Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito Windows Sandbox kuyesa zowonjezera kapena zokayikitsa

Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi kukhazikitsa zowonjezera, zomwe zingatheke, kapena kutsegula cholumikizira chokayikitsa, pali chida chofunikira chomwe tili nacho chomwe sitiyenera kuchinyalanyaza: Windows Sandbox, kuyesa zowonjezera kapena mapulogalamu otheka omwe amayambitsa kukayikiraZili ngati kutsegula gawo loyera lomwe, likatsekedwa, limafufutika: ziro zinyalala, ziro zowopsa.

Lingaliro ndi losavuta: yesani, sinthani, kapena kuyang'ana mozungulira pamalo akutali Sichikhudza unsembe wanu waukulu. Imayamba mwachangu, imagwiritsa ntchito Windows 'yake, ndipo idapangidwa kuti wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense yemwe ali ndi mtundu wogwirizana azitha kuyiyambitsa ndikudina pang'ono.

Kodi Windows Sandbox ndi chiyani ndipo imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Windows Sandbox (Windows Sandbox kapena WSB) ndi a zopepuka, zosakhalitsa, zapakompyuta zodzipatula pa hardware Imayendera ngati pulogalamu ina iliyonse. Pansi pake, imathandizira hypervisor ya Microsoft kuti ikhazikitse kernel yodziyimira payokha, yodzipatula, kupatula zomwe zimachitika mkati mwa kernel kuchokera ku makina ochitira.

Malingaliro ake ndi omveka bwino: Nthawi iliyonse mukatsegula, imayamba kuchokera pa Windows yomwe yangoikidwa kumene, popanda kutsata magawo am'mbuyomu. Mapulogalamu kapena mafayilo omwe mumayika mkati mwake amakhala otsekeka; Mukatseka zenera, zonse zimasowa, ndipo nthawi ina mukatsegula, mudzakhala ndi chitsanzo choyera.

Poyerekeza ndi makina apamwamba kwambiri, WSB imapereka Zimayamba mumasekondi, kuchepetsa kukumbukira kukumbukira Ndipo palibe zithunzi zamakina zowongolera. Sipafunikanso kukonzekera ma disks kapena ma templates: ndi sandbox yotayika yomangidwa mu Windows Pro, Enterprise, ndi Education.

• Kuphatikizidwa mu Windows: ndi gawo la dongosolo mu editions n'zogwirizana, popanda owonjezera zithunzi kukopera.
• Zotayidwa: Chilichonse chomwe chimachitika mkati chimafufutidwa potseka.
• Oyera poyambira kulikonse: nsapato ngati kukhazikitsa kwa Windows koyera.
• Zedi: Kudzipatula kudzera pakompyuta yozikidwa pa hardware ndi Microsoft hypervisor.
• Imayenera: chiyambi champhamvu, Virtual GPU kasamalidwe kosankha komanso mwanzeru.

Kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, izi zikutanthauza kuti mungathe kuyesa mapulogalamu opanda chiopsezo, pitani ku mawebusaiti okayikitsa, kapena sankhani zomata popanda kusokoneza kompyuta yanu. Ngati china chake sichikuyenda bwino, mutha kutseka Sandbox ndipo ndi momwemo.

Kodi sandbox software ndi chiyani?

Pulogalamu ya "sandbox" imapanga malo enieni komanso ochepa kumene mungathe kuyendetsa ndondomeko m'njira yoyendetsedwa. Zimayika kudzipatula pakati pa zomwe mumayesa ndi dongosolo lanu lenileni, kotero kuti zotsatira zilizonse kapena khalidwe loipa watsekedwa.

Njira iyi imawonjezera zida zina, inde, koma pobwezera zimatsimikizira zimenezo simuyipitsa malo anu akulu Simumayipitsa ngakhale kaundula kapena fayilo yeniyeni. Windows imayiphatikiza mu WSB kuti ipereke ngati muyezo mu Pro ndi Enterprise (onse Windows 10 ndi Windows 11).

