Kodi mungapange bwanji database mu MariaDB?

Momwe mungapangire database ku MariaDB?

Mdziko lapansi Pankhani ya kasamalidwe ka database, MariaDB yatchuka chifukwa cha magwiridwe ake, kudalirika, komanso kugwirizana ndi MySQL. Ngakhale zingawoneke zovuta kupanga nkhokwe ku MariaDB, kwenikweni ndi njira yosavuta yomwe ingakwaniritsidwe pang'ono chabe. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza mwatsatanetsatane momwe tingapangire deta ku MariaDB, kuyambira pa kukhazikitsa MariaDB kupanga ndi kukonza deta yatsopano pa seva.

Kukhazikitsa MariaDB

Pamaso pangani database Ku MariaDB, ndikofunikira kuti tiyike pulogalamuyo pamakina athu. The unsembe ndondomeko zingasiyane malinga ndi opareting'i sisitimu, koma nthawi zambiri, kumaphatikizapo kutsitsa phukusi lofananira loyika ndikutsatira njira zomwe MariaDB adapereka kuti akonze kukhazikitsa. Tikayika MariaDB, tidzakhala okonzeka kuyamba kupanga database yathu.

Kufikira ku seva ya MariaDB

MariaDB ikakhazikitsidwa, tifunika kupeza seva ya database kuti tipange ndikuwongolera nkhokwe zathu. Kuti tichite izi, titha kugwiritsa ntchito zida ngati mzere wa command wa MariaDB kapena mapulogalamu a chipani chachitatu monga Benchi Yogwirira Ntchito ya MySQL. Zida izi ⁤ zimatilola kuti tizilumikizana ndi seva malo osungiramo deta, funsani mafunso ⁤ndikusintha nkhokwe zathu.

Kupanga database yatsopano

Titapeza seva ya MariaDB, ndife okonzeka kupanga database yathu. Kuti tichite izi, tidzagwiritsa ntchito malamulo a SQL, omwe ndi chinenero cha mapulogalamu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira database. Kupyolera mu malamulowa, tikhoza kupanga matebulo, kutanthauzira zipilala, ndi kufotokoza zopinga za database yathu.

Nawonsomba⁢ Kukonzekera⁤

Pambuyo popanga nkhokwe, ndikofunikira kuchita zosintha zina kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe antchito ake ndi chitetezo. Pokonza zosunga zobwezeretsera zathu, titha kutsimikizira kuti mapulogalamu athu ndi makina omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito ali oyenera komanso otetezeka.

Tsopano popeza tadziwa mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungapangire nkhokwe ku MariaDB, titha kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito zabwino zonse zoperekedwa ndi chida champhamvu chowongolera ma database. Ndi database yopangidwa bwino komanso yokonzedwa bwino ku MariaDB, titha kusunga ndikupeza deta. bwino, ⁢kuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito ndi machitidwe athu azikhazikika komanso odalirika.

1. Mau oyamba a MariaDB: Njira ina ya MySQL yokhala ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu komanso magwiridwe antchito

MariaDB ndi njira yolimba kwambiri komanso yamphamvu ku MySQL. Pokhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana komanso magwiridwe antchito apadera, database iyi imapereka njira yodalirika kwa iwo omwe akufuna njira yabwino yoyendetsera deta. Ubwino umodzi wodziwika bwino wa MariaDB ndikugwirizana kwake ndi chilankhulo chokhazikika cha SQL, chomwe chimapangitsa kusamuka kuchokera kumasamba ena kukhala kosavuta. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi injini yosungirako yamphamvu monga InnoDB, yomwe imatsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa data komanso kusasinthika.

Kupanga nkhokwe ku MariaDB ndi njira yosavuta komanso yolunjika. Choyamba, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti muli ndi phukusi la MariaDB lomwe layikidwa pakompyuta yanu. Mukangoyika, mutha ⁢kutsegula mzere wamalamulo wa MariaDB ndikulowa ndi zidziwitso za woyang'anira Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo la "CREATE DATABASE" lotsatiridwa ndi dzina lomwe mukufuna la database yanu. Izi zipanga nkhokwe yatsopano yopanda kanthu yomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kusunga ndikuwongolera deta yanu.

