Dziwani zonse ndi njira zina za Wikipedia
Kufunafuna chidziwitso chodalirika komanso cholondola ndikofunikira kwa aliyense amene akufuna kuphunzira za mutu winawake. Ngakhale Wikipedia imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, pali njira zina zomwe zilipo kwa omwe akufunafuna njira ina yodalirika. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona njira zina za Wikipedia zomwe zimapereka njira zosiyanasiyana komanso zomwe zili zabwino.
1. Britannica Online Encyclopedia: Yodziwika kwambiri chifukwa chaulamuliro wake komanso kukhwima kwamaphunziro, Encyclopedia Britannica ndi njira yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo omwe akufuna chidziwitso cholondola, chapamwamba kwambiri. Katundu wake wokulirapo amakhala ndi mitu yambiri ndipo amapereka zambiri zofufuzidwa bwino komanso zaposachedwa.
2. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi filosofi ndi maphunziro okhudzana nawo, encyclopedia yapaintaneti iyi ndiye njira yabwino. Imayendetsedwa ndi akatswiri pantchitoyo, imapereka zolemba zolembedwa ndi akatswiri odziwika ndikuwunikiridwa ndi anzawo. Nkhani zake zonse komanso zofufuzidwa mozama zimatsimikizira zolondola komanso zodalirika.
3.Scholarpedia: Mosiyana ndi ma encyclopedia achikhalidwe, Scholarpedia idakhazikika pa mgwirizano ndi kuwunikira anzawo ndi akatswiri ophunzira. Pulatifomuyi imapereka njira yapadera kwambiri yomwe kulowa kulikonse kumawunikidwa nthawi zonse ndikusinthidwa ndi akatswiri omwe ali m'gawo lawo.
4. Zosungidwa pa intaneti: Mofanana ndi nkhokwe yaikulu ya chidziwitso, Internet Archive imakhala ndi mabuku ambiri, zithunzi, mawebusayiti, zojambulidwa ndi zina zambiri. Ndi njira yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo omwe akufunafuna mbiri yakale kapena kufufuza zochitika zakale. Ndi cholinga chosungira chidziwitso kwa mibadwo yamtsogolo, nsanjayi imapereka chidziwitso chofunikira.
5. Google Scholar: Chida chosayerekezeka ichi chimayang'ana kwambiri zolemba zamaphunziro ndi zasayansi. Google Scholar imapereka mwayi wopeza zofalitsa zowunikiridwa ndi anzawo osiyanasiyana, maphunziro, ndi kafukufuku. Kuonjezera apo, zimakupatsani mwayi wofufuza zomwe zalembedwa pa nkhani inayake, zomwe zingakhale zothandiza pofufuza mozama.
Kaya mukuchita kafukufuku wamaphunziro kapena mukungofuna kukulitsa chidziwitso chanuNjira zina za Wikipedia izi zitha kukuthandizani kupeza zolondola komanso zodalirika. Ngakhale Wikipedia idakali gwero lofunika la chidziwitso chambiri, kuganizira zosankha zina kungakupatseni malingaliro ochulukirapo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chidziwitso chanu chimachokera pa zodalirika komanso zotsimikizika.
- Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa Wikipedia ngati gwero lazidziwitso
Pali zabwino ndi zoyipa mukamagwiritsa ntchito Wikipedia ngati gwero lazidziwitso. Kumbali imodzi, imodzi mwa zazikulu ubwino kuchokera ku Wikipedia ndi yanu zambiri, popeza mungapeze nkhani pafupifupi pamutu uliwonse womwe mungaganizire. Komanso, kukhala a encyclopedia yogwirizana, ndizotheka kuti zolembazo zimasinthidwa pafupipafupi komanso zimakhala ndi maumboni ambiri.
Kumbali ina, chimodzi mwa zovuta kuchokera ku Wikipedia ndi yanu kusowa kukhulupirika. Popeza ndi nsanja yotsegulidwa kusinthidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense, pali kuthekera kuti zomwe zaperekedwa zitha kukhala zolakwika kapena zolakwika. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti Zolemba sizimawunikidwanso mokwanira monga momwe zilili ndi magwero ena odalirika.
Mwamwayi, alipo njira zina ku Wikipedia yomwe ingatsimikizire kudalirika kwachidziwitso. Zina mwa njirazi zikuphatikizapo ma encyclopedia a pa intaneti monga Britannica kapena Encarta, omwe nthawi zambiri amafufuzidwa ndikulembedwa ndi akatswiri m'magawo awo. Njira ina ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito nkhokwe zamaphunziro monga JSTOR kapena PubMed, zomwe zimapereka mwayi wopeza zolemba zambiri zasayansi zowunikiridwa ndi anzawo. Njira zina izi zimatsimikizira zolondola komanso zodalirika zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukhala ndi malingaliro athunthu komanso olondola pamutu wina.