Kuphatikiza pa chitetezo, sandbox ndiyothandiza kwambiri kuyesa mapulogalamu, ma demos, QA ndi chitukuko. Zimakupatsani mwayi wopanganso malo oyera, kubwereza zochitika, ndikutaya zosintha ndikudina kamodzi.

Ndikofunika kumveketsa bwino za chikhalidwe chake: Sikuti ndi VM yokhazikikaChinsinsi apa ndikusakhazikika, kukulolani kuti muyesere mosavuta ndikubwerera ku sikwele imodzi poyambira kulikonse.

Kusindikiza ndi zilolezo zogwirizana

WSB imayatsidwa Windows 10/11 Pro, Enterprise ndi Education (onani Mawindo a Windows 11), kuphatikiza mitundu ngati Pro Education/SE. Kunyumba, ndi kapangidwe, sapezeka.

Ponena za ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito, Ziphatso za Windows Pro/Pro Education/SE ndi mapulani abizinesi Makampani (E3/E5) ndi maphunziro Maphunziro (A3/A5) muli ndi ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito Windows Sandbox. Ngati mukuchokera Kunyumba ndipo mukufuna chidwi ndi izi, kupita ku Pro Nthawi zambiri ndi njira yolunjika kwambiri.

Zofunikira pa Hardware ndi malingaliro

Kuti igwire ntchito, muyenera a 64-bit CPU yokhala ndi virtualization (Intel VT-x kapena AMD-V), virtualization yothandizidwa mu BIOS/UEFI, ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito ogwirizana. Kwa Windows 10, mtundu wa 1903 kapena wamtsogolo ukufunika pamitundu ya Pro/Enterprise; kwa Windows 11, mtundu wa 1903 kapena wamtsogolo ndiwofunikira pamitundu ya Pro kapena Enterprise.

Osachepera, Microsoft imalankhula za 4GB RAM, 1GB malo aulere ndi 2 cores. Tsopano, kukhala pamwamba pa zinthu, choyenera ndi kukhala nacho 8GB kapena kuposa RAM ndi purosesa yamakono ya 6-core/12-thread ngati muyesa mapulogalamu olemera.

Kumbukirani kuti chilichonse chomwe mumathamangira mkati chimawononganso zinthu: ngati muyesa mapulogalamu ofunikira, sungani RAM ndi mutu wa CPU kuti wolandila aziyenda bwino. Ma SSD amathandiza kwambiri kuti chilichonse chiziyenda bwino.

Kukhazikitsa ndi kuyambitsa Windows Sandbox

Mutha kuyiyambitsa kuchokera pa mawonekedwe a Windows okha kapena pofunsa momwe yambitsani ndikugwiritsa ntchito Sandbox. Pitani ku Control Panel > Mapulogalamu > Yatsani kapena kuzimitsa mawonekedwe a Windows ndi kusankha “Windows Sandbox” (kapena “Windows Sandbox” malinga ndi chilankhulo chanu). Landirani ndikuyambitsanso mukafunsidwa.

Ngati mukufuna console, ingotsegulani PowerShell monga woyang'anira ndikuyendetsa: Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -FeatureName "Containers-DisposableClientVM" -All -Online. Mukamaliza, yambitsaninso kompyuta yanu.

Mukayambiranso, tsegulani menyu Yoyambira, lembani "Windows Sandbox" ndi kuthamanga. Zimatenga nthawi yotalikirapo nthawi yoyamba chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa koyambirira, koma kutsegulira kotsatira kumathamanga ngati chipolopolo.

Mukangoyamba, mudzawona a Yeretsani Mawindo, pawindo limodzi, okonzeka kukhazikitsa chilichonse chomwe mukufuna. Ndi malo okhazikika: chilichonse chomwe mwayika pa PC yanu yeniyeni sizikuwoneka mkati, komanso mosemphanitsa.

Kusintha kwawindo ndi amasintha dynamically Kukula kulikonse komwe mungasankhe. Simuyenera kupanga maakaunti kapena kuyambitsa ziphaso: cholinga chake ndi "kutsegula, kuyesa, ndi kutseka" popanda kukangana.

