- Zvidzidzo zviviri zvikuru muMasikirwo neSainzi zvinoratidza kuti chatbots dzezvematongerwo enyika dzinogona kuchinja maitiro uye vavariro dzekuvhota munyika dzinoverengeka.
- Kunyengetedza kwakavakirwa zvakanyanya pakupa nharo dzakawanda uye data, kunyangwe zvichiwedzera njodzi yeruzivo rusina chokwadi.
- Kugadziridza kupesvedzera kunosimbisa kunyengetedza kusvika kumapoinzi makumi maviri neshanu, asi kunoderedza huchokwadi hwemhinduro.
- Zvakawanikwa zvinovhura gakava rekukurumidzira muEurope uye mamwe ese edemocracies pamusoro pemitemo, pachena uye kuverenga kwedhijitari.
Kubuda kwe zvematongerwo enyika chatbots Yakarega kuva anecdote yetekinoroji kuva chinhu chiri kutanga kukosha mumakwikwi esarudzo chaiwo. Hurukuro dzemaminetsi mashoma neAI modhi dzakakwana shandura tsitsi kumumiriri nezvibodzwa zvakawanda kana chirevo chekongiri, chimwe chinhu kusvika nguva pfupi yadarika chaingobatanidzwa nemakampeni makuru enhau kana misangano yakanyatsorongeka.
Ongororo mbiri dzinosvika kure, dzakaburitswa panguva imwe chete mukati muzvarirwo y sainzi, Vakaisa nhamba kune chinhu changa chatofungirwa.: Nhaurirano chatbots inokwanisa kugadzirisa magariro evagari vezvematongerwo enyika. zviri nyore, kunyangwe kana vachiziva kuti vari kupindirana nemuchina. Uye vanozviita, pamusoro pezvose, kuburikidza nharo dzakazara nemashokokwete zvakanyanya kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwepfungwa dzepfungwa.
Chatbots mumishandirapamwe: kuyedza muUS, Canada, Poland neUK
Humbowo hutsva hunobva kubhatiri rezviyedzo zvakarongwa nezvikwata zve Cornell University and of the University of Oxford, yakaitwa panguva chaiyo yesarudzo mukati United States, Canada, Poland neUnited KingdomMuzviitiko zvese, vatori vechikamu vaiziva kuti vachange vachitaura neAI, asi vaisaziva nezvezvematongerwo enyika zvechatbot yavakapihwa.
Mubasa rinotungamirirwa na David Rand uye yakatsikiswa muNature, zviuru zvevavhoti vakaita nhaurirano pfupi dzine mhando dzemitauro dzakagadzirirwa kudzivirira mumwe mumiririMusarudzo yemutungamiri wenyika yeUS ya2024, semuenzaniso, 2.306 vagari Vakatanga varatidza zvavanoda pakati Donald Trump y Kamala HarrisVakabva vangopihwa chatbot yaidzivirira mumwe wevaviri ava.
Mushure mehurukuro, shanduko yemafungiro uye chinangwa chekuvhota zvakayerwa. Mabhoti akanakira Harris akawana kuchinja 3,9 points pachiyero che 0 kusvika ku100 pakati pevavhoti pakutanga vakaenderana naTrump, kukanganisa uko vanyori vanoverenga se yakapetwa kana pane iyo yekushambadza kwakajairika kwesarudzo yakaedzwa mumakwikwi e2016 uye 2020. Iyo pro-Trump modhi zvakare yakachinja zvinzvimbo, kunyangwe zvine mwero, nekuchinja mukati 1,51 points pakati pevatsigiri veHarris.
Mhedzisiro mukati Kanadha (ne 1.530 vatori vechikamu uye chatbots kudzivirira Mark Carney o Pierre Poilievre) uye mukati Poland (2.118 vanhu, vane mhando dzakasimudzira Rafał Trzaskowski o Karol Nawrocki) zvaitonyanya kushamisa: mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, chatbots inogadziriswa shanduko muchinangwa chekuvhota kusvika pagumi muzana pakati pevavhoti vanopikisa.
