Kalozera wathunthu wokhudzana ndi masewera akale pa Windows yamakono

Nostalgia imagunda kwambiri mukamayesa kuyambitsa masewera apamwamba pa PC yamakono ndikupeza uthenga wa "Ntchitoyi siyitha kuyendetsedwa pakompyuta yanu". Mu bukhuli mupeza Njira zonse zothandiza zotsegulira masewera akale ndi kugwiritsa ntchito Windows 10 ndi 11, kuchokera kumakonzedwe ogwirizana omangidwa mpaka kutengera mozama ndi zida zofananira za retro.

Tisanayambe, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake: kusintha kwa kamangidwe (kuyambira 16/32 mpaka 64 bits), madalaivala osatha, ma API azithunzi oiwalika (monga Glide), ndi DRM yachikale monga SafeDisc kapena SecuROM Amasokoneza zinthu. Ngakhale zili choncho, ndi zida zoyenera komanso kuleza mtima pang'ono, mitu yambiri yakale imatha kubwezeredwa popanda kutayika mu limbo ya digito. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi wathunthu Chitsogozo chofananira pamasewera akale pa Windows yamakono.

Choyamba, gwiritsani ntchito mawonekedwe a wizard ndi Windows.

Windows imaphatikizapo dongosolo la kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe "zimanamizira" ngati zida zam'mbuyomu zadongosolo, zimasintha mawonekedwe ndikugwiritsa ntchito zosintha wamba kuti ziwonjezeke mwayi woyambira.

Kuti muyese, dinani kumanja pa zomwe zingatheke kapena njira yake yachidule, ndikulowetsa Katundu > Kugwirizana ndikusankha "Thamangani pulogalamuyi mumayendedwe ogwirizana" posankha mtundu (kuchokera pa Windows 95 mpaka Windows 8). Mu Windows 11 ndondomekoyi ndi yofanana, ndi tabu yemweyo ndi zosankha.

Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe, pali makonda ena othandiza omwe amapezeka masewerawa akayamba koma samawonetsa kapena kuchita bwino. Zina mwazothandiza kwambiri ndi: Mtundu wochepetsedwa, 640 × 480, Letsani kukhathamiritsa kwa skrini yonse, Thamanga ngati woyang'anira, Lembetsani pulogalamuyi kuti muyambitsenso y Sinthani mawonekedwe apamwamba a DPI kukonza zinthu zowoneka paziwonetsero zamakono.

Ngati simukudziwa koyambira, dinani "Kuthamangitsani kusokoneza zovuta"Wizard iyi imasanthula zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndikupangira masinthidwe amilandu yodziwika bwino, kupulumutsa kuyesa ndi zolakwika.

Malangizo ofulumira omwe amathetsa mavuto ambiri

Musanayambe kutsanzira zovuta, yesani zoyambira: chitani monga woyang'anira (dinani kumanja> Thamangani ngati woyang'anira), sinthani fayilo ya zithunzi ndi ma driver amawu y kukhazikitsa DirectX End-User Runtimes Thandizo la Microsoft pama library akale omwe masewera ambiri amafunikira.

Khadi lina lakutchire ndi PCGamingWiki, maziko odziwa zosungidwa ndi anthu okhala ndi zigamba, zokonza zenizeni, zotulutsa zotulutsa, mayankho azithunzi zazikulu, ndi zolemba pamasitolo a digito. Pezani masewera anu pamenepo musanasokoneze zinthu. ndi njira zina.

Pa mitu ya 3D kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 90s ndi koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, lingalirani zolemba zomwe zimamasulira ma API akale kupita amakono: dgVoodoo2 (Glide ndi DirectX mpaka 8.1), nGlide (Glide kwa 3dfx) kapena DxWnd (kakamizani mawindo okhala ndi mawindo, mtundu wolondola, malingaliro a sikelo). Zotsatira zake pa kukhazikika ndi khalidwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala nthawi yomweyo..

Ngati mukufuna ziro mutu, lingalirani zogula zongopanga kale pa GOG.com (nthawi zambiri amabwera ali ndi zigamba, ndi DOSBox yophatikizidwa ngati kuli kofunikira) kapena pa Steam ndi zosintha zovomerezeka / zosavomerezeka. Ndi njira yachindunji kwambiri pakusewera popanda kulimbana ndi makonda..