- Njira zina za Wikipedia mu Spanish
Dziwani zonse pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina za Wikipedia
Ngakhale Wikipedia ndi gwero lodalirika komanso lodziwika bwino lazidziwitso, palinso zosankha zina mu Chisipanishi zomwe zimaperekanso zolondola komanso zathunthu zopezeka mu Wikipedia zitha kukhala zothandiza mukafuna kukulitsa chidziwitso chanu pamitu yosiyanasiyana ndikufuna kukhala ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Pansipa, tikuwonetsa njira zitatu zodziwika bwino:
1. Universal Encyclopedia yaulere mu Spanish
La Universal Encyclopedia yaulere mu Spanish (ELUE) ndi njira yofanana ndi Wikipedia, koma yokhala ndi gulu la akonzi odziyimira pawokha komanso osapindula. Njira ina iyi imadziwika ndi njira yake yothandizirana komanso filosofi yachidziwitso chaulere. Nkhani zake zili ndi mitu yambiri, kuyambira mbiri yakale ndi sayansi mpaka chikhalidwe ndi ndale. Kuphatikiza apo, ELUE ndi wodziyimira pawokha potsimikizira zambiri komanso kudzipereka kwake kusalowerera ndale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zodalirika komanso zodalirika.
2. EcuRed
EcuRed Ndi njira ina yosangalatsa ya Wikipedia mu Spanish. Wopangidwa ku Cuba, encyclopedia ya digito iyi imathandizidwa ndi dziko la Cuba ndipo cholinga chake chachikulu ndikulimbikitsa chikhalidwe, chidziwitso ndi zikhulupiriro za Cuban Revolution. Kudzera pa nsanja yake yapaintaneti, EcuRed imapereka zidziwitso zambiri, kuyambira mbiri yakale ndi zochitika zakale mpaka mitu yasayansi ndi zolemba. Zomwe zili mkati mwake zimadziwika ndi masomphenya aku Latin America ndi Caribbean.
3. Wikilanguage
Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi chinenero ndi galamalaWikilengua ndi njira yabwino kwambiri. Pulatifomuyi imayang'ana kwambiri pakuthetsa kukayikira, kupereka upangiri komanso kupereka chidziwitso cha Chisipanishi. Imakhudza mitu yoyambira masipelo ndi zizindikiro zopumira mpaka mitundu ya madera ndi kakulidwe ka zinenero. Wikilengua ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri kwa omwe akufuna kulemba molondola m'Chisipanishi komanso kwa omwe akufuna kudziwa zambiri za chilankhulocho.
Gwiritsani ntchito mwayiwu m'malo mwa Wikipedia m'Chisipanishi kuti mukulitse chidziwitso chanu ndikupeza malingaliro atsopano. Kumbukirani nthawi zonse kuyerekeza zambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito magwero angapo odalirika kuti mukhale ndi masomphenya athunthu komanso olondola amitu yomwe imakusangalatsani.
- Maencyclopedia a digito: a njira yodalirika pa kafukufuku
Ma encyclopedia a digito akhala njira yodalirika kwambiri kwa iwo omwe akufuna kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane komanso kolondola. Ngakhale Wikipedia ndi nsanja yodziwika bwino komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, pali njira zina zomwe zingapereke masomphenya apadera komanso okhwima pamitu ina. Ma encyclopedia a digitowa samangopereka zidziwitso zaposachedwa, komanso akuwonetsa zomwe zidalembedwa ndi akatswiri pagawo lililonse, zomwe zimakulitsa kudalirika kwawo.
Ubwino umodzi wa ma encyclopedia a digito ndi mitu yosiyanasiyana yomwe amalemba. Ngakhale Wikipedia imayang'ana kwambiri pakutolera zidziwitso pamutu uliwonse womwe ungaganizidwe, njira zina za digito zitha kuyang'ana mbali zina, monga sayansi, mbiri yakale, zaluso, kapena ukadaulo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito atha kupeza mwapadera kwambiri ndipo, chifukwa chake, zathunthu komanso zatsatanetsatane pazomwe amawakonda.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma encyclopedia a digito nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi njira zowunikira komanso zotsimikizira, zomwe zimatsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa zomwe zaperekedwa. Mosiyana ndi Wikipedia, pomwe zomwe zili zitha kusinthidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense, nsanja za digitozi zili ndi gulu la akatswiri omwe ali ndi udindo wowunika ndikuwongolera zomwe zili. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chokumana ndi chidziwitso cholakwika kapena cholakwika, kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito gwero lodalirika komanso lotetezeka la chidziwitso.
