Ọdịiche dị n'etiti oke atomic na ọnụọgụ atọm

Okwu Mmalite

Na kemistri, ihe mejupụtara atọm dị mkpa iji ghọta omume nke ihe. Okwu abụọ dị mkpa na mpaghara a bụ oke atomic na nọmba atọm. Ha na-enwekarị mgbagwoju anya na ibe ha, ma n'eziokwu, ha nwere ihe dị iche iche pụtara.

Nọmba atọm

Nọmba atọm bụ ọnụọgụ proton dị na oghere nke atọm. Nke a bụ uru dị oke mkpa maka ndị chemists, ebe ọ na-ekpebi ọnụọgụ electrons gbara gburugburu nucleus na, ya mere, kemịkalụ kemịkalụ nke mmewere. A na-ejikarị mkpụrụedemede Z na-anọchi anya nọmba atọm. Ihe ọ bụla nwere nọmba atọm pụrụ iche nke na-eme ka ọ dị iche na ndị ọzọ dị na tebụl oge.

Mkpụrụ atọmik

Atomic mass bụ nchikota nke proton na neutron dị n'ime oghere nke atọm. A na-anọchi anya ya site na mkpụrụedemede A. N'adịghị ka nọmba atọm, oke atomic abụghị ọnụọgụ, ebe ọ bụ na isotopes nke ihe mmewere nwere ike ịnwe ọnụọgụ neutron dị iche iche. Ya mere, a na-agbakọ oke atomic dị ka nkezi nha nke oke nke isotopes niile dị na mmewere. Na okike. Otu ihe atụ maka oke atomic bụ otu atomiki (amu).

Esemokwu

Na nkenke, ọnụọgụ atọm bụ ọnụọgụ protons nke atọ nwere, ebe oke atomic bụ nchikota protons na neutrons na nucleus nke atọm. Nọmba atọm bụ ọnụọgụ ihe eji iji wepụta ihe ndị dị na ya ma chọpụta njirimara kemịkalụ nke atọm. Kama nke ahụ, oke atọm bụ uru ngụkọ nke na-anọchi anya nkezi nha nke isotopes nke mmewere.

Ihe nlele

Were hydrogen dị ka ihe atụ. Hydrogen nwere nọmba atọm nke 1. nke putara na O nwere 1 proton na nucleus ya. Otú ọ dị, e nwere isotopes atọ nke hydrogen: hydrogen-1 (enweghị neutrons), hydrogen-2 (1 neutron), na hydrogen-3 (2 neutrons). Uka atomic nke hydrogen dị ihe dịka 1.008 amu, nke pụtara isotope ya na-ahụkarị bụ hydrogen-1.

Mmechi

Na mmechi, atomic mass na atomic number bụ okwu abụọ dị iche iche, mana ha abụọ dị mkpa ịghọta nhazi nke atọm na njirimara nke ihe. Ọ dị mkpa ka ị ghara ịgbagha ha na ibe ha ma ghọta otú ha si emetụta ibe ha iji ghọtakwuo kemịl.

Akwụkwọ ndị a:

• Chemistry LibreTexts. "Atomic Mass and Atom Number." enwetara site na: https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Atomic_and_Molecular_Properties/Atomic_and_Molecular_Structure/Atomic_Mass_and_Atomic_Number
• American Chemical Society. "Gịnị bụ ihe dị iche n'etiti atomic mass na atomic arọ?" Ọktoba 2, 2017. Ewepụtara na: https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/resources/highschool/chemmatters/past-issues/2017-2018/october-2017/whats-difference-atomic-mass-weight.html