Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ExifTool kuchotsa metadata yonse pafayilo iliyonse

Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi zinsinsi za zithunzi zanu, mukufuna kupanga masauzande azithunzi mwachangu, kapena muyenera kusanthula momwe fayilo imayambira bwino, ExifTool ndiye yankho. Chida ichi cha mzere wolamula chimakupatsani mwayi werengani, sinthani, lembani ndikusintha ntchito ndi metadata m'mapangidwe osawerengeka m'njira yodalirika komanso yosinthika kwambiri.

M'mizere yotsatirayi, mupeza kuti ExifTool ndi chiyani, imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji, momwe mungayikitsire pa Linux, komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito malamulo ake othandiza kwambiri pantchito zenizeni padziko lapansi monga kuchotsa tizithunzi tating'onoting'ono, kupeza ma GPS ogwirizanitsa, kuchotsa metadata yodziwika bwino, kusinthidwanso pofika tsiku, komanso ngakhale kupeza zithunzi zopangidwa ndi AI.

Kodi ExifTool ndi chiyani?

ExifTool ndi chida cholamula cholembedwa ku Perl ndi Phil Harvey (choyamba kusindikizidwa mu 2003) muyezo wa de facto wogwira ntchito ndi metadata. Chidachi chimadziwika chifukwa chogwirizana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma metadata ndi ziwembu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwa onse ogwiritsa ntchito novice komanso akatswiri pazithunzi, cybersecurity, ndi forensics zamakompyuta.

Uno de sus grandes atractivos es el Kuthandizira kwa ma tag opitilira 23.000 amagulu opitilira 130, otha kufotokozera ma tag. Kuphatikiza pa kuwerengera deta, mukhoza kulemba zosintha zoyendetsedwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mikhalidwe, ndikuchita zosinthika zovuta popanda kufunikira kopanga zolemba zamakono.

ExifTool ndi software libre y de código abierto, ndi malo ake omwe akupezeka pa GitHub ndi gulu logwira ntchito lomwe limayankha mafunso pabwalo lomwe Phil Harvey mwiniwake amatenga nawo mbali. Izi zimatsimikizira zolemba zaposachedwa, zitsanzo zothandiza, komanso kusinthika kosalekeza kwa chida kuti chizolowerane ndi mawonekedwe atsopano ndi zochitika zogwiritsiridwa ntchito.

Metadata ndi ma tag: mfundo zazikuluzikulu

Kugwiritsa ntchito ExifTool ndikofunikira kumvetsa chimene iwo ali metadata: Zambiri zomwe zili m'mafayilo (zithunzi, makanema, zolemba) zomwe sizikuwoneka mosavuta. Izi zimasanjidwa m'ma tag, omwe ali awiriawiri amtengo wapatali, ndipo amafotokoza mbali zina za fayilo, monga komwe idachokera, chipangizocho, deti, kapena masinthidwe aukadaulo.

Tiyerekeze kuti mukujambula chithunzi ndi foni yanu yam'manja: Kuphatikiza pa chithunzicho, ma tag amasungidwa monga momwe chipangizocho chimapangidwira ndi chitsanzo, tsiku ndi nthawi yojambulidwa, zoikamo za kamera (kabowo, ISO, kung'anima), komanso malo a GPS ngati athandizidwa. Ma tag ambiri ali ndi zodziwikiratu (monga ma flash modes), kuwalola kuti azitanthauziridwa mosasintha pazida zonse.

Ndi ExifTool ndizotheka Tingafinye zothandiza kwambiri deta monga fecha de creación o modificación, malo ozungulira maloiye zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito o los kuwombera magawondipo ngakhale mawu ophatikizidwa muzithunzi ndi makanema como títulos o descripciones. Patsamba lovomerezeka la ExifTool, mupeza mndandanda wathunthu wama tag omwe amapezeka pamtundu uliwonse, womwe ndi wofunikira mukafuna gawo linalake.

 

Kodi ExifTool imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?

