Momwe mungasinthire USB flash drive ndi VeraCrypt: kalozera wathunthu, maupangiri, ndi zina

Ngati muli ndi chidziwitso chachinsinsi pa USB, Sungani USB flash drive ndi VeraCrypt Ndi chimodzi mwa zisankho zomwe zimakupulumutsirani mavuto ambiri. Mu mphindi zochepa, mutha kusintha kukumbukira kwanu kukhala kotetezeka: popanda fungulo, palibe amene angawerenge chilichonse, ngakhale chipangizo chanu chitayika kapena kubedwa.

VeraCrypt Zimaonekera bwino chifukwa chokhala kwaulere, kotseguka komanso kogwiritsa ntchito nsanja zosiyanasiyana (Windows, macOS, ndi Linux). Imathandiziranso ma aligorivimu apamwamba kwambiri monga AES, Serpent, ndi Twofish, ndipo yachititsa kuti akatswiri ndi anthu onse azikhulupirirana chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwake komanso kusinthika kosalekeza.

Chifukwa chiyani mumagwiritsa ntchito VeraCrypt pagalimoto yanu?

Kwa zaka zambiri, TrueCrypt inali njira yolembera ma disks ndi ma USB, koma chitukuko chake chidayimitsidwa mu 2014Kuyambira pamenepo, VeraCrypt yatenga ngati foloko ya pulojekiti yoyambirira, kukonza zovuta, kuphatikiza kuwongolera chitetezo, ndikusunga mzimu wotseguka.

Ndi VeraCrypt mutha pangani ma voliyumu obisika pamafayilo (zotengera), encrypt partitions, kapena system disk yokhala ndi pre-boot authentication. Aliyense amene alibe mawu achinsinsi (ndipo, ngati mukufuna, kiyi yanu ndi fayilo ya PIM), sichimapeza deta.

Kuthandizira kwake kwanthawi yeniyeni "pa ntchentche" kumatanthauza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kuli chowonekera komanso chodziwikiratu: Mumakopera / kutsegula mafayilo pagalimoto yokwera ndipo VeraCrypt imasamalira kubisa / kubisa popanda kulimbana ndi masitepe owonjezera.

Kuphatikiza pa chitetezo, pali magwiridwe antchito: ngati mugwiritsa ntchito AES ndi CPU yanu imathandizira AES-NIMudzawona kuthamanga kwambiri kuwerenga / kulemba. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pamakompyuta opanda AES-NI, koma magwiridwe antchito adzakhala otsika.

Kodi mungatani kwenikweni?

VeraCrypt imapereka zinthu zingapo zofunika zomwe zimaphimba pafupifupi zosowa zilizonse zachinsinsi pa USB ndi ma disks. Izi ndi zake zinthu zazikulu:

• Pangani chidebe chobisika: fayilo yomwe imakhala ngati disk yotetezedwa ndi mawu achinsinsi (ndi zosankha zina).
• Encrypt partition yachiwiri/drive: yabwino kwambiri encrypt kwathunthu USB kung'anima pagalimoto kapena hard drive yakunja.
• Encrypt system partition/drive: Chitetezo chokwanira ndi chitsimikizo cha pre-boot.
• Disiki yopulumutsa: Zothandizira kuchira muzochitika zovuta.

Kuphatikiza apo, imakupatsani mwayi wopanga a voliyumu yobisika mkati mwa voliyumu ina, njira yothandiza pakakamizidwe: mutha kuwulula mawu achinsinsi omwe amatsegula voliyumu "yakunja" popanda kuwulula chobisika.

Musanayambe: kukopera, chinenero, ndi kunyamula Baibulo

Tsitsani VeraCrypt kuchokera patsamba lanu tsamba lovomerezeka ndi kukhazikitsa. Mukatsegula, mutha kuyiyika ku Spanish kupita ku "Zikhazikiko"> "Language"> "Spanish." Njira yophunzirira ndiyosavuta, ndipo mawonekedwe amakuwongolerani pamasitepe bwino.

Pali mtundu wonyamulika zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito VeraCrypt osayiyika pakompyuta yanu (zothandiza kwambiri mukasuntha USB pakati pamakompyuta). Komabe, muyenera zilolezo za woyang'anira kukwera ma voliyumu, monga madalaivala amanyamulidwa.

Zindikirani: ngati mupita encrypt kwathunthu pendrive (osati kungopanga chidebe), ndondomekoyi mawonekedwe a chifuniro galimoto. Koperani kapena kutulutsa kaye. Mukangopanga chidebe chimodzi pa USB, zotsalazo sizidzachotsedwa.

Zomasulira zamakono zomwe zatchulidwa m'magwero: 1.26.24 ya Windows ndi macOS, ndi ndemanga zaposachedwa kwambiri mu Julayi 2025. Nthawi zonse fufuzani ngati zosintha zokhazikika zilipo.

Pangani chidebe chobisika pa flash drive yanu

Chidebe ndicho njira yosinthika kwambiri: fayilo yobisika yomwe mumayika ngati disk ndi komwe mumasunga chilichonse chomwe mukufuna. Mutha kusuntha kapena kukopera ngati fayilo yabwinobwino.

1. Tsegulani VeraCrypt ndikusindikiza "Pangani voliyumu" kuyambitsa mfiti.
2. Sankhani "Pangani fayilo yachidebe yosungidwa" ndikupitilira ndi "Next".
3. Sankhani VeraCrypt Standard Volume (kapena "Common VeraCrypt Volume"). Pansi pa "Malo," dinani "Sankhani fayilo", pitani ku USB yanu ndikulemba dzina latanthauzo la fayilo (musasankhe fayilo yomwe ilipo). Ndiye, "Sungani".
4. Mu "Kubisa Zosankha" mukhoza kusunga AES Mwachikhazikitso, imapereka chitetezo chochuluka komanso ntchito yabwino. Dinani "Kenako."
5. Fotokozani tanthauzo la kukula kwa voliyumu: kukula kwa fayilo ya chidebe. "Ena".
6. Khazikitsani mawu achinsinsi amphamvu. Onjezani mwakufuna key file (chithunzi, MP3, etc.) ndi "Mafayilo Ofunika ..." ndi yambitsani ngati mukufuna PIM (nambala yachinsinsi yomwe imapangitsa kupeza kukhala kovuta kwambiri). Kumbukirani: nthawi yayitali komanso yosasinthika, ndibwino.
7. Sankhani dongosolo la mafayilo: FAT yogwirizana ndi mafayilo ang'onoang'ono kuposa 4 GB; ngati musunga mafayilo akulu, sankhani exFAT kapena NTFS. Dinani "Format" zonse zikakonzeka.
8. Sunthani mbewa mozungulira zenera mpaka bar entropy amakhala wobiriwira. VeraCrypt imagwiritsa ntchito kusuntha uku kupanga makiyi apamwamba kwambiri.
9. Mukamaliza, tsimikizirani ndi "Landirani" ndikutseka ndi "Pitani kokayenda"Tsopano mwakonza chidebe chanu.

Mukhoza kupanga fayilo yachinsinsi mwachisawawa: VeraCrypt imalemba za mayendedwe a mbewa kwa ~ masekondi 30 kuti mupange zida zapadera za cryptographic. Samalirani monga achinsinsi.

Kwezani ndikugwiritsa ntchito voliyumu yanu yobisika

Kuti mupeze zomwe zili, muyenera onjezerani voliyumu (VeraCrypt imatcha kukweza kapena kuphatikiza.) Ndi njira yachangu:

1. Mu zenera lalikulu, dinani "Archive ..." ndikusankha chidebe cha USB.
2. Sankhani chimodzi kalata ya gawo zomwe zikupezeka pamndandanda.
3. Kanikizani "Phiri" (kapena "Phatikizani"), lowetsani mawu achinsinsi, onjezani fayilo yachinsinsi ndi PIM ngati muwagwiritsa ntchito, ndikutsimikizirani.
4. Voliyumu idzawoneka ngati chimbale chatsopano pa dongosolo lanu. Tsopano mutha kukopera, kuwerenga, ndi kusintha mafayilo nthawi zonse.
5. Kuti mutseke, dinani "Kusokoneza" (kapena "Chotsani Zonse"). Mukhozanso "Log Out" kuchokera ku VeraCrypt batani lokha.

Kumbukirani kuti pomwe USB drive yanu ili ndi VeraCrypt, zomwe zili mkati zimayendetsedwa "pa ntchentche": zenizeni nthawi kubisa/decryption popanda njira zowonjezera.

Sungani USB flash drive yonse

Ngati mukufuna kuti pendrive yonse ikhale encrypted (palibe zotengera), VeraCrypt imakulolani kuti musinthe galimotoyo kukhala a chipangizo chotetezedwa kwathunthu. Kumbukirani kuti makina ogwiritsira ntchito adzawona USB ngati yosasinthika mpaka mutayiyika ndi VeraCrypt.

1. Lowetsani USB ndikutsegula "Pangani Voliyumu".
2. Sankhani "Sungani gawo lachiwiri / pagalimoto".
3. Sankhani Common VeraCrypt Volume (kapena chobisika ngati mukufuna wosanjikiza wowonjezera).
4. Chongani kugawa kwa pendrive (mwachitsanzo, E:) ndikuvomera.
5. Wizard imapereka njira ziwiri:
   • Pangani voliyumu yobisika ndikuyisintha: amafufuta galimoto ndipo mofulumira.
   • Lembani magawo achinsinsi pamene mukusunga deta: amasunga zambiri, koma zimatenga nthawi yayitali.
6. Konzani encryption (AES ndiyabwino kusankha) ndi hashing (yosasinthika SHA-512 kapena, ngati mukufuna kuchita bwino kwambiri, SHA-256 (Ndi zabwinonso).
7. Fotokozani zomwe mwalemba mawu achinsinsi (ndipo, ngati mukufuna, kiyi ndi fayilo ya PIM). Zovuta kwambiri, zimakhala bwino.
8. Sunthani mbewa kuti muwonjezere entropy ndikusindikiza "Fomati" (kapena yambani kubisa pamalo ngati mwasankha kusunga deta).

Akamaliza, Windows idzawonetsabe chilembo choyambirira (mwachitsanzo, E:), koma sichidzatha kutsegula. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, pitani ku VeraCrypt> Sankhani zida, sankhani kugawa, kukwera ndi kiyi yanu ndipo muwona chilembo china (mwachitsanzo, F:) yomwe ndi galimoto yosungidwa yokonzeka kugwira ntchito.

Mabuku Obisika: Chitetezo Chotsutsana ndi Kukakamiza

Kulemba pendrive ndi VeraCrypt kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga a voliyumu yobisika mkati mwa buku lina. Izi ndizothandiza ngati wina akukukakamizani kuti muwulule mawu achinsinsi: mutha kupereka mawu achinsinsi a voliyumu yakunja, yomwe imakhala ndi "filler" data, pomwe voliyumu yamkati ndi mafayilo anu ovuta amakhalabe osawoneka.

Ndondomeko yachidule: choyamba mumapanga fayilo ya voliyumu yakunja (kubisa, hashi, kukula, mtundu, mawu achinsinsi). Kenako, mu wizard yomweyo, mumapanga fayilo ya voliyumu yobisika (ndi mawu ake achinsinsi, kubisa ndi kukula), zomwe zimatenga malo mkati mwa kunja.

Zofunika: chokani malire a dangaNgati mudzaza voliyumu yakunja kwambiri, mutha kulemba yamkati. VeraCrypt akuchenjeza, koma ndi bwino kukhala osamala.

Mutha kukwera imodzi kapena imzake polowetsa mawu achinsinsi ofanana. Ndi kiyi yakunja, voliyumu yakunja imakwezedwa; ndi kiyi yamkati, voliyumu yobisika imakwezedwa. Sizingatheke kuti woukira atsimikizire kuti buku lachiwirili lilipo.

Sungani Windows yonse ndi preboot

Kuphatikiza pa pendrives, VeraCrypt imasunga magawo kapena wathunthu dongosolo unitNdi njira yosavuta: pangani zosunga zobwezeretsera zonse poyamba.

1. Pitani ku "Pangani Volume"> "Lembetsani magawo onse / pagalimoto".
2. Sankhani mode Zachizolowezi (o Zobisika ngati mukufuna makina obisika) ndikusankha kubisa magawo a Windows okha kapena disk yonse.
3. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito multiboot, sankhani njira yoyenera; apo ayi, Kuyamba kosavuta.
4. Konzani encryption (AES akulimbikitsidwa), hashi (SHA-512 kapena SHA-256), ndi njira yanu yotsimikizira.
5. Pangani chimbale chopulumutsa kutsatira mfiti.
6. Zosankha: fotokozani mfundo kufufuta kotetezeka kwa owona zichotsedwa.
7. Yesani, tsimikizirani ndikuyambitsanso: dongosolo lidzafunsa fungulo musanayambe.

Mukayiwala mawu anu achinsinsi kapena awonongeka, disk yopulumutsa ikhoza kukupulumutsani. Pa, musanyalanyaze zosunga zobwezeretsera zanu.

Ndi liti pamene kuli koyenera kubisa?

Mukagawana zikalata pamtambo, kuphwanya chitetezo kungakusiyeni powonekera. Musanalowetse, encrypt ndi VeraCrypt ndipo mudzakhala ndi wosanjikiza wowonjezera motsutsana ndi mwayi wosaloleka.

Pamakompyuta omwe amagawana nawo, kaya kunyumba kapena kuntchito, simukhala ndi mphamvu zowonera zomwe amawonera. Sungani mapulojekiti anu ndi deta yanu pansi loko ndi kiyi ndi ma voliyumu obisika.

Potengera pulogalamu yaumbanda kapena zolowera (Trojans, ransomware, mwayi wosaloleka), kubisa kumawonjezera chitetezo: ngakhale atalowa, sangawerenge zomwe zili mkati opanda makiyi.

Ngati maakaunti anu ali pachiwopsezo ndipo wina akutenga mafayilo anu, khalani nawo kubisa kumachepetsa mphamvuUkhondo wa mawu achinsinsi komanso kasamalidwe kazinthu zachinsinsi ndizofunikira.

M'malo ogwirira ntchito, malamulo amafunikira kutetezedwa kwa chidziwitso chachinsinsi. LOPD ndi zina zimakhazikitsa encryption ndi zofunika kasamalidwe zofunika, makamaka pamene deta yapamwamba yaumwini, zinsinsi zamalonda kapena kupewa kuwononga ndalama zikukhudzidwa.

Ubwino ndi kuipa koyenera kuganizira

Kulembera pendrive ndi VeraCrypt ndi kwaulere. Njirayi ikuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms amphamvu, amitundu yambiri. Zimaphatikiza chitetezo ndi kuwonekera, ndipo mawonekedwe ake osunthika ndi abwino kwambiri pama drive a USB flash.

M'malo mwake, zimafunikira a maphunziro ochepa, ndipo encrypting/decrypting ndiyofunika kwambiri (koposa ngati CPU yanu ilibe AES-NI). Pamafayilo amodzi, mutha kupeza 7-Zip kukhala yosavuta.

Komanso, tiyenera kuganizira za kugwirizana Pakati pa machitidwe: Chidebe chimatsegula kumene VeraCrypt ilipo; chipangizo chobisika kwathunthu chidzawoneka chosawerengeka mpaka chitayikidwa ndi chida.

Choopsa chachikulu ndi taya mawu achinsinsi (kapena kiyi / fayilo ya PIM): popanda izo, zatha. Sungani zosunga zobwezeretsera ndi ndondomeko yayikulu yazidziwitso zanu.

Monga chidebe chilichonse, ngati chivunda chimakhudza zonse zomwe zili mkati mwake. Chepetsani zoopsa ndi makope, kutsekedwa koyenera ndi hardware yodalirika.

Ndi zonse zomwe tafotokozazi, muli ndi dongosolo labwino kwambiri loteteza ma drive anu a USB: sungani USB flash drive ndi VeraCrypt, kuchokera pachidebe chosavuta komanso chachangu chobisidwa mpaka kuchinsinsi chazida zonse, kuphatikiza ma voliyumu obisika, makiyi ophatikizika, ndi zosankha zapamwamba za Windows, macOS, Linux, ndi Ubuntu. Ngati muwonjezera machitidwe angapo abwino ndi njira yabwino yachinsinsi, VeraCrypt pendrive yanu idzakhala yotetezeka ku maso..