Momwe mungatetezere zolemba zanu zachinsinsi ndi BitLocker encryption mu Windows

La chitetezo cha deta Ndizofunika kwambiri kuposa kale lonse mu nthawi ya digito, kumene zipangizo zimayenda nafe ndipo zimatha kugwera m'manja olakwika. Bitlocker Ndi Izi zingapangitse kusiyana pakati pa kutaya laputopu yokha ndi kutaya chidziwitso chonse chomwe chilipo. Koma BitLocker ndi chiyani kwenikweni, ndi chiyani, ndipo ndimayiyambitsa bwanji?

Kaya mumagwiritsa ntchito Windows pantchito, kusukulu, kapena kungogwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, kudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito encryption ya BitLocker kumatha kukupulumutsirani mavuto ambiri. Tifotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe imagwirira ntchito, zomwe muyenera kuyiyambitsa, komanso momwe mungayendetsere.

Kodi BitLocker ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuganizira kuyiyambitsa?

BitLocker ndiye disk encryption solution yopangidwa ndi Microsoft ndikuphatikizidwa m'makina ambiri a Windows. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuletsa mwayi wosaloledwa wa data pa hard drive, kaya ndi drive drive, secondary drive, kapena zida zakunja.

Lingaliro ndi losavuta: Zonse zomwe zili pagalimoto zimasungidwa pogwiritsa ntchito algorithm yamphamvu, nthawi zambiri AES (Zolemba Zapamwamba Zowonjezera), ndipo zitha kusinthidwa ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi kiyi yolondola kapena akwaniritsa zofunikira zotsimikizira. Ngati wina ayesa kupeza diski kuchokera pa kompyuta ina kapena kuchotsa zidziwitsozo mwachindunji, amakumana ndi chotchinga chosagonjetseka.

Chifukwa chiyani mumagwiritsa ntchito BitLocker? Gwiritsani ntchito milandu ndi zoopsa zomwe zingapewedwe

BitLocker imateteza makamaka ku zoopsa ziwiri zomwe zimafala kwambiri: Kubedwa kapena kutayika kwa kompyuta yanu, ndi kutaya kosayenera kapena kubwezeretsanso ma drive osungira. Ngati laputopu yanu itayika mukamayenda, kubedwa kuntchito, kapena kutayidwa popanda kufufuta, mafayilo anu azikhala otetezeka bola BitLocker ikugwira ntchito ndipo mwayendetsa bwino makiyi anu.

Komanso, Kubisa n'kofunika kuti muzitsatira malamulo oteteza deta, ku Ulaya (monga GDPR) ndi m'magawo olamulidwa (zaumoyo, maphunziro, ndi zina zotero). pomwe chinsinsi chimakhala chofunikira. Osati mabizinesi okha: wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense amene akufuna kuteteza zithunzi zake, zikalata zaku banki, kapena mafayilo obisika ayenera kuganizira chitetezo chowonjezera ichi.

Momwe BitLocker Imagwirira Ntchito: Tekinoloje, Mitundu, ndi Kutsimikizika

BitLocker amagwiritsa ntchito AES encryption mu XTS kapena CBC mode, ndi 128 kapena 256-bit makiyi kutengera kasinthidweMuyezowu umaonedwa kuti ndi wotetezeka kwambiri komanso umavomerezedwa ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse lapansi, kuwonetsetsa kuti deta siyingawerengedwe popanda kiyi yoyenera, ngakhale wowukirayo atakhala ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito diski.

Pali njira zingapo zotsegula encryption:

• TPM (Magawo Odalirika a Platform): Chip chokhazikika pakompyuta chomwe chimasunga makiyi obisala bwino ndikutsimikizira kuti makinawo sanasokonezedwe.
• PIN poyambira: Mawu achinsinsi amawonjezeredwa kuti wogwiritsa ntchito alowe nthawi iliyonse kompyuta ikayambika.
• Chipangizo cha USB ngati kiyi ya boot: Dongosolo limatsegulidwa kokha ngati USB yokhala ndi kiyi yofunikira idalumikizidwa kale.
• Mawu achinsinsi achikhalidwe: Kwa ma drive akunja kapena ma disks achiwiri, mawu achinsinsi angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Ubwino waukulu wogwiritsa ntchito BitLocker ndi TPM ndikuti, kuwonjezera pa kusavuta, Zimatetezanso kuukira kwa boot komanso kusokoneza thupi. Komabe, pamakompyuta opanda TPM, BitLocker imatha kugwirabe ntchito, koma imafunikira makonzedwe owonjezera ndipo sapereka chitetezo chofanana pakusintha kwa boot.

Zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito BitLocker: hardware, Windows edition, ndi magawo

Kuti mutengere mwayi pa BitLocker, Kompyutayo iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunika zina zomwe zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa encryption ndi mtundu wa Windows.

• Windows Edition: BitLocker ikupezeka pa Windows 11 ndi 10 Pro, Enterprise, and Education versions, komanso Pro ndi zosintha zapamwamba za Windows 8.1 ndi Windows 7. Zosintha zapakhomo zimangophatikizapo zomwe zimatchedwa "chipangizo cha encryption," chomwe chiri chochepa kwambiri.
• TPM mtundu 1.2 kapena kupitilira apo: Ndikofunikira pakubisa kodziwikiratu komanso kuwunika kukhulupirika kwadongosolo. Pamakompyuta opanda TPM, kiyi yoyambira ya USB kapena mawu achinsinsi angagwiritsidwe ntchito, ngakhale izi sizotetezedwa.
• Firmware Yothandizira: UEFI kapena BIOS iyenera kuthandizira TCG ndipo, ngati ili ndi TPM 2.0, imafuna UEFI boot mode ndi CSM yoyimitsidwa.
• Magawo a Disk: Diskiyo iyenera kugawika ndi drive drive imodzi (pomwe Windows ili ndi ma boot) ndi drive drive imodzi. Yoyamba ndi FAT32 mu UEFI ndi NTFS mu BIOS.

Musanayambe kuyambitsa BitLocker, ndikofunikira kuti muwone ngati kompyuta yanu ikukwaniritsa izi. Mungathe kuchita izi pofufuza "System Information" mu Windows ndikuyang'ana gawo la "Device Encryption Support".

Momwe mungayambitsire BitLocker pang'onopang'ono

Kuchokera pamawonekedwe azithunzi

1. Pitani ku "Control Panel" ndikupita ku "System ndi Security".
2. Dinani "BitLocker Drive Encryption."
3. Sankhani galimoto yomwe mukufuna kubisa ndikusankha "Yatsani BitLocker."
4. Sankhani njira yotsegula: kugwiritsa ntchito TPM, password, PIN, kapena USB ngati kiyi yoyambira.
5. Sankhani komwe mungasungire kiyi yanu yochira: ku akaunti yanu ya Microsoft, pa ndodo ya USB, fayilo yakunja, kapena yosindikizidwa pamapepala.
6. Sankhani ngati mukufuna kubisa malo okhawo omwe mukugwiritsa ntchito kapena disk yonse. Njira yotsirizayi ndi yocheperapo koma yotetezeka kwambiri pama disks omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
7. Sankhani mtundu wa encryption: watsopano (XTS-AES) wovomerezeka pamakompyuta apano, kapena ogwirizana (CBC) ngati mukusamutsa galimotoyo kumakompyuta akale.
8. Onani bokosi la "Run BitLocker system check" kuti mutsimikizire kuti zonse ndi zolondola.
9. Yambitsaninso kompyuta yanu; encryption adzayamba pambuyo kuyambiransoko.

Chonde dziwani kuti njirayi imatha kutenga mphindi 20 mpaka maola angapo kutengera kukula ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka unit. Mutha kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta, koma tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musagwire ntchito zovuta mpaka mutamaliza.

Kuchokera pamzere wolamula

Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito apamwamba, ndizotheka kuthandizira BitLocker ndikuwongolera zosankha zake kuchokera pamayendedwe olamula pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo manage-bde. Mwachitsanzo:

• manage-bde -on C: -RecoveryPassword kuyatsa BitLocker pa drive C ndikukhazikitsa kiyi yobwezeretsa.
• manage-bde -status kuti muwone momwe ma encryption ali pa ma drive onse.

Izi ndizothandiza pakusinthira makina pamakompyuta ambiri, abwino m'mabizinesi.

