Kodi Prism pa Windows pa Arm ndi chiyani ndipo imayendetsa bwanji mapulogalamu a x86/x64 popanda zovuta?

Kodi Prism mu Windows pa Arm ndi chiyani ndipo imakulolani bwanji kuyendetsa mapulogalamu a x86/x64? Ngati mumakonda Windows pazida zomwe zili ndi Arm processors, dzina lakuti Prism liyamba kumveka ngati lodziwika bwino. Iyi ndiye injini yotsatsira yomwe imapangitsa kuti ntchito zachikhalidwe za x86 ndi x64 ziziyenda pa Arm. popanda wosuta kuchita chilichonse chapadera kapena kukhazikitsa zina zowonjezera. Lingaliro ndi losavuta: kuti pulogalamu yayikulu ya Windows ikhalepo mukasintha kapangidwe kanu ka Hardware.

Ndikofunikira kufotokozera izi kuyambira pachiyambi: Kutsanzira ndi gawo la Windows ndipo kumawonekeraIn Windows 11 pa Arm, Prism imafika ngati chisinthiko chachikulu ndi mtundu wa 24H2, kulimbikitsa magwiridwe antchito poyerekeza ndi matekinoloje am'mbuyomu ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito CPU m'njira zotsatiridwa. Ndipo inde, Windows 10 pa Arm imatengeranso, ngakhale kuphimba kumangokhala ndi mapulogalamu a 32-bit x86.

Kodi Prism ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani ili yofunika mu Windows pa Arm?

Prism ndiye emulator watsopano wophatikizidwamo Windows 11 24H2 yamakompyuta a Arm. Ntchito yawo ndikupanga mapulogalamu ophatikizidwa a x86/x64 kuthamanga pa ARM64 ndi chilango chocheperako.Microsoft idapereka izo pambali pa ma PC a Copilot +, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri mapurosesa a Qualcomm Snapdragon X Elite ndi X Plus, pomwe kampaniyo idakonza bwino injiniyo kuti igwiritse ntchito kamangidwe kake kakang'ono.

Kupatula kukhala dzina losowa, Prism imayimira kukhathamiritsa kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi kutsanzira kwam'mbuyomuImamasulira ndikukhazikitsa ma code bwino kwambiri ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa CPU muzochitika zenizeni. M'malo mwake, Microsoft ikuwonetsa kusintha kwapakati pa 10 ndi 20% pakumasulira kwa binary ndi 24H2 pazida zomwezo, zomwe zimapatsa mphamvu mapulogalamu omwe poyamba anali ovuta.

Kuwonjezera pa malonda, pali nkhani yofunika kwambiri: Mapulogalamu ambiri apakompyuta akadali x86 Ndipo mndandanda wa mbiri yakale ndi waukulu kwambiri. Ngati Microsoft ikufuna kuti Windows pa Arm ikhale yotheka - ndikupikisana mutu ndi mutu ndi Apple Silicon Macs - kutsanzira kuyenera kukhala kofulumira komanso kogwirizana. Ichi ndichifukwa chake Prism ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamakonzedwewo, makamaka popeza ntchito zambiri zimatengera ma binaries amtundu wa ARM64.

Momwe kutsanzira kumagwirira ntchito: kuchokera x86/x64 mpaka ARM64 munthawi yeniyeni

Njira ya Microsoft imatenga mawonekedwe a JIT (Just-In-Time) womasulira. Prism otentha amaphatikiza ma x86/x64 malangizo ku malangizo a ARM64Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kukhathamiritsa kuti muwonetsetse kuti nambala yomwe yatulutsidwa ikugwira ntchito bwino pa Arm kernels. Izi zimachepetsa kuchulukirachulukira kwa ma binaries omwe si a mbadwa.

Kupewa kuwerengeranso zomwezo nthawi zonse, Mawindo osungira omasulira code code blocksUtumiki wamakina umasunga ma cache awa ndi module, kuti mapulogalamu ena athe kuwagwiritsanso ntchito pa boot yoyamba, potero amachepetsa latency ndikuthandizira kukhathamiritsa pomwe code yomweyi iyambiranso.

