AI yosagwirizana imadutsa ndi mbeu ya mega ndi njira yatsopano ya AI chips

Kufika kwa AI yosagwirizana Zasokoneza mawonekedwe aukadaulo aukadaulo ndi ndalama zozungulira zomwe zikukambidwa kale m'magawo onse amakampani. pafupifupi miyezi ingapo, kampaniyo Zakwanitsa kutenga chidwi cha ndalama zamphamvu kwambiri muukadaulo waukadaulo.kubetcha pa lingaliro lomwe, pamapepala, limalonjeza kuti liganizirenso momwe zida zamakompyuta za AI zimapangidwira ndikudyedwa.

M'malo mongoyang'ana pamitundu yokulirapo komanso yosokonekera, kampaniyo ikufuna kuthana ndi vutoli poyambira: mphamvu zamagetsi komanso kapangidwe ka tchipisiMalingaliro ake adalimbikitsidwa ndi biology ndi ntchito yaubongo, ndi Cholinga chake ndi kuyenderera kufupi ndi makina omwe amatha kupereka mphamvu zambiri zamakompyuta pomwe akugwiritsa ntchito kachigawo kakang'ono ka mphamvu zomwe zikufunika masiku ano. malo akuluakulu deta.

Mbeu zazikulu kwambiri za AI pachaka

AI yosavomerezeka yatseka mbeu ya $475 miliyoniChithunzi chomwe, ngakhale mumsika wozolowera anthu ambiri, chimawonekera kwambiri pakukula kwake koyambirira kotere. Zochitazo zimatengera kampaniyo mozungulira Madola mabiliyoni 4.500, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri zandalama zambewu mu AI hardware ecosystem.

Kuzungulirako kwatsogozedwa ndi venture capital funds Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) y Ogwirizana ndi Lightspeed VentureOsewera awiri ofunika pankhani ya ndalama zanthawi yayitali muukadaulo wakuzama. Aphatikizidwa ndi ena omwe ali ndi ndalama zapamwamba monga Lux Capital, DCVC, Ma Databricks ndipo ngakhale woyambitsa Amazon, Jeff BezosIzi zimalimbitsa malingaliro oti polojekitiyi ikuwoneka ngati njira yoyendetsera nthawi yayitali.

Kuphatikiza pa likulu lakunja, m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa nawo adaganiza zopereka kuchokera m'thumba lake. Madola mabiliyoni 10...mofanana ndi omwe amagulitsa ndalama zambiri. Kusuntha uku, kupitilira kuchuluka kwake, kumatumiza chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha kudzipereka komanso chidaliro chamkati muukadaulo wamakampani ndi bizinesi.

Malinga ndi zoyankhulana zosiyanasiyana, gawo loyambali la 475 miliyoni likadakhala chiyambi cha dongosolo lopezera ndalama zomwe zitha kufikira Madola mabiliyoni 1.000 pa nthawi yomweyi. Kukula kwa cholinga kumawonetsa mtundu wa projekiti yomwe akukumana nayo: hardware zovuta, maulendo aatali achitukuko, ndi ndalama zoyamba zamphamvu mu R&D.

Poyerekeza ndi zochitika zina zaposachedwa, mtengowo udachepa pang'ono 5.000 biliyoni zomwe zidakambidwa mphekesera zoyamba, koma zimayikabe AI Yosagwirizana ndi oyambitsa omwe, popanda ndalama zilizonse kapena malonda, akusewera kale pamlingo wandalama zomwe zidasungidwira makampani okhwima kwambiri.

Masomphenya a Naveen Rao ndi gulu lomwe lazolowera pachiwopsezo chaukadaulo

Kutsogolera polojekiti ndi Naveen RaoRao, wodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi wa AI chifukwa cha bizinesi yake komanso maudindo ake m'makampani akuluakulu aukadaulo. amayang'anira nsanja za intelligence ku Intel itagulidwa koyambira koyamba, Nervana Systems, yomwe imadziwika ndi mapurosesa ophunzirira makina.

