Ma SFC apamwamba ndi DISM amalamula kuti palibe amene amagwiritsa ntchito omwe angapulumutse Windows yosweka

Kodi Windows PC yanu ikuyamba kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, kodi mukupeza zowonetsera zabuluu, kapena mukukumana ndi zolakwika zachilendo panthawi yosintha? Ayi, si tsoka. Mwinamwake, pali chinachake cholakwika. mafayilo owonongeka amachitidwe, magawo oyipa pa diski, kapena ziphuphu pazithunzi za WindowsMusanayambe kupanga, ndikofunikira kuyesa malamulo apamwamba a SFC ndi DISM.

Mwa zida izi, malamulo awiri a console amadziwikiratu: SFC ndi DISMAmayendetsedwa kuchokera pamzere wamalamulo (CMD, PowerShell, kapena Terminal) okhala ndi mwayi wowongolera, alibe mawonekedwe okongola, koma ndi amphamvu kwambiri. Ndi iwo mukhoza Tsimikizirani ndi kukonza mafayilo amachitidwe, konzani chithunzi cha Windows, ndikupeza zolakwika zakuthupi ndi zomveka pa disk. popanda kukhazikitsanso makina ogwiritsira ntchito.

Kodi CFS ndi DISM ndi chiyani ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Windows imaphatikizapo zida zingapo zomangidwira zomwe zimapangidwira oyang'anira, koma zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense angagwiritse ntchito ngati akudziwa zomwe aliyense amachita. Zinthu zitatu zofunika kwambiri pankhaniyi ndi izi:

• SFC (System File Checker), yomwe imagwira ntchito pamafayilo otetezedwa adongosolo.
• DISM (Kutumiza Zithunzi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zithunzi ndi Kuwongolera), pa chithunzi chonse cha Windows.

Kudziwa nthawi yoti mugwiritse ntchito imodzi kapena ina ndikofunika kwambiri kuti mupewe kuwononga nthawi komanso, koposa zonse, kupewa masanjidwe osayenera. Kusamalira bwino malamulo apamwamba a SFC ndi DISM kumatha kukupulumutsani ku zovuta zambiri.

Kodi SFC (System File Checker) ndi chiyani?

Lamulo SFC Ndiwoyang'anira mafayilo amachitidwe omwe amasanthula mafayilo onse otetezedwa a Windows ndikuwayerekeza ndi a kope losungidwa lotchedwa Windows File Protection (WFP)Ngati iwona kuti fayilo yasinthidwa, sinamalizidwe, kapena ikusowa, imayesa kuyisintha ndi yolondola yosungidwa mu cache, yomwe ili munjira yotetezedwa %WinDir%/System32/dllcache.

Lingaliro ndi losavuta: Ngati fayilo iliyonse yofunikira iipitsidwa, SFC imakoka kope loyera ndikulibwezeretsa.Izi ndizothandiza makamaka mukayamba kulandira mauthenga a "fayilo osapezeka" mukatsegula zida zoyambira za Windows, monga nthawi ya File Explorer amaundana kapena ntchito zamakina zomwe zimasiya mwadzidzidzi kuyankha kapena zolakwika zazing'ono zokhazikika.

Kujambula kwa SFC / scannow kukatha, Windows ikhoza kuwonetsa mauthenga osiyanasiyana osonyeza kukhulupirika kwadongosolo. Zina mwazofala ndi: "Windows Resource Protection sinapeze kuphwanya umphumphu," "inapeza mafayilo achinyengo ndikuwongolera bwino" kapena mauthenga osonyeza kuti ntchitoyo sinathe kapena kuti mafayilo ena sangathe kukonzedwa. M'milandu iwiri yomalizayi, DISM imalowa.

Kodi DISM (Deployment Image Servicing and Management) ndi chiyani?

