Kodi kupanga masewera?
Kupanga masewera itha kukhala njira yovuta koma yosangalatsa. Kuchokera pamalingaliro mpaka kupanga, kupanga, ndi kukhazikitsa, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe muyenera kuziganizira. tifufuza za njira zofunika kupanga masewera ndipo tidzapereka maupangiri othandiza ndi zitsogozo kwa iwo amene akufuna kupita kudziko losangalatsa lachitukuko chamasewera.
Asanayambe, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi lingaliro lomveka la mtundu wamasewera omwe mukufuna kupanga. Fotokozani mtundu ndi kalembedwe ka masewerawo Zidzakuthandizani kukhazikitsa chitsogozo chomveka bwino ndikupanga zisankho zokhazikika panthawi yachitukuko. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kukumbukira omvera omwe masewera anu akuwatsata, chifukwa izi zikhudza mapangidwe, zovuta, ndi zinthu zina zamasewerawa.
Gawo lotsatira ndi pangani ndi kukonza gulu lachitukuko. Kutengera kukula kwa pulojekiti yanu, mungafunike othandizira okhala ndi luso lapadera, monga opanga zithunzi, opanga mapulogalamu, oyimba, kapena olemba. Perekani maudindo ndikukhazikitsa kulumikizana kwamadzi pakati pa mamembala a gulu Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti chitukuko chikuyenda bwino komanso chinthu chomaliza.
Gulu lanu likakonzeka, nthawi yakwana kufotokozera zimango zamasewera. Izi zimaphatikizapo kupanga malamulo, maulamuliro, zolinga, ndi machitidwe a masewerawo. Pangani chitsanzo choyambirira zikhoza kukhala njira yabwino kuyesa ndi kukonza zimango patsogolo kupita patsogolo ndi chitukuko chonse. Gwiritsani ntchito zida za prototyping kuti bweretsani masewera anu kukhala amoyo mwachangu komanso mosavuta musanadzipereke ku kukhazikitsa kwake komaliza.
Mwachidule, pangani masewera imafuna kukonzekera bwino, a kutanthauzira momveka bwino kwa mtundu ndi kalembedwe, komanso kupanga gulu lachitukuko loyenera. Maziko awa akakhazikitsidwa, ndizotheka kulowa mu gawo losangalatsa la mapangidwe amasewera ndi mapulogalamu. Pitilizani ndikupanga masewera omwe mumawaganizira nthawi zonse!
1. Kulingalira zamasewera
Pali magawo angapo ofunika popanga masewera. Gawo loyamba, ndi kulingalira, ndiyofunikira chifukwa imakhazikitsa maziko ndi masomphenya amasewera. Munthawi imeneyi, zinthu zazikulu zimatanthauzidwa monga nkhania kalembedwe ndi zimango zamasewera. Kuti muchite izi, m'pofunika kuchita kafukufuku wokwanira pamtundu wa masewerawo ndikuzindikira mfundo zazikulu zomwe zidzasiyanitsa ndi maudindo ena omwe alipo.
Lingaliro la masewerawa litakhazikitsidwa, ndikofunikira kupanga zomasulira y mapangidwe amalingaliro kuti kuwona m'mene masewerawo adzawonekere ndi kusewera. Zolemba izi zitha kuphatikiza zolemba nkhani, zojambulajambula, mapangidwe amunthu y zokopa Mawonekedwe a ogwiritsa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuchita zoyeserera Panthawiyikuti muwunikiresewerolo ndikusintha zina zilizonse zomwe sizikuyenda bwino. Kuyesa ndi njira yopangira komanso yoyesera, choncho ndikofunikira kukhala okonzeka kusintha ndikusintha motengera zotsatira za mayeso.
Kamodzi conceptualization siteji yatha, ndi nthawi yoti pangani mapangidwe atsatanetsatane zamasewera. Izi zikuphatikizapo kulengedwa kwa Zolemba zaukadaulo zambiri zomwe zimafotokoza mbali zonse zamasewera, monga mapulogalamu zomangamangaa Zofunikira pa System ndi malamulo a masewera. Komanso, muyenera kupanga a ndondomeko yachitukuko zomwe zimakhazikitsa masiku omalizira ndi ntchito zenizeni za gawo lililonse la njira yopangira masewera. Kukonzekera kwatsatanetsatane kumapereka njira yolimba yopititsa patsogolo masewera ndikulola mamembala a gulu kuti azigwira ntchito moyenera komanso mogwirizana.