Pambuyo pake, woyambitsayo adadumphiranso poyambitsa mgwirizano MosaicML, nsanja yophunzitsira yachitsanzo yomwe idapeza chidwi mu data ndi AI ecosystem ndipo pamapeto pake idapezedwa ndi Databricks pafupifupi $1.300 biliyoniMbiriyi, yokhala ndi zotuluka ziwiri zazikulu pasanathe zaka khumi, zalemera kwambiri pakupangitsa chidaliro pakati pa ndalama zomwe tsopano zikuthandizira ntchito yake yatsopano.

Pamodzi ndi Rao, kampaniyo yaphatikiza mbiri zapamwamba kuchokera pamzere wa hardware, mapulogalamu, ndi kafukufuku wamaphunziro, monga Michael Carbin, Sara Achour y MeeLan LeeIli ndi gulu lomwe limazoloŵera kuthana ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chaumisiri, mapulojekiti aatali, ndi mavuto omwe samathetsedwa ndi mapulogalamu ofulumira, koma ndi ma prototypes ovuta komanso kugwirizanitsa kwambiri pakati pa zomangamanga zakuthupi ndi ma algorithms.

Rao mwiniwake adalongosola kuti ndondomeko ya ntchito ya Unconventional AI imaphatikizapo yesani ma prototypes angapo pazaka zingapoIwo akuwunika kuti ndi paradigm iti yomwe imakhala yabwino kwambiri potengera magwiridwe antchito komanso mtengo wake. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, iwo sakuyang'ana kuyambitsa mankhwala mwamsanga, koma kuti apange maziko aukadaulo omwe angapangitse kusiyana mu AI computing pazaka khumi zikubwerazi.

Izi kubetcherana pa otchedwa "long cycle engineering" Izi zimasiyana ndi njira yodziwika bwino ya mapulogalamu ambiri oyambitsa mapulogalamu, omwe amayang'ana kwambiri kutsimikizira ndi makasitomala mwachangu momwe angathere ndikukonza bwino malondawo mwa kubwereza mwachangu. Apa, njirayo ndi yofanana ndi yamakampani akuluakulu a semiconductor kapena mapulojekiti ofunikira, komwe kubweza ndalama kumabwera pambuyo pake koma, ngati zonse zikuyenda bwino, zitha kutanthauziranso gawo lonse.

Mtundu watsopano wa makina anzeru zopangira

Chofunikira pamalingaliro a Unconventional AI ndikumanga makompyuta osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwambiri kwa intelligence intelligence workloads. Rao adafotokoza mwachidule chikhumbochi m'mawu omwe akopa chidwi m'gawoli: kupanga dongosolo lomwe liri. "monga bwino monga biology", kutengera mphamvu ya ubongo wa munthu kuchita mawerengedwe ovuta kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa.

Ngakhale makampani ambiri akupitilizabe kukulitsa mitundu - magawo ambiri, zambiri, ma GPU ambiri-, kampaniyo imayambira pamalingaliro amenewo Njirayi ili ndi malire omveka bwino pamtengo ndi mphamvu zomwe zilipoMalo akuluakulu a deta akuyang'anizana kale ndi ziletso za mphamvu, kukwera mtengo, ndi nkhani zokhazikika, zomwe zimadetsa nkhawa kwambiri ku Ulaya ndi ku Spain chifukwa cha zolinga za nyengo ndi malamulo.

Kuti athetse izi, oyambitsa akuganiza kusintha kwa paradigm pamapangidwe apakompyutaM'malo mopitiliza kukonzanso zomanga zama digito, fufuzani zojambula zomwe zimathandizira katundu wa silicon palokha ndi mfundo zowuziridwa ndi kugwira ntchito kwa ubongo, monga kusinthasintha kosagwirizana ndi ma neuron.

M'mawu omwe adasindikizidwa patsamba lake, kampaniyo ikufotokoza cholinga chake ngati kupanga a "New substrate for intelligence"Lingaliro ndilakuti, popeza dongosolo loyenera lomwe limagwirizanitsa makompyuta ochita kupanga ndi machitidwe azinthu zachilengedwe, ndizotheka kumasula zopindulitsa kwambiri kuposa zomwe zimapezedwa pongokonza zomangamanga zamakono zamakono.