DISM Ndiwothandizira kwambiri pakukonza kuposa SFC. M'malo mongoyang'ana mafayilo otetezedwa, imagwira ... Onani ndi kukonza chithunzi chonse cha WindowsNdiko kuti, sitolo yamagulu ndi mapepala onse omwe amapanga dongosolo. Zimagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi buku loyera la Windows, lomwe lingakhale lapafupi kapena pa intaneti (Windows Update, share network, DVD/ISO, etc.).

DISM imagwiritsa ntchito zosankha zingapo kuti muwone ndikuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa chithunzi: /CheckHealth, /ScanHealth ndi /RestoreHealthZosankha izi nthawi zambiri zimayendetsedwa mwanjira yomweyo tikamakayikira zachinyengo mu sitolo (CBS) kapena SFC ikanena kuti siyingakonze mafayilo ena chifukwa chosungira chake chawonongeka.

Ndizothandiza makamaka zikawoneka Zolakwika Zosintha za Windows, CBS_E_STORE_CORRUPTION zolakwika, zovuta zoyambira, kuwonongeka pafupipafupi, kulephera kuyika zinthu kapena zigamba. kapena pamene zipangizo zikuchita modabwitsa popanda chifukwa chomveka. Zikatero, DISM imakonza sitolo yomwe SFC imayenera kugwira ntchito moyenera.

Malamulo apamwamba a SFC: magawo ndi ntchito zothandiza

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kofala kwa CFS ndiko kotchuka sfc / scannowKomabe, chidachi chimapereka magawo angapo apamwamba omwe amakulolani kuti musinthe mtundu wa cheke ndikuigwiritsa ntchito ngakhale Windows ikayamba. Zosintha zonse zitha kuwonedwa poyendetsa lamulo mu console. sfc?.

Ma parameter awa amalola, mwachitsanzo, Tsimikizirani popanda kukonza, fufuzani mafayilo enaake, kapena gwirani ntchito ndi makhazikitsidwe opanda intaneti.Kuphatikizika bwino ndikothandiza m'malo omwe muyenera kudziwa makina omwe sangayambe kapena mukamagwira ntchito kuchokera pama media ochira.

Zofunikira zazikulu za CFS:

• / scannowLamuloli limasanthula mafayilo onse otetezedwa a Windows ndikukonza zilizonse zomwe apeza kuti zawonongeka, pogwiritsa ntchito kopi yosungidwa. Ndilo lamulo lokhazikika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri.
• /verifyonlyLamuloli limachita kusanthula komweko monga `/ scannow` koma osasintha chilichonse; imangofotokoza mavuto aliwonse omwe angakhalepo. Zothandiza ngati mukufuna fufuzani udindo asanalowererepo.
• /scanfile: imakupatsani mwayi wofotokozera fayilo yeniyeni ndi njira yake yonse kuti SFC ikhoza kuyang'ana ndikuyikonza ngati yawonongeka.
• /verifyfile: ofanana ndi / scanfile, koma amangoyang'ana fayilo yomwe yatchulidwa, osayesa kukonza.
• /offbootdir: imatanthawuza bukhu la boot la Windows installing yomwe ilibe intaneti (mwachitsanzo, gawo lina kapena disk yoyikidwa pa kompyuta ina).
• /popanda: ikuwonetsa njira yopita ku chikwatu cha Windows cha kuyika kwapaintaneti.
• /offlogfile: imakulolani kuti muyike fayilo yosiyana siyana ndi Kusankha yambitsani kudula mitengo mukamagwiritsa ntchito SFC popanda intaneti.

Zosintha zonsezi zitha kuphatikizidwa pamzere womwewo kuti mupange malamulo olondola, monga kusanthula kwa kuyika kolumikizidwa komwe kuli pagalimoto ina yokhala ndi zipika zachizolowezi. Komabe, mukugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, sfc / scannow nthawi zambiri imakhala yokwanira kuthetsa mavuto ang'onoang'ono okhazikika.

