Mwina mungadabwe kuti BIOS ndi chiyani komanso momwe makonda ake amasungidwira? BIOS, chidule cha Basic Input/Output System kapena Basic Input and Output System mu Chisipanishi. Ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito moyenera kwa kompyuta iliyonse. Pulogalamuyi, yomwe imapangidwa mu boardboard, imakhala ndi ntchito yogwira ntchito zingapo zofunika pakuyatsa chipangizocho. Ntchito zake zazikulu zikuphatikiza kuyambika kwa hardware, kuyesa mayeso, ndikukweza makina ogwiritsira ntchito kuchokera ku chipangizo choyenera chosungira. Ndiye kuti, BIOS imagwira ntchito ngati "jombo loyambirira" lomwe limapereka moyo ku china chilichonse. M'nkhaniyi muphunzira ndendende Kodi BIOS ndi chiyani ndipo makonda ake amasungidwa bwanji?
Ngakhale idasintha pakapita nthawi ndipo nthawi zambiri idasinthidwa ndi wolowa m'malo mwake, UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface), BIOS ndiyofunikirabe pamakompyuta ambiri. Pulogalamu yofunikirayi sikuti imangotsimikizira kugwira ntchito kolondola kwa kompyuta, komanso imapereka mwayi wopezeka makonda mbali zina za hardware. Tiyeni tipite ndi nkhani yoti BIOS ndi chiyani ndipo makonda ake amasungidwa bwanji?
Ntchito zazikulu za BIOS
BIOS ili ndi maudindo angapo ofunikira omwe amachitidwa pakanthawi kochepa mutatha kuyatsa kompyuta. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Yambitsani zida: BIOS imatsimikizira kuti zida monga CPU, RAM, hard drive, ndi zotumphukira zina zikugwira ntchito moyenera musanadutse kuwongolera kumayendedwe.
- Chitani mayeso a POST (Kuyesa Kudziyesa Kwamphamvu): Mayesero ofunikirawa amatsimikizira kuti palibe zolakwika mu zigawo zofunika. Ngati cholakwika chizindikirika, BIOS imatulutsa ma siginecha ngati ma beeps kapena ma code owonera.
- Konzani dongosolo la boot: Ili ndi udindo wotsitsa makina ogwiritsira ntchito ku chipangizo chosankhidwa kukhala choyambirira, kaya ndi hard drive, USB drive kapena network.
Kuphatikiza pa ntchito zofunikazi, mitundu ina yapamwamba ya BIOS imalola zoikamo zina monga overclocking, kusintha kukumbukira, ndi kasamalidwe ka mphamvu. Zikumveka bwino kuti BIOS ndi chiyani komanso momwe kasinthidwe kake kamasungidwira? Tiyeni tipite mozama.
Kodi ndimasunga bwanji zoikamo za BIOS?
Limodzi mwamafunso omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi omwe BIOS ndi makonzedwe ake amasungidwa bwanji? Zokonda za BIOS zimasungidwa mu chipangizo chapadera cha ROM (chowerenga-chokha) chomwe chili pa bolodi lamakompyuta. Chip ichi chapangidwa kuti chisalembedwe, kuwonetsetsa kuti zosintha sizitayika ngakhale kompyuta itazimitsidwa.
Komabe, BIOS imadaliranso batire laling'ono lotchedwa CMOS batire. Batire iyi imapereka mphamvu kumakumbukiro ena omwe amalola zoikamo monga nthawi, tsiku ndi dongosolo loyatsira. Batire ikatha mphamvu, zoikamo za BIOS nthawi zambiri zimasinthidwa kukhala zokhazikika, zomwe zingayambitse zovuta zazing'ono monga kukonzanso nthawi yadongosolo. Pakadali pano m'nkhaniyi mukudziwa kale zambiri za BIOS ndi momwe kasinthidwe kake kamasungidwira? Chabwino, dikirani mpaka kumapeto ndipo mudzadziwa zonse za BIOS.