Otsatsa malonda a Lightspeed omwe akutenga nawo gawo mozungulira amavomereza izi, ndikulozera kufunikira kwa kufufuza "isomorphism yoyenera ya nzeru" Ngati cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa AI, lingaliro ili likugwirizana ndi zoyesayesa za kafukufuku mu computing neuromorphic ndi machitidwe apamwamba a analogi, omwe, mpaka pano, akhalabe mkati mwa maphunziro kapena ntchito zoyesera zopangidwa ndi opanga akuluakulu.

Zomangamanga: Kuchokera ku Analogi Chips kupita ku Pulsating Neurons

Chimodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri za Unconventional AI ndi njira yake yophatikizira ma analogi, osakanikirana, ndi ma neuromorphic architecturesMosiyana ndi tchipisi tamakono ta digito, zomwe zimayimira chidziwitso chogwiritsa ntchito ziro ndi zina, mapangidwe a analogi amalola kugwira ntchito mosalekeza ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wa zochitika zakuthupi zomwe, zikayendetsedwa bwino, zitha kukhala zogwira mtima kwambiri pazinthu zina. Njira iyi ikuwonetsa kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo mapangidwe apamwamba a chip ndi njira zomwe zimafuna kukhathamiritsa bwino kuchokera pathupi.

Kampaniyo ikuyang'ana tchipisi chomwe chimatha kusunga mwakuthupi magawo ogawam'malo mongoyerekeza ndi manambala monga momwe zimachitikira m'mapurosesa achikhalidwe. Izi zimatsegula chitseko cha zowonetsera zachilengedwe zambiri zamatsanzo a probabilistic ndipo, mwina, ku kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mpaka nthawi chikwi poyerekeza ndi machitidwe a digito omwe amalamulira malo opangira deta masiku ano.

Kuti akwaniritse izi, gulu limagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro kuchokera oscillators, thermodynamics ndi spiking neuronsMtundu uwu wamtunduwu umalimbikitsidwa ndi momwe ma neuroni enieni amayambitsidwira ndi zilankhulo zowoneka bwino pakapita nthawi. Zomangamangazi, zofananira ndi gawo la neuromorphic, zimatha kuyimitsa magawo akulu a chip pomwe sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito, kumachepetsa kwambiri kutayika kwa mphamvu poyerekeza ndi mabwalo omwe amasunga nthawi zonse.

Njirayi imakumbutsanso zoyesayesa zam'mbuyomu zamakampani monga Intel ndi ma processor awo a neuromorphic, omwe amachotsa wotchi yapakatikati ndikulola kuti chip chizigwira ntchito mosagwirizana, ndikuyambitsa magawo ofunikira okha malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito. Komabe, AI yosavomerezeka ikufuna kupita patsogoloosati potengera machitidwe a neuronal, komanso kuphatikiza kwambiri kapangidwe ka silicon ndi mitundu ya AI yopangidwira chilengedwe chimenecho.

Kuphatikiza uku Ma hardware apadera ndi mitundu yopangidwa pamodzi Ilozera ku tsogolo lomwe malire pakati pa chip ndi ma aligorivimu amasokonekera, komanso pomwe magwiridwe antchito samadaliranso kuchuluka kwa ma GPU angati omwe angasungidwe, koma momwe zozama zakuthupi ndi mabwalo amagwiritsidwira ntchito.

SoC yopangidwira funde lotsatira la AI

Kupitilira mwachidule, zambiri zaukadaulo zikutuluka za mtundu wa Chip Unconventional AI ikufuna kubweretsa kupanga. Zolemba zosiyanasiyana za ntchito zofalitsidwa ndi kampaniyi zikuwonetsa ... AI accelerator yotengera dongosolo-on-a-chip (SoC).Ndiko kuti, gawo limodzi lomwe limaphatikiza ma module angapo apadera apakompyuta.

Malinga ndi mafotokozedwe awa, SoC iphatikiza purosesa yapakati (CPU) udindo wa ntchito zoyambilira monga kukonza ndikukonzekera deta yomvera isanapatsidwe ku mayunitsi enieni a AI. Kutengera maziko ambiri awa, midadada wokometsedwa adzawonjezedwa kuchita linear algebra ntchitozomwe ndi mtima wamasamu wa pafupifupi mitundu yonse yophunzirira mozama, kuchokera kumitundu yayikulu yazilankhulo kupita ku machitidwe owonera makompyuta.