Zotsatira zenizeni mukamagwiritsa ntchito SFC

Pamapeto pake, SFC imabweretsanso uthenga womwe uyenera kutanthauziridwa molondola. mauthenga a statusZofala kwambiri ndi:

• "Windows Resource Protection sinapeze kuphwanya umphumphu"Zonse ziri mu dongosolo; mavuto anu mwina si chifukwa owona dongosolo.
• "Windows Resource Protection idapeza mafayilo achinyengo ndikuwongolera bwino."Mafayilo owonongeka adapezedwa ndikusinthidwa popanda vuto. Palibenso china chomwe chikufunika, ngakhale mutha kuyang'ana chipikacho pa %WinDir%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log.
• "Windows Resource Protection idapeza mafayilo achinyengo ndipo sinathe kukonza ena mwa iwo."Apa ndi pamene zinthu zimakhala zovuta. Zikutanthauza kuti cache yomwe SFC (WFP) ikugwiritsa ntchito ikhoza kuwonongeka. Panthawiyi, njira yovomerezeka ndi Thamangani DISM kuti mukonze chithunzi cha Windows ndikuyambitsanso SFC.
• "Windows Resource Protection sinathe kugwira ntchito yomwe idafunsidwa"Kujambula sikunathe. Izi nthawi zambiri zimathetsedwa ndikulowa mu Safe Mode kapena kugwiritsa ntchito SFC kuchokera ku media media.

Kodi ndi liti pamene kuli kwanzeru kugwiritsira ntchito CFS?

Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito SFC (Chronic Fatigue Syndrome) mukayamba kuzindikira kulephera mu ntchito zoyambira za Windows, mapulogalamu amasinthidwe omwe amasiya kugwira ntchito, kusowa mauthenga afayilo, kapena machitidwe ang'onoang'ono olakwikaNgati makinawo akadayambabe bwino koma akuwonetsa zizindikiro zachilendo, SFC ndi sitepe yoyamba yachangu komanso yopanda vuto. Kuphatikiza apo, pamapulogalamu omwe amayamba zokha, ndikofunikira Gwiritsani ntchito Autoruns kuchotsa mapulogalamu omwe amayamba okha pamene kuli kofunikira.

Ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri mukatsuka matenda a pulogalamu yaumbanda: ma virus ambiri Amasintha ma DLL adongosolo kapena kusintha makiyi omwe amakwaniritsidwaNdipo SFC imatha kuzindikira ndikusintha zosinthazo pozisintha ndikusintha zoyera.

DISM: Malamulo apamwamba kukonza chithunzi cha Windows

SFC ikapandanso, DISM imayamba kugwira ntchito. Izi zimagwira ntchito mwachindunji pazithunzi za opareshoni ndi sitolo ya CBS, komwe ndi komwe mapaketi, mawonekedwe, ndi metadata yomwe Windows amagwiritsa ntchito kukhazikitsa zosintha ndi mawonekedwe amasungidwa.

Mu Windows 8, 8.1, 10 ndi 11, DISM ndiyo chida cholozera pakuthana ndi ziphuphu zamkatimakamaka pakakhala zolakwika za Kusintha kwa Windows, kulephera kochulukira, kapena mauthenga a CBS.log omwe amatchula ziwonetsero zachinyengo, kusowa kwa MUM/CAT phukusi, kapena zolembedwa molakwika.

Zosankha zazikulu za DISM zokonzanso:

• /CheckHealthImachita cheke mwachangu, kutsimikizira ngati kuwonongeka kulikonse kudalembedwa kale. Sichikonza kalikonse; zimangowonetsa ngati kuwonongeka kwazithunzi kwapezeka.
• /ScanHealthImasanthula mozama kwambiri chithunzi cha Windows chapano pochiyerekeza ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino, ndikulemba zolakwika zomwe zingatheke, koma SawakonzaZimatenga mphindi zingapo, malingana ndi dongosolo.
• /RestoreHealth: ndiye njira yamphamvu kwambiri, popeza amasanthula ndi kukonza chithunzichoImasaka mafayilo owonongeka ndikuyika m'malo mwawo matembenuzidwe abwino kuchokera ku Windows Update kapena kuchokera pamagwero otchulidwa ndi /Source.

