Kusiyana pakati pa empiricism ndi rationalism

Kodi empiricism ndi rationalism ndi chiyani?

Empiricism ndi rationalism ndi mafunde awiri afilosofi omwe amafuna kufotokoza chidziwitso chaumunthu m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale kuti empiricism imatsimikizira kuti chidziwitso chonse chimachokera ku zochitika, rationalism imateteza kuti chidziwitso chimapezedwa mwa kulingalira ndi kulingalira.

Empiricism

Empiricism imatsimikizira kuti chidziwitso chonse chimachokera ku zomwe takumana nazo, ndikuti titha kudziwa zomwe takumana nazo. Mogwirizana ndi sukulu ya maganizo imeneyi, zimene timakumana nazo kupyolera mu mphamvu zathu ndizo gwero lokhalo lodalirika la chidziŵitso. Mwachitsanzo, kwa empiricist, mtundu wofiira umakhalapo chifukwa tidauwona kale.

Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri odziwa zamatsenga amakhulupirira kuti anthu onse amabadwa ndi malingaliro opanda kanthu, ngati mtundu wa slate wopanda kanthu womwe umadzazidwa ndi zomwe timapeza m'miyoyo yathu yonse. Malinga ndi chiphunzitsochi, malingaliro athu onse amachokera ku malingaliro athu okhudzidwa ndi zochitika zathu. mdziko lapansi.

Mwachidule, empiricism imatsimikizira kuti chidziwitso ndi gwero lokhalo lodalirika la chidziwitso, ndikuti titha kudziwa zomwe takumana nazo kudzera mumalingaliro athu.

Zitsanzo za Empiricism

• Ngati tikufuna kudziwa kukoma kwa lalanje, tiyenera kuliyesa
• Mankhwala amachokera pakuwona zizindikiro ndi kuyesa kupeza mankhwala
• Sayansi imadalira kuyang'anira ndi kuyesa kupanga malingaliro

Kulingalira

Rationalism imachokera pa lingaliro lakuti chidziwitso chimachokera ku kulingalira ndi kulingalira. Malinga ndi nthanthi iyi, titha kudziwa dziko lapansi ndi zowona zapadziko lonse lapansi kudzera mumalingaliro ndi malingaliro. Amaona kuti chowonadi chenicheni chimapezeka m’malingaliro osati m’zokumana nazo.

Mwanjira imeneyi, oganiza bwino amakhulupirira kuti pali zowonadi zomwe zimabadwa mwa munthu aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za zomwe akumana nazo. Mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi sukulu iyi ya maganizo, anthu onse amabadwa ndi lingaliro lakuti 2 + 2 = 4, kapena kuti chinthu sichingakhale malo awiri. pa nthawi yomweyo.

Mwachidule, rationalism imateteza kuti tikhoza kudziwa choonadi kupyolera mu kulingalira ndi kulingalira, popanda zokumana nazo zathu.

Zitsanzo za Rationalism

• Masamu amaonedwa kuti ndi sayansi yanzeru, chifukwa imakhazikika pamalingaliro ndi kulingalira.
• Malinga ndi kulingalira kwanzeru, anthu onse amabadwa ndi chowonadi china chobadwa nacho cha chilengedwe chonse.
• Filosofi imatengedwa ngati sayansi yongopeka

Pomaliza

Pomaliza, empiricism ndi rationalism ndi mafunde awiri afilosofi omwe amafuna kufotokoza chidziwitso chaumunthu m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Empiricism imatsimikizira kuti chidziwitso chonse chimachokera ku zochitika, pamene kulingalira kumateteza chidziwitso kuti chidziwitso chimapezedwa mwa kulingalira ndi kulingalira. Mitsinje yonseyi ili ndi mphamvu ndi zolephera zake, ndipo ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwawo kuti timvetsetse momwe timapezera chidziwitso ndi momwe tingachigwiritsire ntchito. bwino.