Zosintha Zatanthauzo Zalephera: Zoyambitsa, Zothetsera, ndi Zowopsa

Zovuta zokhudzana ndi zosintha zatanthauzo zalephera Ma antivayirasi ndi chitetezo ndi mutu womwe ukuchulukirachulukira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kunyumba, oyang'anira machitidwe, ndi mabizinesi amitundu yonse.

Kusunga makompyuta anu otetezedwa ku zowopseza zaposachedwa kumadalira mwachindunji kukonzanso matanthauzidwe a virus. Iyi ndi njira yowoneka ngati yosavuta, koma imatha kusokonezedwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zaukadaulo ndi kasinthidwe. M'nkhaniyi tiona Tanthauzo la antivayirasi ndi chiyani? y chifukwa chake zosintha zanu zikulepheraTimawunikanso zoopsa zomwe zingagwirizane nazo, njira zabwino zothanirana nazo, komanso momwe tingasamalire zosinthazi.

Kodi zosintha zamatanthauzidwe ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani zili zofunika?

ndi antivayirasi matanthauzo ndi mafayilo omwe ali ndi mafotokozedwe, mawonekedwe ndi ma signature a digito a ma virus, Trojans ndi mitundu ina ya mapulogalamu oyipa posachedwa kwambiri. Ogulitsa zachitetezo amatulutsa matanthauzidwe atsopano pafupipafupi, nthawi zina kangapo patsiku, kuti awonetsetse kuti pulogalamu yachitetezo imatha kuzindikira ndikuchepetsa ziwopsezo zomwe zikubwera.

Popanda kusinthidwa kosalekeza kwa matanthauzo awa, makompyuta onse ndi maukonde onse amasiyidwa kukhudzana ndi matenda omwe angatheke, ziribe kanthu kuti injini ya antivayirasi ndi yapamwamba bwanji kapena yamakono.

Kukonzanso nkhokwe za virus izi ndichifukwa chake a ntchito yofunika kwambiri pachitetezo cha cybersecurity kuchokera ku chipangizo chilichonse kapena malo ochezera a pa intaneti. Zosinthazi zikalephera kapena kusokonezedwa, kompyuta yanu imakhala pachiwopsezo chosazindikira ziwopsezo zatsopano, kuyambitsa matenda omwe angachitike, kuba deta, kupeza mwachisawawa, kapena kutumiza ziwopsezo zovuta kwambiri (monga ransomware).

Zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwatanthauzidwe zosintha

Zolakwika pakukonzanso matanthauzidwe zitha kukhala chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Kudziwa komwe kumayambitsa vuto ndilofunika kwambiri kuti mugwiritse ntchito njira yoyenera. Zina mwa nthawi zambiri zifukwa zopezeka m'mabwalo othandizira a Microsoft ndi zokumana nazo za oyang'anira dongosolo ndi:

• Mavuto okhudzana ndi intaneti: Ngati kompyuta yanu ilibe kulumikizidwa kokhazikika kapena kulumikizana ndi ma seva a woperekera ndikoletsedwa, kutsitsa kumasulira kumatha kulephera kapena kusokonezedwa.
• Zokonda zolakwika za msakatuli: Makamaka pamakina a Windows, kuphatikiza kwa antivayirasi ndi Internet Explorer kungakhudze njira yosinthira ngati pali mikangano kapena osatsegula sadakonzedwe bwino.
• Tsiku ndi nthawi yolakwika pa chipangizocho: Ma seva ambiri osintha amafuna tsiku ndi nthawi yadongosolo kuti zikhale zolondola. Kuchedwetsa pang'ono kungapangitse kutsitsa kukanidwa, kuwonetsa zolakwika monga 0x80072f8f.
• Mafayilo owonongeka mufoda yogawa mapulogalamu: Zosungirako zosinthidwa kwakanthawi zitha kuwonongeka, kulepheretsa matanthauzidwe atsopano kuti ayikidwe kapena kutsitsa.
• Kulephera kwa ntchito zokhudzana ndi Windows Update: Ngati ntchito zosintha siziyamba bwino kapena kuzimitsidwa, matanthauzidwe sangatsitsidwe ndikuyika okha.
• Mapulogalamu a antivayirasi akale kapena mikangano pakati pa mayankho achitetezoKuthamanga mapulogalamu angapo achitetezo nthawi imodzi kumatha kuletsa njira zosinthira ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha zolakwika zinazake.

Zolakwika wamba ndi mauthenga okhudzana ndi zolephera zosintha

Kusintha kwa tanthauzo la virus kukakanika, makinawo amawonetsa mauthenga monga awa:

• Zosintha sizinatheke.
• Zosintha zamatanthauzo sizingawunikidwe, kutsitsa, kapena kuyika.
• Zosintha sizimayikidwa zokha monga momwe zakonzera.
• Zolakwika 0x80072f8f (zokhudzana ndi tsiku/nthawi yolakwika)

Nthawi zina, ikalephera, makinawo amasiya zosintha zikudikirira kuyika, zomwe zingayambitse chisokonezo kwa wogwiritsa ntchito ngati sizikuyang'aniridwa pamanja. Kuyankha mwachangu ku zidziwitso izi ndikofunikira kuti musunge chitetezo chogwira ntchito.