M'dziko la 32-bit x86, Gawo la WOW64 limakhala ngati mlatho pamtundu wa ARM64 wa Windows (monga momwe zimakhalira pamtundu wa x64 wa Windows). Izi zimaphatikizapo kachitidwe kapamwamba ka mafayilo ndi kaundula wa registry kuti azigwirizana, kupatula bwino zomwe pulogalamu iliyonse ikuganiza kuti ikuwona.

Ndi ntchito za x64 njira imasintha: Palibe wosanjikiza wa WOW64 kapena zikwatu zamakina / zolembera zobwerezaM'malo mwake, Windows imagwiritsa ntchito ma binaries a ARM64X mumtundu wa PE omwe makinawo amatha kutsitsa munjira zonse za x64 ndi ARM64 kuchokera pamalo amodzi, osawongoleranso. Zotsatira zake, mapulogalamu a x64 amatha kulowa mudongosolo (mafayilo ndi registry) popanda code yapadera.

Komabe, pali malire ofunikira: Kutsanzira kumangokhudza ma code ogwiritsira ntchitoChilichonse chokhudzana ndi kernel (madalaivala, mwachitsanzo) ayenera kupangidwa kwa ARM64. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zida zina zakale kapena zapadera kwambiri zingafunike madalaivala apadera kapena kuchotsedwa kwathunthu.

Kuzindikira ndi khalidwe: ndi mapulogalamu ati omwe akutsanzira "onani"

Pulogalamu ya x86/x64, pokhapokha itafunsidwa momveka bwino, sikudziwa kuti ikugwira ntchito pakompyuta ya Arm. Ngati mumafunsa ma API ngati IsWoW64Process2 kapena GetMachineTypeAttributesIzindikira kuthekera kwa wolandila wa ARM64 komanso kutengera komweko. Kuti zigwirizane, GetNativeSystemInfo imabweza tsatanetsatane wa ma CPU otsatiridwa atapemphedwa kuchokera ku pulogalamu yomwe ikutsanzira.

Izi zimalepheretsa mapulogalamu ambiri kuwonongeka chifukwa chozindikira kwambiri chilengedwe. Kwenikweni, pulogalamuyi "imawona" purosesa yoyenera kuti aphedwe, ndi malangizo ndi metadata omwe Prism asankha kuwulula kutengera mlanduwo.

Zatsopano mu Prism: malangizo ambiri a CPU komanso kugwirizanitsa bwino

Chimodzi mwazinthu zatsopano zamphamvu kwambiri chimabwera mu Insider builds Windows 11 24H2, monga 27744. Microsoft ikuyambitsa kuthandizira pazowonjezera zomwe zafunsidwa kwambiri za x86 ndi mapulogalamu amakono: AVX, AVX2, BMI, FMA, ndi F16C, pakati pa ena. Izi zimachitika ndi CPU yeniyeni yomwe mapulogalamu a x64 "amawona".

Kodi ndi chiyani? Masewera ochulukirapo ndi zida zopangira zomwe m'mbuyomu sizikanachoka pansi tsopano zikudutsa zosefera Chifukwa salepheranso chifukwa cha zofunikira za CPU. Cholakwika cha "AVX/AVX2 chikusowa" chomwe chinkaletsa masewera ena apakanema ndi ma suites osintha chikukhala chinthu chakale nthawi zambiri, monga momwe mayeso a Adobe Premiere Pro 25 asonyezera pa ARM.

Zofunikira: M'matembenuzidwe ena oyambirira, mapulogalamu a x64 okha ndi omwe amawona zowonjezera zatsopanoziMicrosoft idafotokoza izi m'mawu omasulidwa 27744. Muzomanga zina za Insider, zosintha za "kulowa" zayatsidwa kotero kuti mapulogalamu ena a x86 (32-bit) athanso kupeza chithandizo china chokulirapo kuchokera ku Properties → Compatibility/Emulation. Ngati mukuyesa mamangidwe osiyanasiyana, ndizabwinobwino kupeza zosiyana.

Kampaniyo imafunsa a Insiders kuti afotokozere zakusintha ndi zovuta zogwirizana nazo Feedback Hub (Win + F)m'gulu la Mapulogalamu komanso dzina lenileni la pulogalamu yomwe yakhudzidwa. Iyi ndi njira yoyeretsera kuti igwirizane isanatulutsidwe.

