Momwe Mungagwiritsire Ntchito PC Yanu Monga Malo AI Apafupi: Kalozera Wothandiza komanso Wofananiza

¿Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito PC yanu ngati AI hub yakomweko? Artificial intelligence salinso malo okhawo amakampani akuluakulu kapena akatswiri amtambo. Ogwiritsa ntchito ochulukirachulukira akuyang'ana kuti agwiritse ntchito mayankho a AI mwachindunji kuchokera pamakompyuta awo kuti azigwira ntchito kuyambira pakulemba zolemba mpaka kupanga makina opangira kapena ukadaulo, onse okhala ndi zinsinsi zambiri komanso osadalira ma seva akunja. Sinthani PC yanu kukhala kanyumba ka AI komweko Ndizowona zotsika mtengo ndipo zimatha kufikidwa ndi aliyense wokonda, katswiri kapena wophunzira, ngakhale zida zanu sizikhala zapamwamba.

Munkhaniyi, mupeza momwe mungasinthire kompyuta yanu kukhala maziko a AI ecosystem yanu. Tiwona njira zina zamapulogalamu zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kwambiri, malingaliro ofunikira okhudzana ndi ma hardware, zitsanzo, ndi mawonekedwe, komanso ubwino wogwira ntchito ndi AI yakomweko potsata zachinsinsi komanso makonda. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikutsogolerani posankha, kukhazikitsa, ndi kupindula kwambiri ndi mitundu ya LLM, mapulogalamu, ndi zothandizira, kufananiza mapulogalamu abwino kwambiri ndikupereka malangizo opangira luso lanu la AI kukhala losalala komanso lotetezeka, kaya pa Windows, Mac, kapena Linux.

Chifukwa chiyani mumagwiritsa ntchito PC yanu ngati malo amtundu wa AI?

Kugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta yanu ngati nsanja yapakati ya AI kumapereka maubwino omwe ndi ovuta kufananiza ndi mautumiki amtambo. Chimodzi mwazifukwa zofunika kwambiri ndi zachinsinsi: mukamalumikizana ndi ma chatbots pamtambo, deta yanu ndi zopempha zanu zimatha kusungidwa pa seva zapagulu ndipo, ngakhale makampani amakhazikitsa njira zotetezera, Nthawi zonse pamakhala chiwopsezo cha kutayikira kapena kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika. Kukonza zambiri kwanuko kumatanthauza kuti muli ndi mphamvu zonse pa data yanu. Palibe wina aliyense amene ali ndi mwayi wopeza mafunso, mayankho, kapena mafayilo anu.

Ubwino winanso waukulu ndikuti palibe zofunikira pa intaneti. Ndi makina apanyumba, mutha kusangalala ndi mawonekedwe a AI ngakhale mutakhala ndi kulumikizana kosakhazikika, kukhala mdera lomwe silikukhudzidwa, kapena kungofuna kugwira ntchito popanda intaneti pazifukwa zachitetezo. Kuphatikiza apo, makonda ndiokulirapo: Mutha kusankha mtundu womwe umakuyenererani bwino, kuusintha malinga ndi zosowa zanu, ndikuwongolera magawo onse - zomwe sizingatheke ndi ntchito zam'chitini zamtambo.

Palibe chofunikira kwambiri ndi gawo lazachuma. Ngakhale ntchito zamtambo zimapereka mitundu yaulere, kugwiritsa ntchito kwapamwamba kumaphatikizapo kulembetsa, kulipira ma tokeni, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida. Mukamagwira ntchito kwanuko, malire okhawo ndi kuchuluka kwa zida zanu.

Mukufunikira chiyani kuti muyambe? Hardware ndi zofunika zofunika

Lingaliro wamba kuti kugwira ntchito ndi AI kumafuna makompyuta otsogola kapena ma GPU amphamvu kwambiri tsopano ndi mbiri yakale. Zilankhulo zamakono zakonzedwa kuti zizigwira ntchito pamakompyuta apanyumba, ndipo ambiri aiwo, makamaka ochulukitsidwa, imatha kuthamanga ngakhale popanda khadi lojambula lodzipereka, pogwiritsa ntchito CPU yokha.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino komanso kuti mukhale osangalatsa, tikulimbikitsidwa kukhala ndi 8-16 GB ya RAM. ndi purosesa yamakono (Core i5 kapena i7 ya m'badwo wachisanu ndi chimodzi kupita mtsogolo, kapena zofanana ndi Ryzen). Ngati mukugwira ntchito ndi mitundu yayikulu kapena mukufuna kuchita mwachangu, GPU yokhala ndi 4GB ya VRAM imapangitsa kusiyana, makamaka pantchito ngati kupanga zithunzi kapena mayankho aatali kwambiri.

