El cable UTP Ndi chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pazamafoni. Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zingwe zopotoka (motero dzina lake: UTP, acronym in English for Unshielded Twisted Pair) kupezeka mumitundu yambiri yoyika.
Chingwe chamtundu woterechi chimadziwika zambiri zomwe zingathe kufalitsidwa, así como por la velocidad y la precisión zomwe kusamutsa uku kumachitidwa.
Kuti timvetse bwino kufunikira kwa chingwe chamtunduwu, ndikofunikira kuti tibwerere pang'ono m'mbiri. Tikupita chiyambi cha foni, pamene kukhazikitsa mizere yaitali panja panja kunali kofunikira. Pamitengo yamafoni, adayikidwa mipiringidzo momwe chingwe chotumizira chinayenderana ndi chingwe chamagetsi. Kapangidwe kameneka kakuwonekabe m'minda yathu ndi mizinda.
Vuto ndi kasinthidwe kumeneku ndikuti magetsi adasokoneza ma siginecha a foni. Kuthetsa izi, otchedwa transposition chingwe, yomwe chingwe cha UTP ndi chosinthika chosinthika. Kuluka uku ndi komwe kumathandizira kuchepetsa kusokoneza kwa ma elekitiroma, komwe kumatanthawuza mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri wa ma siginecha.
Zingwe zopotoka zidayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'matelefoni aku United States kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19. Pakali pano amayenda mtunda wa makilomita mabiliyoni padziko lonse lapansi. Zambiri zolumikizira intaneti zimagwiritsa ntchito zingwezi.
Kodi UTP Cable ndi yotani?
Kiyi pakugwiritsa ntchito zingwe za UTP pazogwiritsa ntchito zomwe amapangira zili m'manja mwawo kasinthidwe kapena kapangidwe. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti, kupatulapo Chithunzi cha PVC zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuziphimba, zilibe mtundu uliwonse wa chitetezo chapadera. Mkati, sitipeza chinthu chilichonse cholekanitsa pakati pa zingwe.
Como su nombre indica, se trata de awiriawiri a zingwe zomwe zimadutsana ngati mawonekedwe ozungulira, ngati kuti a trenza. Waya aliyense payekha amapangidwa ndi mkuwa kapena aluminiyamu ndipo amabwera ataphimbidwa ndi insulator ya pulasitiki.
Mapangidwe ake ndi awa:
- Pares trenzados: Mawaya anayi amkuwa opotana pamodzi.
- Aislante: chomwe chimakwirira waya aliyense wamkuwa, chinthu chofunikira kupewa mabwalo aafupi.
- Cubierta protectora- Wosanjikiza wakunja wa PVC womwe umateteza zingwe zotsekeka pomwe umapereka kusinthasintha kwa chingwe.
Kutengera zomwe cholinga chawo chidzakhala, zingwe izi Amatha kukhala ndi mapeyala 100 kapena kupitilira apo.. Makamaka amene ankagwiritsa ntchito mtunda wautali pakati pa mayiko kapena makontinenti, pamaso zikamera wa CHIKWANGWANI Optics mu dziko la telecommunications.
Chifukwa cha makhalidwe awa (kuphweka, kupezeka ...), kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe cha UTP kuli ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo kuposa zosankha zina zambiri, chifukwa chake Ndi imodzi mwa njira zofala kwambiri popanga machitidwe olumikizana bwino komanso otetezeka.
Tipos de cable UTP
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zingwe za UTP kutengera mtundu ndi mphamvu kufala zomwe amapereka. Ubwino umachokera pazingwe ziwiri za mawu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza mafoni, mpaka pamlingo wa 5 chingwe chomwe chimakwaniritsa kusamutsa mpaka 100 MBits/s. Ili ndi gulu:
- Gulu 1: Mawu (Chingwe chafoni).
- Gulu 2: Deta pa 4 Mbps (LocalTalk).
- Gulu 3: Deta pa 10 Mbps (Ethernet).
- Gulu 4: Deta pa 20 Mbps/16 Mbps Token mphete.
- Gulu 5: Deta pa 100 Mbps (Fast Ethernet).
Zingwe izi zimatumikira mtundu wa zolumikizira zotchedwa RJ (Registered Jack). Mkati mwa gulu ili la zolumikizira pali, nawonso, kuthekera kosiyanasiyana komwe kulipo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe za UTP
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito za UTP zingwe pamakompyuta apakompyuta. Izi ndi zina mwazodziwika kwambiri:
- Kugwirizana pakati pa makompyuta ndi zida za intaneti: Ndi chingwe chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kulumikiza makompyuta, osindikiza, ma routers ndi zida zina zamaneti.
- Domótica: Imalola kulumikizidwa kwa mitundu yonse yazida zopangira nyumba monga ma thermostats anzeru.
- Maukonde amdera (LAN): Chingwe cha UTP chilipo m'malo ambiri am'deralo, kaya kunyumba kapena kuofesi.
- Sistemas de seguridad: makamera oyang'anira, ma alarm, ndi zina.
- Telefoni: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka polumikizana ndi mafoni apamtunda komanso VoIP.
UTP: Ubwino ndi kuipa
Ngakhale lakhala yankho labwino kwambiri kwazaka zopitilira zana, Chingwe cha UTP chili ndi mbali zabwino ndi zoyipa. Ndikoyenera kuwadziwa kuti awone zomwe amatipatsa m'malo olumikizirana matelefoni masiku ano.
Titha kufotokozera mwachidule zanu ubwino en los siguientes puntos:
- Bajo coste. Ndi njira yotsika mtengo poyerekeza, mwachitsanzo, ndi fiber optics.
- Easy unsembe ndi kusamalira. Ngakhale kwa manja osadziwa.
- Amplia disponibilidad y versatilidad. Itha kugulidwa pasitolo iliyonse ndipo ndiyoyenera kuyika mitundu ingapo.
Ponena za zovuta, zomwe zili nazo, zotsatirazi ndizoyenera kuzitchula:
- Kutengeka ndi kusokonezedwa kwa ma electromagnetic, zomwe zimasokoneza khalidwe la chizindikiro.
- Alcance limitado. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa chingwe, ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi chizindikiro chabwino, ndi pafupifupi mamita 100.
- Ma bandwidth ochepa, yotsika kwambiri kuposa ya fiber optics. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala osayenera ntchito amafuna mkulu kufala liwiro.
Mkonzi wokhazikika pazaukadaulo komanso nkhani zapaintaneti yemwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira khumi pazama media osiyanasiyana. Ndagwira ntchito ngati mkonzi komanso wopanga zinthu pa e-commerce, kulumikizana, kutsatsa pa intaneti ndi makampani otsatsa. Ndalembanso pamawebusayiti azachuma, azachuma ndi magawo ena. Ntchito yanga ndi chidwi changanso. Tsopano, kudzera mu zolemba zanga mu Tecnobits, Ndimayesetsa kufufuza nkhani zonse ndi mwayi watsopano umene dziko laukadaulo limatipatsa tsiku lililonse kuti tisinthe miyoyo yathu.