Kulankhula zilankhulo ndi kukalamba: zinenero zambiri ngati chishango

Kulankhula zilankhulo zingapo tsiku lililonse kumalumikizidwa ndi a kukalamba pang'onopang'ono kwachilengedweAwa ndiwo mawu omaliza a kafukufuku wapadziko lonse wofalitsidwa mu Nature Aging yemwe adasanthula kuchuluka kwa anthu ochokera ku Europe ndikupeza njira yomveka bwino: Kulankhula zinenero zambiri kumagwira ntchito ngati chinthu chotetezera kuti chisawonongeke zogwirizana ndi zaka.

Phunziroli, lomwe likutenga nawo gawo kwambiri kuchokera kumagulu aku Spain, likufotokoza kuchuluka kwazinthu: Zilankhulo zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupiKutetezedwa kukakhala kokulirapo, zilankhulo zolankhulidwa zimakwera. Ziwerengerozi zikuwonetsa kuti anthu olankhula chinenero chimodzi ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chowonetsa zizindikiro za ukalamba wofulumira.

Zomwe phunziro latsopanoli likunena

Kusanthula kunaphatikizapo Akuluakulu 86.149 azaka zapakati pa 51 ndi 90 ochokera ku mayiko a 27 a ku Ulaya ndikuwunika ngati zaka zawo "zenizeni" (biobehavioral) zinali zapamwamba kapena zochepa kusiyana ndi zomwe zimayembekezeredwa malinga ndi thanzi ndi moyo. Poyerekeza ndi anthu olankhula chinenero chimodzi, anthu a zinenero zambiri amasonyeza, pafupifupi theka la mwayi wosonyeza kukalamba mofulumira, ndi mgwirizano wa kuyankha kwa mlingo zomveka.

Zina mwazopeza bwino, gululo lidawona kuti kuyankhula zilankhulo ziwiri kumalumikizidwa ndi a kuchepetsedwa kwachiwopsezo za ukalamba wofulumira, womwe unakula ndi zinenero zitatu ndikupitiriza kukula ndi zinenero zinayi kapena kuposerapo. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, phindu ndilowonjezereka.

Olembawo akuwonetsa kuti, ku Europe komwe kugwiritsa ntchito zilankhulo zingapo ndikofala, mayendedwe azaumoyo Mu ukalamba, zotsatira zimakhala zabwino kwambiri. Chitsanzochi chinabwerezedwa m'magulu onse azaka mu phunziroli ndipo adadziwika kwambiri m'magulu achikulire.

Kodi zaka za biobehavioral zidayesedwa bwanji?

Kuti ayerekeze kusiyana pakati pa zaka ndi zaka zamoyo, gululo linapanga chitsanzo cha nzeru zochita kupanga Zimaphatikiza zizindikiro za 14 za thanzi ndi ntchito (kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kudziyimira pawokha, masomphenya ndi kumva, pakati pa ena). Ndi gawo laling'ono chabe la miyeso iyi yomwe imakhala yachidziwitso; "wotchi" imasonyeza zamoyo zonse.

Chitsanzocho chinasinthidwa ndi angapo zowonetsera moyo wonse (exposome): mulingo wa chikhalidwe cha anthu, kusamuka, mtundu wa mpweya, kusalingana, chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso mtunda wapakati pa zilankhulo (kuphatikiza zilankhulo zofananira sikufuna kuyesetsa kofanana ndi kuphatikiza zilankhulo zosiyana kwambiri).

Metric yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yotchedwa kusiyana kwa zaka za biobehavioralIzi zinalola ochita kafukufuku kuyika ngati munthu amakalamba mofulumira (zikhalidwe zabwino) kapena pang'onopang'ono (zolakwika) kuposa momwe amayembekezera. Ndi njira iyi, chitetezo cha zinenero zambiri chinakhalabe pambuyo pa kusintha konse.

Zotsatira zazikulu ku Europe ndi ku Spain

Deta ikuwonetsa kuti olankhula chinenero chimodzi Amakhala ndi chiopsezo chochepera kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa amene amagwiritsa ntchito zilankhulo zingapo. Pamene chiwerengero cha zilankhulo chikuwonjezeka, mwayi wa kukalamba kupitirira msinkhu woyembekezeredwa ukucheperachepera.