Zowopsa ndi zotsatira za kusasinthitsa matanthauzo a antivayirasi

ndi Zotsatira za kugwira ntchito ndi matanthauzo achikale zambiri kuposa kungokhumudwitsa kuwona uthenga wolakwika. Zina mwa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike ndi izi:

• Kuchulukirachulukira ku pulogalamu yaumbanda yomwe ilipo: Ma antivayirasi sangazindikire zowopseza zomwe zachitika pambuyo pakusintha komaliza kopambana.
• Kukhazikika kwadongosolo ndi zovuta zogwirira ntchitoMapulogalamu ambiri oteteza chitetezo amadalira zosintha kuti zigwire bwino ntchito, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kapena kusagwira bwino ntchito ngati zitatha.
• Kuthekera kwa kulowerera kapena kuwukira komwe mukufunaMagulu a zigawenga zapaintaneti amapezerapo mwayi pakulephera kukhazikitsa kampeni yolimbana ndi machitidwe omwe ali pachiwopsezo.
• Kuwonongeka kwachuma ndi kutayika kwa data: Makamaka m'malo abizinesi, kuwukira kopambana kungayambitse kutayika kwa mamiliyoni, monga momwe zinalili ndi WannaCry, NotPetya, kapena zochitika zaposachedwa monga kulephera kwa CrowdStrike komwe kumakhudza mautumiki ovuta padziko lonse lapansi.

Zoyipa kwambiri, kusowa kwa zosintha kungayambitse kufalikira kwa zida, zomwe zimakhudza ntchito zofunika monga zipatala, mabanki, mayendedwe, ndi ndege, komwe kupezeka kwa data ndi chitetezo ndikofunikira.

Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino komanso momwe mungadziwire vuto lakusintha

Dziwani nthawi a kulephera kwakusintha kwatanthauzo Ndikofunikira kupewa zotsatira zoyipa. Kuphatikiza pa zolakwika zomwe zalembedwa, mutha kuwona zizindikiro monga:

• Zidziwitso zopitilira kuchokera ku Windows Update kapena antivayirasi yokha.
• System nthawi desynchronization.
• Ma antivayirasi amawonetsa chitetezo ngati 'chosasinthidwa' kapena 'chiwopsezo'.
• Kuchulukitsa kokayikitsa pakompyuta yanu kapena netiweki (kuchepetsa, njira zosadziwika).

Kusamala kuzinthu izi kungakuthandizeni kuchitapo kanthu zotsatira zake zisanakhale zovuta kwambiri.

 

Mayankho apang'onopang'ono pazolakwika zosinthira matanthauzidwe

Pansipa pali njira zomwe akatswiri ndi akatswiri amalangizidwa, kuphatikiza njira zabwino zothetsera zolakwika zomwe zimachitika pakusintha matanthauzidwe, ndikutengera zolemba za Microsoft Security Essentials, Windows Defender ndi zochitika zamabizinesi:

1. Chongani intaneti

Tsimikizirani kuti kompyuta kapena seva ili nayo mwayi wokhazikika wa netiweki ndipo palibe zotchingira zozimitsa moto, zoyimira, kapena zoletsa zosefera zomwe zimalepheretsa kutsitsa kuchokera kumaseva ovomerezeka a antivayirasi. Ngati ndi kotheka, yesani kulumikizana kwa chipangizo china kapena kuletsa kwakanthawi chozimitsa moto kuti mupewe kulumikizana.

2. Bwezerani makonda anu osasintha osatsegula

Mapulogalamu ambiri a antivayirasi, makamaka pa Windows, amagwiritsa ntchito Internet Explorer kapena Edge kuti atsitse zosintha. Ngati msakatuli wawonongeka kapena wasinthidwa molakwika, ndiye kuti ndiye gwero la vuto. Kuyikhazikitsanso:

1. Tsekani mapulogalamu onse, kuphatikiza msakatuli wanu.
2. Tsegulani menyu yoyambira, lembani 'inetcpl.cpl' ndikusindikiza Enter kuti mutsegule Zosankha pa intaneti.
3. Pitani ku Advanced tabu ndikudina Bwezeretsani.
4. Landirani ndikuyambitsanso msakatuli.

3. Onetsetsani kuti tsiku ndi nthawi ndi zolondola

Zolakwika zamalumikizidwe zimabweretsa zolephera zambiri zosintha. Sinthani tsiku ndi nthawi pamanja kapena zokha mwa kulunzanitsa ndi ma seva anthawi yake.

