Kusunga ndi kutumiza mafayilo akuluakulu sikungafanane popanda kukakamiza ndi mapulogalamu. Chifukwa cha zida izi, ndizotheka kuzichepetsa mpaka ma gigabytes ochepa kapena ma megabytes kuti asungidwe mosavuta komanso osavuta kapena kutumiza. Koma ndi bwino psinjika mtundu kukopera ndi kutumiza? Mu positi iyi, tikufanizira atatu: ZIP vs 7Z vs ZSTD ndipo tidzakuuzani pamene imodzi kapena ina ili yabwino..
Kusankha mtundu wabwino kwambiri wokopera ndi kutumiza
Kuchepetsa kukula kwa mafayilo a digito ndikofunikira mukasunga kapena kugawana nawo. Izi ndizotheka chifukwa cha compression, njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu deta yamagulu m'mawu ake ochepa kwambiriZotsatira zake ndi fayilo yaing'ono kwambiri kuposa yoyamba, yomwe imalola kuti itumizidwe mosavuta ndi makalata kapena njira zina, kapena kusungidwa popanda kutenga malo ochuluka.
Mafayilo angapo amitundu yosiyanasiyana amatha kupanikizidwa kukhala fayilo imodzi yokhala ndi mtundu umodzi. Kumene, Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya compression, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake.. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunika kudziwa momwe mungasankhire bwino psinjika mtundu kukopera ndi kutumiza.
Kuyenera kudziŵika kuti psinjika akamagwiritsa osati bwanji saizi yomaliza ya fayilo. Zimatsimikiziranso za kugwirizana ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana, komanso liwiro ndi khalidwe la psinjika ndi decompressionEna psinjika akamagwiritsa amaonekera liwiro lawo; ena chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwawo. Mitundu itatu mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri yomwe tifanizira mu positiyi: ZIP vs. Z7 vs. ZSTD.
ZIP: Universal Standard
Kukuthandizani kusankha yabwino psinjika mtundu kukopera ndi kutumiza, tiyeni tiyambe yakale kwambiri: ZIPYopangidwa mu 1989 ndi Phil Katz, idakhala muyeso wogawana mafayilo oponderezedwa. Ndi zaka zambiri, ndi njira yodziwika bwino kwambiri komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Phindu
Ubwino wake waukulu ndi kugwirizana yomwe ili ndi: Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS… Makina onse amakono amatha kutsegula mafayilo a ZIP popanda pulogalamu ina iliyonse. Chifukwa chake, ngati mutumiza fayilo mwanjira iyi, mutha kukhala otsimikiza 99,9% kuti wolandila azitha kutsegula.
Mfundo ina yabwino ndi yakuti ZIP compresses aliyense wapamwamba mkati chidebe palokhaKodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Ngati zolemba zomaliza zawonongeka, ndizotheka kusunga mafayilo osawonongeka mkati mwake. Pazifukwa zomwezi, ZIP imakupatsani mwayi wochotsa mafayilo aliwonse osatsegula phukusi lonse.
Zofooka
Ubwino waukulu wa mtundu wa ZIP ndiwonso kufooka kwake kwakukulu: chifukwa ndi yakale, imagwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms ocheperako. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mafayilo omaliza ndi okulirapo kuposa omwe angapezeke pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono. Kuphatikiza apo, mtundu wamba wa ZIP imathandizira mafayilo mpaka 4 GB, popeza imagwiritsa ntchito ma adilesi a 32-bit. Kuti muchepetse mafayilo akulu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wake "wamakono", ZIP6.
Kodi ZIP ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yokopera ndi kutumiza?
- Mtundu wa ZIP ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri ngati mumasamala kwambiri wolandira akhoza kutsegula wapamwamba mosavuta.
- Ndi abwino kwa kutumiza zikalata, zowonetsera kapena zithunzi zingapo kudzera pa imelo.
- Zimagwiranso ntchito makope kapena zosunga zobwezeretsera, malinga ngati malo osungira si nkhani yovuta.
- Komabe, ngati mukuyang'ana ma compression ambiri ndi zida zapamwamba, yesani njira zake.
7Z: Kupanikizika kwakukulu komanso kusinthasintha
Ngati mukuyang'ana mtundu wabwino kwambiri wokopera ndi kutumiza, mungakhale wanzeru kuyang'ana mtundu wa 7Z. Izi ndi mtundu wamba wa pulogalamu yaulere komanso yotseguka 7-ZIP, yokonzedwa ndi Igor Pavlov mu 1999. N’chifukwa chiyani ili yodziwika bwino? Chifukwa imagwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu amakono komanso ankhanza, odziwika kwambiri ndi LZMA2. Tiyeni tione ubwino ndi kuipa kwake.