Chida chimawala mkati zigawo zikuluzikulu zitatu: chotsa, sinthani, ndi kulemba metadata m'mitundu yonse ya mafayilo. Izi zimamasulira kukhala ntchito zothandiza monga kutsimikizira kutsimikizika kwa chithunzi, kudziwa komwe chidatengedwa, kuzindikira kamera, kukonza magawo olakwika, kapena kuwonjezera zidziwitso zoyenera (kulemba, kukopera, mafotokozedwe).

Ndiwofunikanso kwa kupanga ndi kusunga ntchito: Ndi lamulo limodzi, mutha kugawa zithunzi ndi chaka ndi mwezi, kapena kuzitcha dzina ndi tsiku ndi nthawi yojambulidwa mosasinthasintha. M'malo otetezeka komanso azachipatala, ExifTool imathandizira kusanthula zaukadaulo ndipo imatha kutenga nawo gawo pazoyeserera za steganography (mwachitsanzo, zovuta zamtundu wa Borazuwarah pamapulatifomu a labotale).

Si te mueves Pa Windows, ExifTool imagwirizana bwino ndi zida zina. Palinso ziwonetsero zomwe zimachotsa metadata m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana pophatikiza zida zofananira zotsatira ndikutsimikizira zomwe zapeza.

Kuyika pa Kali Linux ndi magawo ena

Mu zotengera za Kali Linux ndi Debian/Ubuntu, kukhazikitsa kuchokera ku nkhokwe ndikosavuta. kukonzanso ma index index ndiyeno yambitsani pulogalamuyo:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install exiftool

Pa magawo ena a Ubuntu/Debian, exiftool itha kugawidwanso pansi pa Perl phukusi libimage-exiftool-perl. Ngati mukufuna, yikani paketiyo mwachindunji:

sudo apt install libimage-exiftool-perl

Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi mtundu wamalo ovomerezeka, mutha kufananiza pulojekitiyi ndikuyiyesa ndi fayilo yophatikizidwa. Nazi njira zoyambira:

git clone https://github.com/exiftool/exiftool.git
cd exiftool
./exiftool t/images/ExifTool.jpg

Njira ina ndikutsitsa phukusi kuchokera ku SourceForge, kuitsegula, ndikuyendetsa mwachindunji, kapena kuiphatikiza kuti muyike pakompyuta yanu. Mwachitsanzo:

wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/exiftool/files/Image-ExifTool-12.16.tar.gz
tar xvf Image-ExifTool-12.16.tar.gz
cd Image-ExifTool-12.16
./exiftool t/images/ExifTool.jpg

Pakuyika kwapadziko lonse lapansi, kumbukirani kuti ExifTool idalembedwa ku Perl, chifukwa chake mudzafunika Perl ndi zida zomangira. Kuthamanga kodziwika bwino kudzakhala:

perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
sudo make install

Kuyamba: Kuwerenga Metadata mu Sekondi

Kulemba metadata yonse ya fayilo, mophweka thamangani ExifTool yotsatiridwa ndi dzina la fayilo. Ndi poyambira kumvetsetsa zomwe mumayika muzithunzi zanu:

exiftool imagen.jpg

Ngati mukufuna kuwona zozindikiritsa ndi zilembo mu hexadecimal notation, onjezani -H modifier. Ndizothandiza popanga ma tag enieni kapena kufananiza ndi zolemba zaukadaulo:

exiftool -H imagen.jpg

Kuti mumve chidule cha ma tag omwe amapezeka kwambiri popanda kukuchulutsani ndi mndandanda wathunthu, ExifTool imapereka njira yachidule - common. Mwanjira iyi mumayang'ana kwambiri zofunika pakuyamba:

 

exiftool --common imagen.jpg

Mukafuna kuwona zomwe zikuchitika "pansi pa hood" pakujambula, yambitsani verbose mode ndi -v. Mudzawona sitepe iliyonse yomwe chida chimatenga komanso momwe chimamasulira fayilo:

exiftool -v imagen.jpg

Chotsani tizithunzi ndi zowoneratu

Makamera ambiri ndi mafoni amalumikiza a chithunzithunzi (PreviewImage) kapena thumbnail (ThumbnailImage) mkati mwa fayilo yokha, ndi ExifTool imatha kuwachotsa mosavuta. Pazinthu za binary ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito -b (binary):

exiftool -b -PreviewImage CSM30803.CR2 > vista.jpg
exiftool -b -ThumbnailImage CSM30803.CR2 > miniatura.jpg

Redirector> imasunga zomwe zatulutsidwa ku fayilo yatsopano, yabwino kuyang'ana mwachangu kupanga kapena kupanga zowonera popanda kutsegula fayilo ya RAW. Kumbukirani kuti zithunzi zophatikizidwazi zitha kukhala zocheperako kuposa zoyambirira.

