- Kuwomba kwa mphezi kwautali kwambiri pa mbiri kunali mtunda wa makilomita 829 ndi kudutsa mayiko angapo a U.S.
- Zinadziwika pambuyo posanthula deta ya satellite osati nthawi yeniyeni.
- Bungwe la World Meteorological Organization lidatsimikizira mbiriyo ndikuchenjeza za zotsatira zake.
- Ma megaflashes ndi osowa kwambiri koma atha kukhala oopsa.
Chochitika chodabwitsa cha meteorological chinawunikira zakuthambo zaku America zaka zingapo zapitazo, ngakhale zake ukulu weniweni sunawonekere mpaka posachedwapa. Ichi ndi chodabwitsa chomwe kuchuluka kwake kumatsutsana ndi zolemba zonse zam'mbuyomu: kugunda kwamagetsi kunayenda makilomita 829 pakati pa East Texas ndi kunja kwa mzinda wa Kansas City panthawi ya mkuntho waukulu mu October 2017. Mtunda womwe umakhalapo ndi "megaflash" uwu ndi wofanana ndi pakati pa mizinda ngati Paris ndi Venice kapena kuwoloka Peninsula ya Iberia kuchokera kumapeto mpaka kumapeto.
Kutsimikizira izi mbiri yapadziko lonse ya mphezi zazitali kwambiri Zinadza pambuyo pofufuza mozama za mbiri yakale ya nyengo, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti Zamakono zamakono zimatha kuwulula zochitika zobisika kuti mpaka posachedwapa sanaziwone mwachindunji. Popanda kuwomba kwambiri panthawiyo, mphezi yodabwitsayi yadziwika kuti ndiyo yayitali kwambiri kuposa kale lonse, zomwe zikusonyeza kusintha kwakukulu pa kafukufuku wamagetsi a mumlengalenga.
Kodi mphenzi yayitali kwambiri inadziwika bwanji?
Kuzindikira megaflash iyi sikunali kophweka. Sikunali kutulukira mwamwayi, koma zotsatira za kuwunikanso zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa ndi ma satellites apamwamba kwambiri a geostationary, monga GOES-16, pamodzi ndi machitidwe owonera Earth. Zinali pokhapokha ataphatikiza deta iyi ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano zamakompyuta zomwe asayansi Iwo adatha kukonzanso njira yamagetsi amtundu umodzi wodabwitsa amene, mu masekondi asanu ndi awiri okha, anawoloka zigawo zinayi za America.
Chochitikacho chinali chachilendo komanso chofala kwambiri sizinalembedwe mu nthawi yeniyeni, ngakhale m’kufufuza koyambirira kwa namondweyo. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, ntchito ya wofufuza Michael Peterson ndi akatswiri ena adalola kukhalapo kwake kukhala kovomerezeka. Mphepete mwa zolakwika pakuyezera, malinga ndi World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), ndi makilomita 8 okha, komabe. imaposa mosavuta mbiri yakale ya makilomita 768, omwe adalembetsedwanso ku United States.
Zomwe zimapangitsa megaflashes kukhala zotheka
Si mphezi zonse zomwe zimakhala ngati "megaflashes" ikuluikulu. Nthawi zambiri mphezi zimagunda pamtunda wa makilomita 16 kapena 20 okha. kuchokera ku mtambo wake. Kuti izi zichitike, gulu la namondwe wolinganizidwa (lomwe limadziwika kuti mesoscale convective system) likufunika, kuphimba madera akuluakulu ndikukhalabe achangu kwa maola ambiri. Mphepo yamkuntho yosakwana 1% imapangitsa kuti pakhale mphezi zazikuluzi, zomwe zimachitika kuti mapangidwe ake akadali obisika.
Pankhani ya record, cheza chinayenda chopingasa kudutsa mumlengalenga, osakhudza konse pansi, kupangitsa kuzindikira kwake kukhala kovuta kwambiri. Osachepera 116 zotulutsa zachiwiri zidapangidwa m'njira yake. Ndipo ngakhale kuti mtunda wa mzere unali makilomita 829, ngati zigzag ya njira yake yeniyeni ikatsatiridwa, kutalika kwake kukanakhala kwakukulu kwambiri.
"Ichi ndi chodabwitsa chomwe chimapita mopitirira wamba ndikuwonetsa kuti malire a zomwe zingatheke mu meteorology angadabwebe," akufotokoza akatswiri ochokera ku WMO ndi American Meteorological Society, mabungwe omwe ali ndi udindo wotsimikizira ndi kufalitsa zolemba zoopsazi.
Zowopsa ndi zovuta zachitetezo cha anthu
Kupitilira kudabwitsa komwe kudachitika chifukwa cha mphezi yayikulu ngati iyi, WMO yatenga mwayi pa zomwe adapezazi kuti adziwe za zoopsa zokhudzana ndi mphezi ndi kufunikira kwa njira zodzitetezera. Chaka chilichonse, zochitikazi ndizomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa mazana ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, komanso moto, kuwonongeka kwa zomangamanga, komanso zochitika zazikulu m'magawo monga ndege.
Ma Megaflashes, chifukwa chotha kuyenda mtunda wautali, amatha kuyambitsa moto wamtchire kutali ndi pachimake cha mkuntho ndikuyika chiwopsezo chosayembekezereka kwa iwo omwe amakhulupirira kuti ali otetezeka. Chifukwa chake kulimbikira kwa aboma pakupanga ndi kukulitsa njira zochenjeza komanso kufunikira kosapeputsa chiwopsezochi: Ngakhale mphepo yamkuntho ikuwoneka kuti ikuchoka, magetsi amatha kukhala mumlengalenga kwa nthawi ndithu..
Ndi liti pamene kuli kotetezeka kubisala?
Akatswiri amalangiza kuti ngati mukuwona chizindikiro chilichonse cha mphepo yamkuntho kapena mphezi pafupi (pafupifupi makilomita 10), funa pogona m'nyumba zolimba zokhala ndi mawaya ndi mapaipi amadzi, kapena m’magalimoto okhala ndi madenga achitsulo ndi mazenera otsekedwa. Nyumba zotseguka, zobisalamo, ndi magalimoto opanda zitsulo zotchingira, monga njinga zamoto, sizimateteza ku magetsi. Walt Lyons, WMO meteorologist, Ndikoyenera kudikirira mphindi 30 pambuyo pa kugunda komaliza ndikubwerera panja..
Udindo wa machenjezo oyambilira ndi maphunziro a anthu wakhala wofunikira kwambiri pozindikira zochitika zazikuluzikuluzi. Malinga ndi mlembi wamkulu wa WMO Celeste Saulo, mbiri yatsopanoyi iyeneranso kugwira ntchito ngati a chenjezo lokhudza mphamvu ya mphezi kuyenda mitunda ikuluikulu ndi kukhudza ntchito zazikulu za anthu.
Zina zochulukirachulukira: kunyezimira kwa imfa ndi mbiri yanthawi yayitali
Zolemba za mphezi zazitali kwambiri sizomwe zalembedwa pazochitika zamagetsi. Palinso zolemba zochititsa mantha, monga mphezi yotalika kwambiri, imene mu June wa 2020 Inatambasula kwa masekondi oposa 17 pakati pa Uruguay ndi kumpoto kwa Argentina.Zina mwa zinthu zoopsa kwambiri ndi zimene zinachitika ku Zimbabwe m’chaka cha 1975, zomwe zinapha anthu 21, ndiponso zimene zinachitika ku Egypt mu 1994, pamene mphezi inawotcha moto m’matangi amafuta, n’kupha anthu 469.
Zolemba zaposachedwazi zimatsimikizira zimenezo Zochepa zomwe tikudziwabe za khalidwe la mphezi ndi kufunika kwa matekinoloje atsopano otsatirira zochitika zomwe zingasinthe kamvedwe kathu ka nyengo. Zanyengo zikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo kuzimvetsetsa kumateteza miyoyo ndikupititsa patsogolo kulosera ndi kupewa ngozi.
Ndine wokonda zaukadaulo yemwe wasandutsa zokonda zake za "geek" kukhala ntchito. Ndakhala zaka zoposa 10 za moyo wanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wotsogola komanso kusewera ndi mitundu yonse yamapulogalamu chifukwa cha chidwi chenicheni. Panopa ndaphunzira luso la pakompyuta komanso masewera a pakompyuta. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kwa zaka zoposa 5 ndakhala ndikulembera mawebusaiti osiyanasiyana pa teknoloji ndi masewera a pakompyuta, ndikupanga nkhani zomwe zimafuna kukupatsani zambiri zomwe mukufunikira m'chinenero chomwe chimamveka kwa aliyense.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso, chidziwitso changa chimachokera ku chilichonse chokhudzana ndi makina opangira Windows komanso Android pama foni am'manja. Ndipo kudzipereka kwanga ndi kwa inu, nthawi zonse ndimakhala wokonzeka kuthera mphindi zochepa ndikukuthandizani kuthetsa mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo pa intaneti.