El Down syndrome Iko kushandurwa kwemajini kwakajairwa kunoratidzwa nekuvapo kweimwe kopi yekromosome 21, zvichikonzera nhevedzano yematambudziko emuviri nekukura. Ichi chiitiko chinoitika panguva yekuumbwa kwemasero emunhu. Munyaya ino, tichaongorora zvakadzama Down syndrome inokonzerwa sei? kutenderera kwesero?, kunzwisisa nzira yekugadzirwa kwetrisomy 21. Tichaongorora matanho ye cell cycle, shanduko dzinoitika mukufambira mberi uku uye mabatiro avanoita muchizvarwa chechirwere ichi.
Ongororo iyi ichaita kuti tiwane maonero akajeka uye akajeka ekuchinja kwemajini uku, zvichiita kuti tisangonzwisisa mabviro ayo, asiwo kuti tishande pane dzakasiyana siyana dzekutsvagisa uye nzira dzekurapa. Zvakakosha kuratidza kuti iyi inzvimbo yekushanduka-shanduka nguva dzose, umo zvakawanikwa zvesainzi nezvekurapa zvinoramba zvichiburitsa kunzwisisa kuri nani kwe majini evanhu uye kusiyana kwayo. Kuburikidza neruzivo urwu isu tinokwanisa kuramba tichienda kune kurapwa kuri nani uye hupenyu hwehupenyu hwevanhu vane Down syndrome.
1. Chii chinonzi Down Syndrome uye chinogadzirwa sei panguva yekutenderera kwesero?
El Down syndrome Chimiro chemajini chinowanzoitika mumunhu mumwe chete muvana mazana manomwe vanozvarwa Ndiyo mhedzisiro yekuwedzera chromosome pambiri nhamba 700, iyo inoguma ne21 chromosomes pachinzvimbo chenguva 47. Iyi yekuwedzera chromosome inoshandura kukura kwemuviri nehuropi. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusiyana mukusimba uye hunhu kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu, asi kazhinji zvinosanganisira kuremara kwenjere uye hunhu hwemuviri senge maziso akarerekera kumusoro, hurefu hupfupi, uye kuderera kwetsandanyama toni.
Iyi yekuwedzera chromosome inowanzoitika panguva yekuumbwa kwe mazai nembeu, muchikamu chesero cycle inonzi meiosisMunguva maitiro aya, maseru ebonde anogadzirwa nehafu yenhamba yenguva dzose yemakromosomes. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva kukanganisa kunoitika uye chromosome haiparadzanise zvakanaka, zvichisiya sero rebonde riine imwe chromosome yekuwedzera Kana iri Down Syndrome, iyi yekuwedzera chromosome ndeyechipiri.
Maitiro anogadzira trisomy 21, iro zita resainzi reDown Syndrome, harina kurongeka uye harina hukama nechero chiitiko kana tsika yevabereki. Kunyangwe mukana we kuva nemwana nechirwere ichi chinowedzera nezera raamai, ruzhinji rwevana Vane Down Syndrome vanozvarwa naamai vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu nemashanu ekuberekwa., nemhaka yokuti vakadzi vakawanda vezera rino vane vana. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezvenyaya yacho, unogona kushanyira chinyorwa chedu nezve zvikonzero zveDown syndrome.
2. Genetic Count uye Chromosome Anomaly: The Underlying Basis of Down Syndrome
Down syndrome Chimiro chemajini chinoitika kana paine imwe kopi yekromosome 21. Shanduko iyi mhedzisiro yechiitiko chinonzi. isiri-disjunction, iyo inoitika panguva yekuparadzaniswa kwesero. Masero mazhinji emunhu ane mapeya makumi maviri nematatu emakromosomes. Asi muvanhu vane Down syndrome, maseru anowanzo aine makopi matatu echromosome 23 pane maviri.
Non-disjunction inowanzoitika setsaona panguva yekuumbwa kwezai kana urume. Sezvazvinozoitika, panzvimbo yemakromosomes makumi maviri nematatu ari muzai nembeu, imwe yacho inotakura imwe chromosome. Kana zai iri kana kuti urume hune imwe chromosome rakabatana nembeu kana kuti ovum, zvinoguma paita ovum kana mbeu ine 23 chromosomes. Kana zai iri rikasangana rikave "embryo", "embryo" inova neextra chromosome ye24st pair musero rimwe nerimwe, zvichikonzera Down syndrome.
Kunze kweyakajairika kesi iyo trisomy 21, kune mamwe marudzi eDown Syndrome: mosaicism uye kutamiswa. Mu mosaicism, mamwe masero ane makopi maviri echromosome 21 uye mamwe ane matatu. Panyaya ye kutamiswa, inoitika kana chikamu chechromosome 21 chinotamiswa panguva yekuumbwa kwesero kuenda kune imwe chromosome. Mhosva idzi hadzina kunyanya kuwanda, asi hadzina kukosha. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo nezve aya maitiro unogona kuverenga zvakawanda mukati genetic maitiro eDown syndrome. Izvo zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti, zvisinei nerudzi rweDown Syndrome, mutakuri ane akasiyana uye chaiwo genetic maitiro. Munhu wega wega akasiyana uye ane hunyanzvi uye hunhu hunovaita vakakosha.
3. Basa reMeiosis muKuvandudza Down Syndrome
La Meiosis ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kukura kweDown syndrome. mumasero. Mukati kupatsanurwa kwesero mukuumbwa kwezai kana urume, kukanganisa kunozivikanwa sekusina-disjunction kunogona kuitika. Izvi zvinoita kuti maviri emachromosomes 21 asaparadzane zvakanaka, zvichiita kuti pave nesperm kana zai rine imwe chromosome 21. Kana zvanzi zai kana kuti urume zvasangana neayo enguva dzose panguva yekusangana, "embryo" inoumbwa iine makopi matatu echromosome 21 pane maviri enguva dzose. Ichi chirwere chinonzi trisomy 21, honzeri huru yeDown syndrome.
