Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito Windows Defender Firewall molondola

Zikafika pachitetezo cha Windows, firewall ndi amodzi mwa ngwazi zomwe simumaziwona, koma zimagwira ntchito mosatopa. Ndi Windows Firewall Windows Defender Yogwira, makina anu amasefa maulalo ndikuletsa kulowa mosaloledwa, ndipo amathandizidwa ndi zidziwitso za kulowerera kwa perimeter popanda kuvutitsa kwambiri. Lingaliro ndi losavuta: lolani zomwe mukufuna ndikuletsa zomwe zikukayikitsa.kuchepetsa malo omwe amakumana ndi ziwonetsero mukamasakatula, kugwira ntchito, kapena kusewera.

Kupitilira dzina, firewall iyi ndi gawo lofunikira la dongosolo, lophatikizidwa ngati lokhazikika komanso lokonzeka kugwira ntchito kuyambira pa boot yoyamba. Zimaphatikizana ndi pulogalamu ya Windows SecurityImakulolani kusankha maukonde odalirika ndipo, ngati pangafunike, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo okhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito, adilesi ya IP, doko, kapena protocol. Simufunikanso kukhala woyang'anira dongosolo kuti mugwiritse ntchito zofunikira, koma ngati mukufuna kufufuza mozama, palinso zida zapamwamba.

Kodi Windows Defender Firewall ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani ili yofunika?

Chigawochi chimagwira ntchito ngati fyuluta pakati pa kompyuta yanu ndi netiweki yonse. Windows Defender Firewall amasanthula magalimoto omwe amalowa ndikutuluka Imasankha zomwe zingalole kapena kuletsa malinga ndi ndondomeko ndi malamulo. Itha kusefa ndi magwero kapena adilesi ya IP, nambala ya doko, protocol, kapena pulogalamu yomwe ikuyesera kulumikizana. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi woletsa kulumikizana ndi mapulogalamu ndi ntchito zomwe mukufuna.

Ndi firewall yochokera ku khamu, imabwera yophatikizidwa ndi Windows ndi Imayatsidwa mwachisawawa m'mitundu yonse yothandizidwaKukhalapo kwake kumawonjezera njira yodzitchinjiriza mozama, kumapereka chiwopsezo chowonjezereka motsutsana ndi ziwopsezo zapaintaneti ndikuwongolera kuyendetsa bwino m'nyumba ndi makampani.

Mbiri ndi mitundu ya netiweki: domain, yachinsinsi, komanso yapagulu

Ma firewall amasintha malinga ndi netiweki kuti agwiritse ntchito mfundo zokhwima kwambiri kapena zochepa. Windows amagwiritsa ntchito mbiri: domain, yachinsinsi komanso yapagulu, ndipo mutha kugawira malamulo pa mbiri iliyonse kuti muwongolere machitidwe kutengera komwe mumalumikizana.

Network yachinsinsi komanso network yapagulu

Mumanetiweki achinsinsi, monga netiweki yanu yakunyumba, nthawi zambiri mumafuna kuwoneka pakati pa zida zodalirika. PC yanu imatha kuwoneka kuti mugawane mafayilo kapena chosindikizira Ndipo malamulowo nthawi zambiri amakhala osaletsa. Mosiyana ndi izi, pa intaneti ya anthu, monga Wi-Fi ya khofi, nzeru ndizofunikira kwambiri: zipangizo siziyenera kuwoneka, ndipo kulamulira kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuti tipewe mavuto ndi zipangizo zosadziwika.

Mukalumikizana ndi netiweki koyamba, Windows imakufunsani ngati ili yachinsinsi kapena yapagulu. Ngati mwalakwitsa posankha, mutha kusintha kuchokera ku Network and Sharing Center., kulowa cholumikizira kuti musinthe mtundu wa netiweki ndipo, ndikuwonjezera, mawonekedwe a firewall.

Domain network

M'mabizinesi omwe ali ndi Active Directory, ngati kompyuta ilumikizidwa ku domain ndikuzindikira wowongolera, mbiri yake imayikidwa yokha. Mbiriyi sinakhazikitsidwe pamanja.Imayatsidwa pomwe maziko akhazikitsa, kugwirizanitsa mfundo zama network ndi malangizo amakampani.