Prism motsutsana ndi Rosetta 2 komanso udindo wa Copilot+ PC

Microsoft sikubisa kudzoza kwake: Prism ndi "Rosetta 2" ya WindowsApple idawonetsa ndi gawo lake lomasulira kuti kusintha kwamapangidwe kumatha kukhala kosasunthika ngati hardware imathandizira. Tsopano, ndi ma PC a Copilot+ ndi tchipisi ta Snapdragon X, Microsoft ikufuna kuchita chimodzimodzi mkati mwa Windows ecosystem.

Kampaniyo imafika mpaka kunena kuti Kutengera kwake kumatha kukhala "kothandiza ngati Rosetta 2" Idalonjezanso kugwira ntchito mwachangu pazinthu zina, ngakhale izi zimadalira kwambiri zida zomwe zikufaniziridwa ndi mtundu wa katundu. Pakadali pano, ndizomveka kuyembekezera magwiridwe antchito olemekezeka pamapulogalamu ambiri komanso magwiridwe antchito amtundu wa ARM64, koma palibe chomwe chimalonjeza zozizwitsa zapadziko lonse lapansi.

Pamwamba pa slogan, pali mfundo yothandiza: Zomasulira zokhala ndi Prism mu 24H2 zili pakati pa 10 ndi 20% mwachangu pagulu lomweloIzi zimalimbitsa kumverera kwa fluidity ndikuchepetsa zipolopolo zomwe zinagwera kale pansi pa kulemera kwake.

Zochitika zenizeni padziko lapansi, moyo wa batri, komanso komwe kuli malire

Kuchita motsanzira kumadalira kugwiritsa ntchito komanso momwe zidapangidwira. Prism imachepetsa chilango ndipo, nthawi zina, mapulogalamu otsatiridwa amachita ngati kuti ndi kwawo. pazida zam'mbuyo za x86 (ganizirani za Surface Laptop 5 kapena Surface Pro 9), chifukwa cha kudumpha bwino komanso mphamvu ya Snapdragon X yokha.

Ponena za kudzilamulira, Windows 11 pa Arm ikufuna kukulitsa mphamvu zamagetsi Makhadi azithunzi a mbadwa komanso otsanzira amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Moyo wa batri, komabe, umadalira kuchuluka kwa ntchito: kusintha makanema, kutulutsa, ndi masewera kumakhalabe zochitika zomwe zimawononga mphamvu zambiri kuposa ntchito zopepuka.

Pali malire omveka bwino: Kutengerako sikumathandizira madalaivala kapena zida za kernelChifukwa chake, zotumphukira zina zakale kapena zocheperako zimadalira wopanga yemwe ali ndi madalaivala a ARM64. Komanso, masewera ena omwe ali ndi anti-cheat omwe alibe mtundu wa ARM kapena omwe amafunikira OpenGL pamwamba pa 3.3 sangagwire ntchito mpaka atasinthidwa.

Mu gawo lachitetezo, Kugwirizana kwa antivayirasi wachitatu kwapita patsogoloKomabe, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana pazochitika zilizonse. Windows Security imakhalabe yopezeka ngati wogulitsa sakupereka mabina a ARM64.

Ndi mapulogalamu ati omwe ali kale ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani mukufuna kusamuka?

Kutsanzira ndikwabwino kuyamba pomwe, koma m'mphepete mwake ndi ARM64. Microsoft 365 (Magulu, PowerPoint, Outlook, Mawu, Excel, OneDrive ndi OneNote) tsopano imayenda m'malo, monga mapulogalamu otchuka monga Chrome, Spotify, Zoom, WhatsApp, Blender, Affinity Suite kapena DaVinci Resolve, ndikuchita bwino kwambiri.

Komanso, Adobe wakhala akuyenda ndi Photoshop, Lightroom, ndi Firefly.Microsoft yalengeza mitundu ya ARM ya Premiere Pro ndi Illustrator. Microsoft ikuyembekeza kuti pafupifupi 90% yazomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamapeto pake zidzachokera ku mapulogalamu akomweko, chifukwa cha zida zamakono, ma SDK, ndi chithandizo.