Zifukwa zaukadaulo zosagwirizana (ndi momwe mungachepetsere)

Machitidwe a 64-bit savomereza 16-bit binaries Komanso sichirikiza madalaivala olowa; Windows 10/11 imagwiritsa ntchito WOW64 pamakina a 32-bit, koma ndipamene imayima. Ichi ndichifukwa chake masewera ena amafuna oyika 16-bit kapena malaibulale. Sayamba popanda thandizoKuphatikiza apo, zosintha pakuwongolera kukumbukira, chitetezo, ndi madalaivala zimasokoneza malingaliro a mapulogalamu akale.

Pankhani ya zithunzi, ma API ndi madalaivala adasinthika: Glide ndi DirectX 5/6/7 Salandira thandizo lakwawo, ndipo kukweza pa 4:3 pa zowunikira zazikulu kumakhala kolakwika. Apa ndi pamene [zotsatirazi zikubwera]. wrappers, zigamba zazikulu (Widescreen Fixes Pack, Flawless Widescreen) ndikuyendetsa pawindo ndikuwongoleranso.

Pankhani ya phokoso, DirectSound3D mathamangitsidwe a hardware kulibenso. Masewera ena amayenda bwino poletsa kuthamanga uku (ngati alola) kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mayankho ngati Creative ALchemy ku mapu ku OpenAL. Sinthani madalaivala Zimakhala zovomerezeka.

Kuthamanga kumasokonekeranso: Ma PC amakono amatha kuyendetsa masewera bwino ngati alumikizana ndi ma CPU. Izi zimalepheretsa... FPS yokhala ndi RTSS (RivaTuner Statistics Server) ndi, mu DOS maudindo, kusintha m'zinthu DOSBox. Kuwongolera nthawi kumalepheretsa physics ndi makanema ojambula pamanja.

Momwe mungayendetsere masewera a MS-DOS: DOSBox sitepe ndi sitepe

Kwa maudindo a DOS okha, njira yabwino ndi DOSBoxNdi ufulu emulator kuti mokhulupirika recreates DOS chilengedwe. Mukayika, tsegulani kuchokera pa menyu Yoyambira ndipo muwona cholumikizira chapamwamba chomwe chikudikirira malamulo.

Kuti mupeze masewera anu, muyenera "kukweza" chikwatu pa PC yanu ngati drive drive. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito C:\DOOM, thamangani mount c c:\DOOM ndiyeno zimasintha ndi C:. Ndi DIR Mudzalemba mafayilo, ndikuyendetsa, lembani dzina la .EXE. Ndi yosavuta, yachangu, komanso yogwirizana kwambiri..

Kumbukirani, tikukamba za kutsanzira: pakhoza kukhala kusiyana kwa mawu kapena kuthamanga ngati simukonza bwino Ma Cycles, koma kugwirizanitsa ndikwabwino kwambiri. Kuti zinthu zikhale zosavuta, yesani kutsogolo ngati DBGL kapena D-Fend Yokwezedwanso, omwe amakonza mbiri ndi njira zazifupi. Kutseka DOSBox ndikosavuta monga kudina X pawindo..

Ngati mukufuna zina, jDosbox (zochokera Java) ndi vDOS Amayendetsanso mapulogalamu a MS-DOS bwino pa Windows 64-bit, ndipo FreeDOS imakulolani khazikitsani PC yakale kapena VM ya DOS basi ndi zotsatira zolimba kwambiri.

Pamene kuyanjana sikukwanira: 86Box + kutsogolo

Masewera a Windows 95/98/ME omwe amakana DOSBox ndi mawonekedwe ofananira nthawi zambiri amatsitsimutsidwa ndi 86 Bokosi, yomwe imatsanzira ma PC otsika kuyambira 80s mpaka pamapulatifomu okhala ndi PCI/AGP basi, kuphatikiza chipsets, BIOS, zithunzi ndi Makhadi a 3dfx okhala ndi chithandizo cha SLI chotengeraIzi zimaposa kutsanzira kwa VirtualBox/VMware mogwirizana ndi mapulogalamu anthawiyo.

