Kusiyana pakati pa alkali ndi maziko

Chiyambi

M'munda wa chemistry, nthawi zambiri mumamva mawu akuti "alkali" ndi "base." Zonsezi zimagwirizana ndi lingaliro la pH ndi mayankho amadzimadzi omwe amatha kukhala ndi zamchere kapena zofunikira. M'nkhaniyi, tifotokoza kusiyana pakati pa alkali ndi maziko.

Kodi maziko ndi chiyani?

Maziko ndi chinthu chilichonse chomwe chimalandira ma hydrogen ayoni (H+) munjira yamadzi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pH ya yankho ichuluke komanso kukhala yofunika kwambiri. Maziko amapezeka muzinthu zambiri zoyeretsera, monga zotsukira zovala. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ndi chitsanzo chodziwika bwino cha maziko.

Mitundu yamabasiketi

Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maziko, iliyonse ili ndi katundu ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Zitsulo zachitsulo, monga sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ndi calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga sopo ndi njira zama mafakitale.
• Maziko a organic, omwe ali ndi nayitrogeni m'maselo awo, monga urea.
• Maziko a ammonium, omwe ali ndi atomu imodzi ya nayitrogeni yolumikizidwa ku maatomu anayi a haidrojeni, monga ammonia (NH3).

Kodi alkali ndi chiyani?

Mosiyana ndi maziko, alkali ndi maziko osungunuka m'madzi. Alkalis amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala komanso m'makampani azakudya. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuletsa ma acid. Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino za alkalis ndi sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potaziyamu hydroxide (KOH), ndi sodium carbonate (Na2CO3).

Kodi zimasiyana bwanji?

Mwachidule, maziko onse ndi zinthu zomwe zimavomereza ma hydrogen ions (H +) mu njira yamadzimadzi, yomwe imawonjezera pH. Komabe, sizinthu zonse zosungunuka m'madzi zomwe zimatengedwa ngati alkalis. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa maziko ndi alkali ndikuti alkali ndi maziko osungunuka madzi.

Mapeto

Pomaliza, ngakhale mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa alkali ndi maziko. Kuti tikumbukire kusiyana, tikhoza kunena kuti alkalis onse ndi maziko, koma sizitsulo zonse zomwe zili ndi alkalis. Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi yakhala yothandiza kwa inu.