Kana keyboard yako isiri kushanda muVirtualBox: gwara kune zvinokonzeresa uye mhinduro

Iyo keyboard painomira kupindura mukati memuchina chaiwo, manzwiro acho ndeekuvharika kwese: haugone kupinda mukati, mbeva haishande, uye mushure mekuyedza kwechinguva, zvinoita sekunge VM inotonhora. Iyi mamiriro akajairika kupfuura zvinoita muVirtualBoxkunyanya nemasanganiswa chaiwo ehardware, muenzi uye muenzi OS, uye mamwe magadzirirwo ekhibhodi.

Muchinyorwa chino unowana wongororo yakazara yezvikonzero chaizvo uye zvigadziriso zvinoenderana nezviitiko zvakaita se Windows 10 tambira neOracle VirtualBox 6.1 uye Kali Linux muenzi akashanda zvakanaka pabhutsu yekutanga asi, mushure mekuvhara nekutangazve, Hapana kiibhodhi kana mbeva dzakapindura, uye pasina nguva VM yakabva yaoma.Isu tichatarisawo iwo wakajairika musoro musoro neCtrl kiyi muDebian uye enigma yekudzokera kumashure paGerman keyboards (AltGr + ß) mukati meLinux, pamwe nedambudziko rekare: iyo Num Lock mamiriro ari kunze kwekuenderana pakati pemuenzi nemuenzi. Ngatidzidzei zvose nezvazvo. Kana keyboard yako isiri kushanda muVirtualBox, heano matanho ekugadzirisa.

Chekutanga pane zvese: nzwisisa mamiriro uye zviratidzo

Kune akati wandei matambudziko profiles akaunganidzwa muzviitiko chaizvo: imwe yacho ndeye Windows 10 host uye VirtualBox 6.1.22 r144080 ine Kali Linux muenzi pasina Guest Additions kana Host ExtensionsMushure mekutumira iyo VM nekuitanga, zvese zvaive zvakanaka; asi mushure mekuvhara kwekutanga, paunotangazve, keyboard haina kunyora, mbeva haifambi, uye mushure memaminitsi mashomanana, muchina chaiwo unodzima.

Munzvimbo imwe chete iyoyo, RAM uye vhidhiyo yekurangarira zvigadziriso zvakashandurwa, sarudzo dzekuisa dzakagadziriswa, uye USB mafirita akabviswa uye akawedzerwa, pasina kubudirira. AMD-V yakagoneswa (kana iwe uchida nhungamiro ye gonesa virtualization paPC yangu) uye pakanga pasina kutevedzana kweHyper-V. Zvakafanana, pakanga paine kusahadzika nekiyi yeHost (iyo iri muVirtualBox inotsiva masanganiswa seCtrl+Alt) uye nemanyorero ekunyora backslash \ muKali muenzi uchishandisa chimiro cheGerman (mushandisi akaedza Ctrl+Alt+ß, Host+ß uye marudzi ese emasanganiswa).

Pane imwe kumberi, vashandisi vane Debian Squeeze muenzi anomhanya paWheezy host akataura izvozvo Kiyi yeCtrl yaisashanda mukati memuenzi.Semuenzaniso, mu nano, kudzvanya ^X kwaizoratidza zviri nyore "x" pachiratidziri. Misiyano yakadai sekushandisa kuruboshwe kana kurudyi Ctrl uye kushandura kiyi yeHost kune yekurudyi logo kiyi, ine default kiibhodhi marongero muChirungu (USA), yakaedzwa, asi bug yakaramba mune zvimwe zvikamu.

Tarisa izvo zvakakosha: kiyi kutora, kiyi yekutambira, uye kupokana

VirtualBox ine sarudzo inonzi "Auto Capture keyboard". Kana yakaremara, iyo keyboard inogona kuramba iri pane iyo host uye matsimba haasvike kumuenziEnda kuFaira> Zvaunofarira> Input uye simbisa kuti otomatiki kubatwa kunogoneswa. Zvakare, tarisa kana muganho weVM wehwindo unoratidza kuti kutarisisa kuri mukati.

The Host kiyi (nekuda, Right Ctrl) ndiyo kiyi. Kana waichinja kuti iite AltGr (Kurudyi Alt) kana kukiyi yaunoda mukati memuenzi (semuenzaniso, kunyora "\" muchiGerman neAltGr+ß), uchanetseka nekuti VirtualBox inodudzira kiyi iyoyo sekiyi yeHost. Dzivisa kugadzirisa AltGr sekiyi yekugamuchira.Shandisa iyo yekurudyi Ctrl kana yekurudyi logo kiyi, uye ita shuwa kuti VirtualBox haibire makiyi makiyi anodiwa nemuenzi.

Imwe cheki inoita seyakajeka asi inobatsira: edza iyo Kuruboshwe Ctrl uye kurudyi CtrlPane akanyorwa nyaya apo mumwe wevaviri anopindura uye imwe yacho isingaite, nekuda kwemamepu emuenzi system kana kuti chaiyo application (nano, X kana koni) iri kuverenga zviitiko zvekhibhodi.

Num Kiya kunze kwekuwirirana pakati pemuenzi nemuenzi

Pane chiitiko chenhoroondo muVirtualBox umo iyo Num Lock state inogona "kudzoserwa kumashure" pakati pemuenzi nemuenzi: kana ichinge yagoneswa pamuenzi, Inoratidzika kunge yakaremara muVMuye neimwe nzira. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kuti keypad yenhamba iite semiseve kune rimwe divi ichishanda senhamba kune rimwe divi.

Mhinduro ndeyekumanikidza VirtualBox kuti irege kuwiriranisa iyo keyboard LEDs nemuenzi. PaWindows, vhura chirevo chekuraira semaneja, famba uchienda kuVirtualBox yekuisa folda (kazhinji "C: \\ Program Files \\ Oracle \\ VirtualBox") uye mhanyisa unotevera kuraira, kugadzirisa iro chairo zita reVM yako:

VBoxManage setextradata "Nombre de la máquina virtual entrecomillado" GUI/HidLedsSync "0"

Kana izvi zvashandiswa, kana Num Lock ikabatidzwa pakombuta yako yekutambira, Zvichavawo mumuenziInzira yekukurumidza yekudzivirira kugara uchichinja pakati peaviri masisitimu. Kana iwe ukashandisa iyo numpad zvakanyanya, zvinokuchengetera dambudziko rakawanda.

Iyo backslash kiyi muLinux ine German keyboard: AltGr, Ctrl uye Host kiyi

Mukugovera seKali nekugoverwa kweGerman, iyo backslash \ inowanzo kunyorwa ne AltGr+ßMunzvimbo dzakawanda dzeLinux, Ctrl + Alt inodudzirwa seyakaenzana neAltGr, saka inoshandawo. Nekudaro, kana iwe wakapa kiyi yekugamuchira kuAltGr muVirtualBox, musanganiswa hausvike kumuenzi.

Kuti ugadzirise izvi, tarisa muFaira> Zvaunofarira> Nyora kuti kiyi yako yeHost chii uye sarudza isingapesane neAltGr. Iko kukosha kweiyo (kurudyi Ctrl) kazhinji ndiyo inonzwisisika.Tevere, mukati memuenzi anoshanda sisitimu, tarisa iyo keyboard marongero: muKali, unogona kuichinja kubva kune graphical interface kana ne setxkbmap. Semuyenzaniso:

setxkbmap de

Kana iwe uchiri kutadza kunyora iyo backslash, edza iyo "German (nodeadkeys)" mepu musiyano mune yako desktop nharaunda yekhibhodi sarudzo. Kudzivisa makiyi akafa kunobatsira kuita kuti AltGr iwedzere kunangaUye rangarira: usashandise misanganiswa nekiyi yeHost kutaipa; kiyi yeHost ndeye VirtualBox mapfupi, kwete emuenzi.

Kana Ctrl isingashande muDebian kana nano inofuratira mapfupi

Idi rokuti nano, paunodzvanya ^X, “x” rinobuda panzvimbo pekuvhara, rinopa pfungwa iyoyo Ctrl haisi kuonekwa sechigadziridzoIzvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nemepu yekiibhodhi isiriyo, X layer isingatore inogadzirisa, kana kupokana nekiyi yekugamuchira.

Kurudziro inoshanda yakavakirwa pamakesi chaiwo ane Debian Squeeze muenzi paWheezy host: simbisa kuti mepu yevaenzi ndeyechokwadi ("isu" kana keyboard yako iri USA) ne "dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration" kana "localectl" pane itsva masisitimu. Chinja kiyi yeHost kune kiyi kunze kweCtrl Kwete AltGr, semuenzaniso, kana kiyi yelogo chaiyo. Uye edza mapfupi mune yakachena console (TTY) uye mukati meX kudzikisa pasi dambudziko.

Kana ikangotadza mune yakatarwa graphical terminal, edza imwe (semuenzaniso, tsiva iyo default terminal ne xterm kana gnome-terminal) kuti uone kana iri nzira yekudimbudzira yekubata. Mamwe emulators anobata misanganiswa uye zvinoda kuvamisa mune zvavanoda.

VirtualBox zvigadziriso zvinobata keyboard uye mbeva

Muzvirongwa zveVM, pasi peSystem> Motherboard, tarisa chinongedza mudziyo: "PS/2 Mouse", "USB Tablet" kana "USB Multi-Touch Tablet". Kune vakawanda vashanyi veLinux, USB Tablet inovandudza pointer kubatanidzwa.Kana iwe ukaona mbeva ichitonhora, shandura pakati peidzo sarudzo uye tarisa.

MuSystem> processor, dzivirira kugonesa kukwidziridza kupfuura zvinodiwa kana ukasangana nekubondera mushure memaminitsi mashoma. Kunyangwe AMD-V ikagoneswa, Haufanire kubata nesting kana advanced paravirtualization. Kuita kuti keyboard ishande, tarisa pane Input chikamu.

Pa USB, bvisa chero mafirita ausiri kushandisa. Mafirita e USB asina kurongeka anogona... Bata kiibhodhi kana mbeva kunze kwemugamuchiriIzvi zvinokusiya usina kudzora muWindows nepo VM ichiedza "kuibata". Kana iwe uchida USB 2.0 / 3.0 muenzi, isa iyo Extension Pack inoenderana neyako chaiyo vhezheni yeVirtualBox, nekuti pasina iyo, advanced USB rutsigiro haishande nemazvo. Kuti uongorore magadzirirwo eVM, shandisa sarudzo muVirtualBox interface.

Yekuwedzera Yevaenzi uye Yekuwedzera Pack: Vanoita mutsauko rinhi?

Kusave neGuest Additions kana Host Extensions (Extension Pack) yakaiswa hazvitadzise iyo yakakosha keyboard kushanda, asi. Kubatanidzwa kunovandudzwa zvakanyanya neGuest AdditionsKune Kali kana Debian, isa iyo kernel misoro uye nyora mamodule:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y build-essential dkms linux-headers-$(uname -r)
sudo sh /media/<usuario>/VBox_GAs_*/VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

Mushure mekutangazve, iyo yakabatanidzwa mbeva uye clipboard kuwiriranisa kunowanzo kuita zvirinani. Kuwedzerwa kwevaenzi hakugadzirisi kiyi yekugamuchira yakasarudzikaNekudaro, ivo vanodzivirira zvikanganiso zvekupinda uye nekumhanyisa iyo giraidhi layer, iyo mune dzimwe nguva yakakonzera kuparara kuri pachena. Kana iwe uchida mirairo chaiyo ye gadziridza VirtualBox Guest Additions Bvunza gwara rakakodzera.

Nezve iyo Extension Pack: iise pane iyo host chete kana iwe uchiida USB 2.0/3.0, VRDP kana PXE yeIntel. Nyanisa shanduro yacho chaizvo (semuenzaniso, 6.1.22 r144080 neExtension Pack 6.1.22 yako) kudzivirira kusawirirana.

Kana zvese zvikaputsika mushure mekutangazve kutanga: matipi uye kugadzirisa

VM inoshanda pabhutsu yayo yekutanga uye yozotadza kazhinji inonongedza kutaura shanduko dzinoitika panguva yekuvharwa: kuwiriranisa kwe LED (Num Lock), kudzoreredza kiyi, USB mafirita anovhura, kana imwe bug mune chaiyo vhezheni yeVirtualBox.

Mirayiridzo inoshanda mune iyoyo mamiriro (Windows 10 muenzi + Kali muenzi):
-Kudzima zvese mafirita kwenguva pfupi uye bhutsu kumusoro. Kana iyo keyboard ikadzoka, wawana ane mhosva. uye unogona kunatsa sefa gare gare.
-Chinja chinongedza mudziyo pakati pePS/2 uye USB Tablet kuti uone kana mbeva yamira kutonhora.
- Ita shuwa otomatiki kiyi kubatwa uye kuti kiyi yeHost haisi AltGr.
- Nyorera iyo Num Lock kuseta neGUI/HidLedsSync «0» kudzivirira nyika dzakapinda.
- Simudzira kune ichangoburwa yakatsiga yekuputsisa bazi 6.1 (kana kumusoro) kana uri pa6.1.22 r144080; Mazhinji mabhugi anogadziriswa pakati pekuvaka..

Kana iwe uchifungidzira Hyper-V asi uchitenda kuti haisi kushanda, simbisa muWindows ne "Batidza kana kudzima Windows maficha" uye usatarise Hyper-V, Windows Hypervisor Platform, uye WSL2 kana usingadi. Hyper-V inogona kukanganisa virtualizationkunyangwe AMD-V ichishanda muBIOS.

Mamepu ekibhodhi uye marongerwo pakati pemuenzi nemuenzi

Izvo zvakakosha kuti dhizaini yemuenzi ienderane nechimiro chekibhodhi yako. Kana keyboard yako iri German uye muenzi anofunga kuti US, Iyo backslash haizove kwaunoitarisira.Rongedza muLinux uchishandisa graphical maturusi kana mirairo:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration
# o
setxkbmap de
# variantes útiles
setxkbmap de nodeadkeys

Munzvimbo dzine graphical, tarisawo "Dead keys" sarudzo uye woidzima kana iwe uchiwanzoshandisa mapfupi neAltGr. Kugadzira mepu kwakaringana kunodzivirira chikamu che80% chetsaona. nezviratidzo zvakaita se \, @ kana | iyo shanduko pakati pekugovera.

VirtualBox mapfupi anogona kukanganisa

VirtualBox ine mapfupi ayo uchishandisa Host kiyi, semuenzaniso, ku sunungura chitubu kana shandura skrini modhiKana iwe ukazviputira nekusaziva nemapfupi evaenzi, VirtualBox "inohwina." Mune Zvaunofarira> Input> Shortcuts, ongorora uye dzima chero mapfupi anopesana neako mafambiro ebasa, kunyanya kana iwe ukaita yakawanda hurongwa kana kugadzirisa mune terminal.

A classic: kana iwe ukagovera Host + Del ku "Isa Ctrl+Alt+Del", unogona kuedza kushandisa masanganiswa akafanana muenzi uye kushamiswa nemaitiro anoshamisa. Siya chete zvakakosha zvinoshanda kuderedza kupokana.

