Kodi kukhazikitsa MySQL?

Kodi kukhazikitsa MySQL?

MySQL ndi njira yolumikizirana ndi database, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pakukonza mapulogalamu ndi machitidwe. Kuyika kwake ndi gawo lofunikira kuti muthe kugwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe antchito onse operekedwa ndi pulogalamu yamphamvuyi. M'nkhaniyi, tikuwonetsani Pang'onopang'ono momwe mungayikitsire MySQL⁣ pa yanu machitidwe opangira, kotero mutha kuyamba kugwira nawo ntchito m'njira yothandiza ndi otetezeka.

Zofunika

Musanayambe kukhazikitsa MySQL, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti zofunikira zikukwaniritsidwa. Zofunikira izi zitha kusiyanasiyana kutengera opaleshoni, kotero ndikofunikira kuti mufufuze zomwe zikugwirizana ndi malo anu otukuka. Zina mwazofunikira kwambiri ndizo: kukhala ndi malo okwanira a disk, kukhala ndi maudindo otsogolera, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti palibe mikangano ndi mapulogalamu ena oyendetsa kapena ntchito.

Kutsitsa MySQL

Gawo loyamba loyika MySQL ndikutsitsa fayilo yofananira. Iyi ndi ntchito yosavuta yomwe ingachitike kuchokera patsamba lovomerezeka la MySQL. Mukafika pamalowo, yang'anani gawo lotsitsa ndikusankha mtundu womwe umagwirizana ndi zosowa zanu. Kumbukirani kusankha mtundu womwe umagwirizana ndi makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito, kaya Windows, Mac kapena Linux.

Kuyika pa Windows

Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito Windows, kukhazikitsa MySQL ndikosavuta. Mwachidule kuthamanga dawunilodi unsembe wapamwamba ndi kutsatira malangizo khwekhwe mfiti. Panthawiyi, mudzafunsidwa kuti muvomereze zigwirizano za layisensi, sankhani mtundu wa kukhazikitsa (izi zikhoza kukhala zonse kapena kuyika mwambo), ikani mawu achinsinsi kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, ndikukonzekera zokonda za seva. Masitepewa akamaliza, kukhazikitsa kumakhala kokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuyika pa Mac ndi Linux

Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito Mac kapena Linux, kukhazikitsa MySQL ndi njira yosavuta machitidwe opangira, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito oyang'anira phukusi ngati Homebrew kukhazikitsa MySQL ndi lamulo limodzi. Mukungoyenera kutsegula ⁤terminal ndikulowetsa lamulo lolingana ndi woyang'anira phukusi lomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito. Mukayika, mutha kukonza seva ndi mawu achinsinsi ogwiritsira ntchito potsatira njira zomwezo monga Windows.

Mwachidule, kukhazikitsa MySQL ndi njira yofunikira kuti muyambe kugwiritsa ntchito chida champhamvuchi pakuwongolera ma database ndi mapulogalamu. Potsatira ndondomeko zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi, mudzatha kukhazikitsa MySQL pa makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mbali zake zonse. Osadikiriranso ndikuyamba kusangalala ndi zabwino zomwe MySQL imapereka!

1. Kukonzekera kukhazikitsa MySQL

Musanayambe kukhazikitsa MySQL, ndikofunikira⁢ kupanga zokonzekera kuti muwonetsetse kuti njira yabwino komanso yopambana. Pansipa pali mndandanda wa ntchito zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa:

1. Onani Zofunikira pa System: Musanayike MySQL, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti seva ikukwaniritsa⁤ zofunikira. Izi zikuphatikiza kuyang'ana mtundu wa opareshoni, kupezeka kwa zida zofunika, ndi mphamvu yosungira. Zinthu zina monga RAM ndi bandwidth ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa kuti zitsimikizire kugwira ntchito bwino.

2. Tsitsani⁢ phukusi loyika: Zofunikira zamakina zikatsimikiziridwa, muyenera kupitiliza kutsitsa phukusi la MySQL kuchokera patsamba lovomerezeka. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito Windows, muyenera kutsitsa fayilo yoyika ya Windows.

