El opareting'i sisitimu Debian ndi gawo lotseguka la pulogalamu yogawa kutengera Linux kernel. Amaganiziridwa kuti ndi chimodzi mwazo machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito yokhazikika komanso yodalirika padziko lonse lapansi yamakompyuta, Debian yakhazikitsa mulingo wokhudza magwiridwe antchito ndi chitetezo. Ndi gulu lalikulu la omanga ndi nzeru zaulere zamapulogalamu, dongosololi limapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito malo osinthika komanso osinthika. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza mwatsatanetsatane kuti ndi chiyani kwenikweni makina ogwiritsira ntchito Debian ndi chifukwa chake ndi chisankho chodziwika kwa onse ogwiritsa ntchito kunyumba ndi mafakitale amtundu uliwonse.
1. Chiyambi cha makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Debian: Lingaliro ndi zofunikira zake
Debian ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito Gwero lotseguka la Linux lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamaseva ndi malo ogwirira ntchito. Dzina lake limachokera ku kuphatikiza kwa mayina a Mlengi wake, Ian Murdock, ndi mkazi wake, Debra. Debian imadziwika chifukwa chokhazikika, chitetezo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chodziwika bwino kwa oyamba kumene komanso ogwiritsa ntchito apamwamba.
Chimodzi mwazofunikira za Debian ndi dongosolo lake loyang'anira phukusi, lotchedwa APT (Advanced Packaging Tool). Kupyolera mu APT, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kukhazikitsa, kukonza, ndi kuchotsa mapulogalamu mosavuta komanso motetezeka. Debian ilinso ndi mapaketi osiyanasiyana kuyambira pazoyambira mpaka zovuta, zomwe zimalola ogwiritsa ntchito kusintha makina awo malinga ndi zosowa zawo.
Chinthu china chofunikira cha Debian ndikudzipereka kwake ku ufulu wa mapulogalamu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mapulogalamu onse omwe akuphatikizidwa mu Debian ndi otseguka ndipo amapezeka kwaulere. Izi zimathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kuti asagwiritse ntchito pulogalamuyo mwalamulo, komanso kuisintha ndikugawana ndi ena. Debian imatsatiranso kuwunikira kokhazikika komanso njira yoyendetsera bwino kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwadongosolo ndi chitetezo.
2. Chiyambi ndi kusinthika kwa makina ogwiritsira ntchito Debian
Debian Ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito Open source ndi imodzi mwazinthu zakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi zamakompyuta. Kukula kwake kudayamba mu 1993 ndi Ian Murdock, ndi cholinga chopanga makina ogwiritsira ntchito potengera pulogalamu yaulere komanso yodalirika kwambiri. Kuyambira pamenepo, Debian yasintha kwambiri ndikukhala imodzi mwamagawidwe otchuka kwambiri a Linux.
Dongosolo la Debian lakhazikitsidwa pa Linux kernel ndipo limagwiritsa ntchito woyang'anira phukusi la APT kuyang'anira mapulogalamu ndi ntchito zomwe zimayikidwa padongosolo. Kwa zaka zambiri, zosintha ndi zosintha zambiri zapangidwa ku Debian, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makina ogwiritsira ntchito azikhala okhazikika komanso otetezeka.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za Debian ndikuyang'ana kwambiri kukhazikika komanso mtundu wa mapulogalamu. Pulojekiti ya Debian imatsatira kuyesa kozama komanso njira yoyendetsera bwino musanatulutse mtundu watsopano, kuwonetsetsa kuti makina ogwiritsira ntchito ndi odalirika komanso opanda cholakwika. Kuphatikiza apo, Debian idakhazikitsidwa pamapulogalamu aulere, kutanthauza kuti mapulogalamu ndi zida zonse zomwe zili mudongosololi ndizotseguka ndipo zimapezeka kwaulere.
3. Zigawo zofunikira za Debian: kernel, zida ndi phukusi
Kupambana kwa Debian ngati makina ogwiritsira ntchito kumatengera zigawo zake zofunika: kernel, zida ndi phukusi.