Chinhu chikuru chemiedzo iyi ndechekuti, kunyangwe hurukuro zhinji dzaingotora maminetsi mashoma. Chikamu chemhedzisiro yakagara nekufamba kwenguvaMuUnited States, nguva inopfuura mwedzi mushure mekuedza, chikamu chakakosha chemaitiro ekutanga chakanga chichiri kuonekwa, zvisinei nekuwanda kwemashoko emushandirapamwe akagamuchirwa nevatori vechikamu panguva iyoyo.
Chii chinoita kuti chatbot yezvematongerwo enyika igutsikane (uye nei izvo zvichigadzira zvikanganiso zvakawanda)
Vatsvakurudzi vaida kunzwisisa kwete chete kuti chatbots inogona kunyengetedza, asi vaizviwana seiIyo pateni inozvidzokorora muzvidzidzo zvakajeka: AI ine pesvedzero huru kana Inoshandisa nharo dzakawanda dzechokwadikunyange kana zvakawanda zvemashoko iwayo zvisina kunyanya kuoma.
Mune zviedzo zvakarongedzerwa neRand, rairo inoshanda kwazvo yemamodheru yaive yekuvabvunza kuti vave zvine ruremekedzo, neruremekedzo, uye ndiani aigona kupa humbowo zvemashoko ake. Ruremekedzo uye toni yekutaura yakabatsira, asi iyo lever huru yekuchinja yaive mukupa data, mienzaniso, manhamba, uye inogara ichinongedza kuruzhinji marongero, hupfumi, kana hutano hwehutano.
Apo mamodheru aiganhurirwa mukuwana kwavo zvinhu zvinogoneka uye akarairwa kunyengetedza pasina kushandisa kongiri dataSimba ravo rekukurudzira rakadonha zvakanyanya. Mhedzisiro iyi yakaita kuti vanyori vagumise kuti mukana wechatbots pamusoro pemamwe mafomati enhema dzezvematongerwo enyika hauna kunyanya mukubata pfungwa sezvazviri. ruzivo density kuti vanokwanisa kutumira munhanho shoma dzehurukuro.
Asi zano rimwe chete iri rine kuderera: sezvo kumanikidza kunowedzera pamamodhi kuti agadzire zvichiramba zvichinzi ndezvechokwadiNjodzi inowedzera kuti sisitimu inopera kunze kwezvinhu zvakavimbika uye kutanga “gadzira” chokwadiZvichitaurwa zviri nyore, iyo chatbot inozadza mapeji nedata rinonzwika serinogoneka asi risiri iro chairo.
Chidzidzo chakaburitswa muScience, ne Vakuru 76.977 vanobva kuUnited Kingdom y 19 mhando dzakasiyana (kubva kune madiki akavhurika-sosi masisitimu kusvika kune ekucheka-kumucheto ekutengesa modhi), inosimbisa izvi zvine hurongwa: iyo post-training yakanangana nekunyengetedza yakawedzera kugona kufurira kusvika a 51%, nepo shanduko dziri nyore mumirayiridzo (iyo inonzi kukurudziraVakawedzera imwe 27% zvekushanda zvakanaka. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuvandudzwa uku kwakaperekedzwa nekuderera kunooneka kweiyo chokwadi chechokwadi.
Ideological asymmetries uye njodzi ye disinformation
Imwe yemhedziso inonyanya kunetsa yezvidzidzo zveCornell neOxford ndeyekuti kusaenzana pakati pekunyengetedza uye kutaura chokwadi hakuna kugovaniswa zvakaenzana pakati pevamiriri uye zvinzvimbo. Kana vakazvimiririra chokwadi-checker vakaongorora mameseji anogadzirwa nechatbots, vakawana izvozvo Mamodheru aitsigira vakwikwidzi vekurudyi vakaita zvikanganiso zvakawanda kupfuura avo vaitsigira vanofambira mberi.