2. Kupanga ndi kukonza makina amasewera
Mu gawoli, tiwona dziko losangalatsa la kamangidwe kamasewera amasewera ndikukonzekera. Makina amasewera amatanthauza malamulo ndi machitidwe omwe amapanga masewerawo. zochitika zamasewera, kuchokera ku ulamuliro wa khalidwe mpaka momwe zovuta zimathetsedwera. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa momwe mungapangire ndikukonzekera zimango izi kuti muwonetsetse kuti masewerawa amakhala osangalatsa komanso oyenerera.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyamba pamasewerawa ndikutanthauzira zolinga zamasewera. Zolinga izi zitha kukhala zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira pamasewera osangalatsa komanso ovuta mpaka popereka uthenga kapena kuphunzitsa maluso enaake. Ndikofunika kumveketsa bwino za zolingazi kuyambira pachiyambi, chifukwa zidzakhudza zosankha zonse zotsatila.
Kenako, ndikofunikira kuzindikira ndikuwunika makina omwe alipo kale. Kuphunzira momwe masewera ena ofanana amagwirira ntchito kungatithandize kumvetsetsa zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino komanso zomwe zingawongoleredwe bwino izi sizitanthauza kukopera zimango mwachindunji, koma kuphunzira kuchokera kwa iwo ndikusintha kuti zigwirizane ndi masewera athu. Kupyolera mu kusanthula uku, tidzatha kuzindikira zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe tikufuna kuziphatikiza mu makina athu amasewera ndi momwe timafunira kuti azigwirizana.
Titakhazikitsa zolinga ndikusanthula zimango zomwe zilipo kale, titha kuyamba kupanga makina athu athu. Izi zikuphatikizapo kufotokozera malamulo oyambira, kuyanjana pakati pa zinthu masewera ndi njira zomwe zingatheke kupambana kapena kuluza. Ndikofunikira kubwereza komanso kufanizira panthawiyi kuti mupeze malire oyenera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti masewerawa amakhala osangalatsa komanso ovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, tiyenera kuganizira za kukongola ndi mawonekedwe amasewera, chifukwa ichi ndi gawo lamasewera onse.
Mwachidule, kamangidwe ndi kukonza kwamasewera amasewera ndizofunikira kwambiri popanga masewera opambana Pokhazikitsa zolinga zomveka bwino, kusanthula zimango zomwe zilipo kale, ndikupanga dongosolo lathu lathu, titha kuwonetsetsa kuti tili ndi masewera owoneka bwino komanso oyenera. kumbukirani kuyambitsa ndi kusintha malingaliro omwe alipo kupanga Masewera apadera komanso osangalatsa.
3. Kusankha nsanja yoyenera yachitukuko
Musanayambe kupanga masewera, chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi . Pulatifomu yomwe mumasankha idzatsimikizira zida ndi zinthu zomwe zidzakhalepo kwa inu panthawi yokonza masewera.
Pali nsanja zosiyanasiyana zamasewera zomwe zimapezeka pamsika, iliyonse ili ndi zabwino zake komanso zovuta zake. Njira yotchuka ndikugwiritsa ntchito injini yamasewera ngati Unity kapena Unreal Engine. Ma injiniwa ndi amphamvu ndipo amabwera ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana komanso chithandizo chamagulu. Komabe, angafunikenso njira yophunzirira kwa omwe sadziwa.
Njira ina ndikukulitsa masewerawo kuyambira pa chiyambi pogwiritsa ntchito chinenero monga C++ kapena Python. Izi zimakupatsani ulamuliro wathunthu pamasewera aliwonse, koma zitha kukhala zovuta komanso zowononga nthawi Musanasankhe kuti ndi nsanja iti yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri pamasewera anu, ndikofunikira kuganizira kukula kwamasewera, luso lanu lopanga mapulogalamu. ndi zothandizira zomwe zilipo.
4. Zithunzi ndi chitukuko cha mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito
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Mbali yofunika kwambiri pakupanga pangani masewera ndi iye. Zinthu ziwirizi ndizofunikira kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kwa osewera.
Pankhani ya zithunzi, ndikofunikira kupanga zithunzi zapamwamba zomwe zimakopa chidwi cha wosewera mpira ndikuwamiza m'dziko lamasewera. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apamwamba azithunzi monga Adobe Photoshop kapena Illustrator. Kupyolera mu mapulogalamuwa, zilembo, maziko ndi zinthu zowoneka zingathe kupangidwa mwatsatanetsatane komanso zenizeni.
