Momwe mungachotsere Ubuntu
Ngati mwaganiza zochotsa Ubuntu pakompyuta yanu, mwina mukuyang'ana kalozera womveka bwino komanso wachidule kuti mumalize ntchitoyi mwachangu komanso moyenera. Chotsani a opareting'i sisitimu Zingawoneke ngati ntchito yovuta, makamaka ngati simukuidziwa bwino ndondomekoyi kapena mulibe luso lapadera. Komabe, ndi masitepe oyenera komanso chidwi pang'ono, mutha kuchotsa Ubuntu pamakina anu ndikubwezeretsanso makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito kale popanda vuto lililonse. M'nkhaniyi, tikukupatsani kalozera sitepe ndi sitepe kuti muchotse Ubuntu ndikubwerera ku kasinthidwe kwanu koyambirira.
Musanayambe: kupanga zosunga zobwezeretsera
Musanayambe ntchito yochotsa Ubuntu, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muchite a zosunga zobwezeretsera mwa zonse mafayilo anu ndi deta yofunika. Kuchotsa makina ogwiritsira ntchito kumakhala ndi chiopsezo cha kutayika kwa deta, choncho ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti muli ndi zosunga zobwezeretsera za mafayilo anu onse pamalo otetezeka, kaya pagalimoto yakunja kapena pamtambo chipangizo china yosungirako. Mwanjira iyi, ngati china chake sichikuyenda bwino pakuchotsa, mutha kubwezeretsanso zambiri zanu popanda mavuto.
Onani ngati muli ndi makina opangira akale
Musanayambe kuchotsa Ubuntu, ndikofunika kuti muwonetsetse kuti muli ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito omwe adayikidwa pa kompyuta yanu. Izi ndizofunikira, popeza kuchotsa Ubuntu kudzabwezeretsanso makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito ndipo mudzafuna kutsimikiza kuti muli ndi imodzi yoti mugwiritse ntchito popanda zovuta. Ngati mulibe makina ena ogwiritsira ntchito, muyenera kuganizira kukhazikitsa imodzi musanayambe kuchotsa Ubuntu.
Pang'onopang'ono uninstallation
Mukasunga zosunga zobwezeretsera zanu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti muli ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito am'mbuyomu, ndinu okonzeka kuyambitsa ntchito yochotsa. Nayi chitsogozo chatsatane-tsatane kuti muchotse Ubuntu:
1. Accede al menú de inicio: Yambitsaninso kompyuta yanu ndikupeza menyu yoyambira, pomwe mutha kusankha njira yoyambira pamakina anu am'mbuyomu.
2. Sankhani yapita opaleshoni dongosolo: Ngati muli ndi makina angapo ogwiritsira ntchito pa kompyuta yanu, sankhani yomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito. Izi zidzakutengerani kumalo ogwiritsira ntchito.
3. Pangani gawo la Ubuntu: Mukakhala mkati mwa opareshoni yam'mbuyomu, muyenera kupeza disk management application kapena Disk Manager kuti mupange partition yomwe Ubuntu adayikidwa. Onetsetsani kuti mwasankha gawo loyenera ndikulipanga.
4. Chotsani mtundu uliwonse wa Ubuntu: Ngati mukufuna kuchotsa mtundu uliwonse wa Ubuntu pakompyuta yanu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu kuyeretsa zoyambira ndi zolemba za dongosolo. Izi ziwonetsetsa kuti palibe mafayilo otsalira a Ubuntu kapena zosintha pamakina anu am'mbuyomu.
5. Yambitsaninso kompyuta yanu: Mukamaliza masitepe pamwambapa, yambitsaninso kompyuta yanu kuti zosintha zichitike. Onetsetsani kuti zonse zikuyenda bwino makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito pamwamba asanapitirize.
Potsatira ndondomeko izi mosamala, mudzatha uninstall Ubuntu kuchokera pakompyuta yanu ndikubwezeretsanso kachitidwe kanu kakale kopanda mavuto. Nthawi zonse kumbukirani kusunga mafayilo anu ofunikira ndi deta musanasinthe makina anu.