Sinthani ma firewall kuchokera pa Windows Security app

Kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, njira yosavuta ndikutsegula Windows Security ndikupita ku Firewall ndi Network Protection. Pamenepo muwona momwe mbiri iliyonse ilili pang'onopang'ono. Ndipo mutha yambitsa kapena kuyimitsa chitetezo chamtundu, zachinsinsi, kapena pagulu, m'modzim'modzi.

Mu mbiri iliyonse, njira ya Microsoft Defender Firewall imakulolani kuti musinthe pakati pa Othandizira ndi Olemala. Kuyimitsa si lingaliro labwino kupatula muzochitika zinazake.Ngati pulogalamu ikakamira, ndikwanzeru kuiloleza m'njira yoyendetsedwa bwino kuposa kutsitsa chitetezo chadongosolo lonse.

Kutsekereza kwathunthu kwa malumikizidwe obwera

Pali njira ina yowonjezeretsera chitetezo: kuletsa maulumikizidwe onse omwe akubwera, ngakhale omwe ali pamndandanda wamapulogalamu ololedwa. Akayatsidwa, kuchotserako kumanyalanyazidwa. ndipo imatseka chitseko ku zoyesayesa zilizonse zosapemphedwa. Ndiwothandiza pamanetiweki omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kapena pakachitika zochitika, ngakhale zitha kusokoneza mautumiki omwe amafunikira kulowetsedwa kwa netiweki yakomweko.

Zosankha zina zofunika kuchokera pazenera lomwelo

• Lolani pulogalamu kudzera pa firewallNgati china chake sichikulumikizidwa, onjezerani chopatulapo chomwe chingathe kuchitidwa kapena tsegulani doko lofananira. Musanachite izi, yang'anani kuopsa kwake ndikuchepetsani zomwe zili pa intaneti.
• Network ndi Internet troubleshooter: chida chodziwikiratu komanso, mwachiyembekezo, kukonza zolakwika zamalumikizidwe.
• Makonda azidziwitsoSinthani kuchuluka kwa zidziwitso zomwe mukufuna kulandira chozimitsa moto chikatchinga ntchito. Zothandiza kugwirizanitsa chitetezo ndi phokoso.
• Makonda apamwambaIzi zimatsegula gawo lachikale la Windows Defender Firewall ndi chitetezo chapamwamba. Zimakupatsani mwayi wopanga malamulo olowera ndi otuluka, malamulo otetezedwa olumikizana (IPsec), ndikuwunikanso zipika zowunikira. Kugwiritsa ntchito mosasankha kumatha kusokoneza mautumiki, choncho pitirizani kusamala.
• Bwezeretsani ZochitaNgati chinachake kapena wina wasintha malamulo ndipo palibe chomwe chikugwira ntchito monga momwe chiyenera kukhalira, mukhoza kubwereranso kumapangidwe a fakitale. Pa makompyuta oyendetsedwa, ndondomeko za bungwe zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito malamulowo akasinthidwa.

Khalidwe losasinthika ndi mfundo zazikuluzikulu

Kwenikweni, firewall imagwira ntchito ndi malingaliro okhazikika kuchokera kunja mu: Letsani magalimoto onse osafunsidwa pokhapokha ngati pali lamulo izo zimalola izo. Kwa magalimoto otuluka njirayo ndi yosiyana: imaloledwa pokhapokha ngati lamulo likukana.

Kodi lamulo la firewall ndi chiyani?

Malamulo amatsimikizira ngati mtundu wa magalimoto umaloledwa kapena wotsekedwa, komanso pansi pazifukwa ziti. Iwo akhoza kufotokozedwa ndi mfundo zingapo. kuphatikiza kuzindikira ndendende zomwe mukufuna kuwongolera.

• Ntchito kapena ntchito: imalumikiza lamulolo ku pulogalamu kapena ntchito inayake.
• Magwero ndi ma adilesi a IP: imathandizira masanjidwe ndi masks; komanso zosinthika monga chipata chosasinthika, ma seva a DHCP ndi DNS kapena ma subnets am'deralo.
• Protocol ndi madokoKwa TCP kapena UDP, tchulani madoko kapena magawo; pama protocol achikhalidwe, mutha kutchula nambala ya IP kuyambira 0 mpaka 255.
• Mtundu wa mawonekedwe: chingwe, Wi-Fi, tunnels, ndi zina zotero, ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo okha pa malumikizidwe ena.
• ICMP ndi ICMPv6: zosefera ndi mitundu yeniyeni ndi ma code a mauthenga owongolera.

