Momwe mungasinthire GPU yanu: kalozera wotetezeka wa NVIDIA, AMD, ndi Intel

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji GPU yanu? Kwa anthu ambiri omwe akuyamba kudziko la PC, kusasamala kumamveka ngati chinthu cha esoteric, koma zenizeni ndikuti zitha kukhala kusintha kwachindunji kwa phokoso, kutentha, komanso chitonthozo. Kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi popanda kukhudza kapangidwe ka hardwareNdizotheka kusunga magwiridwe antchito nthawi zina, pomwe zida zimayenda mozizira komanso mopanda phokoso.

Aliyense amene adakumanapo ndi "ndege" pa desiki yawo amvetsetsa: GPU ikafika pakugwiritsa ntchito 100%, mafani amasinthasintha ndipo kutentha nthawi zambiri kumakhazikika pamitundu yosiyanasiyana. 70-75 ºCPambuyo posokoneza RTX 4070 Super, mwachitsanzo, ndizotheka kukhalabe ndi mawonekedwe omwewo pamasewera ofunikira pomwe liwiro la wotchi ya graphics likutsika mpaka. 60-65 ºC ndi phokoso lochepa kwambiri. M'maudindo okhala ndi kutsata ma ray kapena makonda apamwamba, mutha kusangalalabe ndi ma FPS opitilira 100 popanda kukhazikika. komanso kupewa kuchepetsa mafelemu kapena kuchita popanda njira zopangira chimango.

Kodi kusamvera ndi chiyani ndipo ubwino wake ndi wotani?

Kuchepetsa kumachepetsa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito chip (GPU kapena CPU) ndikusunga kasinthidwe kake ka ntchito. Kutsitsa voteji kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe kumapangidwa.Komabe, kuchuluka kwafupipafupi kumatha kuchepetsedwa ngati kusinthako kuli koopsa kwambiri. Vuto liri pakupeza malo okoma pomwe silicon imachita chimodzimodzi kapena pafupifupi yofanana, koma ndi ma watts ochepa komanso kutentha kochepa.

Mu mapurosesa amphamvu okhala ndi TDP yayikulu, ngati simukufuna 100% ya mphamvu zawo nthawi zonse, Kutsitsa voteji kungakhale kusuntha kwanzeru kwambiriTangoganizani Core i9 yomwe ndiyokwanira pa ntchito zopepuka: kukankhira nthawi zonse mpaka malire kuti musafufuze ndizosamveka, ndipo kukhathamiritsa kwamagetsi kumathandizira kuwongolera kutentha ndi phokoso, kukulitsa chitonthozo chakugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.

Izi sizikutanthauza kuti nthawi zonse zimakhala choncho pazochitika zonse. Ngati cholinga chanu ndi FPS iliyonse yomaliza pamasewera kapena katundu wovutaKuchepetsa kulikonse komwe kungakhudze kwambiri kungathe kusokoneza ma frequency okhazikika. Ichi ndichifukwa chake "momwe" amafunikira: chinsinsi ndikupeza ma voliyumu ndi ma frequency ophatikizika omwe amasunga bata ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa kwambiri.

Komanso, palibe chifukwa chofotokozera nthano zazitali: Kusagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kumayambitsa kusakhazikikaKuzizira, kuyambitsanso, kapena zolakwika zadongosolo zitha kuchitika. Chifukwa chake, njira yokhazikika, kuleza mtima, ndi kuyesa ndikofunikira. Iwo omwe amangofuna yankho la "plug and play" angakonde zosankha zina, monga kukonza makina ozizirira.

Kuleza mtima, kulondola, ndi chifukwa chake BIOS/UEFI imafunikira ma CPU

Tikanena za kusasunthika kwa CPU, tikukamba za kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi ndikusunga masinthidwe oyambira: Sizofanana ndi underclocking. (Chetsani chochulukitsira, BCLK, kapena ma frequency). Kusintha ma frequency nthawi zambiri kumafuna kusintha ma voltages, koma cholinga cha kuwongolera koyera ndi kosiyana: kukhalabe ndi mawonekedwe omwe ali ndi mphamvu zochepa.