Debian kernel, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Linux, ndiye pakatikati ya makina ogwiritsira ntchito. Ndilo udindo kulamulira hardware ndi kulola kulankhulana pakati mapulogalamu ndi zipangizo. The Debian kernel ndi yosinthika kwambiri, kutanthauza kuti imatha kusinthidwa kuti ikhale ndi masinthidwe osiyanasiyana a hardware ndi zosowa zina. Kuphatikiza apo, imapindula ndi gulu lachitukuko la Linux, lomwe limasintha nthawi zonse ndikuwongolera.
Zida ndi gawo lina lofunikira la Debian. Izi zimapereka mawonekedwe kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azilumikizana ndi dongosolo ntchito bwino. Zina mwa zida zodziwika bwino ndi apt package management system, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi woyika, kusintha, ndikuchotsa mapulogalamu mosavuta. Kuphatikiza, kukonza zolakwika, ndi zida zoyendetsera dongosolo ziliponso kuti zithandizire kukonza ndi kuyang'anira dongosolo la Debian.
Pomaliza, phukusi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri mu Debian. Izi zili ndi mapulogalamu ndi malaibulale omwe amatha kukhazikitsidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito padongosolo. Debian imadziwika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mapaketi omwe amapezeka, omwe amaphatikiza mapulogalamu ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana. Maphukusi amagawidwa m'malo osungira, omwe ndi ma database a pa intaneti komwe amasungidwa ndikusungidwa mpaka pano. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusaka ndikusankha phukusi lomwe akufuna kuyika pogwiritsa ntchito zida monga apt kapena Synaptic. Mwachidule, kernel, zida ndi maphukusi ndizitsulo zoyambira za Debian zomwe zimatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwake moyenera komanso kusinthasintha. [TSIRIZA
4. Filosofi yachitukuko cha Debian: mapulogalamu aulere komanso ogwirizana
Lingaliro lachitukuko la Debian lakhazikitsidwa pa mfundo ziwiri zofunika: mapulogalamu aulere ndi mgwirizano. Mfundozi ndiye maziko a kugawa ndikuwongolera zisankho zomwe zapangidwa pakupanga chitukuko.
Mapulogalamu aulere ndi gawo lofunikira la Debian ndipo amatanthauza ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito, kusintha ndi kugawa pulogalamuyo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti aliyense atha kupeza nambala yoyambira, kusintha, ndikugawana ndi ena. Anthu amtundu wa Debian amaona kuwonekera komanso ufulu wosankha, motero amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu aulere pamakina onse ogwiritsira ntchito.
Kugwirizana ndi mzati wina wofunikira wa filosofi yachitukuko cha Debian. Gulu la Debian limapangidwa ndi opanga masauzande ambiri ndi ogwiritsa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi omwe amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti apititse patsogolo kugawa. Kupyolera mu mgwirizano, chidziwitso chimagawidwa, mavuto amathetsedwa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makina ogwiritsira ntchito akukonzedwa bwino komanso amakono. Mawonekedwe otseguka, ogwirizana a Debian amalola aliyense kuti athandizire, kaya kudzera pamakhodi, kuyesa, zolemba, kapena chithandizo chaukadaulo. Pamodzi, timapanga ndikusunga kugawa kokhazikika komanso kodalirika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito onse.
5. Mapangidwe a bungwe la Debian: dera ndi maudindo akuluakulu
Mapangidwe a bungwe la Debian amachokera ku gulu la anthu odzipereka omwe amathandizira pakupanga ndi kukonza kachitidwe kameneka. Gulu la a Debian limapangidwa ndi maudindo osiyanasiyana omwe amagwira ntchito zofunika pakugwira ntchito kwa polojekitiyi.
Imodzi mwamaudindo ofunikira pamadongosolo abungwe a Debian ndi ya "Debian Developers". Awa ndi anthu ammudzi omwe ali ndi kuthekera kosintha ndikuyika ma phukusi kumalo osungirako a Debian. Madivelopa ali ndi udindo wowonetsetsa kukhazikika ndi chitetezo chadongosolo, komanso kupanga zosintha ndikusintha nthawi zonse.
Ntchito ina yofunika ndi ya "Package Maintainers". Mamembala ammudziwa ali ndi udindo wosunga maphukusi omwe ali mkati mwa Debian repository. Osamalira ndi akatswiri m'dera linalake ndipo amaonetsetsa kuti phukusi ndi lamakono ndikugwira ntchito moyenera.