3. Pangani kopi yosunga zobwezeretsera: Pamaso kuchita unsembe uliwonse kapena kasinthidwe, izo kwambiri analimbikitsa kuchita a kusunga deta zonse zofunika ndi zoikamo. Izi zidzaonetsetsa kuti pakakhala vuto lililonse kapena kutayika kwa chidziwitso panthawi ya kukhazikitsa, zitha kubwezeretsedwanso. Ndibwino kuti musunge ⁤zosunga izi pamalo otetezeka komanso opezeka.

Kukonzekera koyenera musanayambe⁢ kuyika kwa MySQL kudzaonetsetsa kuti ndondomekoyo ikuyenda bwino komanso popanda zovuta. Zofunikira zonse zikatsimikiziridwa, phukusi loyika lidatsitsidwa ndipo zosunga zobwezeretsera zapangidwa, mwakonzeka kupitiliza kukhazikitsa MySQL pa seva.

2. Tsitsani MySQL kuchokera patsamba lovomerezeka

MySQL ndi njira yolumikizirana ndi database komanso imodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri pamsika masiku ano. Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito MySQL, chinthu choyamba muyenera kuchita ndikutsitsa patsamba lovomerezeka. Iyi ⁤ndi njira yotetezeka komanso yodalirika ⁢yopezera pulogalamuyo. Mu positi iyi, ndikufotokozerani inu pang'onopang'ono momwe mungachitire.

1. Pezani tsamba lovomerezeka la MySQL: Kuti muyambe, tsegulani msakatuli wanu ndi ⁤kupita patsamba lovomerezeka la MySQL pa www.mysql.com. Onetsetsani kuti muli m'gawo lotsitsa, komwe mungapeze mitundu yomwe ilipo ya pulogalamuyo.

2.⁢ Sankhani makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito: Patsamba lotsitsa, muwona mndandanda wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakina opangira. Sankhani yomwe ikugwirizana ndi makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito Windows, dinani kutsitsa kwa Windows.

3. Tsitsani fayilo yoyika: Mukasankha makina anu ogwiritsira ntchito, mudzatumizidwa kutsamba kuti mutsitse fayilo yoyika. Dinani batani lotsitsa kuti muyambe kutsitsa. Kutengera ndi intaneti yanu, izi zitha kutenga mphindi zingapo. Kutsitsa kukamaliza, mudzakhala ndi fayilo yoyika MySQL pa kompyuta yanu.

3. Kusankha opareshoni yoyenera kukhazikitsa

Kusankha makina ogwiritsira ntchito oyenera ndikofunikira pakuyika MySQL. Kutengera zosowa ndi zofunikira za wogwiritsa ntchito, zosankha zosiyanasiyana ziyenera kuganiziridwa. M'munsimu muli mfundo zofunika kukumbukira posankha opaleshoni dongosolo:

Kugwirizana kwa MySQL: Makina Ogwiritsira Ntchito Iyenera kukhala yogwirizana ndi mtundu wa MySQL womwe mukufuna kukhazikitsa. Ndikofunika kuwunikanso mndandanda wamakina othandizira operekedwa ndi MySQL kuti muwonetsetse kuti kuyikako kukuyenda bwino.

Kukhazikika ndi chitetezo: Ndikofunika kusankha njira yogwiritsira ntchito yokhazikika komanso yotetezeka kuonetsetsa kuti MySQL ikugwira ntchito moyenera. Ndikofunikira kusankha mtundu wokhazikika womwe wayesedwa kwambiri ndipo uli ndi zosintha pafupipafupi ndi zigamba zachitetezo.

Zofunikira pakuchita: Kutengera kuchuluka kwa ntchito⁤ ndi kukula kwake database, zofunikira zogwirira ntchito zogwirira ntchito ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Makina ena opangira opaleshoni atha kupereka magwiridwe antchito abwino pazochitika zina ndipo ndikofunikira kuunika izi musanayike.

4. Kuyika MySQL pa Windows

Kuti muyike MySQL pa Windows, njira zina zosavuta ziyenera kutsatiridwa. Choyamba, muyenera kutsitsa okhazikitsa MySQL kuchokera patsamba lovomerezeka. Mukatsitsa, muyenera kuyendetsa fayilo yoyika ndikusankha "kuyika mwamakonda". Ndikofunika kusankha zonse zomwe mukufuna kuziyika, monga seva ya MySQL, kasitomala wa MySQL, ndi zida zachitukuko. Pakukhazikitsa, mutha kusankha chikwatu chokhazikitsa ndipo muthanso kukhazikitsa mawu achinsinsi kwa wogwiritsa ntchito mizu.