Kwa omanga, pali mfundo yosangalatsa yaukadaulo: ARM64EC imalola kusakaniza ma binariesndi zigawo za x64 zosinthidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi code ya ARM64 kuti ifulumizitse magawo ovuta popanda kulembanso ntchito yonse nthawi imodzi. Ndi njira yeniyeni ya kusamuka kwapang'onopang'ono.

Windows 11 24H2, Windows 10 pa Arm ndi mphekesera za "Windows 12".

Ngati mukuganiza za Copilot + PC system: Ndi Windows 11 ndi zosintha zazikulu kuti mutengere mwayi pa hardware ndi zatsopano za AI. 24H2 ndikukweza kwakukulu pankhaniyi; mphekesera za "Windows 12" sizichitika ndi kusunthaku.

Mu chithunzi chokulirapo, Windows 11 pa Arm amatsanzira x86 ndi x64Pomwe Windows 10 pa Arm imakhalabe pa x86. Ngati mukugwirabe ntchito ndi Windows 10 pa Arm, kukweza kwa Windows 11 24H2 ndiyofunika kuti mufanane, mugwire ntchito, komanso Prism.

Kugwirizana, zotumphukira, ndi ukadaulo wothandizira

Kuonetsetsa kuti zonse zikuyenda bwino, olamulira ayenera kukhala ARM64Makina osindikizira ndi makina ojambulira nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito ngati dalaivala akuphatikizidwa Windows 11 kapena ngati wopanga amapereka kwa Arm; mwinamwake, mukhoza kuyesa kuyiyika kuchokera ku Zikhazikiko → Printers. Komabe, zinthu zina monga Windows Fax ndi Scan mwina sizikupezeka.

Mukusintha kwadongosolo, Zida zina zomwe zimasintha mawonekedwe a Windows (IME, makasitomala amtambo okhala ndi kuphatikiza kozama) atha kukhala ndi magwiridwe antchito ochepa ngati sanakomedwe ndi Arm64.

Pankhani yopezeka, mawonekedwe akukula: NVDA yasintha kale chowerengera chake chazithunzi Windows 11 pa Arm Ndipo JAWS ikuwonjezera kuyanjana. Malingaliro anzeru: funsani ndi wothandizira wanu ngati pulogalamu yomwe mumakonda yakonzeka ku Arm64.

Madera amakampani: Pamwamba ndi Snapdragon X ndi kutumiza kwakukulu

Surface Pro (11th edition) ndi Surface Laptop (kope la 7) yokhala ndi Snapdragon X adapangidwa kuti azidumphadumpha popanda kuvulala. Amapereka magwiridwe antchito, moyo wautali wa batri, komanso kuyanjana ndi mapulogalamu achikhalidwe komanso otsanzira., kuphatikiza mosasunthika ndi Microsoft 365 ndi zida zina zonse zopangira.

Kwa mabizinesi, App Assure Microsoft FastTrack Ndizopulumutsa moyo: zimathandizira popanda mtengo wowonjezera (kwa makasitomala omwe ali ndi Microsoft 365 kapena mapulani a Windows) kuthetsa midadada yolumikizana ndi mapulogalamu, kuphatikiza ma LOBs ndi mapulogalamu a chipani chachitatu, macros, ndi zowonjezera.

Njirayi ndi yomveka bwino: Gwiritsani ntchito Arm popanda kusiya mapulogalamu omwe alipo, pindulani ndi kudziyimira pawokha komanso magwiridwe antchito ndipo, mwamwayi, kanikizani omwe akukupatsirani kuti apereke mitundu ya ARM64 munthawi yochepa komanso yapakatikati.

Momwe mungayambitsire (zikapezeka) chithandizo chowonjezera pa 32-bit x86

Muzomanga zina za Insider, Microsoft yawonjezera makonzedwe kuti alole mapulogalamu a x86 (32-bit) kuti agwiritse ntchito mwayi watsopano wa CPU potengera. Ngati kapangidwe kanu kakulola, tsegulani Katundu wa Ntchito → Compatibility/Emulation tab ndikuthandizira chithandizo chowonjezera. Ngati muli ndi mafunso, funsani zolemba za zomangamanga kapena anthu ammudzi.