Mu nkhani ya ku Ulaya, Pafupifupi 75% ya anthu ogwira ntchito akuti amalankhula zilankhulo zingapoKomabe, pali kusiyana kwa zigawo: Mayiko a Nordic amatsogola pazilankhulo ziwiripamene kum’mwera kwa Ulaya kutsalira m’mbuyo. Dziko la Spain, chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kwa zilankhulo, ndi nkhani yosangalatsa yowunika momwe zinenero zambiri zimakhudzira tsiku ndi tsiku.

Kafukufukuyu akukhudza mabungwe monga Basque Center for Cognition, Brain and Language (BCBL) ndi BarcelonaBeta Research Center. Phunziro linalake likukonzedwa ku Spain kuti lifananize zotsatira za zilankhulo zofananira (mwachitsanzo, Chikatalani-Chisipanishi) ndi zilankhulo zakutali (mwachitsanzo, Basque-Spanish), ndizizindikiro zoyambirira zachitetezo chokulirapo zilankhulo zikakhala zofanana.

Njira zomwe zingatheke: kuchokera ku ubongo kupita ku thupi

Malongosoledwe ovomerezedwa kwambiri ndi amenewo Kulankhula zilankhulo zambiri kumafuna kulamulira kosalekeza: kuyambitsa chinenero chimodzi, kulepheretsa china, kusintha malamulo, ndi kuyang'anira kusokoneza.“Maphunziro” amenewo amalimbitsa ma network a chidwi ndi kukumbukira, ndendende amene angavutike kwambiri ndi kupita kwa nthawi.

Koma sizimayima mu ubongo. Kugwiritsa ntchito zilankhulo zingapo kumakulitsa malo ochezera, kumachepetsa nkhawa, ndipo kumatha kulimbikitsa ... thanzi la mtima ndi metabolicZotsatira zake ndi kupirira kwamagulu ambiri: zachilengedwe, zachidziwitso, ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, zopindulitsa mwadongosolo.

Akatswiri odziyimira pawokha afanizira izi ndi "masewera olimbitsa thupi"tsiku ndi tsiku: pamene maukonde olamulira zinenero amagwiritsidwa ntchito, amakhala amphamvu kwambiri, omwe amathandiza kuti apitirize kugwira ntchito ndi zaka."

Zokhudza mfundo zapagulu komanso pa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku

Olemba akuganiza zophatikizira ndi kuphunzira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zilankhulo mwachangu ku njira zaumoyo wa anthu, mofanana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kudya bwino. Kupatula makonzedwe a sukulu, amalimbikitsa kupanga mipata yeniyeni yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mibadwo yonse.

Kuphatikiza apo, akuwonetsa kuti masewera ena ovuta - nyimbo, kuvina, zaluso, chess, kapena masewera apakanema anzeru - nawonso amathandizira Kukalamba bwinoChofunikira ndikusungabe kukondoweza kosalekeza kwa maukonde ovuta amalingaliro ndi malingaliro.

• Yesetsani chilankhulocho muzochitika zenizeni: kukambirana, kudzipereka, kuwerenga ndi media.
• Kuphatikiza zilankhulo zofananira komanso, ngati kuli kotheka, machitidwe akutali kwambiri zovuta zowonjezera.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali: a Kuchulukirachulukira komanso kuyanjana ndi anthu kumapangitsa kusiyana.

Komabe, kafukufukuyu ndi wowonera kwambiri: Imawonetsa mayanjano olimba, osati chifukwa chamunthu payekhaMizere yamtsogolo idzaphatikiza "mawotchi" a biobehavioral ndi zizindikiro zaubongo (neuroimaging/EEG) ndi epigenetics kuti adziwe njira.

Umboni womwe ulipo ukusonyeza kuti zinenero zambiri, makamaka pamene akuchitidwa mwachangu Ndipo kukhazikika, kumakhala ngati chinthu chotheka kulimbikitsa ukalamba wathanzi ku Europe ndi Spain, ndi kuthekera kolimbikitsa mfundo zamaphunziro ndi zaumoyo zomwe zimapezerapo mwayi panjira yatsiku ndi tsiku.