1. Njira zochotsera Ubuntu mosamala
Kwa uninstall Ubuntu Moyenera, ndikofunika kutsatira njira zina kuti mupewe mavuto kapena mikangano ndi machitidwe ena opangira pa chipangizo chomwecho. Pansipa, tikuwonetsa njira zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuchotsa Ubuntu motetezeka:
Gawo 1: Sungani mafayilo anu onse ofunikira
Musanasinthe makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito, onetsetsani kuti mwasunga mafayilo anu onse ofunikira ndi zikalata. Mukhoza kuwapulumutsa pa chipangizo chakunja kapena mumtambo kuti mupewe kutaya deta.
Gawo 2: Pezani woyang'anira boot system
Chotsatira ndikupeza woyang'anira jombo pa chipangizo chanu. Panthawi yoyatsa mphamvu, dinani batani loyenera kuti mulowetse menyu yoyambira. Izi zitha kusiyanasiyana kutengera wopanga chipangizo chanu, koma nthawi zambiri ndi kiyi ya "F2", "F12" kapena "Del".
Gawo 3: Chotsani magawo a Ubuntu
Mukakhala mu woyang'anira boot, yang'anani njira yomwe imakupatsani mwayi wowongolera magawo kuchokera pa hard drive. Apa muyenera kupeza magawo omwe Ubuntu adayikidwa. Sankhani ndikusankha njira yochotsa. Onetsetsani kuti mwasankha kugawa koyenera kuti musachotse mwangozi makina ena opangira.
Izi zikuthandizani kuchotsa Ubuntu mosamala komanso popanda zovuta. Kumbukirani kuti m'pofunika kusamala panthawi ya ndondomekoyi ndikutsatira malangizo omwe ali m'kalatayo. zabwino zonse!
2. Kuchita zosunga zobwezeretsera zonse musanatulutse
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kuzisamala nazo uninstall Ubuntu dongosolo lanu ndi kuchita kubwerera wathunthu owona anu onse ndi zoikamo. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mubwezeretse zonse zomwe muli nazo ngati china chake sichikuyenda bwino pochotsa. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida ngati rsync o rsnapshot, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukopera ndikusunga deta yanu yonse pamalo otetezeka.
Chinthu chinanso chofunika kwambiri chomwe muyenera kuganizira pakuchita izi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mwalemba mndandanda wa mapulogalamu ndi mapulogalamu omwe mudayika pa makina anu. Izi zikuthandizani kukumbukira zomwe muyenera kuyikanso mukachotsa Ubuntu. Mutha kuchita izi pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo ngati dpkg -get-kusankha kulembetsa mapaketi omwe adayikidwa, kapena apt list -yakhazikitsidwa kuti mupeze mndandanda wa mapulogalamu omwe adayikidwa kudzera pa apt.
Kuphatikiza pa kusungitsa mafayilo anu ndikukhala ndi mndandanda wa mapulogalamu anu, ndibwinonso kuwonetsetsa kuti muli ndi ma disks oyika kapena mafayilo a ISO omwe ali pamanja pamakina opangira omwe mukufuna kukhazikitsa mukangotulutsa Ubuntu. Mwanjira iyi, mutha kukhazikitsa mosavuta mukachotsa Ubuntu. Musaiwale kuyang'ana kugwirizana kwa makina opangira opaleshoni ndi hardware yanu musanapitirize ndi kuchotsa.
3. Chotsani Ubuntu pamodzi ndi makina ena ogwiritsira ntchito pa disk yomweyo
Zingawoneke ngati zovuta, koma ndizosavuta M'munsimu, ndikufotokozerani njira zoyenera kuchita ntchitoyi. Kumbukirani kusunga mafayilo anu onse ofunikira musanayambe, popeza kuchotsa Ubuntu kudzachotsanso zonse zomwe zasungidwa pagawo lake.