Maererano nevanyori, izvi asymmetry Zvinoenderana nezvidzidzo zvekare izvo Ivo vanoratidza kuti vashandisi vanochengetedza vanowanzo kugovera zvimwe zvisiri izvo pasocial media kupfuura vashandisi vakatsamira kuruboshwe.Sezvo mamodheru emitauro achidzidza kubva kuhuwandu hweruzivo rwakatorwa kubva pawebhusaiti, anogona kunge ari kuratidza kumwe kurerekera ikoko pane kurigadzira kubva pakutanga.
Chero zvazvingava, mhedzisiro yacho yakafanana: kana chatbot ichirairwa kuti iwedzere simba rayo rekunyengetedza ichifarira imwe ideological bloc, modhi yacho inoda kuwedzera chikamu chezvirevo zvinotsausa, kunyangwe ini ndichiramba ndichivasanganisa nedata rakawanda rakarurama. Chinetso hachisi chokuti mashoko enhema anogona kuverevedza.asi Inoita kudaro yakaputirwa murondedzero inoita seinonzwisisika uye yakanyorwa zvakanaka.
Vatsvakurudzi vanosimbisawo pfungwa isingafadzi: Havana kuratidza kuti zvirevo zvisiri izvo zvinogara zvichinyengetedza.Nekudaro, kana AI ikasundirwa kuti iwedzere kushanda, huwandu hwekukanganisa hunokura mukufanana. Mune mamwe mazwi, kuvandudza kuita kwekunyengetedza pasina kukanganisa kurongeka kunozviratidza sedambudziko rehunyanzvi uye retsika rinoramba risina kugadziriswa.
Iyi muenzaniso inonyanya kukoshesa mumamiriro ezvinhu e kukwirira kwezvematongerwo enyika polarization, sevaya vane ruzivo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzeEurope neNorth America, uko miganho yerukundo yakamanikana uye zvishoma zvezvibodzwa zvinogona kusarudza zvichabuda musarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika.
Kuganhurirwa kwezvidzidzo uye kusava nechokwadi nezvemhedzisiro chaiyo pabhokisi rekuvhota
Kunyangwe mhedzisiro kubva kuMasikirwo neSainzi yakasimba uye inobvumirana mumhedzisiro yavo huru, zvikwata zviviri izvi zvinosimbirira izvozvo Izvi zviedzo zvinodzorwa, kwete mishandirapamwe chaiyo.Pane zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinokoka iyo kungwarira paunenge uchiwedzera data kungofanana nesarudzo mumigwagwa.
Kune rimwe divi, vatori vechikamu vakanyoresa nekuzvidira kana kutorwa kuburikidza nemapuratifomu anopa muripo wemari, uyo unotanga. kuzvisarudzira zvakarerekera uye zvinoenda kure nekusiyana kwevavhoti chaivoUyezve, vaiziva izvozvo nguva dzose Vaitaura neAI. uye idzo dzakanga dziri rutivi rwefundo, migariro yaisazodzokororwa munhimbewo zvayo.
Imwe yakakosha nuance ndeyekuti zvidzidzo zvakanyanya kuyerwa kuchinja kwemafungiro nezvinangwa zvinotaurwakwete mavhoti chaiwo. Izvi zviratidzo zvinobatsira, asi hazvina kuenzana nekucherechedza maitiro ekupedzisira pazuva resarudzo. Muchokwadi, mukuyedza kweUS, mhedzisiro yacho yaive idiki pane muCanada nePoland, zvichiratidza kuti mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika uye dhigirii rekusazvisarudzira zvine simba rakakura.