Pomaliza, ma encyclopedia a digito amapereka njira yodalirika komanso yolimba kwa iwo omwe akufuna chidziwitso cholondola komanso chatsatanetsatane pamitu yambiri yosiyanasiyana komanso kuunikanso kosalekeza kwa zomwe ali nazo ndi akatswiri zimatsimikizira kudalirika komanso kudalirika kwa zomwe zaperekedwa. Ngakhale Wikipedia ikadali gwero lodziwika bwino, ndikofunikira kulingalira njira zina izi kuti mupeze mawonekedwe apadera komanso aposachedwa pamagawo ena a kafukufuku. Kumbukirani kuti chidziwitso ndi mphamvu, ndipo kukhala ndi magwero odalirika n'kofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso cholimba ndi cholondola.
- Malaibulale a digito: kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso chamaphunziro
Malaibulale a digito ndi mwala wobisika m'dziko lalikulu lazambiri zamaphunziro. Ndi njira yodalirika komanso yolondola ya Wikipedia. malaibulalewa amapereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga ma e-mabuku, magazini asayansi, ndi zolemba zamaphunziro. Kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso chamaphunziro chopezeka m'malaibulale adijito awa sikungafanane.
Umodzi mwaubwino wogwiritsa ntchito malaibulale a digito ndikuti zomwe zili m'mabuku awo zimathandizidwa ndi akatswiri komanso owunikira maphunziro, kuwonetsetsa kuti ndizowona komanso zodalirika. Kuwonjezela apo, Ma library awa nthawi zambiri amapereka zida zapamwamba zofufuzira, kupangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupeza zolondola komanso zofunikira pa ntchito iliyonse yofufuza.
Chinthu china chodziwika bwino cha malaibulale a digito ndi chakuti lolani kupeza zinthu zomwe mwina zingakhale zodula kapena zovuta kuzipeza. Ambiri mwa malaibulalewa amapereka mwayi kwa ophunzira kwaulere kapena otsika mtengo, kuwapatsa mwayi wopeza zidziwitso zabwino popanda kuwononga ndalama zambiri. Komanso, Pokhala mumtundu wa digito, zothandizirazi zitha kupezeka paliponse komanso nthawi iliyonse.
- Mawebusayiti aku yunivesite: zodalirika ndi zosinthidwa
Mawebusaiti apayunivesite ndi odalirika komanso osinthika a chidziwitso omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa Wikipedia. Masambawa amathandizidwa ndi mabungwe ophunzitsidwa bwino ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi aphunzitsi apadera m'gawo lililonse lachidziwitso, zomwe zimatsimikizira mtundu ndi kulondola kwa zomwe amapereka. Kuphatikiza apo, mayunivesitewa amakonda kusintha zomwe ali nazo, kuwonetsetsa kuti zomwe mumapeza ndi zaposachedwa komanso zikuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa pamaphunziro aliwonse. Ngati mukuyang'ana chidziwitso cholondola komanso chokhazikika, mawebusaiti aku yunivesite ndi chida chabwino kwa inu.
Tikamalowera masamba awa, titha kupeza zambiri zofunikira komanso zenizeni pamitu yamaphunziro. Mayunivesite ambiri amapereka mwayi wopezeka ku malaibulale awo a digito, komwe mungapeze zolemba zasayansi, zofalitsa zapadera ndi malingaliro audokotala. Kuonjezera apo, nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo zinthu zophunzitsira monga zolemba za m'kalasi, zowonetsera ndi mavidiyo a msonkhano, zomwe zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri kwa ophunzira ndi ofufuza. Pokhala ndi chuma chochuluka chonchi, Mawebusayiti amayunivesite amakhala njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera zambiri zankhani zosiyanasiyana.
Kuphatikiza pa kupereka zidziwitso zamaphunziro, masamba awa Amaperekanso mwayi wopeza zothandiza ndi zothandizira kwa ophunzira. Mutha kupeza makalendala amaphunziro, ndandanda zamakalasi, mapulogalamu ophunzirira, kuyimba kwamaphunziro, zochitika zakunja ndi kulumikizana ndi maprofesa ndi ogwira ntchito. Popereka zosinthidwa ndi zonse, Masambawa amakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri kwa wophunzira aliyense waku yunivesite kapena munthu yemwe ali ndi chidwi ndi maphunziro. Musazengereze kufufuza mawebusayiti akuyunivesite ndikupeza zonse zomwe angakupatseni.