Choyamba, muyenera kupeza woyang'anira disk wa opareshoni yanu. Mu Windows, mwachitsanzo, mutha kutsegula "Disk Manager" ndikudina kumanja pazoyambira ndikusankha njira yofananira. Mukafika pano, zindikirani magawo omwe Ubuntu adayikidwa.
Mukazindikira gawo la Ubuntu, mutha kulichotsa ndikusinthira magawo ena ogwiritsira ntchito kuti mutenge malo onse omwe alipo. Kuti muchite izi, dinani kumanja pagawo la Ubuntu ndikusankha "Chotsani Volume". Kenako, dinani kumanja pagawo la makina ena ogwiritsira ntchito ndikusankha "Onjezani Volume".
4. Kuchotsa Ubuntu pa boot system yapawiri
Ngati mukufuna kuchotsa Ubuntu pa boot-boot system yanu, ndikofunikira kutsatira njira zingapo zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti zonse zachotsedwa bwino ndipo mutha kubweza malowo pakompyuta yanu. hard drive. Apa tikuwonetsani mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungachotsere Ubuntu bwino komanso osayambitsa zovuta pamakina anu ena.
Gawo 1: Bwezerani deta yanu
Musanayambe ntchito yochotsa, ndikofunikira kusunga zonse zofunika pa Ubuntu. Mutha kusunga mafayilo ku drive yakunja, monga USB flash drive kapena hard drive yakunja. Izi zidzaonetsetsa kuti musataye zambiri zamtengo wapatali panthawiyi.
Khwerero 2: Chotsani kugawa kwa Ubuntu
Kuti muchotse Ubuntu, muyenera kulowa pa Disk Manager ya makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito. Kuchokera pamenepo, mutha kufufuta gawo la Ubuntu Chonde dziwani kuti kuchotsa gawoli kumasula malo pa hard drive yanu kuti mugwiritse ntchito mtsogolo. Onetsetsani kuti mwasankha kugawa koyenera musanachotse kuti musachotse mwangozi deta ina yofunika.
Khwerero 3: Bwezerani bootloader
Mukachotsa gawo la Ubuntu, bootloader ikhoza kukhudzidwa. Kuti muyikhazikitsenso ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito akuyendetsa bwino, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chida chobwezeretsa boot, monga Boot Repair. Tsatirani malangizo operekedwa ndi chida ichi kuti mubwezeretse bootloader kuti ikhale yokhazikika.
Potsatira izi, mudzatha kuchotsa bwino Ubuntu ndikukhalanso ndi machitidwe a boot oyendetsa bwino. Kumbukirani kusamala mukamasintha makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito ndipo nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti mwasintha zosunga zobwezeretsera musanapitirize ndi zosintha zilizonse pamakina anu. Zabwino zonse!
5. Kuchotsa kwathunthu Ubuntu kuchokera pagalimoto yosungira
Kupitiliza ndi phunziro lathu la momwe mungachotsere Ubuntu, m'gawoli tikuwonetsani momwe mungachotsere Ubuntu kuchokera pa disk yosungirako. Ngakhale Ubuntu ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito, pakhoza kukhala zochitika zomwe muyenera kuzichotsa kwathunthu. Tsatirani zotsatirazi kuti muwonetsetse kuti palibe zotsalira za Ubuntu zomwe zatsala pagalimoto yanu.
Khwerero 1: Sungani data yanu
Musanapitirize ndi kuchotsa, ndikofunikira kuti mupange zosunga zobwezeretsera zanu zonse zofunika. Mungafune kusunga wanu mafayilo aumwini, zikalata, zithunzi ndi zina zambiri pazida zakunja kapena mumtambo. Mwanjira iyi, mudzakhala ndi mwayi wopeza deta yanu ngakhale mutachotsa Ubuntu.