Phindu
Ubwino waukulu wa 7Z ndikuti umapereka chiŵerengero chapamwamba cha psinjika. Nthawi zambiri, 7Z yokhala ndi LZMA2 imapanga mafayilo pakati pa 30% ndi 70% ang'onoang'ono kuposa ZIPUwu ndi mwayi waukulu ngati mukusunga deta yambiri ndipo mukufuna kusunga malo osungira.
Ubwino wina wa 7Z ndikuti umapereka zosankha zapamwamba, monga psinjika olimba, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopeza mafayilo ang'onoang'ono othinikizidwa. Ilinso ndi chithandizo cha mafayilo akuluakulu, zosankha zachitetezo monga AES-256 encryption, ndi chithandizo cha ma algorithms angapo a compression (BZip2, PPMd ndi ena).
Zofooka
Kwenikweni, 7Z ili ndi malire akulu awiri. Mbali inayi, Makina ogwiritsira ntchito alibe chithandizo chamtundu wamtundu wa 7Z. Mwanjira ina, wolandila adzafunika kukhazikitsa pulogalamu ngati 7-Zip kapena imodzi mwa njira zake kutsegula fayilo.
Choyipa china ndi chakuti mtundu wamtunduwu imafunikira nthawi yochulukirapo komanso zothandizira pakuponderezana ndi kupsinjika. Ndi zomveka, popeza ndi mmodzi wa amphamvu kwambiri kuchepetsa wapamwamba kukula. Komabe, pamakompyuta akale kapena omwe ali ndi zinthu zochepa, izi zitha kukhala vuto.
Kodi 7Z ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yokopera ndi kutumiza?
- Kwa makope ndi abwino, makamaka ngati muli ndi malo ochepa kusunga.
- Ndi njira yabwino ngati mukufuna kuteteza deta yanu ndi encryption.
- Zabwino potumiza mafayilo bola wolandila akudziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mawonekedwe.
ZSTD (Zstandard): Yamakono komanso yachangu
ZSTD (Zstandard) sangakhale yabwino psinjika mtundu kukopera ndi kutumiza, koma pafupi. Wobwera kumene uyu adapangidwa ndi Facebook (tsopano Meta) mu 2015. Si mtundu wa chidebe, ngati ZIP kapena 7Z, koma ndi algorithm yophatikizira. Chifukwa chake, sizimangokulolani kupanga phukusi (.tar), komanso zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi zida zina zapaintaneti, monga ma seva, ma data, kapena zosunga zobwezeretsera zokha.
Phindu
Mfundo yamphamvu kwambiri ya ZSTD ndi yake hellish liwiro, makamaka kwa decompression. Itha kumasula deta pa liwiro la gigabytes pamphindikati, mwachangu kwambiri kuposa ZIP kapena 7Z.
Pa psinjika mulingo, ZSTD imatha kupeza ziwerengero pafupi kwambiri ndi 7Z, komanso kuthamanga kwambiri. Komanso amakulolani kusankha psinjika liwiro kuika patsogolo kukhulupirika kwa deta.
Zofooka
Pokhala chatsopano kwambiri, ili ndi a kuyanjana kochepa kwambiri kuposa wina aliyense. M'malo mwake, ili ndi chithandizo chabwinoko pa Linux kuposa pa Windows ndi macOS, pomwe mapulogalamu apadera kapena mizere yamalamulo imafunikira kuti iziwongolera. Pazifukwa zomwezo, zili choncho osati mwachilengedwe kwa ogwiritsa ntchito wamba.
Kodi ZSTD ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yokopera ndi kutumiza?
- Ngati mukuyang'ana kwambiri liwiro, ZSTD ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yokopera ndi kutumiza.
- Zabwino pothandizira ma seva kapena database.
- Zabwino kwa kugawa mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu.
- Njira yabwino kwambiri yophatikizira mwachangu komanso kutsitsa m'malo otukuka.
Kuyambira ndili wamng'ono ndakhala ndikufunitsitsa kudziwa zonse zokhudzana ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi zamakono, makamaka zomwe zimapangitsa moyo wathu kukhala wosavuta komanso wosangalatsa. Ndimakonda kukhala ndi chidziwitso ndi zomwe zachitika posachedwa, ndikugawana zomwe ndakumana nazo, malingaliro ndi malangizo okhudza zida ndi zida zomwe ndimagwiritsa ntchito. Izi zidandipangitsa kuti ndikhale wolemba pa intaneti zaka zopitilira zisanu zapitazo, ndikungoyang'ana kwambiri zida za Android ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito Windows. Ndaphunzira kufotokoza m’mawu osavuta zinthu zovuta kuti owerenga anga kuzimvetsa mosavuta.