- Masamba apadera: kuyang'ana mozama pamitu inayake
Pali masamba ambiri apadera pa intaneti omwe amapereka mozama mitu yeniyeni, yopereka zambiri komanso zodalirika kuposa zomwe zimapezeka pa Wikipedia. Njira zina m'malo odziwika kwambiriencyclopedia pa intaneti ndizabwino kwa iwo omwe akufuna kukhala ndi chidziwitso chapadera m'dera linalake kapena mukufuna zambiri zolondola komanso zatsatanetsatane.
Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi Encyclopedia Britannica, imodzi mwa mabuku akale kwambiri komanso olemekezeka kwambiri padziko lonse. Encyclopedia yapaintaneti iyi imapereka chidziwitso chokwanira komanso chodalirika pamitu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mbiri, sayansi, zaluso, chikhalidwe, ndi zina zambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi mwayi woti zomwe zili mkati mwake zimawunikidwa nthawi zonse ndikusinthidwa ndi akatswiri pagawo lililonse, zomwe zimatsimikizira kulondola kwa zomwe zaperekedwa.
Chinthu china chodziwika bwino ndi Google Scholar, chida chomwe chimalola kufufuza mwapadera m'nkhani zamaphunziro, zolemba, mabuku ndi zina. Tsambali limayang'ana kwambiri kupereka mwayi wodziwa zambiri za sayansi mapangidwe apamwamba, makamaka mu gawo la maphunziro. Zotsatira zakusaka nthawi zambiri zimachokera ku malo odalirika, owunikidwa ndi anzawo, kuwonetsetsa kulondola komanso kudalirika kwa zomwe wapeza. Kuphatikiza apo, Google Scholar imapangitsa kuti kukhale kosavuta kusanthula maumboni ofunikira ndi maumboni amomwe mungapangire mabukhu, kukulolani kuti mufufuze mozama pamutu wina wake.
- Media: nkhani ndi malipoti osinthidwa
1. Ndemanga ndi kusanthula mwapadera: Ngati mukuyang'ana zambiri zatsatanetsatane komanso zolondola pamutu wina, makanema apadera ndi njira ina yabwino kwambiri yopangira Wikipedia. Mawebusaitiwa ndi zofalitsa zimayang'ana kwambiri pakufufuza, kusanthula ndi kufotokoza mozama za mitu yosiyanasiyana, kupereka katswiri ndi malingaliro atsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, amapereka ndemanga zopanda tsankho pazinthu zoyenera, ntchito, ndi zochitika. Mwanjira iyi, mutha kudalira zomwe mumapeza ndikupanga zisankho zanzeru pamitu yosiyanasiyana.
2. Nkhani munthawi yeniyeni: Makanema ndi njira yodalirika yopezera nkhani zaposachedwa komanso malipoti aposachedwa. Ngakhale Wikipedia ikhoza kukhala ndi zidziwitso zambiri za zomwe zidachitika m'mbuyomu, atolankhani amapereka nkhani pompopompo za zochitika zamakono ndi nkhani. Kaya mumakonda ndale, zamasewera, zaukadaulo, kapena nkhani ina iliyonse, mawayilesi amakudziwitsani zaposachedwa komanso zofunikira kwambiri.
3. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana: Mosiyana ndi Wikipedia, zoulutsira mawu zimapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yowonetsera zambiri. Mutha kupeza nkhani zolembedwa, malipoti amakanema, zoyankhulana za podcast ndi zina zambiri. Kusiyanasiyana kwamawonekedwe kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso m'njira yomwe imakuyenererani ndikukupatsani chidziwitso cholemeretsa. Kuonjezera apo, malo ena ofalitsa nkhani amakhalanso ndi zinthu zochititsa chidwi komanso zogawana nawo, monga zisankho ndi zokambirana za pa intaneti, zomwe zimakulolani kuti mukhale nawo pazokambirana ndikugawana maganizo anu.
- Malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi ma forum: zidziwitso zosiyanasiyana
The malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi mabwalo Zakhala gwero losatha lachidziwitso kwa iwo omwe akufunafuna deta ina kunjira zachikhalidwe. Ngakhale Wikipedia yakhala njira yotchuka kwambiri komanso yodalirika yopezera zambiri, ndizosangalatsa kufufuza njira zina zomwe zimatilola kupeza malingaliro osiyanasiyana.
Chimodzi mwazabwino kugwiritsa ntchito malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi mabwalo Ndi kusiyana kwa malingaliro ndi zochitika zomwe zingapezeke. Pa Wikipedia, zambiri zimangokhala zomwe akonzi amawona kuti ndizofunikira komanso zoona. pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi mabwalo, aliyense akhoza kugawana zomwe akudziwa komanso momwe amawonera pamutu wina wake.