Mukangopanga database yanu ku MariaDB, mutha kuyamba nayo. Ndikofunikira kuwunikira ⁢kuti MariaDB imapereka njira zingapo zosinthira ndikusintha makonda zomwe zimakulolani kuti musinthe nkhokwe kuti ⁤zosowa zanu zenizeni.⁤ Mutha kupanga matebulo, kutanthauzira maubale pakati pawo ndikukhazikitsa ziletso za kukhulupirika kuti mutsimikizire kusasinthika kwanu. deta. Kuphatikiza apo, MariaDB imaphatikizapo⁤ ntchito zingapo zapamwamba ndi malamulo omwe amakupatsani mwayi wofunsa mafunso ovuta⁤ ndikupeza zotsatira zolondola. Mwachidule, MariaDB ndi njira yamphamvu komanso yodalirika ya MySQL, yopereka zida zapamwamba komanso magwiridwe antchito apadera pakuwongolera database.

2. Kuyika⁢ MariaDB pa makina opangira omwe mumakonda

MaríaDB ndi njira yotsegulira yolumikizana ndi database yomwe yadziwika kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa. Ngati mukufuna ⁢kusangalala ndi ⁢zabwino zomwe MaríaDB imapereka, pansipa tikuwonetsani momwe mungayikitsire pa ⁢opareshoni yomwe mumakonda.

Kuyika pa Windows:

Kuti muyike MaríaDB pa Windows, muyenera kutsatira izi:
- Tsitsani okhazikitsa a MaríaDB a Windows kuchokera patsamba lovomerezeka.
- Thamangani okhazikitsa ndikusankha "kukhazikitsa kwathunthu".
- Tsatirani malangizo oyika ndikupereka zidziwitso zofunika, monga mawu achinsinsi a wogwiritsa ntchito mizu ya MariaDB.
- Kuyikako kukamaliza, mutha kulowa ku MaríaDB kudzera mumfulumizitsa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kasitomala wa database.

Kuyika pa Linux:

Kuyika kwa MaríaDB pa Linux kumatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kugawa⁢ komwe mukugwiritsa ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, mutha kukhazikitsa MaríaDB pogwiritsa ntchito phukusi la Linux yogawa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito Ubuntu, mutha kuyendetsa lamulo ili mu terminal:

sudo apt-get kukhazikitsa mariadb-server

Kukhazikitsa kukamaliza, mutha kuyambitsa ntchito ya MaríaDB poyendetsa lamulo ili:

sudo systemctl yambani mariadb

Kumbukirani kuti mudzafunikanso kukonza chitetezo cha MariaDB ndikuyika mawu achinsinsi kwa wogwiritsa ntchito mizu. Tsopano mwakonzeka kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito MaríaDB pamakina omwe mumakonda!

3. Kusintha koyambirira kwa MariaDB: Kukhazikitsa zosankha zachitetezo ndi zinsinsi

Kusintha koyamba kwa MariaDB: Kuti muyambe kugwiritsa ntchito MariaDB ndikupanga nkhokwe, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa njira zoyenera zachitetezo ndi zinsinsi. Kukonzekera koyambirira kwa MariaDB kumatilola kuteteza zambiri zathu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti anthu ovomerezeka okha ndi omwe ali ndi mwayi wopeza.

Kukhazikitsa zosankha zachitetezo: ⁢ Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyamba⁢ zomwe tiyenera kuchita ndikukhazikitsa mawu achinsinsi amphamvu ⁢ogwiritsa ntchito mizu. ⁤Izi zitha kuchitika ⁣kuyendetsa lamulo ili mu terminal: ⁤ mysql_secure_installation. Lamuloli lititsogolera kudzera munjira yolumikizirana momwe tingakhazikitsire mawu achinsinsi ndi njira zina zotetezera, monga kuletsa mwayi wolowera kutali ku seva.

Kukhazikitsa zosankha zachinsinsi: Kuphatikiza pa kukonza chitetezo, tiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti takhazikitsa zosankha zachinsinsi zoyenera. Mwachitsanzo, tikulimbikitsidwa kusintha dzina la database yosasinthika. Izi Zingatheke Kusintha fayilo yosinthira ya MariaDB ⁢(my.cnf) ndi kusintha mtengo wa kusintha datadir kumalo atsopano a database. Ndikofunikiranso kukhazikitsa malamulo ofikira ku database, kutanthauzira zilolezo za ogwiritsa ntchito ndikuchepetsa mwayi wofikira ngati pakufunika.

4. Mapangidwe a database: Kukonzekera ndi kupanga matebulo ogwira mtima

M'chigawo chino tikambirana ⁤mapangidwe a ⁤mapangidwe a database ⁢mu MariaDB, kuyang'ana ⁢kupanga ndi kupanga matebulo ogwira mtima. Kuti tiyambe, ndikofunikira kumveketsa bwino cholinga cha nkhokwe yathu komanso zofunikira zomwe ziyenera kukhudza. Izi zidzatithandiza kudziwa matebulo ndi maubwenzi omwe tingafunike kuti tikonzekere bwino mfundozo.