Kuphatikiza apo, lamulo lililonse litha kungokhala pa mbiri imodzi kapena zingapo zapaintaneti. Chifukwa chake, pulogalamu imatha kulumikizana pamanetiweki achinsinsi koma kukhala chete pamaneti wapagulu., kuonjezera chitetezo pamene chilengedwe chikufuna.

Ubwino wothandiza kunyumba ndi kuntchito

• Amachepetsa chiopsezo cha ma network pochepetsa kuwonekera ndikuwonjezera chotchinga china panjira yanu yodzitetezera.
• Imateteza zinsinsi kudzera muzotsimikizika komanso, ngati kuli kofunikira, kulumikizana kwachinsinsi mpaka kumapeto ndi IPsec, ndipo mutha kuphunzira Tetezani Windows PC yanu.
• Gwiritsani ntchito bwino zomwe muli nazo kaleNdi gawo la Windows, silifuna zida zowonjezera kapena mapulogalamu, ndipo limalumikizana ndi mayankho a chipani chachitatu kudzera mu ma API olembedwa.

Yambitsani, tsegulani, ndikukhazikitsanso mosamala

Kuti muyambitse firewall mkati Windows 10 kapena 11, pitani ku Windows Security, tsegulani Firewall ndi Network Protection, sankhani mbiriyo ndikuyiyika Yoyaka. Ngati mumagwira ntchito pa intaneti yamakampani, pangakhale ndondomeko zomwe zimachepetsa kusintha.Chifukwa chake kumbukirani izi ngati sizingakulole kusintha mawonekedwe.

Ngati mukufuna kuyimitsa pazifukwa zinazake, mutha kutero kuchokera pazenera lomwelo posintha kukhala Olemala, kapena kuchokera pa Control Panel pansi pa System and Security, Windows Defender Firewall, ndi Yatsani kapena kuzimitsa njira. Sizovomerezeka ndipo ziyenera kuchitika kwakanthawi.chifukwa zimakusiyani poyera.

Kuti mukonzenso zosintha, pitani ku Control Panel, lowetsani Windows Defender Firewall, ndikusankha Bwezerani zosintha. Ndi njira yofulumira yoyeretsa malamulo achilendo ndi kubwerera ku dziko lodziwika pamene kugwirizana kumachita modabwitsa.

Lolani kugwiritsa ntchito kudzera pa firewall

Ngati pulogalamu yovomerezeka, monga Chrome Remote Desktop, ikalephera kulumikiza, palibe chifukwa chotsitsa chozimitsa moto. Gwiritsani ntchito Lolani pulogalamu kapena zina Kuti musankhe pulogalamuyo ndikuwonetsa kuti ndi ma netiweki ati omwe angalankhule nawo (zachinsinsi komanso/kapena pagulu), dinani Sinthani zoikamo ngati kuli kofunikira kuti muthe kusintha ndikusunga zosinthazo.

M'mabaibulo oyambirira a Windows monga 8.1, 8, 7, Vista kapena XP, ndondomekoyi ndi yofanana ndi Control Panel. Yang'anani gawo la firewall, ndikupita kuti mulole pulogalamu kudzera pa firewallChongani m'bokosi la ntchito muzambiri zoyenera ndikutsimikizira. Ngakhale mawonekedwe angasinthe pang'ono, lingaliro limakhalabe lofanana.

Malamulo achikhalidwe ndi ma console apamwamba

Kuti mudziwe zambiri, tsegulani gawo la Windows Defender Firewall ndi chitetezo chapamwamba. Mutha kuzipeza kuchokera pa menyu Yoyambira kapena kuchokera pagawo lazokonda za Windows Security. Pamenepo muwona Malamulo Olowera ndi Malamulo Otuluka kupanga, kusintha, kapena kuletsa ndondomeko zatsatanetsatane.

Kuti mupange lamulo latsopano, wizard idzakutsogolerani: sankhani ngati ili pulogalamu, doko, kapena mwambo; kufotokozera doko kapena kutheka ngati kuli koyenera; sankhani zochita (lolani, lolani ngati zili zotetezeka, kapena kutsekereza); chepetsani ku mbiri yomwe mukufuna pa intaneti; ndipo perekani dzina lofotokozera. Kuchulukaku kumalola, mwachitsanzo, kulola doko lokhalo lofunidwa ndi pulogalamu pamanetiweki achinsinsi, koma lekani kuyesa kulikonse pamanetiweki apagulu.