Mapangidwewo amaganiziranso kugwiritsa ntchito nzeru zachipani chachitatu Kwa ma modules ena, izi ndizofala m'makampani opangira zida zopangira zida zamagetsi, komwe kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri kupereka zilolezo ku midadada yotsimikiziridwa kusiyana ndi kuwapanga kuyambira poyambira. Kuchokera pamenepo, mtengo wowonjezera wa AI wosavomerezeka udzakhazikika m'magawo apamwamba kwambiri a SoC.

Zinthu zosiyanitsa izi zikuphatikizapo mabwalo osakanikirana azizindikiroMabwalowa, omwe amatha kukonza zidziwitso za analogi ndi digito, ndi othandiza kwambiri pakuwongolera deta kuchokera ku masensa kapena kukhazikitsa mwachindunji ntchito zotsogozedwa ndi physics. Mtundu woterewu ndi wofunikira kuti chip chigwiritse ntchito ma dynamics osagwirizana ndi ma probabilistic omwe kampaniyo ikutsatira.

Mfundo ina yofunika ndi chidwi cha kampani zokumbukira zosasinthika, monga RRAMUkadaulo uwu umasungabe chidziwitso ngakhale mphamvu itatayika. Atha kupereka maubwino ochita kuposa kukumbukira kwanthawi yayitali muzochitika zina, ngakhale amakumanabe ndi zovuta zaukadaulo zomwe zalepheretsa kufalikira kwawo m'malo opangira data. Kusintha kwa msika wamakumbukiro ndi zosankha za opanga monga Micron yokhudzana ndi mizere yazinthu Amawunikira zovuta izi ndi mwayi.

Co-mapangidwe a hardware ndi mitundu ya AI

AI yosavomerezeka safuna kukhala pagawo la purosesa. Njirayi ikuphatikizanso kupanga mitundu ya AI yosinthidwa ndi tchipisi tawo., kugwiritsa ntchito malire okhathamiritsa omwe amaperekedwa popanga mapulogalamu ndi ma hardware pamodzi kuyambira pachiyambi.

Njira iyi ku kupanga pamodzi Zimalola kuwongolera kwakukulu pa momwe deta imayimiridwa, ntchito zomwe zimachitidwa, ndi momwe ntchito imagawidwira mkati mwa chip. M'malo mosintha mitundu yomwe ilipo yopangidwira ma GPU anthawi zonse, kampaniyo imatha kupanga ma aligorivimu omwe amathandizira mawonekedwe ake apadera a ma analogi ake, ma pulsating neurons, kapena ma module okumbukira osagwirizana.

Kampaniyo ikuyembekeza kuti kuphatikizika uku kudzalola kuti izi zitheke mphamvu pa dongosolo la nthawi 1.000 poyerekeza ndi silicon yamakono pansi pa ntchito zina. Ngakhale ziwerengerozi zidzafunika kutsimikiziridwa pomwe ma prototypes odziyimira okha ndi ma benchmark akuwonekera, amapereka lingaliro la kukula kwa zomwe gulu likufuna.

Njira yamtunduwu ndiyofunikira kwambiri Europe ndi Spainkumene mkangano wokhudza ulamuliro waukadaulo ndi kudalira kwa ogulitsa zida zakunja ukukulirakulira. Kukhala ndi zomangamanga zatsopano za AI zimatsegula chitseko cha malo osungiramo data okhazikika komanso otsika mtengo.Izi zikugwirizana ndi mphamvu za dera komanso zofunikira za kayendetsedwe kake. Mgwirizano pakati pa opereka mitambo akuluakulu ndi opanga ma hardware, monga omwe asinthanso mawonekedwe amakampani, akuwonetsa momwe mayankhowa angagwirizane.mgwirizano pakati pa mtambo ndi opanga).

Ngati mtundu wa AI wosagwirizana ndi umboni ukuwonetsa kuti ndi wopikisana, Sizingakhale zodabwitsa kuwona makampani amtambo aku Europe, ma lab ofufuza, ndi mabungwe akulu akuphatikiza mayankho amtunduwu. mu zomangamanga zake, kufunafuna kuchepetsa mtengo wa mphamvu ndi carbon footprint popanda kupereka luso lapamwamba la AI.