Kukhazikika kuli pamtima pa chilichonse. Kutsitsa kutentha ndi 10 ° C sikuthandiza kwenikweni ngati chophimba chikuzizira kapena kuwonongeka.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti mugwire ntchito ndikuwongolera bwino ndikutsimikizira ndikuyesa kupsinjika. Ndipo nali malingaliro ofunikira a ma CPU: ngakhale pali zida zosinthira ma voltages, ndibwino kutero kuchokera ku BIOS/UEFI. Malowa amapereka mwatsatanetsatane momwe mphamvu yamagetsi imagwiritsidwira ntchito komanso momwe imayankhira pakukwera, kupewa zodabwitsa zokhudzana ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "voltage overload." Vdroop.

Kusintha kwina kofunikira mu BIOS/UEFI ndi Load Line Calibration (LLC)Parameter iyi imayang'anira momwe ma voliyumu amatsikira pomwe purosesa ikusintha kuchoka pazantchito kupita kunyamula komanso mosemphanitsa. Bungwe lazaukali kwambiri la LLC limatha kuchepetsa malire achitetezo ndikuyambitsa ma spikes kapena kusakhazikika, pomwe bungwe lodziletsa kwambiri litha ... onjezerani kutsika kwa magetsi pansi pa katundu, kusokoneza bata ngati tikugwiritsa ntchito kale ma voltages olimba kwambiri.

Ngati mumagwira ntchito ndi mapulogalamu mu makina ogwiritsira ntchito, kuyeza kwa khalidwe lenileni la voteji pansi pa katunduyo sikulondola kwenikweni. BIOS/UEFI imakupatsani mwayi wowongolera bwinoKuphatikiza pakuwonetsa kusintha kwa LLC kuti kulipirire Vdroop ngati pakufunika, izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zoyeserera zochepa komanso, koposa zonse, kutsimikizira kolimba kwa kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali.

Vdroop: ndi chiyani, momwe amayezera komanso momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito

Vdroop ndi kutsika kwamagetsi kwachilengedwe komwe purosesa imakumana nayo ikapita pansi kwambiri. Dontho limenelo "lidapangidwa" kuti liteteze ndi kukhazikika deraIzi zimalepheretsa kuphulika koopsa pamene katunduyo akusinthasintha. Komabe, ngati tinyalanyaza, malirewo amachepetsedwa, ndipo dontho limenelo likhoza kukankhira CPU ku magetsi omwe ali otsika kwambiri pansi pa kupanikizika kosalekeza.

Kuyeza molondola kumafuna zida ndi chidziwitso. Njira yapamwamba imaphatikizapo kugwira ntchito ndi multimeter ndi katundu wodziwika bwino: Si ntchito ya aliyense.Ngakhale zili choncho, ndondomeko ya theoretical ili motere:

1. Dziwani mphamvu yamagetsi purosesa mu BIOS/UEFI kapena muzolemba zaukadaulo.
2. Lumikizani multimeter ku mzere wamagetsi wa purosesa kuti muyese voteji yopanda ntchito.
3. Ikani katundu ndi mayeso opsinjika omwe amayika ulusi wonse pa 100%.
4. Yesani pansi pa katundu kuyang'ana kutsika poyerekeza ndi mtengo wopuma.
5. Werengani kusiyana kwake pakati pa onse awiri kuti muwerenge Vdroop yeniyeni.

Chifukwa chiyani izi ndizothandiza kudziwa? Chifukwa zimakupatsani mwayi womvetsetsa kuchuluka kwamagetsi komwe chip yanu imagwira ntchito pafupipafupi ndikusintha moyenera. Ngati mudula kwambiri, zizindikiro zachikale zidzawoneka.Kuyimitsidwa kosayembekezereka, kutsika kwa magwiridwe antchito, komanso kusakhazikika pamayeso ovuta. Kumvetsetsa Vdroop kumakuthandizani kusankha LLC yoyenera ndikusankha kuchuluka kwa zochotsera zomwe mungachotse popanda kupitilira malire achitetezo.

Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti, ngakhale kusasamala ndikowopsa kwambiri kuposa kuphatikizika kosapangidwa bwino, Akadali kusintha kobisika kwa khalidwe lamagetsi.Chifukwa chake, ngati simuli omasuka ndi miyeso kapena kusintha kwa BIOS/UEFI, lingalirani njira zina monga kukonza heatsink kapena kukhathamiritsa mpweya wabwino musanalowe pakusintha ma voltage.