GPS Coordinates ndi Zazinsinsi

Mukadakhala ndi GPS yogwira ntchito pojambula chithunzi, Ma coordinates nthawi zambiri amalembedwa mu metadata, yomwe ndi yabwino kukumbukira malo koma imakhala yodziwika bwino pazinsinsi. Njira yachangu yowapeza pamtundu wa Unix ndikusefa zomwe zatuluka ndi grep:

exiftool <nombre_archivo> | grep GPS

Ndi zikhalidwe izi (latitude ndi longitude), mutha kuziyika mwachindunji pa Google Maps kuti mupeze pafupifupi komwe kujambulako. Ngati mugawana zithunzi pagulu, ganizirani kukonza mfundozo kuti musaulule komwe muli kapena anthu ena.

Sinthani, sungani, ndi kufufuta metadata mosamala

Kusintha minda ndikosavuta monga onetsani chizindikiro ndi mtengo watsopanoExifTool isintha fayiloyo, kulemekeza ma tag otetezedwa. Mwachitsanzo, kuti muyike mawu olembera kapena zolemba, mutha kuchita izi:

exiftool -Comment="Hackwise Alert" imagen.jpg

Ngati mukufuna kuchotsa metadata (mwachinsinsi, mwachitsanzo), The -all= modifier imachotsa ma tag ambiri, kusiya zomwe ndizofunikira kapena zotetezedwa ndi mtunduwo. Gwiritsani ntchito mosamala, makamaka pazoyambira:

exiftool -all= imagen.jpg

Pamene muyenera kusunga mbiri, mukhoza Tayani zotuluka za ExifTool ku fayilo yolemba kuti mufotokozere mtsogolo kapena kugawana ndi mnzanu. Ndi ntchito yabwino yowerengera:

exiftool imagen.jpg > meta-data.txt
cat meta-data.txt

Bungwe ndi kusintha mayina ambiri

Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za ExifTool ndi yambitsani bungwe: koperani kapena kusuntha zithunzi kuzikwatu chaka ndi mwezi kutengera awo fecha de creaciónChitsanzochi chimapanga ./newimage/YEAR/YEARS chochokera ku ./oldimage:

exiftool -o '-Directory<CreateDate' -d ./newimage/%y/%y%m -r ./oldimage

Muthanso kutchulanso tsiku ndi nthawi yojambula ndi njira yofananira (yoyenera ma studio, media, kapena ojambula zochitika). Lamuloli likugwiritsa ntchito mayina mumtundu wa YYMMDD-HHMMSS ndi manambala owonjezera ngati pachitika kugundana:

exiftool '-filename<CreateDate' -d %y%m%d-%H%M%S%%-03.c.%%e -r ./imagepath

Zosintha za -d zimakulolani kutero sinthani dzinalo momwe mukufunira, ndikuphatikiza ndi -r (recursive) mumaphimba mafoda ang'onoang'ono popanda kubwereza ntchito. Pambuyo poyesa koyambirira kwa makope, mudzakhala ndi kuyenderera kolimba kwa malaibulale akulu.

Mastering ExifTool imakupatsani gawo limodzi patsogolo pankhani yoteteza zinsinsi zanu., zolemba zolemba, umboni wofufuza, kapena kukonza mafayilo amwazikana: ndi malamulo ochepa omveka bwino, mukhoza kuwerenga, kusintha, ndi automate ntchito zovuta, kuchotsa tizithunzi tating'onoting'ono ndikugwirizanitsa, kuzindikira zomwe zingatheke za AI, ndipo, koposa zonse, gwiritsani ntchito metadata mosamala komanso mogwira mtima.