Yuav ua li cas kom tshem tawm Background los ntawm Video

Yuav tshem tawm li cas keeb kwm yav dhau rau ib qho video?

tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm ib qho video Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov khoom siv suab. Los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm ib qho chaw, koj tuaj yeem tsim cov duab pob tshab lossis hloov cov keeb kwm yav dhau los nrog ib qho tshiab, muab kev muaj tswv yim tsis kawg. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav nthuav qhia cov tswv yim thiab cov cuab yeej rau tshem cov keeb kwm yav dhau mus rau ib qho video zoo thiab tshaj lij.⁢ Yog tias koj txaus siab kawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb no rau kev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tom qab, nyeem ntxiv!

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm video Nws tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim thiab yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev paub thiab software tshwj xeeb. Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev xaiv muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, los ntawm cov kev pab cuam video kho kom zoo rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb tsim los rau cropping⁢ thiab tom qab tshem tawm.

Muaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv rau rho tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm video, tab sis feem ntau siv yog siv cov txheej txheem chroma key. Cov txheej txheem no yog ua raws li kev ua yeeb yaj kiab ua ntej mus rau ib qho screen khoom xim, ⁢ feem ntau yog ntsuab lossis xiav, uas yog muab tshem tawm tom qab tsim khoom. Cov txheej txheem no yog hu ua "keying" thiab ua tiav nrog kev pab ntawm video editing software thiab tshwj xeeb plugins.

Lwm qhov kev xaiv rau kev tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev yees duab yog kev siv cov txheej txheem rotoscoping. Tsis zoo li chroma, rotoscoping muaj manually crop cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov yees duab, tracing nws contours thav duab los ntawm ncej. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntau dua thiab siv sijhawm ntev, tab sis siv tau zoo hauv cov xwm txheej uas chroma tsis yog qhov kev xaiv zoo, xws li thaum tus neeg kawm hnav khaub ncaws ntawm tib xim raws li keeb kwm yav dhau.

Thaum xaus, tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm video Nws yog ib txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb thiab tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum muaj kev paub thiab cov cuab yeej tsim nyog. Txawm hais tias los ntawm kev siv tus yuam sij chroma lossis rotoscoping, cov txheej txheem no yog qhov tseem ceeb kom ua tiav qhov pom kev zoo nkauj thiab qhib lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev muaj tswv yim zoo. Nco ntsoov xyaum thiab sim nrog cov txheej txheem sib txawv thiab cov kev pab cuam kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. hauv koj qhov project video tom qab kev tsim khoom.

- Tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev yees duab siv video editing software

Tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev yees duab Nws yog ib txoj hauj lwm uas yuav ua tau yooj yim ua tiav siv video editing software. Ib qho ntawm cov kev pabcuam nrov tshaj plaws thiab siv dav rau txoj haujlwm no yog Adobe premiere Pro. Los ntawm no⁤ software, koj muaj peev xwm mus tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm video thiab hloov nws ⁢ nrog lwm tus ntawm koj xaiv, lossis tsuas yog tso nws pob tshab. Cov txheej txheem no muaj txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb yog tias koj xav ntxiv cov teebmeem tshwj xeeb, overlays, lossis animations rau koj cov yeeb yaj kiab.

Thawj kauj ruam mus tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm video hauv Adobe Premiere Pro yog kom ⁢ import cov ntaub ntawv video rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam ncua sij hawm. Thaum koj tau thauj cov vis dis aus, koj yuav tsum nrhiav qhov "Effects" vaj huam sib luag hauv "Window" tab thiab nrhiav qhov "Chrome Key" kev xaiv. Xaiv tus yuam sij chrome qhib lub vaj huam sib luag tshiab uas koj tuaj yeem kho qhov chaw sib txawv rau cov txheej txheem tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau. Ntawm no, koj tuaj yeem kho cov xim ntau yam ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau ⁤ koj xav tshem tawm, nrog rau qib rhiab heev los xyuas kom meej tias cov software raug txheeb xyuas cov xim tom qab kom raug tshem tawm.