Hongu zvakanaka Zvinhu zvinokurudzira kusaparadzana zvichiri nyaya yekudzidza, mamwe masayendisiti anoti zera raamai rinogona kuita basa rinokosha muchikanganiso ichi. Vakadzi vanobata mwana vane makore makumi matatu nemashanu zvichikwira vane mukana wakakura wekuzoita mwana ane Down Syndrome. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mazai evakadzi vakura anowanzo kuve ane chromosomal irregularities yakawanda kupfuura yevakadzi vadiki. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwawo kuverengerwa kuti mubereki wepamberi anogona kuwedzera chiitiko chekukanganisa meiotic musperm.
Kufambira mberi mukurapa uye genetics kuri kubvumira kutsvagisa kwakawanda. Uye kunyangwe Down Syndrome isingadzivirirwe kana kurapika, kukurumidza kuona uye kuwana rubatsiro rwakakodzera uye dzidzo kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya hupenyu hwevanhu ava. Kana iwe uchida rumwe ruzivo nezve kushandiswa kwebiology mumishonga, shanyira zvimwe zvinyorwa zvedu zvinoenderana.
4. Kunzwisisa Zvinorehwa Nenguva Yakareba zveDown Syndrome paUpenyu Hwega
El Down syndrome Inounza nezvinorehwa kwenguva refu muhupenyu hweavo varidzi vayo, asi zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti munhu wega wega akasiyana uye izvi zvinokonzeresa zvinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune mumwe munhu kune mumwe. Mamwe ematambudziko anowanzo sanganisira kunonoka kukura kwemuviri nepfungwa, matambudziko ehutano akadai semoyo nechirwere chekufema, uye kuomerwa nehunyanzvi hwekugarisana nekuzvitarisira. Nekudaro, kurapwa kwekutanga uye nharaunda inotsigira inogona kuenda kure kure mukuvandudza hupenyu hwevanhu ava.
Hupenyu hwevakuru hwemunhu ane Down syndrome hunogona kuunza matambudziko matsva, akadai sekuomerwa mukuzvibata uye kuzvimiririra. Kazhinji, vanhu ava vachavimba nemhuri dzavo kana mamwe masevhisi yerutsigiro munguva zhinji yehupenyu hwavo hwevakuru. Pasinei nematambudziko, Vanhu vakuru vakawanda vane Down syndrome vanogona kurarama upenyu hunogutsa uye hunogutsa., kushanda, kutora chikamu muzviitwa zvekugarisana nevamwe uye kubatsira nharaunda dzavo nenzira dzine musoro.
Zvakakosha kuti mhuri nevachengeti vanzwisise kuzvipira kwenguva refu Kuchengeta kunosanganisirei? yemunhu ane Down syndrome. Zvinorehwa neizvi zvinogona kukanganisa mararamiro emhuri uye mune zvemari. Zvakadaro, zano nerutsigiro rwakakodzera, ingave nyanzvi kana kuburikidza nenharaunda nemapoka ekutsigira, zvinogona kubatsira zvakanyanya. Unogonawo kufarira chinyorwa ichi pa kurapwa uye zvinotsigira Down syndrome.
5. Nzira uye mazano ekuvandudza mararamiro evanhu vane Down syndrome
Kutarisira kwekutanga uye kwakadzama kwakakosha mukuvandudza hupenyu hwevanhu vane Down Syndrome. Iri zano haringotaridzi chete kukura kwemuviri, asiwo pakuziva, manzwiro uye magariro emunhu. Kupa kutarisirwa kwekutanga, senge occupational therapy uye kurapa kwemuviri, kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza hunyanzvi uye hwakakomba hunyanzvi hwemotokari, kurongeka, uye kushanda kwemuviri. Chinangwa chikuru ndechekusimudzira hunyanzvi hwavo uye nekupa maturusi anodiwa kuve nehupenyu hwakazvimiririra kana hafu-yakasununguka munharaunda. Pano Iwe unogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo nezve kukosha kwekutarisira kwekutanga muDown syndrome.
Panzvimbo yechipiri, kubatanidzwa kwevanhu uye kubatanidzwa Ndicho chimwe chinhu chakakosha kuvandudza hupenyu hwevanhu vane Down syndrome. Batanidzwa munharaunda inopa mikana kune network nevamwe vanhu, gadzira zvisungo zveushamwari uye uwane unyanzvi hwemagariro evanhu. Nokudaro, zvinokurudzirwa kutora chikamu mune zvemagariro evanhu, zvemitambo uye zvetsika, pamwe chete nezvirongwa zvekubatanidzwa muzvikoro uye kumabasa.
Pakupedzisira, zvakakosha kusimbisa iyo dzidzo neruzivo senzira yakakosha yekuvandudza hupenyu hwevanhu vane Down syndrome. Kudzidzisa nzanga nezve genetic disorder iyi kunogona kubatsira kubvisa stereotypes yakabatana uye rusaruro. Uyezve, kusimudzira ruremekedzo uye kugamuchirwa kuchakurumidza kubatanidzwa kwevanhu ava uye kuchava nemigumisiro yakanaka pamagariro avo emanzwiro uye kuzviremekedza. Pakupedzisira, zvese izvi zvinhu zvakakosha kuvandudza hupenyu hwevanhu vane Down Syndrome.
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