Gawo 2: Pezani zoikamo za dongosolo
Kuti muchotse Ubuntu pagalimoto yanu, muyenera kupeza zoikamo. Pitani kukona yakumanja kumanja kwa chinsalu ndikudina chizindikiro cha zoikamo. Sankhani "Zikhazikiko Zadongosolo" pamenyu yotsitsa. Mukafika, yang'anani njira ya "Disk Management" ndikudina Dinani kuti tsegulani Disk Utility.
Gawo 3: Sinthani litayamba
Mukakhala mu Disk Utility, sankhani disk yomwe ili ndi machitidwe a Ubuntu omwe mukufuna kuchotsa. Onetsetsani kuti mwasankha diski yolondola, popeza kuchita izi kudzachotsa zonse pa izo. Dinani "Format" njira ndi kusankha wapamwamba dongosolo mtundu mukufuna kugwiritsa litayamba. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kusankha "NTFS" ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito litayamba mu Windows. Kenako, dinani "Format" kuti muyambe ntchitoyi. Chonde dziwani kuti kupanga foda yoyendetsa kumachotsa zonse zomwe zili pamenepo, chifukwa chake onetsetsani kuti mwaisungira musanapitirize.
6. Kubwezeretsanso malo a disk mutachotsa Ubuntu
Pali nthawi zina zomwe zingakhale zofunikira kuchotsa Ubuntu ku dongosolo lathu. Mwamwayi, ndondomekoyi ndi yophweka ndipo sichiphatikiza zovuta zazikulu. Kuchotsa kukamalizidwa, ndizotheka kuti mafayilo ena ndi magawo ena azikhalabe akutenga malo pa hard drive yathu. Kenako, tikuwonetsani momwe mungabwezeretsere malowo kuti muwongolere magwiridwe antchito a makina anu.
Gawo 1: Onani magawo otsalira ndi mafayilo
Chinthu choyamba chomwe tiyenera kuchita ndikuwonetsetsa kuti magawo onse okhudzana ndi Ubuntu achotsedwa molondola. Kuti tichite izi, titha kugwiritsa ntchito chida chowongolera disk mu Windows kapena pulogalamu ina iliyonse yofananira pamakina ena opangira. Ndikofunikira kusamala kwambiri pochita magawo, chifukwa cholakwika chilichonse chingapangitse kutayika kosasinthika kwa data.
Gawo 2: Chotsani mafayilo osakhalitsa ndi ma cache
Tikaonetsetsa kuti magawowo achotsedwa, titha kuyeretsa mafayilo osakhalitsa ndi ma cache omwe Ubuntu wasiya pa hard drive yathu. Kuti tichite izi, titha kugwiritsa ntchito chida china monga CCleaner mu Windows kapena kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo mu terminal pamakina ena opangira Linux.
Khwerero 3: Konzani hard drive
Pomaliza, kuti mubwezeretse malo a disk mutachotsa Ubuntu, ndikofunikira kupanga defragmentation kapena jambulani disk pamagawo oyipa. Izi zidzatilola kupititsa patsogolo machitidwe athu onse ndikuwonetsetsa kuti palibe mtundu wa Ubuntu womwe umakhalabe pa hard drive yathu. Titha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zophatikizidwira pamakina ogwiritsira ntchito monga Disk Defragmenter mu Windows kapena lamulo fsck mu machitidwe a Linux.
Potsatira njira zosavuta izi, mutha kupezanso malo a disk mutachotsa Ubuntu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti palibe chotsalira cha makina ogwiritsira ntchitowa kukhala pa kompyuta yanu. Kumbukirani kuti nthawi zonse muzisunga zosunga zobwezeretsera zanu musanachite mtundu uliwonse wachinyengo pa hard drive yanu. Tikukhulupirira kuti bukhuli lakhala lothandiza kwa inu!