Titafotokozera magome ofunikira, ndikofunikira kuti tiganizire malangizo ena kuti tiwonetsetse kuti matebulo athu ndi abwino. Choyamba, ndi bwino kupanga matebulo m'njira yopewa kubwereza deta. Izi zikuphatikizapo kupewa kubwerezabwereza kwa zidziwitso m'matebulo angapo, chifukwa izi zingayambitse kusagwirizana ndikupangitsa kuti kusungitsa nkhokwe kukhala kovuta. Kugwiritsa ⁤koyenera kwa⁢ maubale ndi makiyi oyamba ndi⁢ akunja ⁤ zitithandiza kukwaniritsa izi,​ chifukwa zitilola kukhazikitsa kulumikizana pakati pa matebulo m'malo mobwereza zambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kupatsa mitundu yoyenera ya data pagawo lililonse lamatebulo athu. Izi zitilola kukulitsa kusungirako deta ndi kufunsa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati tikudziwa kuti gawo lina lidzakhala ndi manambala okha, ndi bwino kugawa mtundu wa data m'malo mwa mtundu wa data. Kusankha koyenera kwa mitundu ya data Zidzatithandizanso kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa deta ndikupewa zolakwika pamene tikuwongolera.

Mwachidule, kupanga mapangidwe a database ku MariaDB ndi gawo lofunikira popanga nkhokwe yabwino. ⁢Kukonzekera mosamala kwa matebulo ndi maubwenzi awo, pamodzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera makiyi oyambirira ndi akunja, kudzatithandiza kupewa kuchotsedwa kwa data ndikusunga kukhulupirika kwa chidziwitso Kuonjezerapo, perekani mitundu yoyenera ya deta ⁤ ku gawo lililonse zitithandiza⁢ kukhathamiritsa kusungidwa kwa data ⁤ndi funso. Potsatira mfundozi, tidzakhala panjira yopita ku database yabwino komanso yosavuta kusunga.

5. Tanthauzo la maubwenzi pakati pa matebulo ndi zolepheretsa: Kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa deta

Kutanthauzira maubwenzi pakati pa ma tebulo: Kuti muwonetsetse kukhulupirika kwa data mu database, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa ndikukhazikitsa ubale pakati pa matebulo. Mu MariaDB, maubale amatanthauzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makiyi oyambira ndi makiyi akunja Chinsinsi choyambirira ndi gawo lapadera lomwe limazindikiritsa mbiri iliyonse patebulo, pomwe kiyi yakunja ndi gawo la tebulo limodzi lomwe limafanana ndi kiyi yoyamba ya tebulo lina.

Zoletsa pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti deta ndi yolondola: Kuphatikiza pa kufotokozera maubwenzi pakati pa matebulo, ndikofunikanso kukhazikitsa zolepheretsa kuti zitsimikizire kukhulupirika kwa deta yosungidwa mu database. Mu MariaDB, zopinga zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wagawo kapena pamlingo wa tebulo Zitsanzo zina za zopinga wamba ndi NOT NULL constraint, yomwe imalepheretsa mtengo kukhala wopanda pake pamzati, ndi UNIQUE, yomwe imatsimikizira kuti palibe chobwereza. mtengo mugawo.

Kuonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwa data: Pokhazikitsa maubwenzi pakati pa matebulo ndi zolepheretsa, tikuwonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwa data mu database yathu Izi zimatithandizira kusunga kusasinthasintha ndi kulondola kwa zomwe zasungidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, pofotokozera maubale pakati pa matebulo, titha kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wamafunso ovuta komanso kukhathamiritsa kwa magwiridwe antchito Mwachidule, kumvetsetsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino maubale ndi zopinga mu database ya MariaDB ndikofunikira kuti titsimikizire kukhulupirika kwa data ndikupeza njira yodalirika komanso yothandiza. .

6.⁢ Kupanga mafunso apamwamba ndi zosefera mu MariaDB: Kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a mafunso anu

Padziko lazosungirako, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungapangire mafunso apamwamba ndi zosefera kuti mukwaniritse magwiridwe antchito anu mu MariaDB. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mupeze zotsatira zachangu komanso zolondola, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito anu. Pansipa, tifotokoza njira zina ndi njira zabwino zochitira izi.

