooj yim, PowerShell ua kom yooj yim los tsim cov ntawv sau thiab cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov tshuab hauv txoj hauv kev siab heev.
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Yuav ua li cas qhib PowerShell hauv Windows

Txhawm rau pib siv cov cuab yeej muaj zog no, ua ntej kawm txog kev ua kom zoo tshaj ntawm PowerShell, koj thawj zaug yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas tso nws ntawm koj lub Windows operating system. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua qhov no:

  • Los ntawm cov zaub mov pib: Ntaus "PowerShell" hauv qhov tshawb nrhiav thiab xaiv Windows PowerShell. Yog tias koj xav tau kev tso cai siab, nyem nyem thiab xaiv Run as administrator.
  • Siv cov keyboard shortcut: Xov Xwm Yeej + X thiab xaiv Qhov rai Terminal (Admin) hauv daim ntawv teev npe.
  • Los ntawm cov lus txib: Qhib CMD thiab ntaus "powershell", ces nias Enter.

Thaum qhib, koj tuaj yeem pib ntaus cov lus txib ncaj qha lossis tsim cov ntawv sau los ua kom cov txheej txheem nyuaj dua.

Advanced PowerShell Tricks

Cov lus txib tseem ceeb hauv PowerShell

Rau cov neeg uas nyuam qhuav pib tawm hauv qhov chaw no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub qee qhov cov lus txib tseem ceeb uas yuav ua kom yooj yim rau kev taw qhia thiab siv PowerShell:

  • Tau txais kev pab: Qhia cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ib qho lus txib muaj nyob hauv PowerShell.
  • Txais-Command: Sau tag nrho cov lus txib muaj nyob rau hauv qhov system.
  • Txheej txheem: Qhia ib daim ntawv teev tag nrho cov txheej txheem khiav.
  • Nres-txheej txheem: Xaus cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb los ntawm nws lub npe lossis tus cim.
  • Txais-Service: Sau tag nrho cov kev pabcuam tau teeb tsa hauv lub system nrog lawv cov xwm txheej.
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Automating Tasks nrog PowerShell

Cia peb coj cov khoom nce qib thiab saib qee qhov kev ua yuam kev PowerShell siab heev. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej no yog nws lub peev xwm automate cov haujlwm. Qhov no ua tiav los ntawm cov ntawv sau thiab cmdlets uas tso cai rau koj los ua cov haujlwm nyuaj los ntawm kev ua tiav ib qho lus txib.

Tsim ib tsab ntawv yooj yim

Txhawm rau pib nrog automation, tsuas yog qhib PowerShell ISE lossis cov ntawv nyeem thiab sau ntawv nrog txuas ntxiv .ps1. Nov yog ib qho piv txwv yooj yim:

$fecha = Get-Date
Write-Output "La fecha actual es: $fecha"

Txuag tsab ntawv no ua "my_script.ps1" thiab khiav nws los ntawm PowerShell kom pom cov zis.

Teem sijhawm ua haujlwm nrog PowerShell

Yog tias koj xav tau khiav ib tsab ntawv cia li ntawm ib ntus, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov Windows Task Scheduler. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, ua raws cov kauj ruam no:

  1. Qhib Task Scheduler thiab tsim ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim tshiab.
  2. Xaiv ntau npaum li cas koj xav kom nws khiav.
  3. Hauv qhov kev txiav txim, xaiv "Start a program" thiab xaiv "powershell.exe".
  4. Hauv kev sib cav, ntxiv txoj hauv kev rau koj tsab ntawv (piv txwv li, "C:\Scripts\my_script.ps1").
  5. Txuag txoj haujlwm thiab xyuas kom tseeb tias nws ua haujlwm raug.
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Advanced PowerShell-4 Tricks

 

Advanced PowerShell Tricks: Cmdlets, Modules, thiab Scripting

Ntau qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm PowerShell: kev siv cov siab heev cmdlets, modules, thiab scripts. Tom ntej no, peb yuav tshawb txog qee yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv no:

Ntshuam thiab export cov ntaub ntawv

PowerShell tso cai rau koj ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv, xws li CSV thiab JSON. Qee qhov muaj txiaj ntsig cmdlets suav nrog:

  • Export-CSV: Txuag cov ntaub ntawv hauv CSV hom.
  • Ntshuam-CSV: Load cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm CSV cov ntaub ntawv.
  • ConvertTo-Json: Hloov cov ntaub ntawv rau JSON hom.
  • ConvertFrom-Json: Ntshuam cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm JSON.

Siv cov modules

Modules hauv PowerShell tso cai rau koj txuas ntxiv nws lub peev xwm los ntawm kev xa cov haujlwm ntxiv. Txhawm rau nrhiav cov modules muaj, siv cov lus txib no:

Find-Module

Tom qab ntawd, rau nruab lawv:

Install-Module -Name NombreDelModulo

Thiab txhawm rau thauj cov module rau hauv koj qhov kev sib tham:

Import-Module NombreDelModulo

PowerShell yog ib qho cuab yeej muaj zog heev uas ua rau cov thawj coj ua haujlwm thiab cov kws tshaj lij IT kom ua tiav qib tshiab ntawm automation thiab tswj. Kawm paub cov txuj ci PowerShell qib siab no thiab siv lawv cov ntawv sau rau hauv koj lub neej niaj hnub tuaj yeem ua qhov sib txawv loj hauv Txhim kho koj qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua kom koj lub sijhawm zoo.