The wosuta mawonekedwe, kumbali ina, imatanthawuza njira yomwe wosewera mpira amachitira ndi masewerawa Ndikofunikira kupanga mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito omwe amalola wosewera mpira kuti adutse mindandanda yamasewera, zosankha ndi zowongolera. .masewera m'njira yamadzimadzi komanso yosavuta kuti mukwaniritse izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida monga Adobe XD kapena Sketch, zomwe zimakulolani kuti mupange mawonekedwe ndikusintha mawonekedwe.
Mwachidule, ndi gawo lofunikira pakupanga masewera. Ndizofunikira pangani zithunzi zapamwamba zomwe zimakopa wosewera mpira, komanso kupanga a mawonekedwe apamwamba zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kuyendetsa masewerawa. Ndi mawonekedwe opangidwa bwino awa, osewera amatha kupatsidwa mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
5. Kukonza malingaliro amasewera
Kuti kupanga masewera, chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi . Gawoli likuphatikizapo kupanga ma aligorivimu ndikufotokozera malamulo omwe angatsimikizire momwe wosewerayo amakhalira. Pano tikukuwonetsani zina masitepe ofunika kupanga ndondomeko yamasewera anu:
1. Kapangidwe kamasewera: Musanayambe kupanga mapulogalamu, ndikofunikira kukonzekera kayendedwe ka masewerawo. Izi zikuphatikiza kufotokozera madera osiyanasiyana amasewera, monga the chophimba kunyumba, kusankha mulingo, masewera akulu komanso kutha kwamasewera. Dera lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi kusintha komveka bwino komanso koyenera, kulola osewera kuyendetsa masewerawa bwino komanso mogwirizana.
2. Kukhazikitsa malamulo amasewera: Mukangopanga mayendedwe amasewera, nthawi yakwana kukhazikitsa malamulo oyendetsera masewero. . Izi zikuphatikizapo kufotokozera m'mene wosewerayo amachitira ndi chilengedwe ndi zinthu zamasewera, komanso kukhazikitsa zikhalidwe zopambana kapena kugonja. munthu amasuntha, kudumpha ndikusonkhanitsa zinthu, komanso kufotokozera zomwe zimachitika munthu akagwa kapena kugundana ndi mdani.
3. Kuthetsa zolakwika ndi Kuyesa: Mukangokonza malingaliro amasewera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuthera nthawi debugging ndi kuyesa. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuzindikira ndi kukonza zolakwika, monga makhalidwe osayembekezeka amasewera kapena kulephera mu malamulo okhazikitsidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti masewerawa ndi achilungamo komanso oyenerera, kutanthauza kuti zovuta ndi mphotho ziyenera kukhala zoyenera kuti osewera azikhala ndi chidwi. Chitani mayeso ochulukirapo kuti muwonetsetse kuti masewerawa akugwira ntchito bwino zida zosiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe a skrini.
Kukonzekera kwamasewera kumatha kukhala njira yovuta, koma potsatira njira zazikuluzikuluzi mudzakhala panjira yopangira masewera osangalatsa komanso osangalatsa kwa osewera. Kumbukirani kuti tsatanetsatane ndi yofunika, kotero muyenera kuyang'anira kulondola kwa ma aligorivimu ndi kusasinthasintha kwa malamulo amasewera.
6. Kugwiritsa ntchito nzeru zamakono (AI) ndi masewera a masewera
Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwalola masewera apakanema amasiku ano. Izi zofunikira ndizofunika kuti mupange zochitika zenizeni komanso zozama zamasewera. AI ili ndi udindo wowongolera machitidwe a anthu osasewera (NPCs) mwawokha, kuwalola kuti azilumikizana ndi chilengedwe komanso wosewera mwanzeru. Kumbali ina, masewera a physics ndi omwe ali ndi udindo woyerekeza ndi kuwerengera kuyanjana pakati pa zinthu zomwe zili mu chilengedwe.
Kukhazikitsa nzeru zochita kupanga (AI) pamasewera itha kukhala njira yovuta komanso yovuta, koma ndikofunikira kuti mupange luso lapadera lamasewera. Kuti tichite izi, m'pofunika kufotokozera ndi kukonza makhalidwe a NPCs kuti zikhale zenizeni ndikuyankha mogwirizana ndi zochita za osewera. Izi zimaphatikizapo kupanga ma aligorivimu ndi machitidwe omwe amalola ma NPC kupanga zisankho, kukonza zochita, ndikusintha zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti AI itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kukonza masewero, monga kusintha zovuta zamasewera malinga ndi momwe wosewerayo akugwirira ntchito.