Ma Intel CPUs Osasunthika: Mitundu ya Voltage, Offset, ndi Kutsimikizira

Pa ma boardboard a Intel (mwachitsanzo, pamitundu ya ASUS ROG papulatifomu ya 1151), kuwongolera kungakhale pansi "CPU Core / Cache VoltageKutengera nsanja, voteji ya cache imatha kulumikizidwa ndi magetsi oyambira kapena kuwonetsedwa mosiyana. Ngati zikuwonetsedwa mosiyana, Mukhozanso kuchepetsa posungira kukala limodzi ndi kutentha pang'ono, nthawi zonse mosamala.

Ponena za ma voltage modes, omwe mwachizolowezi ndi Auto, Manual, Offset, ndipo, m'mibadwo yambiri ya Intel, nawonso. ZosinthaAuto imachotsedwa; Bukuli limayika voteji nthawi zonse (ngakhale popuma), zomwe siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito 24/7 chifukwa cha kutentha kosafunikira. Kwa kusakhulupirika, Offset ndi Adaptive ndizoyeneraPali nsanja pomwe kusasunthika kosasunthika kudzera pa Adaptive sikumathandizidwa momwe timafunira, kotero Offset ndiye njira yotetezeka komanso yosasinthika.

Kusintha kwa Offset nthawi zambiri kumavomereza "+" kapena "-". Sankhani "-" kuti muchotse magetsi Ndipo zimayamba ndi mfundo zosasintha. Monga chothandizira, ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri amapeza kudulidwa koyamba kwa pafupifupi 40 mV kukhala kokhazikika, koma silicon iliyonse ndi yosiyana.

Kutsimikizira ndi kumene nthawi imapita. Palibe njira zazifupi zodalirikaMuyenera kusunga zosintha mu UEFI, yambitsani dongosolo, ndikuyesa mayeso osiyanasiyana opsinjika. Katundu wina ndi wopanda AVX, yesani ma cores onse ndi ulusi pawokha, ndipo ngati mukukhudzidwa ndi kukhazikika kwa 24/7, lolani mayesowo ayende pakati pa mayeso. 8 ndi 24 maola pa kusinthaNdizotopetsa, inde, koma ndizomwe zimapangitsa kusiyana pakati pa kachitidwe kabwino ndi komwe kamagwera pachipewa.

Ngati patatha maola ambiri zonse zikuyenda bwino, mutha kuyesa kuphatikiza ma millivolts angapo owonjezera. Mukangozindikira chizindikiro choyamba cha kusakhazikikaImabwerera ku mtengo wokhazikika wotsiriza. Ndi Intel, Adaptive mode ingakhalenso yothandiza pa tchipisi taposachedwa ndi mibadwo, koma onetsetsani kuti nsanja yanu imayendetsa bwino pansi pa ntchito yanu yeniyeni musanaganize kuti ndiyoyenera.

Ma CPU Osasunthika a AMD: CPU VDDCR, Offset Mode, ndi Mayeso a Memory

Pa ma boardboard a AMD (kachiwiri, mwachitsanzo, pama board ena a ASUS), mudzawona kuwongolera ngati “VDDCR CPU Voltage"kapena zofanana. Njira ya Adaptive nthawi zambiri sapezeka pano, ndiye..." Mudzasewera mu Offset mode Pafupifupi ndithu. Mfundoyi ndi yofanana: mtengo woipa, masitepe ang'onoang'ono, ndi kuleza mtima ndi mayesero.

Zofunikira zina zimakhala zofanana: kutsimikizika kwautali komanso kosiyanasiyanaPakuyesa kupsinjika kwanthawi zonse mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Realbench kapena AIDA64; ngati mukufunanso kuonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa chowongolera kukumbukira (IMC) ndi posungira, gwiritsani ntchito zida monga Runmemtest Pro ndi memtest Itha kuletsa zodabwitsa m'magawo amasewera kapena katundu wosakanikirana wa CPU-RAM.

Monga Intel, CPU iliyonse ya AMD ili ndi kulolerana kwake pakutsika kwamagetsi. Tchipisi zina zimavomereza kuchotsera kwakukulu Ena amakhala osatopa, pamene ena amamva kumva kuwakhudza ngakhale pang’ono. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kutsata pang'onopang'ono ndikutsimikizira kwanthawi yayitali ndikofunikira ngati mukufuna gulu lolimba.