Ngakhale 86Box imawongoleredwa kudzera pamzere wolamula, malekezero akutsogolo akupezeka kuti achepetse kugwiritsa ntchito kwake. Mwambiri WinBox Zinali zotchuka kwambiri, ndipo lero zikuwonekera. Avalonia86, amakono komanso akukula mwachangu. Zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupanga ndikusintha makina a retro ndikungodina pang'ono..

Mukayamba kutsogolo, ngati sichizindikira 86Box, idzapereka kutsitsa pachimake. Ndi zachilendo kuti izi zitenge kanthawi. Yembekezerani kuti ithe ndipo mudzakhala ndi maziko okonzekera kupanga ma VMNgati nthawi ina simungapeze ma binaries m'malo ovomerezeka, yang'anani magalasi odalirika kapena phatikizani kuchokera ku code code ya polojekiti.

Kupanga makina enieni ndikosavuta monga kutchula dzina, kusankha chikwatu, ndikusankha nsanja. Mwachitsanzo, kwa Windows 95, kuphatikiza wamba ndi 486 yokhala ndi PCI ndiyeno sonkhanitsani khadi lojambula ngati Vuto 1 (S3 Trio ndiyabwinonso ngati mukufuna china chake chofunikira). Katundu wama boardboard, chipsets, ndi makadi ndiambiri..

Kuyika Windows 95/98 pa 86Box (zanzeru zopulumutsa nthawi)

Tsitsani ISO ya dongosolo (mwachitsanzo, Windows 95 OSR2 mu Spanish) kuchokera kumalo osungira odziwika. Kwezani ISO ngati CD-ROM mu VM, koma kumbukirani zambiri kuyambira nthawi imeneyo: Mufunika diskette yoyambira kotero kuti okhazikitsa athe kuzindikira ma CD drive.

Yatsani kuchokera pa floppy disk ndipo, kuti muthandizire kuzindikira, sinthani mtundu wa CD-ROM mu kasinthidwe ka 86Box kukhala imodzi mwa mtunduwo. NEC pa njira yachiwiri ya IDE (0:1)Floppy disk nthawi zambiri imaphatikizapo madalaivala a NEC, omwe amapulumutsa mutu kumayambiriro. Pambuyo potsitsa dalaivala, galimotoyo idzawonekera (mwachitsanzo, D :).

Ndi chilengedwe okonzeka, ndi nthawi yokonzekera litayamba: kulowa BIOS ngati n'koyenera fufuzani kuti detects HDD ndi kukhazikitsa jombo kuti A:. Yambani kuchokera pa floppy disk, thamangani Mtengo wa FDISK kupanga gawo loyamba (kuvomereza zimbale zazikulu (ngati ikufunsani), yambitsaninso ndikusintha ndi mtundu c:. Dziwani kuti ndi masanjidwe a kiyibodi yaku US: colon imalembedwa ndi SHIFT+Ñ.

Tsopano mutha kusinthira ku CD drive (mwachitsanzo D :) ndikuyambitsa okhazikitsa (pa media ena lamulo ndi LANGANIKuchokera apa, ndi wizard yodziwika bwino ya Windows 95: sankhani zigawo, lowetsani kiyi yanu yoyambirira, ndikupitiliza. Kuti muchepetse, gwiritsani ntchito Sound Blaster 16 ndi khadi yojambula yomwe Windows imazindikira popanda mavuto..

Mukakhala mkati mwadongosolo, yikani madalaivala a Voodoo ngati mukufuna kusewera maudindo a Glide. Kuchita kwa 86Box ndikwabwino kwambiri, koma CPU yamphamvu kwambiri ya PC yanu, kutsanzira kudzakhala kosavuta.Pamalaputopu akale zitha kukhala zokwanira; pa desktops zamakono, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zangwiro.

Kuyika kuchokera kuzinthu zakuthupi ndi njira zina zamalamulo

Ngati mumasunga masewera mu CD/DVD kapena floppy disksMufunika kuyendetsa thupi. Mutha kugula chowerengera chakunja cha USB kuti mutenge mafayilo atolankhani. Ndi ndalama zazing'ono zomwe zimathandizira kusunga..