Kufikira ndi Kusintha kwa BIOS
Para kusintha zoikamo BIOS, m'pofunika kupeza menyu ake. Izi zitha kusiyanasiyana pang'ono kutengera wopanga, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi izi:
- Yambitsaninso kompyuta yanu, ndipo poyambitsa, dinani kiyi inayake (monga Del, Esc, kapena F2), yomwe nthawi zambiri imawonetsedwa pazenera.
- Mukalowa mu menyu, gwiritsani ntchito miviyo kuti muyende ndikusintha zofunikira.
- Sungani zosinthazo mwa kukanikiza fungulo la F10 ndikuyambitsanso dongosolo kuti mugwiritse ntchito zoikamo.
Ndikofunikira kusamala posintha BIOS, chifukwa makonda olakwika angayambitse mavuto pakuwotcha kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri za PC yanu, timalimbikitsa nkhaniyi Tecnobits momwe timakambirana momwe Windows imasintha zosintha zake kuti zipewe zolakwika zazikulu.
Kusamala ndi malangizo pakusintha BIOS
Musanasinthe, m'pofunika kumveketsa bwino mmene kusinthaku kungakhudzire. Kusintha zosankha zapamwamba popanda chidziwitso chofunikira kumatha kubweretsa zovuta. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza zochita zanu, ndi bwino kufunafuna chitsogozo kuchokera kwa akatswiri ophunzitsidwa bwino.
Komanso, kumbukirani kuti sikoyenera nthawi zonse kusintha BIOS. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika kokha ngati wopanga makompyuta kapena bolodi akuwonetsa kuti ndikofunikira, mwina chifukwa cha zovuta zofananira ndi zida zatsopano kapena kuthetsa zolakwika zazikulu.
Kufunika kwa BIOS pamakompyuta amakono
Ngakhale BIOS ndi chiyani ndipo makonda ake amasungidwa bwanji? Funso lofunikabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa zida zambiri zatengera UEFI, yomwe imapereka kuthekera kwakukulu komanso mawonekedwe amakono. Komabe, BIOS ndiyofunikirabe pamakompyuta ambiri, makamaka achikulire.
Chithunzi cha UEFI Imasiyana ndi BIOS makamaka pakutha kuyendetsa ma hard drive akuluakulu., liwiro lake la boot lothamanga komanso mawonekedwe ake otetezedwa. Komabe, BIOS yachikhalidwe ikadali yolimba mokwanira kuti ikwaniritse cholinga chake nthawi zambiri.
Tsopano popeza mukudziwa chilichonse chokhudza BIOS ndi momwe makonzedwe ake amasamaliridwa?, chidziwitsochi chidzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa kufunikira kwa chinthu ichi pakugwira ntchito moyenera kwa kompyuta. Pulogalamuyi, ngakhale yaying'ono, ndi yamphamvu kwambiri chifukwa ili ndi udindo woonetsetsa kuti kompyuta yanu ikuyamba popanda mavuto ndi kugwira ntchito moyenera. Ngakhale zokonda zanu zimasungidwa mu ROM ndi CMOS, kumbukirani kuti kusintha popanda kudziwa bwino kungakhale koopsa.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kusintha BIOS, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mufufuze mwatsatanetsatane ndipo, ngati mukukayika, m'pofunika kufunafuna thandizo kwa katswiri. kumvetsa BIOS ndipo ntchito zake sizidzakulolani kuti muzisintha makina anu, komanso zidzakupatsani kumvetsetsa bwino kwa mgwirizano pakati pa hardware ndi mapulogalamu pa kompyuta yanu.
Wokonda ukadaulo kuyambira ali mwana. Ndimakonda kukhala wodziwa zambiri m'gawoli ndipo, koposa zonse, kulumikizana nazo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndakhala ndikudzipereka kwa kuyankhulana pa teknoloji ndi mawebusaiti a masewera a kanema kwa zaka zambiri. Mutha kundipeza ndikulemba za Android, Windows, MacOS, iOS, Nintendo kapena mutu wina uliwonse womwe umabwera m'maganizo.