1. Gwiritsani ntchito ma index oyenera: Ma index ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri chofulumizitsa mafunso mu MariaDB. Onetsetsani kuti mwapanga zolozera pazaza zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu KUTI kapena JOINNI ndime za mafunso anu. Komanso, ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito ma index amagulu ngati mukufuna kusefa pamagawo angapo. Izi zichepetsa kuchuluka kwa data yomwe injini ya database iyenera kuyang'ana, motero kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito anu.

2. Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito kosafunikira: Ngakhale MariaDB ili ndi ntchito zingapo zomangidwira, muyenera kusamala mukamagwiritsa ntchito mafunso anu. ⁣Zinthu ngati CONCAT, DATE_FORMAT kapena UPPER, mwa zina, zitha kukhala zothandiza nthawi zina, koma zitha kuchedwetsa mafunso anu ngati mutagwiritsidwa ntchito mosasankha. Yesetsani kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito kosayenera kwa ntchito ngati kuli kotheka ndipo m'malo mwake gwiritsani ntchito deta yaiwisi kuti mufananize ndi zosefera zofunika.

3. Konzani ⁤mafunso anu ndi⁢maJOIN oyenera: JOIN ndi gawo lofunikira pamafunso mu MariaDB, koma amatha kukhala olepheretsa ngati sagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera. njira yothandiza. Nthawi zonse yesani kulemba mafunso ndi ma JOIN omveka bwino m'malo molemba mosabisa JOIN, chifukwa izi zimalola chowonjezera cha MariaDB kupanga zisankho zanzeru za momwe angayankhire funsolo. Komanso, onetsetsani kuti muli ndi zolozera zoyenera pazaza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu JOIN kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa data yomwe ikuyenera kufananizidwa.

Ndi njira izi komanso machitidwe abwino, mudzatha kukhathamiritsa momwe mafunso anu amagwirira ntchito mu MariaDB ndikupeza zotsatira zachangu komanso zogwira mtima. ⁢Nthawi zonse kumbukirani kusanthula dongosolo lanu la mafunso ndikuchita mayeso kuti muzindikire madera omwe mungawongolere ndipo mutengere luso lanu lofunsa ndi kusefa kupita ku gawo lina mu MariaDB!

7.⁤ Kukhazikitsa njira zosungidwa ⁤ndi ntchito zongowonjezera zokha

Njira Zosungidwa: Chimodzi mwazinthu zamphamvu kwambiri za MariaDB ndikutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosungidwa. Awa ndi ⁤mabolodi a ma code omwe ⁣akhoza kusungidwa⁢ mu nkhokwe ndi kuchitidwa nthawi iliyonse. Izi zimapereka automation yayikulu, popeza zovuta zitha kuchitidwa ndi kuyimba kamodzi kunjira yosungidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kupanga ndondomeko yosungidwa kuti muwerengere malonda apakati pamwezi ndikupanga lipoti lokha.

Ntchito: Ntchito ndizofanana ndi njira zosungidwa, koma m'malo mokhala midadada ya code yomwe imagwira ntchito, ntchito zimabwezera mtengo. Izi ndizothandiza mukafuna kuwerengera kapena kusintha ma data ndikuyembekezera zotsatira zinazake. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kupanga ntchito yomwe imawerengera kuchotsera komwe kuyenera kuperekedwa ku chinthucho potengera mtengo ndi tebulo lochotsera.

Zokha zokha: Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosungidwa ndi ntchito mu nkhokwe ya MariaDB, ntchito zambiri zimatheka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ⁢kufunika kochitapo kanthu pamanja kwachepa, komwe ⁤kumachepetsa zolakwika za anthu ndikuwongolera ⁤njira. Kuphatikiza apo, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosungidwa ndi magwiridwe antchito, mutha kupanga mayendedwe abwino kwambiri chifukwa mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito ma code m'magawo osiyanasiyana a pulogalamu. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kukonza ndikusintha ⁤database pomwe dongosolo likusintha.

8. MariaDB Data Backup and Recovery: Kusunga Chidziwitso Chanu Chotetezedwa

Kuti mutsimikizire chitetezo cha chidziwitso chanu mu MariaDB, ndikofunikira kuchita zosunga zobwezeretsera pafupipafupi. Zosunga zobwezeretsera izi zimakupatsani mwayi kuteteza⁢ deta yanu ku zolephera zotheka dongosolo, zolakwa za anthu kapena masoka achilengedwe. Mwamwayi,⁢ MariaDB⁢ ali ndi zida ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimathandizira izi.