Kuphatikiza pa maudindo ofunikirawa, palinso maudindo ena apadera m'gulu la Debian, monga "Omasulira", omwe ali ndi udindo womasulira makina ogwiritsira ntchito ndi zolemba m'zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana, ndi "System Administrators", omwe ali ndi udindo woyang'anira zofunikira kwa ntchito ya Debian.
Mapangidwe a bungwe la Debian amadziwika ndi njira yake yogawanitsa anthu komanso kutsindika kwake pa mgwirizano ndi kuwonekera. Gulu la anthu odziperekawa lakwanitsa kupanga ndi kusunga imodzi mwa njira zokhazikika komanso zodalirika zomwe zilipo masiku ano. [KUTHA-KUTHANDIZA]
6. Mabaibulo akuluakulu a Debian ndi zosinthidwa pakapita nthawi
Debian yatulutsa mitundu ndi zosintha zingapo m'mbiri yake yonse kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito. Imodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri komanso yokhazikika ndi Debian 10 "Buster", yomwe inatulutsidwa mu 2019. Baibuloli limaphatikizapo zambiri zowonjezera ndi zosintha poyerekeza ndi matembenuzidwe akale.
Mtundu wina wofunikira wa Debian ndi Debian 9 "Stretch", yomwe inatulutsidwa mu 2017. Bukuli limadziwika ndi kukhazikika kwake komanso kukhala njira yodalirika ya ma seva ndi machitidwe omwe amafunikira kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, Debian 8 "Jessie" ndi mtundu wina wodziwika womwe unatulutsidwa mu 2015, ndipo umagwiritsidwabe ntchito kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza pamitundu yayikulu, Debian imaperekanso zosintha zosiyanasiyana kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana. Zina mwazolemba zodziwika bwino ndi Debian Live, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wothamangitsa Debian mwachindunji kuchokera pa chipangizo cha USB kapena DVD osayika. Chitsanzo china ndi Debian Edu, yomwe idapangidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo ophunzirira. Momwemonso, Debian imaperekanso zosintha zapadera monga Debian GNU/Hurd ndi Debian GNU/kFreeBSD, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito maso osati ma Linux kernel.
7. Ubwino ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makina ogwiritsira ntchito Debian m'malo mwaukadaulo
Debian ndi njira yotsegulira gwero yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo mwaukadaulo chifukwa cha zabwino zambiri komanso ntchito zake. Pansipa pali zina mwazifukwa zomwe Debian ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri kwa akatswiri aukadaulo.
Chimodzi mwazabwino zazikulu za Debian ndikukhazikika kwake komanso kudalirika. Makina ogwiritsira ntchitowa amadziwika kuti ndi olimba ndipo amayesedwa molimbika musanatuluke. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi gulu lalikulu la omanga omwe amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse kukonza ndikusintha zigawo zake, zomwe zimatsimikizira malo okhazikika komanso otetezeka azinthu zamakono.
Ubwino wina wodziwika wa Debian ndikusankha kwake kwapaketi ndi mapulogalamu omwe alipo. Kupyolera mwa woyang'anira phukusi la APT, ndizotheka kupeza masauzande a mapulogalamu ndi zida zomwe zakonzeka kukhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo ochepa chabe. Izi zimapangitsa kasinthidwe kachitidwe kukhala kosavuta kwambiri ndipo amalola amisiri kukhala ndi mwayi wopeza mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana apadera pazosowa zawo.
8. Kuyika kwa makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Debian ndi ndondomeko yokonzekera
Ndi njira yatsatanetsatane komanso yotopetsa yomwe imatsimikizira kasinthidwe koyenera kwa chipangizo chanu. M'munsimu muli njira zofunika kuchita ntchitoyi:
1. Koperani makina ogwiritsira ntchito: Chinthu choyamba chimene muyenera kuchita ndikutsitsa chithunzi cha ISO cha makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Debian kuchokera pa tsamba lawebusayiti ovomerezeka. Onetsetsani kuti mwasankha mtundu woyenera pamapangidwe anu a hardware.
2. Chilengedwe ya chipangizo Bootable: Mukatsitsa chithunzi cha ISO, muyenera kupanga zowonera, monga DVD kapena dalaivala ya USB flash. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida ngati Rufus kapena Etcher kukwaniritsa ntchitoyi.
3. Kuika opareshoni: Ikani zoulutsira bootable mu kompyuta yanu ndi kuyambiransoko. Pa boot process, muyenera kusankha jombo kuchokera bootable chipangizo mwina. Kenako, mutsatira malangizo apazenera kuti muyike makina opangira a Debian. Onetsetsani kuti mukuwerenga sitepe iliyonse mosamala ndikusankha zoyenera kutengera zosowa zanu.
Ndikofunikira kutsatira njira zonsezi mosamala kuti muwonetsetse kukhazikitsa bwino ndikusintha kachitidwe ka Debian. Kumbukirani kuti ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena mukufuna thandizo lina, mutha kutembenukira ku zolemba zovomerezeka za Debian kapena gulu la ogwiritsa ntchito kuti muthetse zovuta zilizonse zomwe mungakumane nazo. Sangalalani ndi makina anu atsopano a Debian!
9. Kasamalidwe ka phukusi mu Debian: apt ndi dpkg
Kuwongolera phukusi mu Debian ndikofunikira pakugwira ntchito moyenera kwadongosolo. Zida ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi woyenera y dpkg. Pansipa tifotokoza momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito zida zonse ziwiri kukhazikitsa, kusintha ndi kuchotsa phukusi mu Debian.
Kukhazikitsa phukusi pogwiritsa ntchito woyenera, choyamba tiyenera kusintha mndandanda wa phukusi lomwe likupezeka poyendetsa lamulo apt update. Ndiye, tikhoza kufufuza phukusi linalake pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo apt search. Tikapeza phukusi lomwe tikufuna kukhazikitsa, timagwiritsa ntchito lamulo apt install kutsatiridwa ndi dzina la phukusi. Izi zidzatsitsa ndikuyika phukusi limodzi ndi zodalira zake zonse.
Ngati tikufuna kusintha phukusi, timangoyendetsa lamulo apt upgrade. Izi zisintha ma phukusi onse omwe adayikidwa ku mtundu wawo waposachedwa. Kuti tichotse phukusi, timagwiritsa ntchito lamulo apt remove kutsatiridwa ndi dzina la phukusi. Ngati tikufunanso kuchotsa mafayilo osintha pa phukusi, tingagwiritse ntchito lamulo apt purgeTingagwiritsenso ntchito dpkg kukhazikitsa, kusintha ndi kuchotsa phukusi, pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo dpkg -i, dpkg -U y dpkg -r motsatana.
10. Moyo ndi chithandizo cha kutulutsidwa kwa Debian
Debian imadziwika chifukwa cha kutulutsa kwake kwamphamvu komanso chithandizo. Kutulutsidwa kulikonse kwa Debian kumakhala ndi nthawi yomwe chithandizo chimaperekedwa mwanjira ya zosintha zachitetezo ndi kukonza zolakwika. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti ogwiritsa ntchito a Debian amatha kusunga machitidwe awo amakono komanso otetezeka.
Kuzungulira kwa moyo wa kutulutsidwa kulikonse kwa Debian kumagawidwa m'magawo angapo. Pachiyambi, pali gawo "loyesa" pomwe zatsopano ndi zosintha zimaphatikizidwa. Kenako imatsatira gawo "lokhazikika", lomwe ndi mtundu wovomerezeka kuti ugwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo opangira. Patapita kanthawi, Baibulo limakhala "lokhazikika" pamene lasinthidwa kale ndi latsopano. Pomaliza, imafika pagawo la "mapeto a moyo" pomwe thandizo lovomerezeka siliperekedwanso pamtunduwu.
Gulu la Debian lili ndi kudzipereka koonekeratu ku moyo wonse wa zotulutsidwa zake ndikuyesetsa kupereka chithandizo cha nthawi yaitali. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti chithandizo chazomangamanga kapena ma phukusi ena amatha kusiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti muwone zolemba ndi zolemba za mtundu wa Debian womwe mukugwiritsa ntchito kuti mumve zambiri za moyo wake komanso chithandizo chake.
11. Chitetezo ndi kukhazikika mu Debian: dongosolo lowongolera mtundu
Dongosolo lowongolera mtundu lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Debian ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa chitetezo ndi kukhazikika kwa makina ogwiritsira ntchito. Kupyolera mu dongosololi, opanga amatha kufufuza zomwe zasinthidwa ku code source ndikugwirizanitsa ntchito zamagulu moyenera.
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito makina owongolera mtundu mu Debian, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida monga Git, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso zimapereka magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana. Ndi chida ichi, omanga amatha kupanga nthambi zosiyana kuti zizigwira ntchito mofanana pazinthu zosiyanasiyana kapena zothetsera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito makina owongolera amalola opanga kubweza zosintha zosafunikira, kuyang'ana mbiri yakusintha, ndi kugwirizana bwino. Kuonjezera apo, zimathandiza kusunga ndondomeko ya zosintha ndi kusintha kwadongosolo, zomwe zimawonjezera chitetezo ndi kukhazikika kwa Debian kwa nthawi yaitali.
12. Debian ngati maziko a magawo ena a Linux
Debian, imodzi mwamagawidwe akale kwambiri komanso okhazikika a Linux, yakhala ngati maziko opangira magawo ena angapo otchuka. Zogawazi zimagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la Debian ndi dongosolo loyambira, koma nthawi zambiri amawonjezera maphukusi awo ndi masanjidwe awo.
Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe Debian amasankhidwira ngati maziko a magawo atsopano ndikuyang'ana pa bata ndi chitetezo. Debian amadutsa muyeso mozama komanso njira yoyendetsera bwino asanatulutse mtundu watsopano wokhazikika, kuwonetsetsa kuti magawo omwe amagawirako ndi olimba komanso odalirika. Kuphatikiza apo, Debian ili ndi gulu lalikulu la opanga ndi ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amapereka chithandizo chaukadaulo komanso zosintha pafupipafupi.
Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito Debian ngati maziko ogawa anu a Linux, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingakuthandizeni pantchitoyi. Mutha kupeza maphunziro apaintaneti ndi zolemba zatsatanetsatane zamomwe mungasinthire makonda ndikumangirira kugawa kochokera ku Debian. Kuphatikiza apo, pali zida monga debbootstrap ndi Live-build zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupanga mitundu yatsopano. Ndi nthawi yochepa komanso khama, mutha kupanga kugawa kwapadera kwa Debian komwe kumakwaniritsa zosowa zanu.
13. Zida zothandiza ndi zothandizira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito a Debian
- Luso: Chida chamzere chapamwamba chomwe chimawongolera pa apt-Get. Amapereka mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pakuwongolera phukusi mu Debian. Kutha kumakulolani kuti mufufuze phukusi, kuwona zambiri, kukhazikitsa kapena kuchotsa phukusi, ndi zina zambiri.
- Synaptic: Mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito a Debian package management system. Ndi Synaptic, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kufufuza, kukhazikitsa, kuchotsa, ndikusintha mapulogalamu ndi mapulogalamu. Imaperekanso zida zapamwamba monga kuwona zambiri, kuyang'anira nkhokwe, komanso kuthekera kochitapo kanthu pamagulu a phukusi.
- Wiki ya Debian: Gwero lolemera lazidziwitso zapaintaneti kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kuchokera ku Debian. Wiki ili ndi zolemba zambiri pamagawo osiyanasiyana a Debian, monga kukhazikitsa, kukonza, ndi kasamalidwe kadongosolo. Ogwiritsa atha kupeza maphunziro, owongolera, malangizo ndi machenjerero Malangizo othandiza pa wiki kuti athetse mavuto omwe wamba kapena kupititsa patsogolo chidziwitso chanu cha Debian.
Zina zikuphatikizapo Mabwalo Ogwiritsa Ntchito a Debian, gulu la pa intaneti pomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kufunsa mafunso, kupempha thandizo, ndikugawana chidziwitso ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ena a Debian; fayilo ya apt, chida chomwe chimakulolani kuti mufufuze mafayilo mumaphukusi a Debian; ndi GDebi, mawonekedwe azithunzi oyika ma phukusi a .deb ndikuthana ndi zomwe zimadalira.