7. Kukonza zovuta zofala pakuchotsa Ubuntu
Kuti muchotse Ubuntu kudongosolo lanu, pakhoza kukhala nthawi zomwe mumakumana ndi mavuto omwe wamba. Mwamwayi, nazi njira zina zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zopinga izi:
1. Kulephera kulowa menyu yoyambira: Ngati simungathe kulowa pa Ubuntu boot menyu kuti muchotse, mutha kuyesa kukanikiza "Esc" kapena "F2" kiyi poyambitsanso kompyuta yanu. Izi ziyenera kukutengerani ku menyu yoyambira, pomwe mutha kusankha "Chotsani Ubuntu". Ngati izi sizikugwira ntchito, mutha kuyesanso kuyambiranso ndikuchotsa pamenepo.
2. Zolakwika pochotsa magawo: Ngati mukukumana ndi vuto mukuchotsa magawo a Ubuntu pakuchotsa, mutha kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito chida chowongolera magawo ena ngati GPart. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wochotsa magawo osafunikira ndikubwezeretsanso malo pa hard drive yanu. Kumbukirani kupanga zosunga zobwezeretsera za data yanu yofunika musanasinthe magawo.
3. Mafayilo oyambira osalekeza: Nthawi zina mutachotsa Ubuntu, mutha kukumana ndi mafayilo oyambira omwe sanachotsedwe. Kuti mukonze vutoli, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chida cha boot ngati EasyBCD (ya Windows) kapena Boot Repair Disk (ya Linux). Zida izi zimakupatsani mwayi kuchotsa mtundu uliwonse wa Ubuntu mu bootloader, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makina anu ayamba bwino.
8. Zida zowonjezera zochotsera Ubuntu bwino
Chotsani Ubuntu Zingawoneke ngati ntchito yovuta, makamaka ngati simukudziŵa bwino njira zoyenera. Komabe, zilipo zida zina zomwe zingakuthandizeni kugwira ntchitoyi moyenera komanso popanda zovuta. Pansipa, tikuwonetsa zina zomwe mungasankhe kuti muchotse Ubuntu bwino.
1. GParted: Ichi ndi chida champhamvu kasamalidwe ka magawo zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosintha mawonekedwe a hard drive yanu. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Chotsani gawolo momwe Ubuntu imayikidwa ndipo motero kuchotsa kwathunthu opaleshoni. Komabe, kumbukirani kuti GParted ndi chida chapamwamba ndipo muyenera kusamala mukachigwiritsa ntchito.
2. Disiki Yokonzera Boot: Ngati mukuvutika kuchotsa Ubuntu kapena mukungofuna kuonetsetsa kuti zonse zachotsedwa bwino, fayilo ya Boot kukonza Disk ikhoza kukhala njira yabwino. Boot disk ili ndi zida zingapo zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wokonza ndikuchotsa makina ogwiritsira ntchito, kuphatikiza Ubuntu. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kubwezeretsa MBR (Master Boot Record) ndikuchotsani mtundu uliwonse wa Ubuntu padongosolo lanu.
9. Malangizo oti mukhalebe ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito okhazikika mutachotsa Ubuntu
:
1. Pangani dongosolo lozama kwambiri:
- Chotsani zotsalira zonse za Ubuntu: Pambuyo pochotsa Ubuntu, ndikofunikira kuchotsa mafayilo kapena zikwatu zilizonse zokhudzana ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chotsuka mafayilo kapena kusaka pamanja malo omwe Ubuntu amayikidwa.
- Sinthani madalaivala anu: Ubuntu ikachotsedwa, ndikofunikira kusintha madalaivala anu a hardware. Izi zidzaonetsetsa kuti dongosolo lanu lokhazikika limagwira ntchito bwino ndi zipangizo zolumikizidwa.
- Kuyeretsa registry: Kuti dongosolo likhale lokhazikika, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa Kaundula wa Windows. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodalirika zoyeretsera kaundula kuti muchotse zolemba zakale kapena zolakwika zomwe zitha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito.
2. Konzani machitidwe adongosolo:
- Letsani mapulogalamu osafunikira poyambitsa: Kuti mupewe katundu wosafunika mukamayamba makina anu okhazikika, ndikofunikira kuti muyimitse mapulogalamu omwe simuyenera kuyendetsa okha. Mungathe kuchita izi kudzera muzosintha za Windows Startup kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu ena.