Ponena za fiziki yamasewerawa, ili ndi udindo wofanizira ndikuwerengera kuyanjana pakati pa zinthu zomwe zili m'malo owoneka bwino. Izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu monga mphamvu yokoka, kugundana, ndi kayendedwe ka zinthu ndi zokumana nazo zamasewera okhulupilika, chifukwa zimalola zinthu kuchita chimodzimodzi ndi momwe zingakhalire mdziko lenileni. Kukhazikitsa masewera olimbitsa thupi kungafunike kugwiritsa ntchito mainjini ena a fiziki, monga Box2D kapena PhysX, omwe amathandizira kuwerengera zochitika zakuthupi.
Mwachidule, ndi zinthu zofunika kupanga masewera ozama komanso owona. AI imalola ma NPC kuti azilumikizana mwanzeru ndi chilengedwe komanso osewera, pomwe masewera afizikiki amatsanzira ndikuwerengera momwe zinthu zilili. Zinthu zonsezi zimafunikira mapulogalamu apadera komanso ma algorithms kuti akwaniritse bwino. Pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje ndi injini zapadera, ndizotheka pangani masewera zowonjezereka komanso zosangalatsa.
7. Kuyesa ndi kukonza zolakwika
Kuti mupange masewera, ndikofunikira kuyesa kwambiri ndikukonza zolakwika zilizonse zomwe zapezeka. Mugawoli, momwe masewerawa amagwirira ntchito amawunikidwa ndipo zolakwika zomwe zingatheke zimazindikiridwa, pamasewera komanso pazithunzi kapena mawonekedwe ogwiritsa ntchito. Kuyesa kumatipatsa chitsimikizo cha mtundu wa masewerawa ndikupereka a luso lokwanira lamasewera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mayesero omwe angathe kuchitidwa mu ndondomeko ya chitukuko cha masewera. Chimodzi mwazofala kwambiri ndi mayeso amasewera, komwe kuseweredwa kwamasewera kumawunikidwa ndikuyesetsa kukonza luso la wosewera. Mayeso amachitidwanso ntchito, kuwonetsetsa kuti masewerawa akuyenda mwachangu komanso popanda zovuta zaukadaulo.
Kuphatikiza pa kuyesa, ndikofunikira kukonza zolakwika zilizonse zomwe zimapezeka panthawi yachitukuko. Kukonza zolakwika ndikofunikira kuti masewerawa agwire bwino ntchito komanso kupewa ngozi zomwe zingachitike.. Kuti mukwaniritse izi, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi dongosolo lowongolera zolakwika lomwe limakupatsani mwayi wozindikira ndikuthana ndi mavuto omwe amabwera panthawi yachitukuko chamasewera.
8. Kukhathamiritsa kwamasewera
Mukangopanga masewera anu, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti ikuyenda bwino popanda vuto lililonse. is chofunikira kwambiri popatsa osewera masewera osavuta komanso osasokoneza. Nazi njira zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kuti "muwongolere" machitidwe anu amasewera:
1. Kuchepetsa zojambula: Kuchulukitsitsa kwazithunzi kumatha kuchedwetsa kwambiri masewera anu. Kuti mupewe izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira zophatikizira zithunzi ndi mawonekedwe kuti muchepetse kukula kwawo popanda kukhudza mawonekedwe owoneka kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mopitilira muyeso zowonera ndi makanema ojambula ovuta omwe angachulukitse zida zamakina.
2. Kukhathamiritsa ma code: Khodi yanu yamasewera ikhoza kukhala imodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa kusachita bwino. Onetsetsani kuti mumagwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu ndi ma data kuti mupewe kuchedwa kosafunikira. Kuonjezera apo, imapewa malupu ndi ntchito zobwerezabwereza zomwe zingawononge chuma mosayenera. Lingaliraninso kugwiritsa ntchito zida zama mbiri kuti muzindikire ndikuwongolera zolepheretsa zomwe zingachitike.
3. Memory ndi kasamalidwe ka zinthu: Kusakumbukira bwino komanso kusamalidwa bwino kwa zida kumatha kusokoneza momwe masewera anu amagwirira ntchito. Onetsetsani kuti mwatulutsa bwino allocated memory kamodzi ikatha kuigwiritsa, potero kupewa kutayikira kwa memory. Mukatsitsa katundu, monga mitundu ya 3D kapena mafayilo amawu, onetsetsani kuti mwawongolera bwino ndikutsitsa kwawo kuti mukwaniritse bwino masewerawa.