Kuwongolera Kuwongolera Kwambiri: Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

Ulalo wofunikira kwambiri pakubisa kwa BitLocker ndi kiyi yobwezeretsa. Popanda izo, palibe njira yopezera deta yanu ngati mwaiwala mawu achinsinsi, kutaya PIN yanu, kapena makina azindikira zosintha zokayikitsa (mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pakusintha kwakukulu kwa hardware). Musanamalize kukhazikitsa, Windows ikufuna kuti musunge kiyi yobwezeretsa iyi. Muli ndi zosankha zingapo:

• Akaunti ya Microsoft: Imalumikizidwa yokha kapena pamanja, kulola kuti ibwezedwe ku chipangizo chilichonse polowa.
• Sindikizani kapena sungani ku fayilo ya USB / yakunja: Onetsetsani kuti simukuzisiya poyera kapena pakompyuta yokha, kuti aliyense amene apeza chipangizocho asabenso makiyiwo.
• Mayankho a Active Directory kapena MDM: M'makampani, ndizofala kusunga mawu achinsinsi onse mu bukhu lapakati, kupangitsa kuti ma dipatimenti a IT azitha kuwapeza mosavuta.

Ngati mungafunike kiyi, Windows ikuwonetsani chizindikiritso chapadera chokuthandizani kupeza fayiloyo.

Momwe mungalepheretse kapena kuyimitsa BitLocker

Kuyimitsa ndi kuyimitsa BitLocker ndizothandiza ngati mutasintha BIOS, kusintha kwa hardware, kapena ngati mwaganiza kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito kubisa.

• Chotsa ntchito: Imasunga disk encrypted, koma imalepheretsa chitetezo cha BitLocker kwakanthawi mpaka kuyambiranso kotsatira. Izi zimalimbikitsidwa musanakonzenso firmware, ngati apo ayi, mutha kutaya mwayi.
• Chotsani: Kuchotsa kwathunthu kuyendetsa, njira yomwe ingatenge maola angapo. Pambuyo pake, disk idzapezeka popanda mawu achinsinsi komanso osatetezedwa.

Zosankha zonsezi zitha kuyendetsedwa kuchokera ku "Manage BitLocker" mu Control Panel kapena kudzera pamzere wolamula.

Zochepa komanso zovuta zomwe zingachitike pa BitLocker

• Palibe m'mitundu yonse ya Windows: Zomasulira zakunyumba zimangothandizira kubisa kwazida kosavuta ndipo samapereka zosankha zonse za BitLocker.
• Pamafunika zida zogwirizana: Mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri wachitetezo umatheka kokha ndi TPM yogwirizana ndi BIOS/UEFI. Popanda izi, kubisa kumagwira ntchito koma kumakhala kocheperako polimbana ndi zida zakuthupi.
• Kiyi yotayika = kutayika kwa data: Ngati simunasunge bwino kiyi yobwezeretsa, mutaya mwayi wofikira mafayilo anu obisidwa mpaka kalekale.
• Kugwirizana ndi machitidwe ena: Ma drive obisika sapezeka mosavuta pamakina ogwiritsira ntchito kupatula Windows.
• Kusintha kwa Hardware kapena kukweza: Nthawi zina, mutatha kukonza BIOS kapena kusintha magawo, BitLocker ingafunike kiyi yochira kuti mupezenso chidziwitso chanu.

Ndani ayenera kuyatsa BitLocker?

Ngati mumasunga zinsinsi zanu, zaukadaulo, kapena zachinsinsi, kubisa kwa disk kuli kofunikira masiku ano. Zimalimbikitsidwa makamaka mu:

• Makampani ndi mabungwe omwe amayang'anira zidziwitso zodziwika bwino (zaumoyo, maphunziro, zamalamulo, ndi zina)
• Ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amayenda kwambiri kapena amagwira ntchito kutali, chifukwa izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa chipangizo kapena kuba.
• Aliyense amene akufuna kuletsa zambiri zaumwini, zithunzi, zolemba, kapena zidziwitso kuti zitheke m'manja osaloledwa.

Sizovomerezeka ngati mukufuna kusuntha ma disks pafupipafupi pakati pa Windows ndi Linux, kapena ngati mukufuna mayankho omveka bwino.

Ndikofunikira kuti Kuthandizira kubisa kwa BitLocker mu Windows ndi njira imodzi yothandiza kwambiri kuti muteteze zambiri zanu komanso zaukadaulo kuti zisapezeke mosaloledwa ngati chipangizocho chigwera m'manja olakwika. Potsatira njira zomwe zili mu bukhuli ndi kulabadira kasamalidwe ka makiyi obwezeretsa, mutha kusangalala ndi mtendere wamumtima podziwa kuti deta yanu ndi yotetezedwa ndi ukadaulo wamphamvu, wophatikizika wokometsedwa pamakina amakono a Windows.