Panyaya yekudzidza kweBritish inorongwa na Kobi Hackenburg Kubva kuUK's AI Security Institute, kune zvakare zvirambidzo zvakajeka: iyo data inobva chete vavhoti veUnited Kingdom, vese vaiziva kuti vaipinda muongororo yezvidzidzo uye ne muripo wehupfumiIzvi zvinoganhurira kuita kwayo kune dzimwe nyika dzeEU kana mamiriro asina kudzorwa.
Zvakadaro, chiyero cheaya mabasa-makumi ezviuru zvevatori vechikamu uye kupfuura 700 dzakasiyana dzezvematongerwo enyika- uye kuve pachena kwemaitiro kwakatungamira chikamu chikuru chenharaunda yezvidzidzo kuti vafunge nezvazvo Vanopenda mamiriro ezvinhu anonzwisisikaKushandiswa kwemachatbots ezvematongerwo enyika anokwanisa kushandura mafungiro nekukasira haisisiri fungidziro yeramangwana, asi chiitiko chinogoneka mumishandirapamwe iri kuuya.
Mutambi mutsva wesarudzo weEurope nemamwe mademocracy
Kupfuura iwo chaiwo nyaya dzeUS, Canada, Poland, uye UK, zvakawanikwa zvine zvazvinoreva kune Europe uye Spainuko kudzorwa kwekutaurirana kwezvematongerwo enyika pasocial media uye kushandiswa kwedata remunhu mumishandirapamwe yatova nyaya yekukakavadzana kwakanyanya. Iko kugona kwekubatanidza chatbots inochengetedza nhaurirano dzakasarudzika nevavhoti Inowedzera imwe nhanho yekuoma.
Kusvika ikozvino, kunyengetedza kwezvematongerwo enyika kwainyanya kutaurwa kuburikidza kushambadza kwakamira, misangano, nharo dzeterevhizheni, uye social mediaKusvika kwevabatsiri vekukurukurirana kunosuma chinhu chitsva: kugona kuchengetedza kudyidzana kwepamwe-pamwe, yakachinjirwa panhunzi kune zviri kutaurwa nemugari munguva chaiyo, uye zvese izvi nemutengo unodhura kune vanoronga mushandirapamwe.
Vatsvagiri vanosimbisa kuti kiyi haisisiri yekuti ndiani anodzora dhatabhesi yevavhoti, asi ndiani anogona gadzira mhando dzinokwanisa kupindura, kunatsa, uye kudzokorodza nharo nguva dzose, nehuwandu hwemashoko anopfuura nekure izvo munhu anozvipira anogona kubata pane switchboard kana positi yemumugwagwa.
Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, manzwi akafanana neaya enyanzvi yeItaly Walter Quattrociocchi Ivo vanosimbirira kuti iyo yekudzora yakatarisana inofanira kubva kubva kune hukasha yemunhu kana ideological segmentation kuenda ruzivo density iyo mienzaniso inogona kupa. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti kunyengetedza kunokura zvakanyanya kana data ichiwedzerwa, kwete kana mazano epfungwa achishandiswa.
La Kusangana kwemhedzisiro pakati peMasikirwo neSainzi kwakasimudza maalarm mumasangano eEurope kunetseka pamusoro pe kuvimbika kwemaitiro edemokrasiKunyangwe European Union iri kufambira mberi nehurongwa hwakadai seDigital Services Act kana ramangwana chairo remitemo yeAI, kumhanya kunoita mamodheru aya. Zvinoda kuongororwa nguva dzose kwemaitiro ekutarisa, kuongorora, uye kubuda pachena..
Digital kuverenga uye kudzivirira kubva pa automated kunyengetedza
Imwe yemharidzo inodzokororwa muzvinyorwa zvedzidzo inoperekedza mabhuku aya ndeyekuti mhinduro haigone kubva pazvirambidzo kana zvidzoreso zvehunyanzvi. Vanyori vanobvumirana kuti zvichave zvakakosha kusimbisa iyo kuverenga digital yehuwandu kuitira kuti vagari vadzidze ziva uye ramba kunyengetedza inogadzirwa ne otomatiki masisitimu.