- Pangani defragmentation ya hard drive: Kusokoneza hard drive yanu kumathandizira kukonzanso mafayilo ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito. Kukhathamiritsa kumeneku kumakhala kothandiza makamaka mukachotsa makina ena opangira, monga Ubuntu.
- Chotsani mafayilo osakhalitsa komanso osafunikira: Ndikoyenera kuti muzichotsa nthawi zonse mafayilo osakhalitsa ndi zinyalala zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa mumayendedwe anu, chifukwa izi zitha kukhudza kukhazikika kwake ndi magwiridwe ake. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zotsuka disk kuti mugwire ntchitoyi.
3. Sungani makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito okhazikika:
- Ikani zosintha za Windows: Kuti mukhale otetezeka komanso okhazikika pamakina anu okhazikika, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa zosintha za Windows pafupipafupi. Zosinthazi zikuphatikiza kukonza zachitetezo ndi kukonza zolakwika zomwe zingapewe mavuto amtsogolo.
- Gwiritsani ntchito pulogalamu yodalirika ya antivayirasi: Tetezani dongosolo lanu lokhazikika kuzinthu zomwe zingawopseze chitetezo pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yodalirika ya antivayirasi ndikuisunga kuti ikhale yosinthidwa.
- Pangani zosunga zobwezeretsera pafupipafupi: Pangani zosunga zobwezeretsera pafupipafupi za mafayilo anu ofunikira ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito okhazikika. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mubwezeretse dongosolo lanu mwachangu pakagwa zolakwika kapena zolephera zosayembekezereka.
10. Njira zina zomwe muyenera kuziganizira mutachotsa Ubuntu
:
Kuchotsa Ubuntu kungakhale chisankho chovuta, koma ngati mwaganiza zopita njirayo, pali njira zingapo zomwe muyenera kuziganizira. Zosankha izi zitha kukupatsani zatsopano ndi magwiridwe antchito kuti mukwaniritse zosowa zanu. Nazi zosankha zotchuka:
1. Mawindo 10:
Ngati mukuyang'ana kubwerera ku makina ogwiritsira ntchito omwe amadziwika bwino komanso ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ganizirani kukhazikitsa Mawindo 10. Makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Microsoftwa ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, ndi mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana omwe alipo Ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri, mukutsimikiza kuti mupeza chithandizo chokhazikika komanso zosintha kuti kompyuta yanu ikhale yotetezeka.
2. macOS:
Ngati ndinu wogwiritsa ntchito zida za Apple kapena mukungoyang'ana zowoneka bwino komanso zopangidwa, macOS ikhoza kukhala njira ina yabwino mutachotsa Ubuntu. Ndi mawonekedwe ake mwachilengedwe komanso kuphatikiza kopanda msoko ndi zipangizo zina ndi ntchito za Apple, macOS imapereka malo ogwirira ntchito komanso magwiridwe antchito odalirika. Kuphatikiza apo, mungasangalale ndi mapulogalamu apadera monga iMovie, GarageBand, ndi iWork productivity suite.
3. Linux Mint:
Ngati mukufunabe kugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira a Linux, koma mukuyang'ana njira ina yosiyana ndi Ubuntu, tikupangira kuyesa Linux Mint. Kutengera Ubuntu, Linux Mint imapereka ogwiritsa ntchito ochezeka komanso odziwika bwino, okhala ndi Cinnamon kapena MATE desktop. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi gulu lalikulu lothandizira komanso mapulogalamu ambiri ndi mapulogalamu omwe amapezeka m'malo ake. Linux Mint imayang'ananso kukhazikika ndi chitetezo, ndikupangitsa kukhala chisankho cholimba kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri.
Ndine Sebastián Vidal, mainjiniya apakompyuta omwe amakonda ukadaulo komanso DIY. Komanso, ine ndine mlengi wa tecnobits.com, komwe ndimagawana nawo maphunziro kuti ukadaulo ukhale wofikirika komanso womveka kwa aliyense.