Njira imodzi yodziwika bwino yosungiramo zosunga zobwezeretsera mu MariaDB ndikugwiritsa ntchito "mysqldump". Chida ichi chimakulolani tumizani kopi ya zomwe zili munkhokwe yanu mufayilo ya SQL, zomwe ⁤ zitha kubwezeretsedwa ngati data itatayika. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kukonza ⁢ntchito zodziwikiratu kuti zosunga zobwezeretsera zizipangidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, ndikuwonetsetsa chitetezo nthawi zonse. za deta yanu.

Kuphatikiza pa zosunga zobwezeretsera, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi dongosolo lobwezeretsa deta pakachitika zinthu. MariaDB imapereka zosankha zingapo zobwezeretsa deta, monga kugwiritsa ntchito zipika zamabina ku kuchira ⁤zosintha ⁢zopangidwa pambuyo pa zosunga zobwezeretsera. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lobwezeretsa kuti mubwezeretse database dziko lapitalo ngati pali zolakwika zazikulu. Zinthu izi zimakupatsani mtendere wamumtima podziwa kuti, zikachitika, deta yanu idzatetezedwa ndipo mutha kuchira mosavuta.

9. Kuyang'anira magwiridwe antchito ndikusintha mu MariaDB: Kusintha kosalekeza kuti muwongolere nkhokwe yanu

El kuyang'anira ndikusintha magwiridwe antchito⁢ mu MariaDB Ndi njira yofunikira kuti mukhalebe ndi database yabwino komanso yokonzedwa bwino. Pamene nkhokwe yanu ikukula kukula ndi zovuta, ndikofunikira kuti mupitilize kukonza kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukuchita bwino.

Pali zida zingapo ⁤ndi ⁢njira zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kuyang'anira ndi kusintha ntchito pa database yanu mu MariaDB. Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyamba zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuwunika momwe ntchito yanu ikuyendera Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo ngati ⁢ SHOW STATUS y SHOW VARIABLES kuti mupeze zambiri za ⁤ momwe nkhokweyo ilili pano.

Mukapeza madera oti muwongolere, mutha kuyimba magwiridwe kuchokera ku database yanu. Izi zingaphatikizepo kukhathamiritsa mafunso pogwiritsa ntchito indexes, kusintha kasinthidwe ka seva, ndi kukonza zida za hardware ngati kuli kofunikira. Ndiwofunikanso yang'anirani momwe zinthu zikuyendera mutatha kusintha kuti muwonetsetse kuti zosinthazo zikugwira ntchito momwe zimayembekezeredwa.

10. Kusamalira ndi kukonzanso nkhokwe yanu ya MariaDB: Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mosalekeza komanso motetezeka.

Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito ⁢MariaDB⁣ monga kasamalidwe ka nkhokwe yanu, ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse kufunikira kokonzanso ndikusintha pafupipafupi. Izi zimatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kosalekeza ndi kotetezeka⁤ kwa database yanu. Nazi malingaliro ena kuti mugwire bwino ntchito izi:

Pangani zosunga zobwezeretsera pafupipafupi: Zosunga zobwezeretsera ndizofunikira pachitetezo ndi chitetezo cha data yanu. ⁤Konzani zosunga zobwezeretsera nthawi zonse za database yanu ndikuzisunga pamalo otetezeka Kuphatikiza apo, onetsetsani kuti mumayesa kuchira kuchokera pazosunga izi kuti muwonetsetse kuti deta yanu ingabwezeretsedwe bwino.

Ikani zosintha zamapulogalamu: Ndikofunikira kuti dongosolo lanu loyang'anira database lizikhala laposachedwa. Zosintha zili kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito, ⁢kukonza zolakwika ndi zigamba zachitetezo⁢ zomwe zimathandiza kuti database yanu ikhale yotetezedwa. Onetsetsani kuti mukudziwa zosintha zomwe zatulutsidwa⁢ ndikukonzekera kutumizidwa pafupipafupi kuti ⁤kupewa ⁢zovuta zofananira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mumagwiritsa ntchito zonse zatsopano zoperekedwa ndi MariaDB.

Konzani magwiridwe antchito a database yanu: Dongosolo logwira ntchito bwino ndilofunika kwambiri pakugwira bwino ntchito kwadongosolo lanu. Gwiritsani ntchito zida ndi zothandizira zoperekedwa ndi MariaDB kuti muwongolere magwiridwe antchito a nkhokwe yanu. Chitani kafukufuku ndi kuyang'anira pafupipafupi kuti muzindikire madera omwe angawongoleredwe bwino, monga kulondolera patebulo kapena kukhathamiritsa kwa mafunso. Kuphatikiza apo, onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira njira zabwino zopangira ma database kuti mupewe zovuta zomwe zimagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali.