"Network nzira haina kuwanikwa" kukanganisa kana uchiwana imwe PC: Maitiro ekugadzirisa SMB mukati Windows 11

Kana iwe wakatarisana nemeseji "Network nzira haina kuwanikwa" paunenge uchiedza kuvhura yakagovaniswa folda kana network sosi, usanetseka: hausi wekutanga. Iyi yambiro inowanzoitika mukati Windows 11 kana komputa isingakwanise kuwana kana kuwana iyo UNC nzira yeimwe PC kana NAS. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakonzerwa nefirewall inovharira chiteshi 445, dambudziko nekuwanikwa kwetiweki, sevhisi yeSMB, kana kutadza kugadzirisa zita. Nhau dzakanaka ndedzekuti nekuongorora kwakarongeka kwekugadzirisa uye bvunzo, kazhinji inogona kugadziriswa mumaminitsi..

Muchikamu chino, uchawana nzira yakajeka, yakananga yekuongorora nekugadzirisa SMB resource access in Windows 11. Tichavhara macheki ekukurumidza, masevhisi anofanirwa kunge ari kushanda, mitemo yefirewall, SMB vhezheni rutsigiro, mvumo uye magwaro, mirairo yekuongorora, uye mamwe marongero epamberi enzvimbo dzine midziyo yenhaka kana NAS. Pfungwa ndeyekuti iwe unogona kudzokera mukati \\ PC\Folder kana \\ IP\Resource pasina chero musoroNgatidzidzei zvese nezve kukanganisa "Network nzira haina kuwanikwa" kana uchiwana imwe PC.

"Network nzira haina kuwanikwa" inorevei chaizvo?

Iyo meseji inoratidza kuti Windows haina kukwanisa kugadzirisa kana kusvika kunetiweki nzira yawakapinda. MuSMB, makwara anoshandisa iyo UNC fomati, semuenzaniso \\ COMPUTER \ Yakagoverwa kana \\ 192.168.1.50 \ Yakagoverwa. Kana iyo sisitimu isingakwanise kushandura zita kukero yeIP, kana ikatadza kubatana neSMB port (TCP 445), uchaona kukanganisa uku. Saka zvikonzero zvinowanzopatsanurwa kuita zita rekugadzirisa, kubatana uye mvumo / firewall.

Windows 11 inoshandisa SMB 3.x nekukasira, iyo inomhanya pamusoro peTCP 445 uye haichadi NetBIOS pamusoro peTCP/IP sezvayaimboita. Saka kana chimwe chinhu chichivharisa chiteshi ichocho, kana paine mutemo unoda kusaina kana kuvharirwa usingatsigire mumwe mugumo, kana kana muchina uri kure uine shanduro isingaenderane yeSMB, kubatana kunotadza. Inogona zvakare kuve yakapusa sekunyora zvisizvo kwezita rakagovaniswa folda..

Kuti utange, ita shuwa kuti nzira iripo uye mudziyo uri kure wakabatidzwa. Iedze neIP uye zita kuti udzikise pasi kana dambudziko iri nyaya yekupa mazita (DNS/LLMNR) kana inyaya yekubatanidza yakachena. Kana ikashanda ne \\ Yakagovaniswa \ IP uye kwete ne \\ Yakagovaniswa \ Zita, chinotariswa chiri pakugadziriswa.

Cheki dzekukasika dzinokuchengetedza nguva

Usati wapinda muzvirongwa zvepamberi, pane zvimwe zvakakosha zvakafanirwa kutongerwa kunze. Zviitiko zvakawanda zvinogadziriswa panguva ino.:

• Simbisa kuti ese maturusi ari panetiweki imwechete kana ane nzira pakati pawo (chikamu chimwe chete kana yakafambiswa subnet).
• Edza kupinda neIP: mhando \\192.168.xx\ResourceName muExplorer.
• Ping muridzi: Vhura koni womhanya ping NAME uye ping 192.168.xx kutarisa kusarudzwa kwezita uye kunonoka.
• Mhanya bvunzo yechiteshi: MuPowerShell, Test-NetConnection -ComputerName NAME -Port 445. Kana port 445 yakavharwa, SMB haizobatana.
• Wona kuti iyo inetiweki mbiri ndeye Yakavanzika muZvirongwa> Network & Internet (Manetiweki eruzhinji anorambidza kuwanikwa nekugovana).
• Tarisa zuva uye nguva: misiyano mikuru inoputsa huchokwadi uye siginicha.

Imwe tsanangudzo inowanzoenda isingaonekwe: kana iyo yakagovaniswa sosi yakabviswa kana kupihwa zita, mutengi haasati akwanisa kuiwana kunyangwe network iri yakakwana. Inosimbisa kuti folda ichiri kugoverwa pakombuta iri kure.

Batidza kuwanikwa kwenetiweki uye kugovana faira

Windows 11 inodzima dzimwe sarudzo nekukasira pamanetiweki akaiswa seParuzhinji. Tarisa zvinotevera: Ndiyo mbiru yekuti zvimwe zvikwata zvikuone uye unogona kuzviona..

• Enda kune Zvirongwa> Network & Internet> Yepamberi network marongero> Yepamberi yekugovera sarudzo.
• Pasi pePrivate Profiles, batidza Network Discovery uye Gonesa otomatiki kumisikidzwa kwemidziyo yakabatana kunetiweki.
• Batidzawo File uye Printer Kugovera.
• Pasi peManetiweki Ese, unogona kugonesa Password Yakachengetedzwa Kugovera (inokurudzirwa) kana kuidzima kana iwe uchida kuwana muenzi pane inovimbwa network. Kudzima kunobvumira kupinda pasina mushandisi, asi kunoderedza kuchengetedzeka.

Mushure mekushandisa izvi, edza kuwana kuburikidza neUNC zvakare. Kana muenzi wacho asati aoneka, yeuka kuti Network Explorer inovimba nemaitiro ekutsvaga (WS-Discovery/LLMNR) ayo dzimwe nguva anotadza, saka kutaipa \\ Yakagoverwa IP\ zvakananga ichiri bvunzo yakavimbika. Kugonesa kugovera kunodiwa, asi kwete nguva dzose yakakwana..

Yakakosha Windows Services yeSMB uye Discovery

Mamwe masevhisi ehurongwa anofanirwa kunge achimhanyisa kuwanikwa kweSMB, kutsikisa, uye kuwana zviwanikwa kubasa. Vhura masevhisi.msc uye tarisa: Pasina izvi, network inoramba "yakapofumadzwa".

• Server (LanmanServer): buritsa migove yako.
• Workstation (LanmanWorkstation): SMB mutengi weiyo system.
• Feature Discovery Provider Host (FDResPub) uye Feature Discovery Resource Publishing: Shambadzira zviwanikwa zvako.
• DNS Client uye DHCP Client: yakakosha kune mazita uye IP kero.
• SSDP Discovery uye UPnP Device Host: Batsira nekuwana pane mamwe manetwork.
• Network Nzvimbo Kuziva (NLA): Inoisa iyo network profiles.
• NetBIOS pamusoro peTCP/IP rutsigiro - chete kana iwe uchivimba neNetBIOS munzvimbo dzenhaka.

Gadzirisa ivo kuAutostart (pazvinoshanda) uye vatange ivo kana vakamiswa. Reboot mushure mekuchinja dzimwe nguva inomhanyisa komputa inoonekwa panetiweki..

Firewall uye Antivirus: Gadzira Nzira yeSMB

Chiteshi chikuru cheSMB yemazuva ano iTCP 445. Pamakombiyuta ekare, TCP 139 neUDP 137–138 (NetBIOS) dzingangotanga kushanda, asi paWindows 11, 445 ndiyo yakajairika. Kana firewall ichivharira 445, uchaona "Network nzira haina kuwanikwa" kana nguva yekubuda.

• Mu Control Panel> Windows Defender Firewall> Bvumira app, simbisa kuti “Faira neprinta kugovera (SMB-In)” inotenderwa pane angangoita Private network.
• Kana iwe uri kushandisa yechitatu-bato firewall (kana antivirus), gadzira inbound mutemo weTCP 445 pakombuta inobata iyo yakagovaniswa folda.
• Dzima firewall kuti uedze. Kana ikashanda, dzorera zvakare uye gadzirisa mitemo. Usaisiye yakaremara zvachose.

Neyechitatu-bato antivirus, mamwe anosanganisira "smart firewalls" kana kuongorora traffic iyo inogona kukanganisa SMB. Funga nezvenetiweki yemuno kana SMB kusarudzika kudzivirira “kunyarara” kukiya..

SMB Shanduro uye Tsigiro: SMB1, SMB2/3, Kusaina uye Encryption

Windows 11 inouya neSMB 2/3 inogoneswa uye SMB 1 yakaremara kuchengetedza. Kana uri kuwana zvishandiso zvekare (zvekare NAS, maprinta ane chengetedzo, Windows XP/Server 2003, nezvimwewo), vanogona kungotaura SMB 1. Dzivisa SMB1 kunze kwekunge zvichidikanwa.

Tarisa kubva kuPowerShell: anoita mirairo yekuongorora

Get-SmbClientConfiguration
Get-SmbServerConfiguration
Test-NetConnection -ComputerName NOMBRE -Port 445

Kana iwe uchida SMB 1 rutsigiro kwechinguva, enda kuWindows Zvimiro uye gonesa "SMB 1.0/CIFS" (mutengi kana sevha sezvinodiwa). Ishandise zvishoma uye chete pane akavimbika network. Imwe nzira ndeyekuvandudza iyo NAS firmware kana chinja kune mudziyo unotsigira SMB2/3..

Tarisa zvakare SMB kusaina / encryption: Kana imwe yekupedzisira ichida kusaina uye imwe isingaite, kubatana kunotadza. Mune mitemo yemunharaunda (gpedit.msc): Kugadzirisa Kwekombiyuta> Administrative Templates> Network> Microsoft Network Workstation/Server, sarudza "Digitally Sign" kuti ienderane nenharaunda yako. Munzvimbo dzekumba, kumanikidza siginicha kazhinji hazvikodzeri uye zvinogona kukanganisa kuenderana nemidziyo yekare..

Mvumo uye Zvitupa: NTFS + Kugovera

Kungoti nzira iripo uye chiteshi chakavhurika hazvina kukwana; iwe unoda mvumo yakakodzera pane yakagovaniswa sosi uye iyo faira system. Pakombuta yekugovana, vhura Folder Properties> Kugovera> Yepamberi Kugovera uye tarisa vashandisi kana mapoka ane mukana. Kuti uedze, unogona kupa "Verenga" kune "Munhu wese" uye wobva wagadzirisa.

PaChengetedzo (NTFS) tebhu, ita shuwa kuti iyo imwe account kana boka rakaverenga / kunyora mvumo sezvakakodzera. Rangarira: mvumo inoshanda ndiyo mharadzano yeNTFS uye Yakagovaniswa. Imwe ichibvumira uye imwe ichiramba inovhara kupinda..

Pamutengi, kana ukakumbirwa zvitupa, isa zita rekushandisa uye password yekombuta iri kure (kana domain, kana zvichibvira). Iwe unogona kuzvichengeta muCredential Manager kuti usazoanyora nguva dzese. Kana mushandisi ane zita rimwechete nepassword aripo pamakomputa ese ari maviri, chokwadi chiri pachena..

Kugadzira mepu nemumwe mushandisi kubva kuconsole:

net use \\SERVIDOR\Compartida /user:SERVIDOR\Usuario LaContraseña /persistent:yes

Kana ikadzoka "Kupinda kwarambwa" asi kwete "Netiweki nzira haina kuwanikwa," iwe wafambira mberi: wasvika mugamuchiri uye yave nguva yekugadzirisa mvumo kana zvitupa. Ndiko kukanganisa kwakasiyana kunofanira kusiyaniswa..

Kugadzirisa mazita: DNS, LLMNR, uye NetBIOS

Kana \\ Yakagovaniswa IP \ ichishanda asi \\ Yakagovaniswa Zita \ isingaite, dambudziko inyaya yekunetsa. Pamanetiweki epamba, dzimwe nguva router haigadzirise Windows hostnames. Edza kugara uchishandisa IP kana kugadzira zvinyorwa mumafaira evaenzi sekugadzirisa nekukurumidza..

Edza mirairo iyi kuongorora zita rekugadzirisa uye caches

ping NOMBRE
ping 192.168.1.50
nbtstat -R
ipconfig /flushdns

Munzvimbo dzine DNS wega (hofisi/domain), tarisa kuti vatengi vari kushandisa chaiyo DNS server uye kuti A rekodhi riripo kumuenzi. LLMNR uye mDNS inogona kubatsira padiki network, asi haina kupusa. Pakuyedzwa, mepu neIP inokurumidza kubvisa kusahadzika kupi zvako..

Chenesa zvinongedzo uye tangazve network stack

Dzimwe nguva dambudziko rinobva kune yakanamatira SMB zvikamu kana cached zvitupa. Chenesa uye tangazve network zvikamu: Mushonga wechishamiso mushure mekuedza kunoverengeka kwakakundikana..

net use * /delete /y
ipconfig /flushdns
ipconfig /registerdns
nbtstat -R
netsh winsock reset
netsh int ip reset

Tangazve komputa yako mushure mekuita mirairo iyi. Woedza kuwana iyo Shared IP kero zvakare. Kana ikashanda izvozvi, dambudziko raive nemacache kana zvigadziko zvakaipa..

Magadzirirwo emitemo yenzvimbo yenzvimbo dzakasanganiswa

Pamanetiweki ane zvicherwa zvekare kana maseva ane mitemo yakasimba, mutengi uye sevha anogona kusa "kutaurirana" zvakanaka. Vhura gpedit.msc kuti uongorore marongero uye gadzirisa zvakakodzera:

• Kugadzirisa Kombuta> Administrative Templates> Network> Microsoft Network Workstation: Inoda siginecha yedhijitari (dzima izvi kana sevha isingaitsigire panguva yekuyedzwa).
• Kugadzirisa Kombuta> Administrative Matemplate> Network> SMB Mutengi/Sevha: SMB dialect mishoma uye maximum kana nharaunda yako ichiida. Kazhinji, siya SMB2/3 seyakagadzika..
• Kugadzirisa Kombuta> Administrative Templates> Network> Microsoft Network Workstation> Insecure Guest Logon: Gonesa izvi chete kana iwe uchida kuwana muenzi kumidziyo yenhaka.
• Chengetedzo Settings> Chengetedzo Sarudzo> Network Chengetedzo: LAN Manager Authentication Level: Shandisa NTLMv2 kana zvichibvira; dzikisa nhanho chete yemakomputa enhaka, uchiziva njodzi.

Kuti upinde nemaakaundi ekutonga emunharaunda pamusoro petiweki pane mamwe edition, ungangoda kugadzira iyo registry kukosha LocalAccountTokenFilterPolicy=1 muHKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System. Ishandise zvine hungwaru uye chete pamanetiweki akavimbika..

Ongororo pakombuta inogovera folda

Kana dambudziko rikaramba riripo, tarisa kumugadziri uyo "anoshumira" folda: Ndiko kwauchawana mashura akawanda..

• Simbisa kuti "Server (LanmanServer)" sevhisi iri kushanda.
• Tarisa kuti folda yacho yakagovaniswa here uye kuti zita rekushandisa rakarurama (Properties> Sharing> Advanced Sharing).
• Vhura Chiitiko Chekuona> Windows Logs> System uye tsvaga zvinyorwa zvine chekuita ne “Srv”, “SMBServer” kana “LanmanServer”.
• Tarisa kuti hapana software yekuchengetedza iri kuvharira inopinda 445/TCP kubatana.
• Edza kupa kwenguva pfupi mvumo ye "Verenga" kune "Munhu wese" paKugovera uye NTFS kuti ubvise mvumo. Zvadaro dzokera kune yakachengeteka kugadzirisa.

Kana iyo iri kure inotambira iri NAS, tarisa dashboard yayo kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti SMB sevhisi iri kushanda, iyo SMB shanduro yainobvumira (zvishoma uye zvakanyanya), ingave ichida kusaina / encryption, uye izvo vashandisi vane mvumo. Pane yekare NAS, kugonesa SMB2 kazhinji ndiyo kiyi..

Zvikanganiso zvinoenderana nemadudzirwo acho

"Network nzira haina kuwanikwa" inowanzoperekedzwa nekodhi 0x80070035 kana system error 53. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti muenzi kana nzira haigoni kugadziriswa kana kusvika. Nekudaro, kana iwe ukaona 0x80070005 (Kupinda Kwarambwa), yekubatanidza yatovepo uye nyaya iri nemvumo kana zvitupa. Kusiyanisa rudzi rwechikanganiso kunotungamira kuongororwa kwako.

0x80004005 (chikanganiso chisina kutaurwa) chinogonawo kuoneka nekuda kwekutadza kweSMB generic kana kana nhaurirano yekuchengeteka ikatadza. Muzviitiko izvi, gonesa kuongorora kana kuongorora Chiitiko Chekuona kune mamwe mameseji akadzama kubva kune SMB mutengi uye server. Izvo zvakawanda zvinongedzo izvo chiitiko chinokupa iwe, iwe nekukurumidza iwe unosvika kune chikonzero..

Kana iwe ukawana zvishandiso zvenhaka (yekare NAS, maprinta, midhiya mabhokisi)

Kune zvishandiso zvisingatsigire SMB2/3, une akati wandei sarudzo dzenguva pfupi, uchiisa pamberi pekuchengetedza:

• Gonesa "SMB 1.0/CIFS Client" muWindows Features pakombiyuta yemutengi. Chengetedza chete kwenguva yakareba sezvinodiwa.
• PaNAS, simudza shanduro shoma kuSMB2 kana firmware ichibvumira; dzima muenzi asingazivikanwe uye shandisa mazita ekushandisa/password.
• Kana chishandiso chichida NTLMv1, seta kwenguva pfupi iyo "LAN Manager Authentication Level" mutemo kune inotsigirwa modhi.
• Tarisa uone kana sevha ichida kusaina SMB; kuenzanisa mutemo uyu kumativi ose kunodzivirira kurambwa chinyararire.

Kana kukwidziridza kusingaite uye iwe unoshandisa mudziyo wako zuva nezuva, funga kutsiva mudziyo kana kutsvaga imwe yakachengeteka imwe nzira (semuenzaniso, yazvino microserver kana NAS). Chengetedzo uye kuenderana kunokuchengetedza iwe misoro mukufamba kwenguva..

Mazano anoshanda uye anobatsira diagnostics

Aya mapfupi anokurumidza kuvhenekwa uye kukubatsira kusimbisa kubatana:

• Explorer: Nyora \\ Yakagovaniswa\ IP zvakananga kuparadzanisa nyaya dzezita.
• PowerShell: Test-NetConnection -ComputerName IP -Port 445 kusimbisa chiteshi.
• CMD: mambure maonero \\ SERVER kunyora migove kana SMB yekubatanidza yakanaka.
• PowerShell: Tora-SmbSession pane sevha kuti uone zvinoshanda uye zvikanganiso. Inokuudza kuti ndiani ari kubatanidza uye sei.
• Bvisa zombie mappings: shandisa mambure * /delete /yy remap ine magwaro akajeka.

Imwe matipi: chinja yako network profile to Private kana ichiita sePublic, kunyanya pane itsva Wi-Fi network. Izvi zvinovhura kuwanikwa uye kugovera nekusarudzika. Unozoiwana muZvirongwa> Network & Internet> Network Properties.

Chekupedzisira, kuchengeta madhiraivha etiweki yako ari-ku-zvino kunodzivirira kusawirirana neazvino SMB maficha (kuburitsa, RSS, nezvimwewo). MuMutariri Wechishandiso, tarisa zvigadziriso zveEthernet/Wi-Fi adapta yako kana kuidhawunirodha kubva kumugadziri. Mutyairi wekare anogona "kutyora" izvo zvaunoda chete.

Kana iwe wasvika kure nekuyedza zvese kubva pakubatana, kuwanikwa, masevhisi, firewall, SMB, mvumo, uye marongero, iwe unofanirwa kukwanisa kuvhura folda yaimboramba kuedza kwako. Iko "Network nzira haina kuwanikwa" kukanganisa kunonzwika kwakakomba, asi kazhinji kunokonzerwa nekugadzirisa kwakasununguka kana mutemo usipo; yambowanikwa, Kuwanikwa ne \\ Zita kana \\ IP iri kushanda zvakare sezvainofanira.

Nyaya yakafanana:

Chii chinonzi Safe Mode neNetworking uye kuti ungashandise sei kugadzirisa Windows pasina kuidzosera?

Cristian Garcia

Aida nezve tekinoroji kubva achiri mudiki. Ini ndinoda kuva nemazuva ano muchikamu uye, pamusoro pezvose, kutaura nezvazvo. Ndokusaka ndakazvipira kutaurirana pane tekinoroji uye vhidhiyo mutambo mawebhusaiti kwemakore mazhinji ikozvino. Unogona kundiwana ndichinyora nezve Android, Windows, MacOS, iOS, Nintendo kana chero imwe nyaya ine hukama inouya mupfungwa.