Kumbukirani kuti ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuwerenga zolemba za Debian, zomwe zimapezeka Debian Documentation Project, kuti mumve zambiri za opareshoni ndi zigawo zake. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida izi ndi zothandizira kukuthandizani kuti mupindule kwambiri ndi zomwe mwakumana nazo pa Debian ndikuthetsa zovuta. bwino.
14. Tsogolo la Debian: mapulojekiti a nthawi yayitali ndi zolinga
Imodzi mwama projekiti anthawi yayitali a tsogolo la Debian ndikupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika kwake komanso magwiridwe ake. Gulu la omanga akugwira ntchito molimbika kuti azindikire ndikuwongolera zolakwika zomwe zingatheke, komanso kukhathamiritsa zida zamakina. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti Debian imasunga mbiri yake ngati yogawa yodalirika komanso yolimba..
Cholinga china chachikulu ndikusunga mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito a Debian. Anthu ammudzi amayesetsa kusunga malo osungiramo phukusi kuti apitirire ndikukula, kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito ndi zida zomwe angasankhe. Madivelopa akudzipereka kuphatikiza mitundu yatsopano ndi zosintha zamaphukusi pafupipafupi kuti dongosololi likhale lamakono komanso logwirizana ndi matekinoloje aposachedwa..
Kuphatikiza apo, mtsogolo mwa Debian tikufuna kupitiliza kukonza chitukuko ndi kulumikizana pakati pa anthu ammudzi. Ogwiritsa ntchito ndi omanga akulimbikitsidwa kutenga nawo mbali pazokambirana ndi zisankho zokhudzana ndi chitukuko cha Debian. Cholinga chake ndikulimbikitsa mgwirizano womasuka komanso wowonekera, pomwe malingaliro ndi malingaliro a aliyense amayamikiridwa.. Izi zimalola kugawa kusinthika pamodzi kuti kukwaniritse zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito.
Mwachidule, makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Debian ndi kugawa kwaulere kwa mapulogalamu kutengera Linux kernel. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndikupereka njira yokhazikika, yodalirika komanso yotetezeka kwa mitundu yonse ya ogwiritsa ntchito. Dera lomwe limathandizira Debian ndi lotakata komanso lodzipereka, zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pakusintha kosalekeza komanso kusinthidwa kwadongosolo.
Debian imapereka mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana ndi zida zomwe zingakwaniritse zosowa za oyamba kumene komanso ogwiritsa ntchito apamwamba. Kuyika ndi kukonzanso dongosololi ndi losavuta komanso losavuta, lolola kuti ligwirizane ndi chilengedwe chilichonse.
Chitetezo ndichofunikira kwambiri kwa Debian, ndipo chifukwa chake, dongosololi limasinthidwa pafupipafupi komanso mwachangu kuthana ndi zovuta zilizonse zomwe zingabwere. Kuphatikiza apo, Debian imagwiritsa ntchito njira zotsimikizira zamtundu uliwonse kuti zitsimikizire kuti mtundu uliwonse umakhala wokhazikika momwe ungathere asanatulutsidwe.
Makina ogwiritsira ntchito a Debian amapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera kwathunthu chilengedwe chawo, kuwalola kusintha ndikusintha mbali iliyonse malinga ndi zosowa zawo. Zolemba zambiri zomwe zilipo komanso zothandizira anthu ammudzi zimapangitsa Debian kukhala chisankho chanzeru kwa iwo omwe akufunafuna makina ogwiritsira ntchito olimba komanso odalirika.
Pomaliza, Debian imadziwika chifukwa chokhazikika, chitetezo komanso kusinthasintha. Ndi njira yabwino kwa onse ogwiritsa ntchito oyamba komanso omwe ali ndi luso laukadaulo. Ndi mapulogalamu ake ambiri komanso kuyang'ana pa khalidwe, Debian yakhala imodzi mwa magawo otchuka komanso olemekezeka a Linux padziko lonse lapansi.
Ndine Sebastián Vidal, mainjiniya apakompyuta omwe amakonda ukadaulo komanso DIY. Komanso, ine ndine mlengi wa tecnobits.com, komwe ndimagawana nawo maphunziro kuti ukadaulo ukhale wofikirika komanso womveka kwa aliyense.