Dongosolo lovomerezeka ndi: choyamba /CheckHealth, kenako /ScanHealth, ndipo pomaliza /RestoreHealth, nthawi zonse kudikirira kuti opareshoni iliyonse ithe isanayambike ina. Kudumpha dongosolo ili kapena kusokoneza ndondomekoyi kungapangitse dongosololi kukhala loipa kwambiri.

DISM ndi Windows Update: manambala olakwika wamba

Mavuto ambiri okhala ndi Windows Update amakhudzana ndi ziphuphu m'sitolo. Pazifukwa izi, zizindikiro zolakwika monga zotsatirazi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera: 0x80070002 (fayilo sinapezeke), 0x800f0831 (CBS_E_STORE_CORRUPTION), 0x800F081F (gwero silinapezeke), 0x80073712 (zigawo za sitolo zavunda) ndi ena onga iwo.

Windows Update ikalephera kukhazikitsa zosintha zina ndikupereka zolakwika izi, Microsoft imalimbikitsa Gwiritsani ntchito DISM ndi /RestoreHealth Kuti mubwezeretse mafayilo owonongeka a CBS ndi WinSxS, lamulo lofunikira lingakhale:

DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

Ngati Windows Update nayonso sikugwira ntchito kapena mulibe intaneti, mutha kufotokoza a njira ina yoyambira momwe mungatengere mafayilo athanzi, mwachitsanzo gawo la netiweki kapena Windows DVD/ISO:

DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:C:\RepairSource\Windows /LimitAccess

Pankhaniyi, chikwatu chawonetsedwa mu /Kuchokera Iyenera kukhala ndi mafayilo oyika kapena mitu yofunikira kukonza chithunzicho. Wosintha /LimitAccess Imauza DISM kuti isagwiritse ntchito Windows Update ndikumamatira njirayo.

Chitsogozo chapamwamba: Konzani zowonongeka za CBS posanthula CBS.log

Pazovuta zazikulu, DISM imapanga zambiri mwatsatanetsatane %WinDir%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log ndi CBS.persist.logchipikachi nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi zolemba monga "CSI Payload Corrupt", "CBS MUM Ikusowa" kapena "CSI Manifest Corrupt", kusonyeza mafayilo owonongeka kapena phukusi.

Mayendedwe apamwamba amilandu awa atha kukhala motere: choyamba, Amazindikira mafayilo kapena mapaketi achinyengo mu CBS.logKenako, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti ndi zosintha ziti (KB) zomwe ali nazo poyang'ana nambala yomanga (UBR) yomwe ikuphatikizidwa mu njira ya chigawo, zosinthazi zimafufuzidwa mu Microsoft Update Catalogue, zotsitsidwa, mafayilo a .msu ndi .cab amachotsedwa, ndipo mafayilo athanzi amakopera ku foda yochokera monga C: \ temp \ Source.

Kenako, DISM imayendetsedwanso, kutchula fodayo ngati gwero:

DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:C:\temp\Source /LimitAccess

Ndiye izo m'pofunika kubwereza. DISM / Paintaneti / Kuyeretsa-Chithunzi / ScanHealth kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe chiphuphu chomwe chidakali cholembedwa ndikuwunikanso CBS.log. Njira yamtunduwu ndiyotsogola kwambiri, koma ndi yomwe Microsoft yothandizira imagwiritsa ntchito kuthetsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa CBS pomwe makina akakana kusintha.