Ubwino wina wogwiritsa ntchito njira izi ndi mwayi wolandila zambiri mu nthawi yeniyeni. Pomwe pa Wikipedia ndikofunikira kudikirira okonza kuti asinthe ndikutsimikizira zomwe zalembedwa, mu malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi ma forum titha kupeza zosinthidwa nthawi yomweyo. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka ngati tikufunafuna zambiri zokhudzana ndi zochitika zaposachedwa kapena nkhani.
- Mabulogu ndi malo ofotokozera: malingaliro apadera ndi kusanthula
M'zaka zachidziwitso, kufufuza zinthu zodalirika komanso zapadera ndizofunikira. Ngati mukuyang'ana njira zina za Wikipedia kuti mudziwe chilichonse, timapereka zosankha mabulogu ndi malo ofotokozera chopereka chimenecho malingaliro apadera ndi kusanthula. Magwerowa ndi abwino kwa iwo omwe akufunafuna njira yolongosoka komanso yolondola pamitu yosiyanasiyana. Musaphonye mwayi wopeza malingaliro atsopano!
Amodzi mwa malo oyamba muyenera kupitako ndi Asayansi aku America. Tsambali limadziwika bwino chifukwa cha nkhani zasayansi, zomwe zimakhala ndi mitu yambiri monga physics, biology, chemistry ndi zina. Apa mudzapeza malingaliro apadera ndi kusanthula akatswiri m'dera lililonse, kukulolani kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso chozama cha kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi kwaposachedwapa.
Chinthu china chamtengo wapatali ndi Nyuzipepala ya New York Times, nyuzipepala yotchuka padziko lonse. Gawo lanu malingaliro apadera ndi kusanthula imapereka mitu yosiyanasiyana, kuyambira pazandale ndi zachuma mpaka zaukadaulo ndi zaluso. Zolemba zimalembedwa ndi akatswiri otsogola komanso ophunzira, kuwonetsetsa kuti mumalandira zidziwitso zolondola komanso zodalirika.
- Momwe mungaphatikizire magwero osiyanasiyana kuti mupeze zidziwitso zolondola
Ngakhale Wikipedia ndi gwero lazidziwitso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, pali njira zina zomwe zingakupatseni chidziwitso cholondola komanso chodalirika. Mu positi iyi, tikuwonetsani momwe mungaphatikizire magwero osiyanasiyana kuti mupeze chidziwitso cholondola ndikulemeretsa chidziwitso chanu.
Onani malaibulale a digito ndi nkhokwe zapadera: Kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mwapeza kuchokera ku Wikipedia, mutha kupeza malaibulale apadera a digito ndi nkhokwe. Magwerowa amakulolani kukumba mozama mumitu yeniyeni ndikupeza zambiri zatsatanetsatane. Malaibulale a digito monga Google Books, JSTOR, kapena Project MUSE amapereka mabuku osiyanasiyana, zolemba zamaphunziro, ndi zofufuza. Kuphatikiza apo, mayunivesite ena ndi mabungwe akadaulo ali ndi nkhokwe zawo zomwe zili ndi chidziwitso chaposachedwa komanso chodalirika.
Onaninso zolemba zamaphunziro ndi zasayansi: Zofalitsa zamaphunziro ndi zasayansi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera zidziwitso zolondola komanso zamakono. Mutha kupeza zolemba zowunikiridwa ndi anzanu m'manyuzipepala monga Nature, Science kapena The Lancet. Zofalitsa izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ndondomeko yowunikira bwino yomwe imatsimikizira ubwino wa chidziwitso. Kuphatikiza apo, magazini ambiri asayansi amapereka mwayi wopeza zina mwazolemba zawo.
Gwiritsani ntchito zida zowunikira komanso kusanthula deta: Kuti mutsimikizire kulondola kwa chidziwitso, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira komanso kusanthula deta. Zida izi zimakupatsani mwayi wowona zowona za datayo ndikuwona zokondera kapena kusintha. Zosankha zina zodziwika ndi FactCheck.org, Snopes, kapena Google Lie Detector. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowonera deta, monga Tableau kapena Datawrapper, kusanthula ndikuyimira bwino zomwe mwapeza.
Ndine Sebastián Vidal, mainjiniya apakompyuta omwe amakonda ukadaulo komanso DIY. Komanso, ine ndine mlengi wa tecnobits.com, komwe ndimagawana nawo maphunziro kuti ukadaulo ukhale wofikirika komanso womveka kwa aliyense.