Mukakhala mulibe njira kapena mukufuna kuchita bwino, yang'anani zotulutsa za digito GOG kapena SteamMabaibulo ambiri amasinthidwa, kuikidwa zigamba, ndi kuikidwa ndi emulators pakufunika. Remasters (Baldur's Gate, Monkey Island, ndi zina zotero) amathandiziranso zochitikazo.

M'malo a console ROMs, yang'anani zovomerezeka m'dziko lanu: maudindo ena ndi ovomerezeka, ena amaganiziridwa. abandonware ndi zina zomwe zili pagulu kapena zopangira zapanyumba. Dziwani bwino ndikuyika patsogolo njira zovomerezeka kupewa mavuto.

Makina owoneka bwino: pulani yapadziko lonse lapansi B

Virtualizing ikupanga "PC mkati mwa PC" yokhala ndi kachitidwe koyambirira komwe masewerawa amafunikira. Virtualbox y VMware Workstation Player Izi ndi zosankha zotchuka; mu Windows Pro muli nayo Hyper-VKwa Windows 98/XP, zinthu zochepa ndizokwanira (ngakhale 512 MB ya RAM nthawi zambiri).

Musanayambe, fufuzani kuti Virtualization yayatsidwa (Task Manager> Performance> CPU). Ngati sichoncho, yambitsani mu BIOS/UEFI monga "Virtualization Technology", "Intel VT-x", "AMD-V" kapena "SVM". Popanda izi, magwiridwe antchito adzakhala osakhazikika..

Zindikirani: ma VM amatsanzira zida zamagetsi ndipo, ngakhale amagwira ntchito bwino pamaofesi ndi masewera ambiri a 2D, amatha kulephera. Sukulu yakale idakwera 3DIchi ndichifukwa chake 86Box nthawi zambiri imapambana mogwirizana ndi zida zanthawiyo. Gwiritsani ntchito ngati njira yomaliza yamapulogalamu amakani kwambiri.

16-bit installers ndi mapulogalamu akale kwambiri

64-bit Windows 10/11 sichimayendetsa 16-bit binaries. Kuti muchite izi popanda VM, yesani OTVDM (Wine adaptation): amalola kukhazikitsa 16-bit installers ndi mapulogalamu komanso mapulogalamu ena a DOS okhala ndi mawonekedwe a Windows. Itha kutsitsidwa kuchokera kumalo ake a GitHub ndipo imachitidwa posankha fayilo kuti mutsegule.

Njira ina yopangira mapulogalamu a DOS ndi vDOSzomwe zimaphatikizana bwino ndi 64-bit Windows komanso zimalola kusindikiza kudzera pa spooler yamakono. Kwa "zenizeni" za DOS, onjezerani FreeDOS pa PC yakale kapena mu VM ndi njira yolimba komanso yopepuka. Zosankha zonsezi ndi zaulere..

Ubwino wazithunzi zamakono: panoramic, zosefera ndi kukonza pambuyo

Ngati HUD yatambasulidwa kapena mawonekedwe akuwoneka osokonekera, yang'anani zigamba zazikulu enieni pa PCGamingWiki kapena nkhokwe monga Widescreen Fixes Pack ndi Flawless Widescreen. Maina ambiri amapeza chithandizo cha 16:9/21:9 ndikudina kawiri.

Kupititsa patsogolo kukongola popanda kukhudza masewerawo, Reshade Imawonjezera zotsatira pambuyo pokonza (kuunikira, kuya kwa munda, kukulitsa) pafupifupi mutu uliwonse. Nthawi zina ma presets amafunika kukonzedwa bwino kuti asatayike. Yang'anani masinthidwe omwe anthu ammudzi amagawana nawo kuti mutetezeke..

Ma classics ena amakhala Mapaketi a HD amitundu kapena mitundu (mwachitsanzo, System Shock 2, Theka lamoyoMorrowind). Zikakhalapo, kudumpha kowonekera kumawonekera kwambiri. Osati masewera onse ali ndi ma mods ngati awa, koma ndi bwino kufufuza..