DISM mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Windows

Mu Windows 8, 8.1, 10, ndi 11, DISM imabwera yophatikizidwa ndi zida zake zonse zamakono, kuphatikiza kukonza pa intaneti motsutsana ndi Kusintha kwa Windows. Komabe, DISM sichipezeka ndi izi mu Windows 7.M'malo mwake, Microsoft imapereka System Update Readiness Tool (SURT), yomwe imagwiranso ntchito mofananamo pokonza mafayilo owonongeka pamene SFC ikugwa.

Njira yovomerezeka mu mtunduwo ndikuyambitsa kaye. SFCNdipo ngati izi sizikuthetsa mavuto, koperani ndikuyendetsa SURT kuchokera ku Microsoft Update Catalog, yomwe idzalowe m'malo mwa zida zowonongeka kapena zosagwirizana.

Kusiyana kothandiza pakati pa CFS ndi DISM

Ngakhale malamulo onsewa amachitidwa kuchokera ku console, osiyanasiyana mlingo wa dongosolo Ndipo ndi bwino kuti musawasokoneze m’maganizo. Kumvetsetsa ntchito yawo moyenera kumalepheretsa kuwononga nthawi pogwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe sizingathetse vuto lenileni.

Titha kufotokozera mwachidule maudindo awo motere: Kukonza kwa SFC kumateteza mafayilo a Windows, pomwe DISM imakonza chithunzi cha Windows ndi sitolo yazinthu.Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera kumakupatsani mwayi wothana ndi zolakwika zambiri popanda kuyikanso.

• SFCNdibwino kuti pakhale zolakwika zazing'ono kapena zazing'ono zokhudzana ndi mafayilo amachitidwe, ntchito za Windows zomwe zimasiya kugwira ntchito, zikusowa mauthenga a fayilo, ndi zovuta pambuyo pochotsa pulogalamu yaumbanda.
• DISMIzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene SFC ikuwonetsa kuti siingathe kukonza chirichonse kapena pakakhala zolakwika za Windows Update, CBS ziphuphu, mavuto oyika zinthu, kapena kulephera kwa boot. Imakhala ngati "opaleshoni yayikulu" pazithunzi za Windows.

Njira yodziwika bwino yamavuto akulu mkati Windows 10 ndi Windows 11 ndiyoyamba DisM / Online / Cleanup-Image / RestoreHealth,ndi a sfc / scannow ndipo, ngati pali zizindikiro za kulephera kwa disk, malizitsani ndi chkdsk / F / R pa main unit. Kuphatikiza uku kumakhudza pafupifupi zigawo zonse za ziphuphu zomwe zingatheke.

Ndi liti pamene kuli bwino kuyikanso Windows m'malo mopitiliza kukonza?

Ngakhale SFC ndi DISM ndi zida zamphamvu kwambiri, sizimachita zozizwitsa. Nthawi zina, ngakhale mutaumirira bwanji, mavuto amabwerera kapena osathetsedwa. Zikatero, kuyesa mobwerezabwereza kukonzanso komweko kumangotalikitsa zosapeŵeka, ndipo chinthu chanzeru kuchita ndi... ganizirani kuyikanso kwathunthu kapena kukonzanso dongosolo.

Zochitika zina zomwe kuli koyenera kusiya kumenyana ndikuyamba kuyambira pachiyambi ndi, mwachitsanzo, Nsikidzi zomwe zimawonekeranso pakatha kukonza kulikonse, makamaka matenda a pulogalamu yaumbanda, zovuta zomwe sizikuyenda bwino.zosintha zovuta zomwe sizingayikidwe kapena kusintha kwakukulu kwa hardware monga bolodi la amayi kapena kusungirako kwakukulu.