Pofikira, WSB imayamba popanda GPU yothamanga ndi kasinthidwe koyambira (mu maupangiri ambiri muwona zolozera ku 4 GB za chilengedwe). Ngati mukufuna kukumbukira zambiri kapena kuyatsa vGPU, mutha kutero ndi mafayilo osintha a .wsb, monga tidzawonera mtsogolo.

Momwe mungasunthire mafayilo, oyika, ndi zowonjezera ku Windows Sandbox

Ili ndiye funso la madola miliyoni: ndingapeze bwanji choyikira kapena mafayilo anga mu sandbox? Pali njira zingapo, ndipo ndi bwino kusankha otetezeka kutengera zomwe mukufuna kuyesa, Mwachitsanzo yesani zowonjezera za Chrome.

• Njira 1: Koperani ndi kumiza. Nthawi zambiri mutha kukopera kuchokera kwa wolandirayo ndikumata mu Sandbox (njira zazifupi Ctrl + C / Ctrl + V). Ngati muyesa chinthu chowopsa, ndibwino kuphatikiza izi ndi ma network olemala kapena mafoda owerengera okha kuti muchepetse kuukira.
• Njira 2: Tsitsani mkati mwa Sandbox. Tsegulani Edge mu sandbox ndi tsitsani fayilo ya EXE/ZIP kuchokera patsamba la wopanga. Mwanjira iyi, mumapewa kusamutsa mafayilo kuchokera kwa wolandila ndikusunga dera 100% sandboxed.
• Njira 3: Mafoda ojambulidwa mumayendedwe owerengera okha. Mukhoza kukonza foda yosungiramo kuti iwoneke mu Sandbox pogwiritsa ntchito fayilo ya .wsb ndikuyilemba ngati Pemphani Owerenga, kotero kuti palibe chomwe chimachitika mkati chomwe chingachotse kapena kusintha mafayilo anu enieni.
• Njira 4: Kugawana maukonde (ngati mwalola). Kuyika gawo lolandila ndikulipeza kuchokera ku Sandbox ndi njira ina, ngakhale pazifukwa zachitetezo, si wokondedwa kwa mafayilo omwe angakhale oopsa.

Zofunika: musadalire kukokera ndikugwetsa ngati njira yosinthira mafayilo; ndi kupanga, Ma drive a USB flash samakwera mwachindunji mu WSB. Ngati mukufuna fayilo kuchokera pa USB drive, ikopereni kwa wolandirayo poyamba ndikugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwa njira zomwe zili pamwambapa.

Kukonzekera kwapamwamba ndi mafayilo a .wsb

WSB amavomereza Mafayilo osintha a XML zomwe zimasintha mawonekedwe a chilengedwe: kukumbukira komwe kumaperekedwa, vGPU, network, clipboard, audio/video, ndi zikwatu zojambulidwa. Mukungoyenera kupanga fayilo yokhala ndi zowonjezera .wsb pa, sungani ndikutsegula, ndipo Windows idzayambitsa ndi kasinthidwe kumeneko.

Memory: Kugawa RAM momveka bwino MemoryInMB. Mwachitsanzo, 8192 kwa 8 GB. Izi ndizothandiza ngati mukufuna kuthamanga mapulogalamu ofunikira kwambiri mu gawo lapadera.

<Configuration>
  <MemoryInMB>8192</MemoryInMB>
</Configuration>

GPU: Kuti muwongolere kuthamanga kwazithunzi, onjezani Yambitsani. Ndi kusakhulupirika ndi wolumala kuganiza za chitetezo cha host ndi kuchepetsa kuukira pamwamba.

<Configuration>
  <vGPU>Enable</vGPU>
</Configuration>

Zikwatu zojambulidwa: ndi MappedFolders Mutha kuwulula njira yopezera alendo mkati mwa Sandbox. Ngati muyang'ana Pemphani Owerenga zowona, mumapewa kuchotsa kapena kusintha pa PC yanu yeniyeni ngakhale mutalakwitsa mkati mwa sandbox.