Msika wamsika: Mega-round ndi mpikisano wazinthu za AI

Nkhani ya Unconventional AI ndi gawo lazinthu zambiri: kuwonekera kwa zoyambira za AI kukweza mazana mamiliyoni a madola koyambirira kwambiri, ndi kuwerengera komwe zaka zingapo zapitazo kunali kwamakampani omwe adalembedwa kapena makampani omwe ali ndi ndalama zophatikizika kwambiri.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, mayina ngati OpenAI, Anthu Osakonda Dziko kapena zochita zolimbikitsidwa ndi ziwerengero monga Ilya Sutskever o Mira Murati Iwo akhala akutenga nawo mbali pazambiri zamabizinesi azachuma. Mu 2025, zoyambira zambiri za AI zidapitilira zomwe zidachitika $ 100 miliyoni pothandizirakuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe sizinachitikepo m'gawoli.

Mkati mwa wave iyi, nkhondo ya zomangamanga Chips, mitambo yapadera, ma accelerator, ndi machitidwe ophunzitsira akhala amodzi mwa madera omwe akutsutsidwa kwambiri. kudalira kwa purosesa Kuperewera kwa opanga ochepa, makamaka ma GPU apamwamba kwambiri, kwapangitsa osunga ndalama ndi amalonda kufunafuna njira zina zomwe zimachepetsa kutsekeka kwa zinthu ndi mitengo.

AI osavomerezeka alowa mpikisanowu popereka malingaliro njira yosiyana kusiyana ndi mpikisano wongowonjezereka ndi opanga ma GPU akuluakuluM'malo mongomenyera ntchito zambiri, yang'anani pakukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuwongolera mphamvu zamagetsi, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakanthawi kochepa kuti machitidwe a AI apitilize kukula popanda kuthamanga molunjika ku malire akuthupi ndi azachuma.

Kwa chilengedwe cha ku Europe, komwe mtengo wamagetsi ndi malamulo oyendetsera utsi ndizovuta kwambiri, kupambana kwa malingaliro amtunduwu kungakhale kotsimikizika. Chida cha AI chothandiza kwambiri Izi zikugwirizana ndi njira zosinthira zobiriwira, komanso kulola makampani ndi mabungwe kuti agwiritse ntchito mapulogalamu apamwamba a AI popanda kuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo.

Pulojekiti ya AI yosagwirizana Ikuphatikiza zinthu zazikuluzikulu zomwe zikuchitika pakadali pano: ma mega-round mu magawo a mbewu, zida zopangidwa kuchokera pansi mpaka AI, kudzoza mwachindunji kuchokera ku biology, komanso kutengeka kwambiri ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimayankha zenizeni zomwe zikuwonekera. Ngati kampaniyo ikwanitsa kukwaniritsa malonjezo ake mu silicon, ikhoza kukhala imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zikufotokozera momwe zitsanzo zanzeru zopangira zimaphunzitsidwa ndikuyendetsedwa m'zaka khumi zikubwerazi, ku United States ndi ku Europe, komanso, m'misika ngati Spain.

Nkhani yofanana:

Nvidia imalimbitsa mgwirizano wake ndi Synopsys pamtima pakupanga chip

Alberto Navarro

Ndine wokonda zaukadaulo yemwe wasandutsa zokonda zake za "geek" kukhala ntchito. Ndakhala zaka zoposa 10 za moyo wanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wotsogola komanso kusewera ndi mitundu yonse yamapulogalamu chifukwa cha chidwi chenicheni. Panopa ndaphunzira luso la pakompyuta komanso masewera a pakompyuta. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kwa zaka zoposa 5 ndakhala ndikulembera mawebusaiti osiyanasiyana pa teknoloji ndi masewera a pakompyuta, ndikupanga nkhani zomwe zimafuna kukupatsani zambiri zomwe mukufunikira m'chinenero chomwe chimamveka kwa aliyense.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso, chidziwitso changa chimachokera ku chilichonse chokhudzana ndi makina opangira Windows komanso Android pama foni am'manja. Ndipo kudzipereka kwanga ndi kwa inu, nthawi zonse ndimakhala wokonzeka kuthera mphindi zochepa ndikukuthandizani kuthetsa mafunso aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo pa intaneti.