Kukhazikitsa kukamaliza, muyenera kukonza MySQL kuti igwire bwino ntchito. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutsegula Command Prompt kapena PowerShell⁣ ndikuyendetsa⁤ malamulo ena kuti muyambe ndikusintha seva. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti seva ya MySQL ikugwira ntchito musanayese kuyipeza. Kuphatikiza apo, makonda a MySQL angafunikire kusinthidwa kuti akwaniritse zosowa zadongosolo.

MySQL ikangoyikidwa ndikukonzedwa pa Windows, mutha kuyamba kuigwiritsa ntchito. Izi zimaphatikizapo kulumikizana ndi seva ya MySQL pogwiritsa ntchito kasitomala wa MySQL monga mysql workbench kapena MySQL command line. Makasitomala awa amakulolani kuthamanga Mafunso a SQL ndikuwongolera nkhokwe mosavuta komanso moyenera. Kuphatikiza apo, zida zowonjezera zowonjezera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mapulogalamu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito MySQL ngati database. Mwachidule, ndi njira yosavuta yomwe imafuna kutsatira njira zingapo ndikukonza seva molondola.

5. Kuyika MySQL pa Linux

MySQL ndi imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina opanga mapulogalamu. Ngati ndinu wogwiritsa ntchito Linux ndipo mukufuna kukhazikitsa MySQL pakompyuta yanu, muli pamalo oyenera. Mu bukhu ili, ndikupatsani tsatanetsatane wa momwe mungayikitsire MySQL pa kugawa kwanu kwa Linux.

Ndisanayambe, ndikupangira kuti musinthe mapulogalamu anu pa Linux system. Izi zidzatsimikizira kuti muli ndi zosintha zaposachedwa kwambiri komanso zosintha zachitetezo zomwe zayikidwa. ⁤Mutha kuchita izi poyendetsa ⁢lamulo lotsatira mu ⁤Linux pofikira:

sudo apt-get update

Mukangosintha mapulogalamu anu, mutha kupitiliza kukhazikitsa MySQL. Pali ⁤ njira zosiyanasiyana zochitira izi, koma njira yodziwika kwambiri ndi⁤ kugwiritsa ntchito phukusi la Linux yogawa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito Ubuntu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito⁢ lamulo:

sudo apt-get kukhazikitsa mysql-server

Lamuloli lidzatsitsa ndikuyika seva ya MySQL pa dongosolo lanu. Pakukhazikitsa, mudzafunsidwa kuti mulowetse mawu achinsinsi kwa wogwiritsa ntchito mizu ya MySQL. Onetsetsani kuti mwasankha mawu achinsinsi amphamvu ndikukumbukira, chifukwa mudzafunika mawu achinsinsi kuti mupeze ndikuwongolera database yanu ya MySQL m'tsogolomu.

Kuyikako kukamaliza, mukhoza kutsimikizira kuti MySQL yaikidwa bwino poyendetsa lamulo ili:

mysql - mtundu

Lamuloli liwonetsa mtundu wa MySQL woyikidwa pakompyuta yanu Ngati muwona zambiri zamtunduwu, zikutanthauza kuti MySQL yakhazikitsidwa bwino. Zabwino zonse! Tsopano mwakonzeka kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito MySQL pakugawa kwanu kwa Linux ndikupezerapo mwayi pa kasamalidwe ka database kamphamvu kameneka.

6. Kukonzekera koyambirira pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa kwa MySQL

Mukamaliza kukhazikitsa MySQL pa makina anu, ndikofunikira kupanga masinthidwe oyambira kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukugwira ntchito bwino.

Choyamba, ndikofunikira kusintha mawu achinsinsi a 'root' omwe amapangidwa mwachisawawa pakukhazikitsa. Izi zitha kuchitika kuyendetsa lamulolo ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'nuevaContraseña'; mu MySQL command console. Kumbukirani kusintha 'newPassword' ndi mawu achinsinsi amphamvu komanso osavuta kukumbukira.