Tom qab teeb tsa lub chrome qhov tseem ceeb, koj tsuas yog siv cov nyhuv rau koj cov vis dis aus. Lub software yuav cia li pib txheeb xyuas qhov sib lawv liag ntawm cov duab thiab tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau raws li cov chaw koj tau ua. Yog tias lub software tsis ua tiav tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los lossis yog tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, koj tuaj yeem hloov kho ntxiv kom txog thaum koj tau txais qhov xav tau. Thaum koj txaus siab⁢ nrog ⁤ qhov tshwm sim, koj tuaj yeem⁤ xa tawm cov yeeb yaj kiab tsis muaj qab hau thiab siv nws hauv lwm qhov project lossis platforms ntawm koj xaiv. Nws yog qhov yooj yim kom tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev yees duab siv video editing software zoo li Adobe Premiere Pro!

- ⁤ Cov cuab yeej tsim nyog los tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev yees duab

Cov cuab yeej xav tau los tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm video

Thaum nws los txog tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm video, Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj cov cuab yeej zoo kom ua tiav qhov txiaj ntsig zoo. Muaj ntau ntau cov kev pab cuam thiab cov ntawv thov uas pab txhawb txoj haujlwm no, thiab hauv cov ntawv tshaj tawm no peb yuav nthuav tawm qee qhov ua tau zoo thiab siv tau yooj yim.

1. Video editing programs: Adobe Premiere Pro thiab kawg Hlais Pro yog ob ntawm cov cuab yeej nrov tshaj plaws rau kev tshaj lij video editing. Cov kev pabcuam no muaj cov haujlwm ua haujlwm siab heev uas tso cai tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm video meej. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj kev xaiv los kho qhov sib piv, teeb pom kev zoo thiab lwm yam uas tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov txiaj ntsig kawg.

2. Duab editing software: Lwm qhov kev xaiv yog siv cov duab editing software xws li Adobe Photoshop lossis GIMP. Cov kev pab cuam no tso cai rau koj xaiv thiab rho tawm keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm tus yees duab manually, siv cov cuab yeej xaiv thiab txheej. Txawm hais tias nws yuav xav tau sijhawm thiab siv zog ntau dua, qhov kev xaiv no ua rau koj tswj tau ntau dua ntawm qhov kawg tshwm sim.

3. Cov cuab yeej online: Yog tias koj xav tau kev daws teeb meem sai dua thiab yooj yim dua, muaj ntau yam cuab yeej muaj nyob hauv online uas tso cai rau koj tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev yees duab yam tsis tas yuav rub tawm ib qho program. Piv txwv ntawm cov cuab yeej no yog Remove.bg, Unscreen thiab Kapwing. Tsuas yog upload cov yees duab, xaiv thaj chaw koj xav khaws cia, thiab lub cuab yeej yuav saib xyuas nws. tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau cia li tau.

Nco ntsoov tias txhua lub cuab yeej muaj nws tus yam ntxwv thiab muaj peev xwm, ⁢ yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv ib qho uas haum rau koj cov kev xav tau thiab qib kev txawj ntse. Sim nrog cov kev xaiv sib txawv thiab tshuaj xyuas cov lus qhia⁤ lossis cov lus qhia siv rau txhua lub cuab yeej kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Tsis txhob poob siab yog tias thaum xub thawj koj tsis ua tiav qhov kev xav tau, kev xyaum ua kom zoo meej!

- Kev npaj ua ntej pib txheej txheem tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau

Kev npaj ua ntej pib txheej txheem tshem tawm tom qab

Ua ntej koj pib tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev yees duab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau ua qee qhov kev npaj los xyuas kom meej qhov txiaj ntsig zoo. Hauv qab no yog qee cov lus pom zoo kom nco ntsoov ua ntej pib txheej txheem:

1. Xaiv cov software tsim nyog: Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev xaiv software muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam kom tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm video. Nco ntsoov tias koj xaiv cov software uas zoo tshaj plaws rau koj cov kev xav tau thiab qib ntawm kev paub. Qee qhov program nrov suav nrog Adobe⁤ Tom qab teebmeem, Kawg Hlais Pro ⁤ thiab Camtasia.