Pa Mac, tchipisi ta Apple M1 ndi apamwamba amathandizanso mitundu ya LLM yakomweko yokhala ndi nthawi zabwino kwambiri zoyankhira. Mwachidule, ngati PC yanu kapena laputopu yanu ili yosakwana zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, mukhoza kuyamba kuyesa AI yakomweko.

Ndi mapulogalamu ndi nsanja ziti zomwe mukufunikira kuti musinthe PC yanu kukhala malo amtundu wa AI?

Mtima wamakina anu a AI ndi mapulogalamu apadera omwe amatsekereza kusiyana pakati pa zida zanu ndi mitundu ya AI. Zina mwazodziwika kwambiri chifukwa chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, mphamvu komanso kusinthasintha, ndikofunikira kuzitchula:

• GPT4All: Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino komanso zochezeka. Zimakupatsani mwayi wotsitsa ndikukhazikitsa mitundu ingapo ya zilankhulo, kulumikizana nazo, ndikusintha magawo osiyanasiyana. Ndi nsanja (Windows, Mac, ndi Linux) ndipo kukhazikitsa kwake ndikosavuta ngati pulogalamu ina iliyonse yapakompyuta.
• Jan AI: Imadziwikiratu mawonekedwe ake amakono, kuthekera kokonzekera ulusi wokambirana, komanso kugwirizana kwake ndi mitundu yonse yam'deralo komanso yakutali (kuchokera ku OpenAI, mwachitsanzo, kudzera pa API). Kuphatikiza apo, imapereka API yake yakumalo komwe kumatengera OpenAI's, kulola Jan kuti aphatikizidwe ngati AI backend muzinthu zina zomwe zimafuna kiyi ya ChatGPT API, koma osadalira intaneti.
• Llama.cpp ndi LM Studio: Zida izi zimakulolani kuyendetsa mitundu ya LLM kwanuko ndikupereka mwayi wopeza laibulale yamitundu yonse kuchokera ku Hugging Face ndi nkhokwe zina.

Ndondomeko yoyambira nthawi zambiri imakhala motere: Tsitsani pulogalamu yomwe mwasankha patsamba lake lovomerezeka, yikani pakompyuta yanu, ndikusakatula ma tempuleti omwe amapezeka (nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "The Hub" kapena zofanana). Kumeneko mukhoza kusankha chitsanzo mukufuna, onani kukula kwake ndi kukumbukira zofunika, ndi kukopera chirichonse kuchokera mawonekedwe palokha.

Mitundu yapamwamba ya AI yoyika kwanuko

Dziko lamitundu yotseguka ya LLM ndi yayikulu komanso ikukula mosalekeza. Kupatula zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi OpenAI (zomwe zimafuna kulumikizidwa kwamtambo), pali njira zina zambiri zomwe zakonzedwa kuti zizigwira ntchito kwanuko: Mistral 7B, TinyLlama Chat, Nous Hermes 2, Mixol 8X 7B, pakati pa ena. Zambiri mwazitsanzozi zimawerengedwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimatenga malo ocheperako ndipo zimafuna RAM yochepa pamtengo woperekera kulondola pang'ono.

Kwa oyamba kumene Zitsanzo zazing'ono, monga Mistro Instruct 7B kapena TinyLlama Chat, zimalimbikitsidwa, chifukwa zimatuluka mofulumira ndipo sizimadzaza dongosolo. Ngati kompyuta yanu ili ndi RAM yochulukirapo komanso malo osungira, yesani zitsanzo zathunthu monga Mixol 8X 7B, podziwa kuti, mwachitsanzo, ingafunike mpaka 26 GB ya disk space chifukwa cha chitsanzo.

Pafupifupi mapulogalamu onse mutha kusefa zitsanzo kutengera kukula kwake, chilankhulo choyambirira, ziphaso kapena mtundu wa ntchito zomwe adaphunzitsidwa. (kulemba, kupanga ma code, kumasulira, etc.). Cholinga chachindunji cha chitsanzocho, zotsatira zake zimakhala zolondola kwambiri.