Mulimonsemo, Mapulogalamu onse a x64 amangopindula ndi malangizo atsopano kuwululidwa ndi Prism pomwe imathandizidwa. Ngati mukufuna kuwona zomwe pulogalamu yanu "ikuwona," zida monga Coreinfo64.exe zitha kuwonetsa zowonjezera zomwe zapezeka.

Kuyika mapulogalamu kuchokera kunja kwa Microsoft Store ndi mafunso ena omwe amafunsidwa pafupipafupi

Funso lachikale: Kodi ndingakhazikitse mapulogalamu kuchokera kunja kwa Sitolo? Inde, Windows 11 pa Arm imakupatsani mwayi woyika ndikuyendetsa mapulogalamu amtundu wa Win32.Ngati ali mbadwa za ARM64, zangwiro; ngati sichoncho, Prism abwera kudzawatsanzira ndikuchita bwino kwambiri.

Ngati china chake sichikuyenda, Choyamba, tsimikizirani madalaivala ndi zodalira. (makamaka ngati ikufunika kernel), fufuzani ngati pali mtundu wa ARM64 kapena ARM64EC, ndipo nenani zakusintha kulikonse pa Feedback Hub ngati ndinu Mkati. Zachilengedwe zikuyenda mwachangu; Kusintha kulikonse kumawongolera chithunzi chonse.

Msewu wautali wa Windows pa Arm ndi posinthira

Microsoft yakhala ikutsatira Windows pa Arm kwa zaka zambiri. Pambuyo pa zopinga ngati Surface RT, Copilot + PC imatsegulanso chitseko chimenecho Ndi zida zampikisano komanso kusanja kwapamwamba kwambiri, kusintha kwa Apple kumapangitsa mipiringidzo kukhala yokwera kwambiri, ndipo ndi Prism, Redmond ikufuna kufananiza mulingo womwewo pakuchita komanso kuyanjana.

Pali zovuta, ndithudi: Win32 ecosystem ndi yayikulu komanso yosiyana.Ndi masauzande ambiri opanga ndi zochitika zomwe Microsoft sadziwa n'komwe, kutsimikizira 100% kuthandizira pamndandanda wonse kwakanthawi kochepa sikutheka. Komabe, zowonjezera zonse zatsopano zimathandizidwa, woyendetsa aliyense wa ARM64 amamasulidwa, ndipo pulogalamu iliyonse yobwerezedwanso ya ARM64 imachepetsa kukangana.

Choncho, uthenga wapawiri ndi womveka: Prism imatseka kusiyana lero kuti mutha kugwira ntchito, kusewera, ndikupangaNdipo nthawi yomweyo, kalozera wamba amakula sabata ndi sabata. Pakadali pano, kupita patsogolo kwa 24H2 ndi Insider builds kukupitiliza kukulitsa mapulogalamu omwe amagwira ntchito popanda zigamba.

Kuchokera pakuwona kwa wogwiritsa ntchito, zomwe mungazindikire ndizomwezo Mapulogalamu ochulukirachulukira omwe anali kuyambitsa mavuto tsopano akuyamba Ndipo amachita bwino. Ngati chida chanu chachikulu chili kale ARM64, zabwino kwambiri; ngati sichoncho, Prism imakupatsani malo oti mupitilize popanda kusintha kachitidwe kanu.

Ndikoyenera kukumbukira mfundo zinayi: Kutsanzira ndi basi ndi mbali ya dongosoloOyang'anira ayenera kukhala ARM64; x64 binaries amapindula ndi ARM64X pakuphatikizana kopanda msoko; ndi kuyanjana kwa CPU (AVX/AVX2, BMI, FMA, F16C) zikubwera pakumanga kotero kuti masewera ochulukirapo komanso mapulogalamu opanga amatha kuyenda bwino. Ndi zigawozi, Windows pa Arm pamapeto pake imamva ngati nsanja yomwe mungathe kugwira ntchito ndikusangalala popanda kusokoneza kwakukulu.