2. Npaj cov yeeb yaj kiab kom raug: Ua ntej pib cov txheej txheem tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias cov yees duab nyob rau hauv cov hom kom raug thiab muaj kev pom zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws raug pom zoo tias cov yeeb yaj kiab yuav ntse thiab meej li sai tau, vim qhov no yuav pab txhawb cov txheej txheem rho tawm keeb kwm yav dhau.

3 Cais koj cov ntaub ntawv: Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab pab txhawb koj txoj haujlwm, nws raug nquahu kom koj npaj koj cov ntaub ntawv kom tsim nyog. Tsim ib daim nplaub tshev tshwj xeeb rau qhov project thiab xyuas kom tseeb tias koj muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, xws li cov yeeb yaj kiab qub thiab lwm yam kev pabcuam ntxiv uas koj yuav siv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

Los ntawm ua raws li cov kev npaj no, koj yuav npaj txhij pib txheej txheem tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm koj cov vis dis aus. Nco ntsoov tias txhua lub software tuaj yeem muaj nws tus kheej quirks thiab cov cuab yeej, yog li nco ntsoov paub koj tus kheej nrog cov kev pab cuam koj siv ua ntej koj pib. Nrog kev ua siab ntev thiab kev xyaum, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov kev tshaj lij thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm koj cov yeeb yaj kiab. Hmoov zoo!

- Yuav ua li cas siv chroma tseem ceeb feature kom tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm video

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm chroma yog ib qho cuab yeej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev yees duab thiab ua tiav cov txheej txheem los yog hloov pauv. Nrog rau cov txheej txheem no, koj tuaj yeem cais koj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau thiab⁢ tso nws hla txhua daim duab lossis⁢ video clip uas koj xav tau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom muaj qhov sib xws, xim xim tom qab rau lub chroma tseem ceeb feature ua haujlwm zoo. Txhawm rau pib, thauj koj cov vis dis aus mus rau hauv video editing software uas txhawb nqa qhov tshwj xeeb no, xws li Adobe Premiere Pro lossis Final Cut Pro Tom qab ntawd, ua raws li cov kauj ruam no los siv chroma tseem ceeb feature kom tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm koj cov vis dis aus:

1. Xaiv qhov ⁢ video clip: Nrhiav cov video clip ntawm ncua sij hawm thiab xaiv cov ntu koj xav hloov.

2. Ntxiv chroma key ua haujlwm: Mus rau qhov cuam tshuam lossis ntu ntu video thiab saib rau chroma tseem ceeb muaj nuj nqi. Luag thiab xa cov yeeb yam no mus rau qhov kev xaiv video clip.

3. Kho cov nqi: Thaum koj tau ntxiv qhov tseem ceeb chroma, cov kev xaiv sib txawv thiab kev tswj hwm yuav tshwm sim los kho cov nyhuv. Cov feem ntau tsis yog cov xim tom qab thiab rhiab heev. Xaiv cov xim ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau uas koj xav tshem tawm thiab kho qhov rhiab heev kom txog thaum lub keeb kwm yav dhau ploj mus tag. Koj tuaj yeem siv lub sijhawm saib ua ntej kom pom cov kev hloov pauv thiab hloov kho ntxiv yog tias tsim nyog.

Tam sim no koj tau kawm yuav ua li cas siv chroma tseem ceeb feature kom tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev yees duab, koj yuav muaj peev xwm kho koj cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv txoj kev muaj tswv yim thiab ntxim nyiam. Nco ntsoov tias cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum muaj kev xyaum thiab kev sim kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Muaj kev lom zem tshawb nrhiav qhov ua tau los ntawm chroma qhov tseem ceeb ua haujlwm⁤ thiab coj koj cov phiaj xwm audiovisual mus rau lub neej!

- Kev teeb tsa qib siab kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo dua hauv kev tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau

Advanced nqis rau kev tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau zoo dua:

Hauv seem no, peb yuav tshawb xyuas qee qhov kev teeb tsa siab heev uas yuav tso cai rau koj kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thaum tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab Cov chaw no yuav muab rau koj nkag mus rau cov cuab yeej ntxiv txhawm rau txhim kho cov txheej txheem tshem tawm thiab ua tiav cov haujlwm tshaj lij.