GPU Undervolting: Voltage/Frequency Curve ndi MSI Afterburner

Njirayi imapezeka kwambiri pamakhadi ojambula, chifukwa Simufunikanso kutsegula BIOS. Zida ngati MSI Afterburner Amakulolani kuti musinthe ma voltage / ma frequency curve ndikuyika mfundo zenizeni kuti GPU ikhalebe ndi ma frequency omwe mukufuna pamagetsi otsika.

Lingaliro ndi losavuta: pezani pomwe, mwachitsanzo, GPU imasunga ma frequency ake amasewera pamagetsi otsikaIzi zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mafani azitha kuyenda mochepa komanso amachepetsa phokoso. Zotsatira zake zitha kukhala zochititsa chidwi muzochitika zazing'ono kapena machitidwe omwe amalimbana ndi kutentha kozungulira.

Koma palibe njira yapadziko lonse lapansi. GPU iliyonse ili ndi silicon ndi firmware yakeKotero zomwe zimagwira ntchito pa unit imodzi sizingakhale zokhazikika pa zina. Ngati simukutsimikiza, yang'anani maupangiri enaake ngati cholozera, ndiyeno sinthani bwino ndi khadi lanu: sinthani pang'ono ndikuyesa masewera ndi ma benchmark omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.

Chotsatira chomaliza ndi chiyani? Muzochitika zenizeni zapadziko lonse lapansi, ndizofala kukhalabe ndi FPS yomweyo pamaudindo ofunikira, ndi mwayi wa kutsika kwa 8-12 ºC ndi kupanga dongosolo linonong'ono-chete. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu ambiri amasiya kujambula ma FPS kapena kusiya matekinoloje opangira chimango: mosasamala, khadi lojambula silimagwedezekanso ndi kutentha kapena phokoso losasangalatsa.

Zowopsa, malire ndi zizindikiro zochenjeza

The undervolt "sikuphwanya" chilichonse palokha, koma Inde, ikhoza kukakamiza kusakhazikika ngati mutapitirira.Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwamasewera popanda cholakwika, zojambula, ndi zovuta monga VK_ERROR_DEVICE_LOSTKuyambiranso modzidzimutsa kapena zowonera zabuluu. Ngati muwona zina mwazizindikirozi mutadula magetsi, ndi nthawi yoti mubwerere.

Zimathandizanso kuyika zomwe mukuyembekeza kukwaniritsa. Ngati mukuyang'ana magwiridwe antchito pamtengo uliwonseZingakhale zosafunikira kwa inu. M'masewera ampikisano, ena amakonda mutu wowonjezera pafupipafupi kuposa chete. Kumbali ina, ngati choyambirira chanu ndi kutentha ndi phokoso, kapena ngati dongosolo lili pamalo otentha, kusasamala kumapereka phindu lalikulu ndi ndalama zero.

Chidziwitso chimodzi chowonjezera: Si zonse za chip.Nthawi zina vuto la kutentha limabwera chifukwa cha kusayenda bwino kwa mpweya, heatsink yosakwanira, kapena mafani olowera molakwika. Musanakhutitsidwe ndi ma voltages, yang'anani kuti mlanduwo ukutopetsa bwino mpweya wotentha komanso kuti heatsink yomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito idavotera TDP yeniyeni ya CPU/GPU yanu.

Njira zina zochepetsera: kuziziritsa ndi kutuluka kwa mpweya

Ngati mukukayikira kugwira ntchito ndi ma voltages, pali njira zothandiza kwambiri zochitira. Sinthani kuzizira kwa CPU Itha kugwira ntchito modabwitsa ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mtundu woyambira womwe umachepa. Mtundu wokhala ndi malo okulirapo, mapaipi otenthetsera bwino, kapena choziziritsa chamadzi cha AIO chamadzimadzi amatha kukhazikika kutentha osakhudza ngakhale BIOS.

Chassis ndi yofunikanso. Mpweya woganiziridwa bwino -kulowetsa kutsogolo / kumunsi ndi kutulutsa kumbuyo / pamwamba -, ndi mafani abwino omwe ali bwino, amatha kuchepetsa kutentha kwa zigawo zonse. Zing'onozing'ono, kuganizira chitsanzo chokulirapo kapena chokhala ndi mauna otseguka amasintha mawonekedwe otentha.