9. Kusindikiza ndi kukwezedwa kwa masewerawa
Mukangomaliza pangani masewera anu, ndi nthawi yoganizira za inu kufalitsa ndi kukwezedwa. Kuti masewera anu athe kufikira osewera ambiri momwe mungathere, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi njira yabwino yotsatsira ndi kufalitsa. Apa tikusiyirani malingaliro kuti muthe kuchita izi bwinobwino:
1. Pangani kalavani yotsatsira: Kupanga kalavani yowoneka bwino komanso yosangalatsa yamasewera anu ndi njira imodzi yabwino yokopa chidwi cha osewera omwe angakhale nawo. Onetsetsani kuti kanema ikuwonetsa zofunika komanso kasewero zamasewerawa momveka bwino komanso mwachidule.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito malo ochezera: Malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndi chida champhamvu chofalitsira masewera anu. Pangani mbiri pamapulatifomu otchuka monga Facebook, Twitter ndi Instagram, ndikugawana nthawi zonse zokhudzana ndi masewera anu, monga pazenera, zowoneratu ndi nkhani zoyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, lumikizanani ndi gulu lanu la osewera poyankha ndemanga ndi mafunso.
3 Lumikizanani ndi olimbikitsa ndi zofalitsa zapadera:Osonkhezera ndi makanema otsogola pamasewera apakanema ali ndi mwayi waukulu komanso wodalirika pakati pa osewera. Dziwani zomwe zikugwirizana ndi masewera anu ndikulumikizana nawo kuti muwapatse kopi yaulere ndikupempha kuti awonedwe kapena machesi apompopompo.
10.Kusamalira ndikusintha kwamasewera
1. Kufunika kwa:
Kusamalira ndi kukonzanso masewera ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikuyenda bwino komanso kukopa osewera. Kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azikhala otanganidwa komanso okhutira, ndikofunikira kuphatikiza zosintha zatsopano, kukonza zolakwika, ndikuwonjezera zina pafupipafupi. Izi zimawonetsetsa kuti masewerawa azikhala amadzimadzi komanso akusintha mosalekeza, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti pakhale kufunikira komanso kupikisana pamsika wamasewera apakanema. Kusintha kosalekeza kumatithandizanso kukonza magwiridwe antchito, chitetezo, ndi zovuta zofananira ndi nsanja zatsopano, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kuti masewerawa apambane.
2. Kukonzekera ndi kuyang'anira kukonza ndi kukonzanso:
Kuti ntchitoyi ichitike bwino, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi dongosolo komanso kasamalidwe koyenera. . Izi zikuphatikizapo kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yosinthira nthawi zonse, kugawa zofunikira kuti zitheke kugwira ntchitozi, ndi kuyesa zambiri za khalidwe musanatulutse zosintha zilizonse. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuganizira malingaliro ndi malingaliro a osewera ndikusunga kulumikizana momasuka ndi gulu la osewera, chifukwa mayankho awo amatha kukhala ofunikira pakuzindikiritsa madera omwe angasinthidwe ndikuyika patsogolo zosintha zofunika.
3. Ubwino wakusintha kwa osewera:
Osewera amapindula mwachindunji ndi zosintha zamasewera. . Izi zingaphatikizepo kuwonjezera kwa milingo yatsopano, otchulidwa, mitundu yamasewera, zinthu kapena mawonekedwe omwe amalemeretsa zochitika zamasewera. Zosintha zimalolanso opanga kupanga kusintha kwamasewera, kuthetsa zolakwika, ndi kusanja mbali zamasewera kuti apereke zina mwachilungamo komanso zosangalatsa. Kuphatikiza apo, zosintha zomwe zakhazikitsidwa bwino zitha kutsitsimutsa masewera, kukopa osewera atsopano, ndikupangitsa gulu kukhala lotanganidwa komanso lotanganidwa. Pamapeto pake, kukonza masewera ndi kukonzanso ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti mupatse osewera mwayi wabwino ndikuwonetsetsa kuti masewerawa atalika pamsika wampikisano. ya mavidiyo.
Ndine Sebastián Vidal, mainjiniya apakompyuta omwe amakonda ukadaulo komanso DIY. Komanso, ine ndine mlengi wa tecnobits.com, komwe ndimagawana nawo maphunziro kuti ukadaulo ukhale wofikirika komanso womveka kwa aliyense.