Ndondomeko ya tsatane-tsatane pakukhazikitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito AI yakomweko

1. Koperani ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito: Pitani patsamba lovomerezeka la chida chomwe mumakonda (mwachitsanzo, GPT4All kapena Jan AI), tsitsani choyikira cha makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito, ndipo tsatirani njira zowonekera. Mu Windows, nthawi zambiri imakhala wizard yapamwamba; Pa Mac, pangafunike kuloleza Rosetta kwa makompyuta ndi M1/M2 purosesa; Pa Linux, mudzakhala ndi DEB kapena AppImage phukusi likupezeka.

2. Onani ndikutsitsa mitundu ya AI: Mukatsegula pulogalamuyi, pezani wofufuza wachitsanzo (mu GPT4All ndi "Discovery Model Space", mu Jan AI, "The Hub"). Sefa, onaninso mbali, ndipo mukapeza mtundu womwe umakusangalatsani kwambiri, dinani "Koperani." Mudzadziwitsidwa za kukula ndi zofunikira musanapitirize.

3. Kusankha ndi kuchita koyamba: Template ikatsitsidwa, sankhani mu pulogalamuyi ndikuyamba kukambirana kapena ntchito yatsopano. Lembani funso kapena pempho lanu ndikudikirira yankho. Mukawona kuyankha kwapang'onopang'ono, yesani kugwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zopepuka kapena sinthani makonda.

4. Sinthani magawo ndi kuyesa: M'mapulogalamu ambiri mungathe kusintha kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro (zomwe zimachepetsa kutalika kwa mayankho), komanso zina monga kutentha, top_p, ndi zina zotero. Yesani makonda osiyanasiyana mpaka mutapeza kusiyana pakati pa liwiro ndi khalidwe la zotsatira zomwe zimakuthandizani.

5. Konzani ndikusintha ulusi: Mapulogalamu ambiri amakulolani kuti mupange ulusi wokambirana ndi mayina ndi zolinga zosiyanasiyana (malingaliro a kanema, kulemba kwachidziwitso, kuthandizidwa ndi zolemba, ndi zina zotero), komanso mukhoza kusunga malangizo amtundu uliwonse, omwe amawongolera kuyanjana.

Kasamalidwe kazinthu ndi kukhathamiritsa magwiridwe antchito

Cholepheretsa chachikulu cha AI yakomweko ndi hardware: Mtunduwo ukakhala waukulu kwambiri pa RAM yanu, kutsika pang'onopang'ono, kusweka, kapena zolakwika zakupha zitha kuchitika. Mapulogalamu abwino kwambiri amapereka machenjezo amtsogolo mukasankha mtundu wolemetsa kwambiri pa chipangizo chanu.

Jan AI imapambana pophatikiza chowunikira pazithunzi zomwe zimakuwonetsani munthawi yeniyeni kugwiritsa ntchito RAM, CPU komanso kuthamanga kwachangu (zizindikiro pamphindikati). Mwanjira iyi, mutha kudziwa nthawi zonse ngati gulu lanu lili pamlingo wake kapena ngati mutha kufinya zambiri.

Ngati PC yanu ili ndi khadi la zithunzi za Nvidia ndipo mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi, Mapulogalamu ena amalola GPU kuthamanga mwa kukhazikitsa CUDA. Izi zitha kuchulukitsa liwiro pantchito zolemetsa. Nthawi zonse tchulani zolembedwa zovomerezeka kuti muyike bwino ndikuyambitsa chithandizo cha GPU.

Ubwino wa quantification: zitsanzo zopepuka komanso zogwira mtima

Mawu odziwika polankhula za AI yakomweko ndi "quantization." Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchepetsa kulondola kwa kusunga zolemera zachitsanzo pozisintha kukhala manambala okhala ndi ma bits ochepa, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri disk yachitsanzo ndi kukula kwa kukumbukira, ndi kukhudzidwa kochepa pa khalidwe la kuyankha.

Mitundu yambiri yotsitsidwa imabwera kale m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana (4-bit, 8-bit, etc.). Ngati chitsanzo chomwe mukufuna chikupezeka mu "full" version ndipo gulu lanu silingathe kusuntha, pali mapulogalamu omwe amakulolani kuti muyese nokha (mwachitsanzo, GPTQ).

Njira imeneyi zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kuyendetsa mitundu yamphamvu pama PC akale kapena opanda zida, posunga chinsinsi komanso kudziyimira pawokha kuchokera kumtambo.

Kuyerekeza kwa zida zabwino kwambiri za AI zakomweko: GPT4All vs. Jan AI

Mapulogalamu onsewa amapereka chilichonse chomwe mungafune kuti musinthe PC yanu kukhala malo amphamvu a AI, koma iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake omwe angakuthandizeni kusankha chimodzi kapena china kutengera zomwe mumakonda.

• Kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta: GPT4 Onse Ndi zophweka, unsembe ndi mofulumira ndi otsitsira zitsanzo zachitika bwino ndi wosuta-wochezeka mawonekedwe. Jan AI, kumbali ina, imapereka bungwe lazokambirana lapamwamba kwambiri komanso kuthekera kopititsira patsogolo malangizo ndi kayendedwe ka ntchito.
• Kugwirizana: Onse amathandiza Windows, Mac ndi Linux. Jan AI imawonjezera kuphatikizika kwachindunji ndi mapulogalamu ena kudzera mu API yakomweko.
• Kuyang'anira zothandizira: Jan AI imapereka dashboard yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito zida, zothandiza kwa magulu omwe ali ndi zovuta. GPT4All imafotokoza zofunikira zochepa ndikukuchenjezani ngati hardware yanu ingachepe.
• Zowonjezera: Jan amakulolani kuti muyike zowonjezera zomwe zimakulitsa magwiridwe antchito (mwachitsanzo, chowunikira chomwe chatchulidwa pamwambapa), chomwe sichipezeka mu GPT4All.

Malingaliro anga ndikuyesera zonse ziwiri ndikuwona yomwe ikugwirizana bwino ndi kayendetsedwe kanu ndi gulu lanu.

Kuthetsa mavuto ndi FAQs

Ndizofala kukumana ndi zovuta zina mukamatsitsa ndikuyika mitundu ya AI, makamaka mukamachita ndi mafayilo akulu kapena kukhala ndi zida zochepa pagulu. Chimodzi mwa zolakwika zofala ndikulephera kutenga. Pazifukwa izi, ndibwino kuyang'ana kulumikizana kwanu, kuyeretsa malo a disk, kapena kuyambitsanso ntchito. Magulu othandizira pulogalamu iliyonse, komanso ma wiki kapena mabwalo awo ovomerezeka, nthawi zambiri amapereka mayankho pang'onopang'ono.

Pankhani yachitetezo, kugwiritsa ntchito AI yakomweko kumakhala kowonekera kwambiri kuposa kulumikizana ndi mautumiki akutali. Deta yanu ndi mbiri yakukambirana imakhalabe pa chipangizo chanu ndipo sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa ma aligorivimu akunja. Komabe, monga kusamala, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisamagawane zidziwitso mu pulogalamu iliyonse ya AI, ngakhale kwanuko.

Nanga bwanji ngati mukufuna kuchita zambiri? Ngati mungakwanitse kukweza RAM (16 kapena 32 GB) kapena GPU yamakono, zitsanzo zazikuluzikulu zidzayenda bwino ndipo mudzatha kuyesa zinthu zapamwamba monga kuyanjana kwa multimodal (zolemba, chithunzi, mawu). Apo ayi, pali zitsanzo zopepuka, zokongoletsedwa kwambiri zomwe zimagwira bwino ntchito zambiri za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Zochitika sizili pa intaneti: Mitundu ikatsitsidwa, pulogalamuyi imagwira ntchito popanda intaneti, kukulitsa chinsinsi ndikukulolani kuti mugwire ntchito zilizonse.

AI ecosystem yomwe ikusintha pafupipafupi

Mayankho aposachedwa a AI a ma PC afika pamlingo wakukhwima womwe tsopano umawapangitsa kukhala njira yolimba yogwirira ntchito zamtambo. Mitundu yayikulu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuyika kosavuta, ndi kuthekera kosintha mwamakonda ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wopeza nzeru zamakono zopangapanga.

Makampani monga Google ndi Microsoft nawonso akuthandizira gawo lawo kudzera pamapulatifomu apakati (mwachitsanzo AI Hub kapena Copilot pa Windows), koma kuthekera kwenikweni kwa AI yakomweko kuli chifukwa Mutha kusintha makonda anu kuti agwirizane ndi momwe mumagwirira ntchito, zinsinsi, ndi zolinga zanu..

Podziwa kuti ndinu wogwiritsa ntchito bwino wa AI, tikukupemphani kuti muyambe kuphunzira zambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wa ChatGPT ndi ena, popeza mwachitsanzo, mutha kukhala ndi kuyerekeza mtengo pa ChatGPT.

Tsopano muli ndi zida, maupangiri ndi zidule zofunika kuti musinthe PC yanu kukhala malo enieni anzeru, Kutengera luso komanso kuwongolera chidziwitso chanu pamlingo wina. Tikukhulupirira kuti tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito PC yanu ngati malo amtundu wa AI.