3I/ATLAS, mlendo wapakati pa nyenyezi yemwe Europe ikuyang'anitsitsa

El interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS wayambitsa a kampeni yowonera zomwe sizinachitikepo ndi NASA ndi ESAndi zida zogawidwa mu Solar System. Kuchokera ku Europe, kutsatira kumadalira kutenga nawo mbali pazantchito zazikulu ndi zowonera, kulimbikitsa gawo la gulu lasayansi ku Spain ndi EU ku kuphunzira za alendo osowa awa.

Mabungwe a zakuthambo anenanso kuti izi ndi comet yachilengedwe, yokhala ndi mikhalidwe yogwirizana kwathunthu ndi ma comets ena, ngakhale Chiyambi chake kunja kwa dera lathu chimachipangitsa kukhala mwayi wapaderaPalibe zowonetsa zaukadaulo kapena zosokoneza: Chinthucho chimakhala ndi njira ndi ntchito zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zitsanzo wa degassing pamene ikuyandikira Dzuwa.

Kodi 3I/ATLAS ndi chiyani ndipo zidadziwika bwanji?

3I/ATLAS ndi chinthu chachitatu chapakati pa nyenyezi chomwe chimadziwika kudutsa Dzuwa lathu, pambuyo pa 1I/`Oumuamua ndi 2I/Borisov. Zinapezeka pa Julayi 1 ndi ATLAS (Asteroid Terrestrial-Impact Last Alert System), netiweki ya NASA yopeza ndalama m'maiko angapo, kuphatikizapo imodzi pa Phiri la Teide (Spain)...kuphatikiza ndi zida ku Chile. Mayendedwe ake a hyperbolic adawonetsa chiyambi chake chachilendo kuyambira pachiyambi.

Kuyerekeza koyambirira kuchokera pazowonera ndi Hubble ndi zida zina zimayika pachimake pamitundu yambiri mamita mazana angapo mpaka makilomita angapondi chikomokere yogwira ndi mchira amene morphology wasintha monga walandira kwambiri kuwala dzuwa. Liwiro lake limaposa 200.000 km / h, ndi nsonga zapamwamba pafupi ndi perihelion, mkati mwa zomwe zimayembekezeredwa kwa comet ya interstellar.

Kuchokera ku Europe, ESA yawunikira kufunikira kwa 3I/ATLAS poyerekeza. thupi ndi mankhwala ndondomeko ndi ma comets opangidwa pafupi ndi Dzuwa. Kuyerekezera kumeneku kumatithandiza kuwongolera kusiyana kwenikweni ndi zomwe zimangowoneka chifukwa cha geometry yowonera kapena chilengedwe cha dzuwa.

Kampeni yolumikizidwa: Mars, heliovision ndi ma probes panjira

Pa 3 October, 3I/ATLAS idadutsa pafupifupi makilomita 30,6 miliyoni kuchokera ku Mars, mwayi umene ndege zingapo za NASA zinapezerapo mwayi: the MRO orbiter adapeza chimodzi mwazithunzi zapafupi kwambiriMAVEN anatenga deta ya ultraviolet kuti avumbulutse kapangidwe kake, ndipo Perseverance rover inatha kutenga chinthucho kuchokera ku Martian.

Maulendo a heliospheric adalola asayansi kuti azitsatira pambuyo poti asowa padziko lapansi. Malo owonera STEREO idalemba pakati pa Seputembara 11 ndi Okutobala 2, nthawi SOHO (joint ESA/NASA mission) Anachita zimenezi chapakati mpaka kumapeto kwa October. PHUNZITSA, yangotulutsidwa kumene, Inapereka mndandanda wa mchira wake mu theka lachiwiri la September ndi chiyambi cha October.

Kutali ndi Dziko lapansi, zofufuza psyche y Lucy Adatengerapo mwayi panjira zawo kuti ajambule comet mu Seputembala: Psyche anatenga kuwombera kangapo kuchokera pa mtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 53 miliyoni, ndipo Lucy anajambula maulendo angapo kuchokera pa mtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 386 miliyoni. zomwe, zodzaza, zimalola kusanthula kapangidwe ka comma-tail.