• Zolakwa zomwe zimabwerera mutagwiritsa ntchito malamulo apamwamba a SFC ndi DISM: Ngati zonse zikuwoneka kuti zakonzedwa koma zolakwika zomwezo zimabwereranso pakangopita masiku angapo, mwina pangakhale katangale wakuya kapena mikangano yamapulogalamu yomwe imakhala yovuta kudzipatula. Zikatero, kuyikanso koyera kumapulumutsa nthawi.
• Pulogalamu yaumbanda yamphamvu kwambiriZiwopsezo zina zimadziyika mozama mudongosolo kotero kuti, ngakhale mapulogalamu a antivayirasi atawachotsa, amasiya kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mautumiki ovuta, madalaivala, ndi zida. Pazifukwa izi, kungogwiritsa ntchito SFC kapena DISM sikungakhale kokwanira.
• Kuchedwa kwambiri komanso kuwonongeka kosalekezaNgati dongosololi likuyenda mokhazikika, limaundana pafupipafupi, ndipo kukonzanso sikuwongolera zinthu, vuto limakhala lophatikizana ndi mapulogalamu, zotsalira za pulogalamu, madalaivala akale, mwinanso zovuta za Hardware. Nthawi zina kukhazikitsanso ndi njira yachangu kwambiri.
• Zosintha zofunika zomwe sizimayikidwaZosintha zazikulu zikamalephera nthawi zonse, ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito malamulo apamwamba a DISM ndi SFC, zitha kuwonetsa kusagwirizana komwe kumakhala kovuta. Kuyika kuchokera ku ISO yaposachedwa nthawi zambiri ndiye yankho lotsimikizika.
• Kusintha kwakukulu kwa hardwarePambuyo posintha bolodi, CPU, kapena kusinthira kumtundu watsopano wosungira, kukhazikitsanso Windows kumatsimikizira kuti madalaivala onse ndi mautumiki asinthidwa ku malo atsopano.

Mafunso omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi za malamulo apamwamba a SFC ndi DISM

Mfundo yakuti malamulowa amagwira ntchito pafupi kwambiri ndi maziko a dongosololi amachititsa anthu ambiri kukhala ndi nkhawa zomveka za chitetezo chawo kapena omwe ayenera kuwagwiritsa ntchito. Zoona zake n'zakuti, ndi chisamaliro chochepa, iwo ali zoyendetsedwa bwino kwa wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense amene amatsatira malangizo omveka bwino.

Chofunikira ndikuwayendetsa ndi maudindo oyang'anira, kulemekeza dongosolo lovomerezeka (makamaka mu DISM), ndipo, koposa zonse, Musati muzimitse kompyuta kapena kutseka console pamene mukugwira ntchito..

• Bwanji ngati malamulowo sakuthetsa vutolo? Zikatero, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zothetsa mavuto zomwe zidapangidwa mu Zikhazikiko, System Restore, kapena, ngati njira yomaliza, kuyikanso kapena kukonzanso Windows ndikusunga mafayilo anu.
• Kodi ali otetezeka kuthamanga? Inde, malinga ngati ali ndi mwayi woyang'anira ndipo ndondomekoyi isasokonezedwe. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi zosunga zobwezeretsera zaposachedwa.
• Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji? Zimatengera kukula kwa disk, kuchuluka kwa mafayilo, komanso kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka. Zitha kutenga paliponse kuyambira mphindi zingapo mpaka maola angapo, makamaka ndi DISM /RestoreHealth.
• Kodi angathe kundichotsa zikalata zanga? Sanapangidwe kuti azikhudza mafayilo anu; cholinga chawo ndi kukonza dongosolo ndi litayamba.

Kumvetsetsa bwino malamulo apamwamba a SFC ndi DISM kumakupatsani zida zamphamvu kwambiri Dziwani ndikukonza zovuta zambiri za Windows popanda kupanga mawonekedweMwa kuphatikiza malamulowa, kutanthauzira zotsatira zawo, ndi kudziwa nthawi yoti muyime ndikuyikanso, mutha kukulitsa nthawi ya moyo wa unsembe wanu wa Windows ndikudzipulumutsa nokha mavuto ambiri ndi deta yanu ndi nthawi yanu.