Mutha kukhazikitsanso malamulo potengera ma adilesi a IP. Ngati mukuyang'ana kuti muchepetse mwayi wopita kumalo enaTanthauzirani magawo kapena ma adilesi, pokumbukira kuti kusefa kumachitika ndi IP kapena doko, osati ndi dzina lachimbale.

Makhalidwe abwino ndi zomwe simuyenera kuchita

Malingaliro onse a Microsoft ndi omveka: osayimitsa firewall pokhapokha mutakhala ndi chifukwa chomveka. Mutha kutaya zabwino monga malamulo a IPsec, chitetezo ku zotsatira za kuukira kwa netiweki, chitetezo cha ntchito, ndi zosefera zoyambira koyambirira.

Samalani kwambiri pa izi: musayimitse ntchito ya firewall kuchokera ku console ya services. Ntchitoyi imatchedwa MpsSvc ndipo dzina lake lowonetsera ndi Windows Defender Firewall.Microsoft sagwirizana ndi mchitidwewu ndipo ukhoza kuyambitsa mavuto aakulu monga kulephera kwa menyu Yoyambira, zolakwika kukhazikitsa kapena kukonzanso mapulogalamu amakono, kulephera kwa Windows kutsegula pafoni, kapena kusagwirizana ndi mapulogalamu omwe amadalira firewall.

Ngati mukufuna kuyimitsa pazifukwa za mfundo kapena kuyesa, chitani izi posintha mbiri kuchokera pa mawonekedwe kapena kudzera pamzere wolamula popanda kuyimitsa ntchitoyo. Siyani injini ikugwira ntchito ndikuyang'anira kuchuluka kwake kuti mupewe zotsatira zoyipa komanso kuti muthe kusintha mwachangu.

Malayisensi ogwirizana ndi zosintha

Windows Defender firewall imapezeka m'mitundu yayikulu yadongosolo. Windows Pro, Enterprise, Pro Education kapena SE ndi Education zikuphatikizaChifukwa chake, simuyenera kugula china chilichonse kuti mugwiritse ntchito. Pankhani ya ufulu wachiphatso, mitundu yotsatirayi ikuphimbidwa: Windows Pro ndi Pro Education (SE), Windows Enterprise E3 ndi E5, ndi Windows Education A3 ndi A5.

Njira zazifupi ndi kutenga nawo mbali

Ngati mukufuna kupereka malingaliro kapena kufotokoza zovuta za gawoli, tsegulani Feedback Hub ndi kuphatikiza kwa WIN + F ndikugwiritsa ntchito gulu loyenera pansi pa chitetezo ndi chinsinsi, chitetezo chamaneti. Ndemanga zimathandizira kukonza zoyambira patsogolo Tidzakonzanso zomwe zikuchitika m'matembenuzidwe amtsogolo.

Windows Defender Firewall ndiyoposa kungoyatsa / kuzimitsa; ndi njira yosinthika yomwe imagwirizana ndi mtundu wa intaneti, imathandizira malamulo pogwiritsa ntchito, IP ndi protocol, ndipo imadalira IPsec kuti itsimikizidwe ndi kubisa pakufunika. Ndi zosankha zololeza kugwiritsa ntchito, gawo lotsogola la malamulo osintha bwino, kukonzanso mwachangu, komanso kuthekera kolimbikitsa mbiri za anthu.Mutha kukhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu popanda kusiya ntchito. Kuyigwiritsa ntchito, kupewa kusokonezedwa ndi ntchito, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyenera pulogalamu ikayimitsidwa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yochepetsera chitetezo ndi kusavuta muzochitika zilizonse.

Nkhani yowonjezera:

Momwe mungatetezere Windows PC yanu kwa akazitape apamwamba ngati APT35 ndi zowopseza zina

Daniel Terrasa

Mkonzi wokhazikika pazaukadaulo komanso nkhani zapaintaneti yemwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira khumi pazama media osiyanasiyana. Ndagwira ntchito ngati mkonzi komanso wopanga zinthu pa e-commerce, kulumikizana, kutsatsa pa intaneti ndi makampani otsatsa. Ndalembanso pamawebusayiti azachuma, azachuma ndi magawo ena. Ntchito yanga ndi chidwi changanso. Tsopano, kudzera mu zolemba zanga mu Tecnobits, Ndimayesetsa kufufuza nkhani zonse ndi mwayi watsopano umene dziko laukadaulo limatipatsa tsiku lililonse kuti tisinthe miyoyo yathu.