4. Tchulani chikwatu chogawa mapulogalamu

Directory SoftwareDistribution imasunga mafayilo osakhalitsa a Windows Update. Ikavunda, imatha kuletsa kuyika kwamtsogolo. Kukonza:

1. Imitsa ntchito zosintha zokha kuchokera ku 'services.msc'.
2. Tsegulani Command Prompt monga woyang'anira ndikuyendetsa malamulo awa:
   cd %mphepo%
   ndi SoftwareDistribution SDTemp
3. Chonde yambitsaninso ntchito yosinthira.

5. Bwezerani makina osinthira antivayirasi

Nthawi zambiri, pulogalamu ya antivayirasi imakulolani kuti mukhazikitsenso ndondomekoyi potsatira malamulo apadera pa dongosolo:

• Tsegulani console ngati woyang'anira.
• Pitani ku chikwatu cha antivayirasi (mwachitsanzo, C: Mafayilo a Pulogalamu Windows Defender).
• Kuthamanga:
  MpCmdRun.exe -removedefinitions -dynamicsignatures
  MpCmdRun.exe -SignatureUpdate

6. Ikani zosintha pamanja

Ngati njira yodziwikiratu ikulephera, mutha kutsitsa matanthauzidwewo pamanja kuchokera patsamba la ogulitsa ndikuwayika mwachindunji, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mwasankha mtundu woyenera pamakina anu ogwiritsira ntchito.

7. Lumikizanani ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo ngati vuto likupitilira

Ngati palibe zomwe zili pamwambazi zomwe zathetsa vutoli, ndi bwino kuti mulumikizane ndi antivayirasi yanu kapena gulu lothandizira la ogulitsa makina kuti akuthandizeni.

Makina odzipangira okha komanso kasamalidwe ka zosintha zamatanthauzidwe

Kwa mabizinesi, komwe kuli makompyuta ambiri kapena mazana, kusungitsa matanthauzidwe ake pamanja sikutheka. Zida monga Patch Manager Plus Amakupatsani mwayi wotsitsa ndikuyika matanthauzidwe a antivayirasi pamakompyuta onse pa netiweki, kuyang'anira kugwiritsa ntchito bandwidth moyenera ndikupewa zolepheretsa.

• Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko zapakati zimapulumutsa nthawi kwa olamulira ndikuchepetsa kuthekera kwa zolakwika zaumunthu.
• Zosinthazi zitha kukhazikitsidwa potengera nthawi ndikuyika patsogolo zida zina zofunika kwambiri.
• Imakulolani kuti muyang'ane momwe netiweki ikusinthira nthawi zonse, ndikuzindikira mayunitsi omwe ali ndi zovuta zamalumikizidwe.

Njira zabwino zopewera kulephera kwa matanthauzidwe

Potsatira malangizo ochepa osavuta mutha kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi zosintha zolephera:

• Onetsetsani nthawi zonse kuti dongosololi lili ndi nthawi ndi tsiku lokhazikitsidwa molondola..
• Sungani injini ya antivayirasi ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito asinthidwa kuonetsetsa kuti zikugwirizana ndi kupeza zinthu zatsopano.
• Gwiritsani ntchito zida zoyang'anira zapakati komanso zodzipangira zokha pamanetiweki, kupeŵa kugwiritsira ntchito pamanja ngati kuli kotheka.
• Yang'anirani zidziwitso zamakina ndikuyankha nthawi yomweyo zidziwitso zilizonse zokhudzana ndi chitetezo.
• Chitani kafukufuku wanthawi ndi nthawi wa zomwe zasinthidwa ndikulongosola omwe ali ndi udindo wowunika..

Kwa ma seva, ndizochita bwino kukonza ntchito zanthawi ndi nthawi (mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito Windows Task Scheduler) kukakamiza zosintha zatsiku ndi tsiku kudzera m'malemba, kuwonetsetsa kuti ngakhale njira yokhayo ikalephera, pali njira yosunga zobwezeretsera.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati palibe yankho lomwe likugwira ntchito?

Vuto likapitilira mutatha kutsatira zomwe mwalangizidwazo, yankho lalikulu kwambiri lingakhale kuchotseratu antivayirasi, kuyeretsa zotsalira pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera, ndikuyikanso mtundu waposachedwa kwambiri womwe umagwirizana ndi opareshoni. M'mabungwe amakampani, ndikofunikira kukaonana ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo cha ogulitsa ndikupereka zipika zatsatanetsatane za kulephera kuzindikirika bwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, m'mabungwe omwe ali ndi chidwi chachikulu, lingalirani a dongosolo langozi zomwe zimaphatikizapo njira zina zotetezera kwakanthawi mpaka ndondomeko yosinthidwa ibwezeretsedwe, ndikofunikira kuti tipewe mipata yachitetezo.

Kuwongolera zosintha zamatanthauzidwe a antivayirasi ndi ntchito yovuta, ngakhale nthawi zambiri imakhala yosazindikirika mpaka cholakwika chitachitika. Khalani tcheru, dziwani zomwe zimayambitsa zolephera ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zinazake, tilole kuti tichepetse chiopsezo cha kuphwanya chitetezo ndi kuchepetsa zotsatira za zochitika zomwe zingatheke.