Osayiwala mafani okha: Zotsika mtengo zimayenda pang'onopang'ono mpweya komanso zimakwezangati ndi Kuthamanga kwa fan yanu sikusintha ngakhale ndi mapulogalamuOnani zowongolera, zolumikizira, ndi mbiri ya PWM. Kusintha ma curve a PWM kuti afulumire pokhapokha pakufunika komanso kuyeretsa zosefera ndi ma radiator nthawi ndi nthawi ndiko kukonza kofunikira komwe anthu ambiri samanyalanyaza.

Momwe mungatsimikizire kukhazikika: zoyeserera zenizeni ndi nthawi

Chinsinsi chokhazikika chimaphatikiza kupsinjika kopanga komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni. Za CPUKatundu wina ndi wopanda AVX, thamangani magawo a AIDA64 kapena Realbench, ndikuyesa kukumbukira IMC ndi cache pogwiritsa ntchito Runmemtest Pro ndi memtest. Kuti muwonetsetse kukhazikika kwa 24/7, sungani mayesowa. pakati pa 8 ndi 24 maola pa kusintha Ndizoyenera, ngakhale zingatenge masiku angapo ngati mutabwerezanso bwino.

Kwa ma GPU, gwiritsani ntchito masewera anu ofunikira ndi ma benchmark omwe amakankhira khadi mpaka malire ake. Yang'anirani kutentha, kuthamanga kwa wotchi, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. (ngati pulogalamu yanu ikuloleza), ndipo zindikirani zizindikiro zachilendo. Musathamangire kuchepetsa kutentha: kufika pamalo okhazikika ndi opanda phokoso ndi bwino kusiyana ndi kukanda pamodzi 2°C ndikuika pangozi ngozi.

Mukaganiza kuti mwatha, khalani ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa masiku angapo. Ngati palibe vuto limodzi lomwe limapezeka pakugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsikuMupeza malo anu okoma. Ndipo ngati china chake chachilendo chikachitika, kumbukirani kuti kukwera pang'ono kwa ma millivolts kumatha kubwezeretsa bata popanda chilango chilichonse chamafuta.

Kodi m'pofunikadi? Ndi liti, ndipo si liti?

Monga ndi chilichonse mu hardware, zimatengera cholinga. Ngati cholinga chanu ndikukhala chete, kutentha kochepa komanso kuchita bwinoUndervolting ndi chida chosangalatsa komanso chosinthika chomwe, chikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, chimakulitsa magwiridwe antchito a PC. Aliyense amene akukumana ndi kutentha kwakukulu, phokoso lochepa, kapena kuzimitsa kutentha adzapindula mwamsanga.

Ngati chinthu chanu chikufinya MHz iliyonse kuchokera padongosolo lanu, iyi mwina singakhale njira yanu. Kugwira ntchito pamlingo wokwanira Nthawi zambiri zimafunikira ma voltages okwera pang'ono kapena, osawalepheretsa. Ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri: chitonthozo ndi kuchita bwino poyerekeza ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba. Mulimonsemo, musanachotse kusagwirizana, yesani pang'ono; ambiri amadabwa ndi kuchuluka kwa silicon awo akhoza kupirira popanda nsembe ntchito.

Ndi chipiriro, kuyesa, ndi kulingalira bwino, Kupanda mphamvu kumakupatsani mwayi wosunga magwiridwe antchito omwe mukufuna pochepetsa phokoso, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, komanso kutentha.Ngati GPU yanu ikupangitsa kuti mafaniwo azizungulira pa 75 ° C, ndizotheka kuti ndikusintha kokhazikika, kutsika mpaka 60-65 ° C popanda kutayika kwamasewera osalala. Kwa ma CPU, kusewera ndi offset, kumvetsetsa Vdroop, ndi kulemekeza makonzedwe a LLC kumapangitsa kusiyana pakati pa dongosolo lokhazikika ndi lomwe limakonda kuchulukirachulukira. Ndipo ngati simukufuna kusokoneza ma voltages, kumbukirani kuti kukonza kutentha kwa heatsink ndi kayendedwe ka mpweya akadali njira yachindunji, yotsika mtengo, komanso, koposa zonse, yothandiza kwambiri.

Nkhani yowonjezera:

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pamene CPU yanu yatha? Zoyambitsa, zotsatira zake, ndi mayankho atsatanetsatane

Mkhristu Garcia

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