Ndiponso Hubble ndi James Webb athandiziraYotsirizirayi ndiyofunikira pakuwonera comet mu infrared pamene ikupita kutali ndikukhala yosafikirika pakuwala kowoneka, motero kutseka kuphimba kangapo ndi zowonjezera zomwe sizinachitikepo mpaka pano za chinthu chochokera ku extrasolar.

Mapangidwe ndi ntchito: michira yovuta, ma jets ndi CO₂ yotchuka

Kuphatikizika kowoneka bwino, ultraviolet, ndi data infrared kumalozera ku a ntchito yamphamvu wa comet, wokhala ndi mpweya ndi fumbi zomwe zimafotokoza kusintha kwa mchira ndi mathamangitsidwe ang'onoang'ono omwe si amphamvu yokoka, chinthu chofala m'matupi awa. Kuwona kodziyimira pawokha kwawonetsa zovuta mchira wake, ndi kukhalapo kwa ma jets komanso masanjidwe omwe amakumbutsa a anti-mchira chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a geometry.

Kutali ndi kutanthauzira kodabwitsa, magulu asayansi amawonetsa kuti mitundu iyi yamitundu ingayambike madera angapo yogwira pamwambakugawa kwa ayezi ndi kuyanjana ndi mphepo yadzuwa. Kuthekera kwa antitail, mwachitsanzo, kutha kufotokozedwa ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi ndege ya orbital komanso kugawa fumbi lotulutsa.

Mu gawo la chemistry, Miyezo ya Ultraviolet ndi infrared ikuwonetsa a Mtengo wapatali wa magawo CO₂ Madzi amakhala ochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi ma comets angapo mu Solar System. Pali mafotokozedwe achilengedwe: kuwonekera mosiyanasiyana kwa ma radiation m'mbiri yake yonse kapena malo ozizira, olemera kwambiri a CO₂, ogwirizana ndi chiyambi chakunja kwa dongosolo lathu.

Akatswiri a NASA ndi ESA amaumirira kuti palibe chomwe chawonedwa chimafunikira kutanthauzira mosagwirizana ndi chilengedwe. The katundu wa mtundu, kuwala, dynamics, ndi sipekitiramu n'zogwirizana ndi a ice comet yomwe imagwira ntchito ikatenthedwa, popanda siginecha yaukadaulo kapena ma siginecha ochita kupanga.

Madeti, kuwoneka ndi udindo waku Europe

Njira yoyandikira kwambiri padziko lapansi yakonzedwa December 19, pa mtunda wa pafupifupi makilomita 274 miliyonipopanda kutanthauza chiopsezo chilichonse. Perihelion idachitika chakumapeto kwa Okutobala, pomwe ma geometry owonera adathandizira kutsata kuchokera ku telesikopu yochokera pansi.

Ku Europe, makamaka ku Spain, asayansi akutenga mwayi pazenerali kuti asinthe njira zake kukula, mawonekedwe ndi ntchitokomanso kuyerekezera khalidwe lake ndi la comets zodziwika bwino zochokera kumadera a dzuwa. Netiweki ya ATLAS, yokhala ndi siteshoni ku Teide, ndi magulu ochokera ku IAC ndi malo ena aku Europe akuthandizira pakuchita izi.

Kuyang'ana m'tsogolo, comet idzapitilira njira yake ndikubwerera kumtunda malo a nyenyezi mutatha kuwoloka kanjira ka Jupiter mu kasupe 2026. James Webb idzakhala chinsinsi chofinya mwayi wotsiriza mu infrared pamene kuwala kumachepa mu kuwala kowoneka.

Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuzama mozama, NASA imakhala ndi zida zovomerezeka komanso zosintha pafupipafupi ndi zinthu zotseguka: ulalo wa chidziwitso ndi malo ake ophunzirira mu Chisipanishi ndi zolembedwa, yolunjika kwa anthu onse ndi gulu la maphunziro.

3I/ATLAS imatsimikiziridwa ngati nyenyezi ya comet Kuwonedwa m'njira yolumikizidwa ndi NASA ndi ESA, ndi zopereka zochokera ku Europe ndi Spain: mtunda wotetezeka kuchokera ku Dziko Lapansi, zochitika zomwe zimagwirizana ndi sayansi ya comet, zizindikiro zamakina owonetsa, ndi ndandanda yowonera yomwe ingalole kuti maphunziro aphunzirepo. momwe amapangidwira ndi kusinthika matupi ang'onoang'ono m'zinthu zina za nyenyezi.