<Configuration>
  <MappedFolders>
    <MappedFolder>
      <HostFolder>C:\Users\Public\Downloads</HostFolder>
      <SandboxFolder>C:\Users\WDAGUtilityAccount\Downloads</SandboxFolder>
      <ReadOnly>true</ReadOnly>
    </MappedFolder>
  </MappedFolders>
</Configuration>

Kuphatikiza zosankha: Mutha kusakaniza kukumbukira, vGPU ndi zikwatu kuti pangani mbiri zoyeserera kuti mumatsegula ndikudina kawiri mukafuna. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafayilo okayikitsa, lingalirani kuletsa netiweki mu .wsb ndikugwiritsa ntchito zikwatu zowerengera.

Zochepa ndi zoganizira zachitetezo

WSB si chipolopolo chasiliva: zina zapamwamba zaumbanda Imatha kuzindikira malo enieni ndi "kuchita" mpaka itafika kwa wolandirayo. Komabe, kudzipatula kwa hardware ndi chilengedwe chotayika chimapanga chitetezo chokwanira kwambiri kwa zochitika zambiri.

Potseka Sandbox, chirichonse chatayika: Yangwiro paukhondo wamakina, koma osatheka pamayeso anthawi yayitali omwe amafunikira kulimbikira. Zikatero, mudzakhalabe bwino kugwiritsa ntchito VM yokhala ndi zithunzi.

Pali zolepheretsa zina zomwe muyenera kukumbukira: sangathe kuphedwa angapo nthawi imodzi; mkati sizimathandizidwa mapulogalamu ena (Microsoft Store ndi zida zina monga Calculator kapena Notepad); ndipo simungathe kutsitsa "Mawindo ena" kupatula mawindo omwe ali mkati mwa Sandbox (iwalani, mwachitsanzo, kuyambitsa Windows 7 pa Windows 11 kudzera pa WSB).

Ponena za USB, osindikiza kapena zotumphukira zina, WSB sichimawonetsa zida zopezera Mwachindunji. Imayika patsogolo kudzipatula pachitetezo, kotero njira yokhazikika ndikukopera / kumata, kutsitsa mkati, kapena zikwatu zamapu.

Mafunso wamba

• Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito WSB pa Windows Home? Ayi, mu Pro, Enterprise, ndi Education (kuphatikiza Pro Education/SE). Ngati mukufuna, lingalirani zokweza.
• Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito kukoka ndikugwetsa? Njira yodalirika ndi kukopera / kumata, kutsitsa, kapena kupanga mapu. DnD si njira yoyenera.
• Kodi USB imathandizidwa mkati mwa Windows Sandbox? Mwa mapangidwe, ma drive a USB ndi zotumphukira sizimayikidwa mwachindunji. Sungani zinthu kudzera m'mafoda ojambulidwa kapena kutsitsa mkati.
• Kodi kukumbukira kumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji mwachisawawa? Maupangiri ambiri amatchula 4 GB ngati kasinthidwe koyambira; ngati ndinu wamfupi, gwiritsani ntchito MemoryInMB mu .wsb yanu.
• Kodi ndingathe kuyendetsa kangapo nthawi imodzi? Ayi, sizigwirizana ndi zochitika zingapo panthawi imodzi.
• Kodi imagwira ntchito pa pulogalamu yaumbanda yonse? Pamayeso ambiri, inde, koma zowopseza zina zapamwamba zimatha kuzindikira sandbox. Ndilo gawo lalikulu la chitetezo, osati chishango chathunthu.

Windows Sandbox yakhala "khadi lachitetezo" lomwe limatsegulira njira yoyesera molimba mtima: imakupatsirani Windows yatsopano nthawi zonse, popanda kuyika ma VM, osakonza zithunzi, komanso zosintha zapamwamba pa fayilo ya .wsb kuti muyese bwino RAM, vGPU, netiweki, ndi mafoda owerengera okha. Ngati mukugwira ntchito ndi zowonjezera, zowonjezera, kapena zomata zomwe simukutsimikiza kuti mutha kuziyika pa PC yanu, tsegulani sandbox, yesani, ndikutseka; gulu lanu lenileni lidzakhalabe loyera monga linaliri kale.