Kukhazikitsa kwina kofunikira ndikupangitsa mawonekedwe akutali a MySQL. Mwachikhazikitso, kasinthidwe ka MySQL amalola maulumikizidwe kuchokera ku localhost, koma ngati mukufuna kulumikiza ku database kuchokera pa kompyuta ina pa intaneti, muyenera kusintha fayilo ya 'my.cnf' ndikusintha njira ya 'bind'. ku adilesi ya IP ya seva ya MySQL. Izi zikachitika, sungani zosinthazo ndikuyambitsanso seva ya ⁤MySQL kuti zosinthazo zichitike.

7. Kugawa mawu achinsinsi kwa "root" wosuta

Wogwiritsa ntchito "muzu" ndiye wogwiritsa ntchito woyang'anira mu MySQL, kotero ndikofunikira kwambiri kupereka mawu achinsinsi kuti muteteze mwayi wopezeka ku database. Nawa maupangiri opangira mawu achinsinsi amphamvu komanso momwe mungawagawire kwa wogwiritsa ntchito mizu.

Malangizo opangira mawu achinsinsi amphamvu:
-Gwiritsani ntchito zilembo zazikuluzikulu ndi zing'onozing'ono, manambala, ndi zilembo zapadera.
- ⁢Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso zanu monga mayina, masiku obadwa kapena manambala a foni.
- Iyenera kukhala yayitali zilembo 8.
- Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mawu achinsinsi odziwika kapena odziwika.

Perekani mawu achinsinsi kwa "root" wosuta mu MySQL:
1. Lowani ngati wogwiritsa ntchito mizu ku seva ya MySQL.
2. Tsegulani mawonekedwe a mzere wa MySQL.
3. Thamangani lamulo ili kuti mupatse wogwiritsa ntchito mawu achinsinsi atsopano:
ALTER USER 'root' @ 'localhost' YODZIWA NDI 'new_password';

Kumbukirani kusintha 'new_password' ndi mawu achinsinsi omwe mukufuna kumupatsa "root". Lamulo likangoperekedwa, ⁢password⁤ idzasinthidwa ndikukonzekera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Onetsetsani kuti mukukumbukira mawu achinsinsi atsopanowa ndikusunga pamalo otetezeka.

Pomaliza, tikulimbikitsidwa⁤ kusintha mawu achinsinsi nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mupewe kusokoneza chitetezo cha database. Kumbukirani kuti mawu achinsinsi ndiye njira yoyamba yodzitchinjiriza kuti musapezeke popanda chilolezo, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu kuti muteteze. Ndi malangizo awa ndi masitepe, mudzatha kupatsa⁤ mawu achinsinsi kwa "root" wogwiritsa ntchito mu MySQL ndikuteteza bwino database yanu.

8.⁤ Kuyang'ana kukhazikitsa bwino kwa MySQL

Mukamaliza kukhazikitsa MySQL pa⁢ dongosolo lanu, ndikofunikira kutsimikizira kuti kukhazikitsa kwachita bwino. Nazi njira zosavuta zomwe mungatsatire kuti muwone:

1. Onani mtundu womwe wayika: Thamangani lamulo lotsatira pamzere wolamula kuti muwone mtundu wa MySQL woyikidwa pa dongosolo lanu: mysql --version. Onetsetsani kuti nambala yomwe yawonetsedwa ikugwirizana ndi mtundu womwe mwayika.

2. Onani kupezeka kwa ntchito: Onetsetsani kuti ntchito ya MySQL ikugwira ntchito. Mutha kuchita izi poyendetsa lamulo lotsatira pamzere wolamula: ‍ service mysql status. Ngati ntchitoyo ikugwira ntchito, mudzawona uthenga wosonyeza kuti ntchitoyi ikugwira ntchito. Ngati ntchitoyo siyikuyenda, mutha kuyiyambitsa pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo ili: service mysql start.

3 Access⁢ MySQL: Mukatsimikizira kuti MySQL yakhazikitsidwa ndikugwira ntchito, mutha kuyang'ana ngati mutha kupeza bwino database. Kuti muchite izi, yendetsani lamulo ili pamzere wolamula: mysql -u root -p. Izi zidzatsegula cholembera cha MySQL ndikufunsani mawu achinsinsi. Ngati mutha kulowa pa MySQL console popanda vuto lililonse, zikutanthauza kuti kukhazikitsa kwakhala kopambana ndipo mwakonzeka kuyamba kugwira ntchito ndi MySQL.

9. Kukweza ndi kukonza MySQL

MySQL ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri komanso yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri yoyang'anira database. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito MySQL pamakina anu, muyenera kuyiyika kaye. Kenako, tikuwonetsani zomwe muyenera kutsatira kuti muyike MySQL m'machitidwe osiyanasiyana ntchito:

Kuyika pa Windows:
1. Koperani MySQL installer kuchokera pa webusaiti yovomerezeka.
2. Thamangani fayilo yoyika ndikutsatira malangizo a wizard yoyika.
3. Pa nthawi yoika, mudzafunsidwa kusankha mtundu wa unsembe. Mutha kusankha njira ya "Developer Default" pakuyika koyambira kapena kuyika makonda malinga ndi zosowa zanu.
4. Khazikitsani dzina lachinsinsi la MySQL root user.

Kuyika pa MacOS:
1. Tsitsani phukusi la ⁢MySQL‌ DMG lokhazikitsa kuchokera patsamba lovomerezeka.
2. Tsegulani fayilo ya DMG ndikutsatira malangizo kuti muyike MySQL pa Mac yanu.
3. Kuyikako kukatha, mudzafunsidwa kuti muyike mawu achinsinsi a MySQL root user.

Kuyika pa Linux:
1. Tsegulani potengerapo ndipo yendetsani lamulo ili kuti musinthe phukusi lanu la makina: sudo apt update.
2. Kenako, yendetsani lamulo la sudo apt install mysql-server kuti muyike MySQL pa kugawa kwanu kwa Linux.
3. Pakuyika, mudzafunsidwa kuti muyike mawu achinsinsi a MySQL root user.

Kumbukirani kuti mukangoyika MySQL, ndikofunikira kukonza nthawi zonse kuti muwonetsetse kuti database ikugwira ntchito bwino. ⁤Izi zikuphatikizapo ntchito monga kusunga nkhokwe, kupititsa patsogolo kumitundu yaposachedwa ya MySQL, kukonza ⁢funso, ndi kuyang'anira momwe seva ikuyendera. Kukonzekera koyenera kudzatsimikizira kugwira ntchito bwino komanso chitetezo chokulirapo cha data yanu.

10. Malangizo kuti muwongolere magwiridwe antchito a MySQL

Kumbukirani kukhazikitsa masinthidwe oyenera:

Kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe antchito a MySQL, ndikofunikira kukonza magawo ena mufayilo yosinthira. Kusintha moyenera izi kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu pa liwiro komanso mphamvu ya database yanu. Zina zofunika kuziganizira ndi kukula kwa buffer ya MySQL, malire a kukumbukira, ndi kuchuluka kwa maulumikizidwe amodzi. Onetsetsani kuti mwachita kafukufuku wanu ndikupanga makonda awa kukhala oyenera malo anu komanso mtundu wantchito.

Gwiritsani ntchito indexes kuti mufufuze mafunso:

Ma index ndi ofunikira kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe antchito mu MySQL. Pakupanga ma index pazaza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi pofunsa mafunso, liwiro lakusaka zolemba limachulukitsidwa kwambiri. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka pogwira ntchito ndi ma data akuluakulu. Musaiwale kuwunikiranso ndikusintha ma index omwe alipo kuti muwonetsetse kuti ali oyenera pazosowa zanu.

Gwiritsani ntchito matebulo ogawa:

Ngati mukufuna kugwira ntchito ndi database yayikulu kwambiri, ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito matebulo ogawa mu MySQL. Njirayi imagawaniza database yanu m'magawo ang'onoang'ono, osavuta kuyang'anira, omwe amatha kuwongolera bwino komanso kuthamanga kwa ntchito zamafunso. Mukhoza kusankha njira zogawanitsa zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zosowa zanu. Kumbukirani kuti njira iyi ndi yoyenera kwambiri pazomwe⁤ data imagawika bwino ndipo nthawi zambiri imapezeka⁤ padera.