1. Contour tswj:
Ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig huv yog kev tswj hwm ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov khoom hauv koj cov vis dis aus. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov cuab yeej "soft outline" los ua kom cov npoo ntawm koj cov khoom thiab tshem tawm cov khoom tsis xav tau. Kho tus nqi anti-aliasing kom tawm tsam qhov sib npaug ntawm kev tswj xyuas qhov ntse ntawm cov khoom thiab tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los.

2. Kev kho qhov pib:
Nyob ntawm qhov zoo ntawm koj cov vis dis aus thiab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom, koj yuav tsum tau kho qhov pib kom meej meej delineate cov khoom los ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau. Koj tuaj yeem nce lossis txo qhov pib los hloov nws mus rau cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm koj cov vis dis aus. Nco ntsoov tias qhov pib qis yuav ua tau cov khoom pom qhov muag plooj, thaum lub siab pib yuav tsis txaus ntes cov npoo ntawm cov khoom.

3. Kev koom ua ke ntawm cov lim dej:
Yog tias koj xav mus rau ib kauj ruam ntxiv hauv kev tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntxaij lim dej rau koj cov vis dis aus. Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj ntxiv cov teebmeem tshwj xeeb lossis txhim kho qhov pom kev zoo ntawm cov khoom. Qee cov ntxaij lim dej nrov suav nrog kev kho xim, tshem tawm suab nrov, thiab ua kom pom tseeb. Sim nrog cov ntxaij lim dej sib txawv kom pom qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws uas txhim kho qhov pom ntawm koj cov yeeb yaj kiab.

Nco ntsoov tias cov kev teeb tsa qib siab no yuav xav tau me ntsis kev xyaum thiab kev sim ua kom paub. Tsis txhob ntshai sim cov chaw sib txawv thiab thim rov qab cov kev hloov pauv yog tias koj tsis txaus siab rau cov txiaj ntsig. Nrog kev ua siab ntev thiab kev xyaum, koj tuaj yeem paub cov txheej txheem tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los kom tau txais kev tshaj lij hauv koj cov yeeb yaj kiab. Tshawb nrhiav qhov muaj peev xwm thiab tsis txhob txwv koj tus kheej thaum nws los coj koj cov tswv yim audiovisual rau lub neej!

- Cov lus qhia kom tau txais cov duab ntse thiab muaj tseeb tom qab tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau

Tsim cov duab ntse thiab muaj tseeb tom qab tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau Tej zaum nws yuav zoo li kev sib tw, tab sis nrog cov tswv yim thiab cov tswv yim zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo tshaj plaws kom ua tiav qhov no yog siv cov software tshwj xeeb uas tso cai rau koj tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm video nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev meej. Muaj cov kev pabcuam sib txawv uas muab cov kev xaiv siab tshaj rau koj los txhim kho koj cov duab zoo.

Thaum koj tau tshem cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm koj cov vis dis aus, nws tseem ceeb heev kho cov qib raug thiab qhov sib piv kom tau txais cov duab ntse thiab muaj tseeb. Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no siv cov cuab yeej kho kom zoo li Photoshop lossis cov kev pab cuam zoo sib xws. Nco ntsoov xyuas cov duab thiab kho cov qib kom tsim nyog kom pom cov ntsiab lus thiab zam kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsaus ntuj dhau los lossis dhau qhov pom.

Lwm qhov tseem ceeb kom tau txais cov duab ntse thiab muaj tseeb tom qab tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau yog kho cov npoo tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm saib tsis xwm yeem lossis pixelated. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov cuab yeej xws li txhuam txhuam ⁢ lossis txheej txheej npog qhov kev xaiv kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig no. ⁢ Nco ntsoov ua tib zoo mloog cov ntsiab lus thiab kho qhov tsis haum kom tau txais qhov xav tau.

