- Ofufuza a ku yunivesite ya Edinburgh apanga njira yomwe imasintha mapulasitiki a PET kukhala paracetamol pogwiritsa ntchito mabakiteriya a E. coli osinthidwa.
- Njirayi ndiyothandiza, yachangu, komanso imatulutsa mpweya wochepa wa kaboni, womwe ukuyimira njira yokhazikika yofananira ndi njira zamafakitale.
- Chinsinsi chagona mu zomwe zimatchedwa "Lossen rearrangement" mkati mwa mabakiteriya, omwe amalola kuti mankhwala apezeke kuchokera ku zinyalala.
- Akadali mu gawo la labotale, kupambanaku kumalonjeza ntchito zamtsogolo pakubwezeretsanso mapulasitiki ndi kupanga mankhwala okhazikika.
Gulu la asayansi ochokera ku United Kingdom lachitapo kanthu pakuchita bwino kufunafuna njira zisathe kuwononga pulasitiki. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida za biotechnology ndi chemistry, akwanitsa kusintha zinyalala za pulasitiki -makamaka mabotolo a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ndi makontena - mu yogwira pophika ya paracetamol, imodzi mwa mankhwala opha ululu omwe amamwedwa kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Kafukufukuyu, wopangidwa ndi gulu la University of Edinburgh, adasindikizidwa mu nyuzipepala ya Nature Chemistry ndipo adawunikiridwa chifukwa chake. kuthekera kosintha momwe timayendetsera zinyalala za pulasitiki ndi kupanga mankhwala. Kuti akwaniritse izi, ochita kafukufuku adagwiritsa ntchito mabakiteriya a Escherichia coli (E. coli) omwe amatha kusintha terephthalic acid-yochokera ku PET-mu paracetamol.
Kuchokera ku botolo kupita ku mankhwala: njira yatsopano
Ndondomeko imayamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala a mapulasitiki a PET kuti apeze terephthalic acid, que Kenako imasinthidwa ndi mabakiteriya a E. coli kukhala paracetamol yogwira ntchito.Njira yonseyi imachitika kutentha kwachipinda, pansi pamikhalidwe yofanana ndi kuwira kwa mowa, ndipo imadziwika ndi mphamvu yake yayikulu: Kutembenuka kwa labotale kunapeza zokolola za 90 mpaka 92% pasanathe maola 24.
Njira imeneyi imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otchedwa "Lossen rearrangement", sichinayambe kukopeka ndi zamoyo kaamba ka zimenezi. Pogwiritsa ntchito kusintha kwa majini, asayansi adayambitsa enzyme yomwe imathandiza kuti mabakiteriya achite izi, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amapezeka mwachibadwa mkati mwawo.
Poyerekeza ndi njira wamba ya mafakitale yopangira paracetamol, yomwe imadalira mafuta ndipo imapanga mpweya wochulukirapo, Njira yatsopanoyi ndi yodziwika bwino chifukwa imachitika m'malo ochepa komanso opanda mpweya woipa..
Chitsanzo cha "upcycling" yokhudzana ndi mankhwala ndi chilengedwe
Chaka chilichonse, matani opitilira 350 miliyoni a zinyalala zapulasitiki amapangidwa padziko lonse lapansi., gawo lalikulu lomwe limachokera m'zakudya ndi mabotolo a PET. Njira zachizolowezi zobwezeretsanso nthawi zambiri zimapanga mapulasitiki atsopano kapena zipangizo zotsika mtengo, zomwe zimapitirizabe vutoli. Njira yatsopanoyi yobwezeretsanso Zimalola kupanga zinthu zamtengo wapatali kuchokera ku zinyalala, zomwe zimatchedwa chemical "upcycling".
Kupezekaku kukuyimira kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwachuma chozungulira komanso kupanga mankhwala okhazikika. Sizimangoyimira kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri pulasitiki yobwezerezedwanso, komanso amachepetsa kudalira mphamvu pamafuta oyaka mafuta ndi mpweya wogwirizana nawo.
Zovuta ndi zotheka zamtsogolo
Ngakhale njirayo ikadali mu gawo la labotale, Omwe ali ndi udindo pa kafukufukuyu akugwira ntchito yokulitsa ndikusintha ukadaulo kwa mitundu ina ya mapulasitiki ndi kaphatikizidwe ka mankhwala osiyanasiyanaIwo amavomereza, komabe, kuti pali zovuta, monga kusinthasintha kwa zinyalala, zotsatira zowopsa zomwe zingakhalepo pansi pa zochitika zina za mafakitale, ndi kuunika kwachuma chake chachikulu.
Mothandizidwa ndi bungwe la Britain EPSRC, kampani yopanga mankhwala AstraZeneca, ndi Edinburgh Innovations, ntchitoyi ndi chitsanzo cha mgwirizano pakati pa kafukufuku wa anthu ndi mafakitale. Akatswiri a biology ya Synthetic amawona njira iyi ngati chitsanzo chothandiza cha momwe uinjiniya wa metabolic ungathandizire kupanga bizinesi yokhazikika yomwe siyidalira kwambiri zinthu zakale..
Njira iyi amatsegula chitseko kuti, mtsogolomu, Zosakaniza zina zamafakitale kapena zamalonda zitha kupezeka kuchokera ku zinyalala, kusintha chimodzi mwazovuta zazikulu zachilengedwe kukhala mwayi watsopano.
Kusintha kwa mapulasitiki kukhala paracetamol pogwiritsa ntchito mabakiteriya osinthidwa kumayimira chitsanzo chenicheni cha momwe kafukufuku angathandizire kuthana ndi vuto la mapulasitiki achilengedwe komanso vuto lopanga mankhwala mwaukhondo. Ngati ingagonjetse zopinga zaukadaulo ndi zachuma, zitha kuwonetsa kusintha kwa zinyalala ndi kupanga mankhwala.
Ndine wokonda zaukadaulo yemwe wasandutsa zokonda zake za "geek" kukhala ntchito. Ndakhala zaka zoposa 10 za moyo wanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wotsogola komanso kusewera ndi mitundu yonse yamapulogalamu chifukwa cha chidwi chenicheni. Panopa ndaphunzira luso la pakompyuta komanso masewera a pakompyuta. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kwa zaka zoposa 5 ndakhala ndikulembera mawebusaiti osiyanasiyana pa teknoloji ndi masewera a pakompyuta, ndikupanga nkhani zomwe zimafuna kukupatsani zambiri zomwe mukufunikira m'chinenero chomwe chimamveka kwa aliyense.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso, chidziwitso changa chimachokera ku chilichonse chokhudzana ndi makina opangira Windows komanso Android pama foni am'manja. Ndipo kudzipereka kwanga ndi kwa inu, nthawi zonse ndimakhala wokonzeka kuthera mphindi zochepa ndikukuthandizani kuthetsa mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo pa intaneti.