Kuchita ndi kukhazikika: malire, madalaivala, ndi zidule

Ngati masewerawa athamanga kwambiri ndikuphwanya masewerawo, amalepheretsa FPS yokhala ndi RTSSMu DOSBox, sinthani zozungulira kotero kuti nthawi yamkati yamasewerawa ilumikizane pomwe iyenera. Kuwongolera kayimbidwe ndi latency kumalepheretsa physics, audio, kapena AI bugs.

Sinthani ku madalaivala atsopano kuchokera ku GPU yanu ndi zomvera. Nthawi zina, kuletsa "kukhathamiritsa kwazithunzi zonse" kapena kukakamiza mawonekedwe awindo ndi DxWnd Imachotsa zowonera, zowonera zakuda, kapena mitundu yachilendo. Letsani makanema ojambula ndi zowonekera Zimathandizanso mu Windows 11 kuti muchepetse zosokoneza zowoneka. Kusintha kwakung'ono kumachita zozizwitsa.

Ndi makhadi ophatikizidwa amakono, yambitsani Kusintha kwa GPU ndi zosefera za anisotropy/zofewetsa kuchokera pagawo lokulunga (monga dgVoodoo2) m'mphepete ndi mawonekedwe ake. Osakakamiza chilichonse ku 4K ngati masewerawa sakugwirizana nazo.Nthawi zina 960p/1200p imapereka zotsatira zabwinoko.

DRM ndi maloko ena wamba

SafeDisc ndi SecuROM adayikidwa oyendetsa kernel-level zomwe Mawindo tsopano akuwona kuti ndizosatetezeka. M'matembenuzidwe ena akale, kuyesa kuyambitsa ntchito ndi sc start secdrv Itha kugwira ntchito (kutengera mtundu), koma Nthawi zambiri imayimitsidwa chifukwa chachitetezo.Njira ina ndiyo kuyang'ana zolemba zopanda DRM kapena zigamba zovomerezeka.

Pali zosinthidwa zomwe zimachotsa kudalira pa CD kapena DRM, koma Nthawi zonse lemekezani malamulo m'dziko lanu ndikuyika patsogolo mayankho ovomerezeka. Momwe mungagulire zosinthidwa za digito. Pamene kusungidwa ndiko cholinga, PCGamingWiki imapanga zosankha zovomerezeka ndi anthu.

Ma emulators a Console pa PC (ngati classic yanu si ya Windows)

Ngati masewerawa adangotulutsidwa pama consoles, muyenera kutsanzira odzipereka. RetroArch Imayika pakati pa "cores" angapo a Nintendo, Sega, Atari, ndi zina zambiri; maphunziro ake pamapindikira ndi zolimbitsa koma Chochitikacho ndi chodabwitsa.OpenEmu imakwaniritsanso gawo lofananira m'malo ogwirizana.

Kumbukirani kuti emulator ndi "console" chabe; masewera amabwera mu mawonekedwe a ROM/ISO ndi ake Kugawa kungatetezedwe ndi kukoperaYang'anani malamulo am'deralo, sungani zotayira zanu ngati n'kotheka, ndikuthandizira zotulutsidwanso zovomerezeka Inde, alipo.

Pazida zam'manja pamakompyuta (mwachitsanzo, Android), mayankho monga BlueStacks Amatsanzira chilengedwe mogwirizana kwambiri, ngakhale pano tikuchoka pamalingaliro apamwamba a retro. Mfundoyi ndi yofanana: yezerani zida zoyambirira / OS.

Pakugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, kuyanjana kwam'mbuyo pama PC sikungatheke: ndi mawonekedwe ofananira, zomata zojambulira, DOSBox yanthawi ya MS-DOS, 86Box mukafuna zida za 90s, makina enieni azinthu zina, ndi zinthu monga PCGamingWiki, Muli ndi zida zankhondo zokwanira kuti mubwezeretsenso moyo wamtundu uliwonse.Ndipo inde, mungafunike kuchita nawo, koma ndi zinthu zochepa zomwe zimamveka bwino kuposa kuwona masewerawa omwe amakuyikani chizindikiro pomwe ma pixel anali akulu komanso nkhani zidayamba zazikulu.