Miedzo yekuwedzera, seyakabudiswa mukati PNAS NexusVanokurudzira kuti vashandisi vanonyatsonzwisisa kuti mhando dzemitauro dzakakura sei vashoma vanotambura pakuedza kwayo pesvedzero. Kuziva kuti chatbot inogona kukanganisa, kuwedzeredza, kana kuzadza maburi nefungidziro kunoderedza tsika yekugamuchira mameseji ayo sekunge anobva kuchiremera chisingakanganise.
Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakaonekwa kuti kunyengetedza kushanda kweAI kunoenderana kwete zvakanyanya neanopindira achitenda kuti vari kutaura nenyanzvi yemunhu, asi pane kunaka uye kuenderana kwenharo kuti rinogamuchira. Mune mimwe miedzo, mameseji echatbot akatokwanisa kuderedza kutenda mudzidziso dzokurangana, zvisinei nekuti vatori vechikamu vaifunga kuti vari kutaura nemunhu kana muchina.
Izvi zvinoratidza kuti tekinoroji pachayo haina kukuvadza: inogona kushandiswa kune ese ari maviri rwisa mashoko asiri iwo sokuchiparadziraMutsara unotorwa nemirayiridzo yakapiwa kumuenzaniso, iyo data iyo inodzidziswa nayo, uye, pamusoro pezvose, zvinangwa zvezvematongerwe enyika kana zvekutengeserana zveavo vanozviisa mukuita.
Kunyange hurumende nevatongi vachikakavadzana miganhu uye zvinodiwa, vanyori vemabhuku aya vanosimbirira pane imwe pfungwa: zvematongerwo enyika chatbots Vanozongokwanisa kushandisa simba guru kana veruzhinji vakabvuma kutaurirana navo.Nekudaro, gakava reruzhinji pamusoro pemashandisirwo ayo, kunyorwa kwayo kwakajeka, uye kodzero yekusaiswa pasi pekunyengetedzwa nemaotomatiki inozova nyaya huru munhaurirano yegutsaruzhinji mumakore anotevera.
Mufananidzo wakapendwa netsvakiridzo muChisikwa neSainzi unoratidza mikana nenjodzi: AI chatbots inogona kubatsira kutsanangura zvirinani marongero eruzhinji uye kugadzirisa kusahadzika kwakaoma, asi ivo vanogona zvakare. Vane simba rokuita kupenengura zviyero zvesarudzokunyanya pakati pevavhoti vasina kusarudzwa, uye vanozviita ne mutengo uri pachena maererano neruzivo rwechokwadi kana vakadzidziswa kuwedzera simba ravo rekunyengetedza, chiyero chakapfava icho mademokrasi achafanirwa kugadzirisa nekuchimbidza uye pasina kusaziva.
Ini ndiri anofarira tekinoroji akashandura zvaanofarira zve "geek" kuita basa. Ndapedza makore anopfuura gumi ehupenyu hwangu ndichishandisa tekinoroji yekucheka-kumucheto uye kutamba nemhando dzese dzezvirongwa kunze kwekuda kuziva. Iye zvino ndava nyanzvi mune zvekombiyuta uye mitambo yemavhidhiyo. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kweanopfuura makore 10 ndanga ndichishanda kunyora kune akasiyana mawebhusaiti pane tekinoroji nemitambo yemavhidhiyo, ndichigadzira zvinyorwa zvinotsvaga kukupa ruzivo rwaunoda mumutauro unonzwisisika nemunhu wese.
Kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo, ruzivo rwangu rwunobva kune zvese zvine chekuita neWindows inoshanda sisitimu pamwe ne Android yenharembozha. Uye kuzvipira kwangu kuri kwauri, ndinogara ndakagadzirira kushandisa maminetsi mashoma uye kukubatsira kugadzirisa chero mibvunzo yaungave unayo munyika ino yeinternet.