- Yuav ua li cas export video yam tsis muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los siv rau ntau lub platform

Hauv lub hnub nyoog digital Niaj hnub no, kev siv cov yeeb yaj kiab yog qhov tseem ceeb los ntes cov neeg saib. Txawm li cas los xij, peb feem ntau tuaj hla cov xwm txheej uas peb xav tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev yees duab los siv nws ntawm ntau lub platform thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig kev tshaj lij. Hmoov zoo, muaj cov txheej txheem sib txawv thiab cov cuab yeej muaj los xa cov yees duab yam tsis muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los.

Txoj Kev 1: Chroma Keying
Txoj kev siv feem ntau⁤ tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev yees duab yog "chroma keying." Hauv cov txheej txheem no, video editing software yog siv uas tso cai rau koj xaiv cov xim tshwj xeeb kom tshem tawm nws. Feem ntau, cov xim ntsuab lossis xiav yog xaiv raws li keeb kwm yav dhau, vim tias cov ntxoov ntxoo no tau yooj yim lees paub los ntawm software.

1. Ua ntej, xyuas kom koj kaw cov yeeb yaj duab nrog koj cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm ib tug khoom ntsuab los yog xiav tom qab.
2. Tom ntej no, import cov yees duab rau koj video editing software thiab xaiv lub "chroma keying" los yog "keying" kev xaiv.
3. Kho cov chroma tseem ceeb tsis raws li cov lus qhia hauv koj lub software. Koj tuaj yeem hloov kho qhov siv ntawm cov xim xaiv, kam rau ua thiab softness, ntawm lwm qhov chaw.
4. Thaum cov kev ntsuas tsis raug kho, koj yuav pom tias cov keeb kwm yav dhau raug tshem tawm thiab ua pob tshab. Export cov yees duab nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv⁢ sib xws nrog cov sib txawv platforms koj xav siv.

Txoj Kev 2: Siv cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb
Lwm qhov kev xaiv kom xa tawm cov yeeb yaj kiab tsis muaj keeb kwm yav dhau yog siv cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb hauv kev tshem cov keeb kwm yav dhau Cov ntawv thov no feem ntau muaj qhov kev nkag siab zoo uas tso cai rau koj thauj koj cov vis dis aus thiab xaiv cov keeb kwm yav dhau uas koj xav tshem tawm.

1. Tshawb nrhiav online rau cov apps tshwj xeeb hauv kev tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los.
2. Rub tawm thiab nruab lub app ntawm koj lub cuab yeej.
3. Qhib lub app thiab thauj cov yees duab koj xav hloov.
4. Siv cov cuab yeej muab los ntawm daim ntawv thov los xaiv thiab tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau. Qee cov apps kuj tso cai rau koj ntxiv cov keeb kwm yav dhau los lossis cov teebmeem rau koj cov vis dis aus.
5. Thaum koj tau ua tiav editing cov yees duab, koj yuav export nws nyob rau hauv cov hom ntawv koj xaiv.

Txoj Kev 3: ntiav ib tus kws tshaj lij
Yog tias koj tsis xis nyob ua cov txheej txheem tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm koj tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem xaiv los ntiav tus kws tshaj lij video editing. Tus kws kho mob muaj kev paub thiab cov cuab yeej tsim nyog los lav qhov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm koj cov vis dis aus.

1. Ua koj qhov kev tshawb fawb thiab nrhiav tus kws tshaj lij video editor⁤ uas yog tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev tshem tawm keeb kwm yav dhau.
2. Hu rau tus editor thiab piav qhia koj cov kev xav tau thiab kev xav tau.
3. Muab tus editor nrog koj cov yeeb yaj kiab qub thiab lwm yam cues lossis cov ntaub ntawv koj yuav muaj.
4. Tus editor⁢ yuav raug tshem tawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau los thiab ua qhov tsim nyog hloov kho kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm ntau lub platform.
5. Thaum tus editor tau ua tiav txoj haujlwm, koj yuav tau txais cov yeeb yaj kiab tsis muaj keeb kwm xa tawm thiab npaj siv rau hauv koj cov haujlwm digital sib txawv.