Kukurumidza kuongororwa danho nedanho

Kana zvimwe zvese zvatadza, shandisa iyi mini-sarudzo dhizaini, inopfupikisa zvatakaona muzviitiko zvepasirese nematanho akashanda:
-Iyo VM hwindo rakatariswa uye kiyi yekubata inoshanda here? Kana zvisiri, zvigonese. Pasina kutarisisa, muenzi hapana chaanotambira..
- Ndiyo kiyi yeHost AltGr? Chinja kuti ive kurudyi Ctrl kana kurudyi logo kiyi.
- Ko Num Lock yakadzoserwa pakati pemuenzi nemuenzi? Isa GUI/HidLedsSync "0".
-Mafirita e USB anoshanda here? Vadzima uye edza zvakare.
- Mepu yekhibhodi ndeyechokwadi pamuenzi here? Gadzirisa nesetxkbmap kana dpkg-reconfigure.
Inongokundikana chete muX kana muTTY chete? Edza imwe terminal kana tarisa emulator mapfupi.
- Uri kushandisa yekare vhezheni yeVirtualBox? Gadziridza kune yazvino vhezheni yebazi rako.
- Unoda USB 2.0/3.0? Isa iyo Extension Pack inoenderana neshanduro yako.

Kana iyo VM ichiri kutonhora mushure mezvose izvi, gadzira VM nyowani inonongedza kune imwecheteyo dhisiki yekudzora huwori hwekugadzirisa. Kazhinji dhisiki rakanaka uye ndiro .vbox faira riri kukonzera dambudzikoKunzwisisa nzira yekuvhura kana kugadzirisa a .vbox file Bvunza gwara rakakodzera. Kupinza zvakare mudziyo (OVA) imhinduro yekukurumidza kana iyo yaive nzvimbo yako yekutanga.

Zvatakadzidza kubva kuzviitiko chaizvo

Nezve nyaya ye Windows 10 + VirtualBox 6.1.22 + Kali: musanganiswa wekusave neGuest Additions kana Extension Pack, pamwe ne USB mafirita uye kusava nechokwadi nezve Host kiyi, Yakapera muchiitiko cheakafa keyboard nembeva Mushure mekuvhara kwekutanga, kuseta kiyi yeHost kune kurudyi Ctrl, kudzima mafirita e USB, uye kugonesa otomatiki kiyi kudzoreredzwa kudzoreredzwa. Kugadzirisa Num Lock kuwiriranisa kwakadzivirira kusarongeka kana uchichinja pakati pemasisitimu.

Panyaya yeDebian Squeeze: ine mepu yakasarudzika yeUSA uye kiyi yeHost yakaendeswa kune kiyi yekurudyi, vamwe vashandisi havana kukwanisa kushandisa Ctrl mu nano. nepo vamwe vakakwanisa kudzokorora Ctrl+X pasina nyayaMusiyano wacho? Mamiriro ezvinhu (console vs X), iyo terminal emulator, uye nzira yekudimbudzira. Kuitora kuTTY uye kutarisa ikoko kwakabatsira kupatsanura dambudziko kubva kudivi remifananidzo.

Uye nezve AltGr + ß nyaya: VirtualBox haisi mhosva kana mepu yevaenzi isiriyo kana tikaba AltGr yeKiyi yeHost. PaLinux, AltGr inoera kune zviratidzo kufanana \ kana | mune kumwe kugoverwa; kuchengetedza kiyi iyoyo yeVirtualBox kwakafanana nekugadzira yakazvimisikidza block.

Quick FAQ

Ini ndinofanira kuisa Guest Additions kuti keyboard ishande? Kwete, iyo yakakosha keyboard inoshanda pasina ivoAsi iyo yekubatanidza (mbeva, skrini, clipboard) inovandudza zvakanyanya neAdditions uye kazhinji inobvisa zvisinganzwisisike.

Hyper-V inogona kutyora kiibhodhi muVirtualBox? Pamakomputa eWindows, Hyper-V inogona kukanganisa virtualization Kazhinji. Dzima kana usingazvidi (uye tangazve) kuti usaite kusawirirana.

Sei ichingokundikana mu nano? Nekuti nano, iyo terminal, kana X inogona kuva kudimburira kana kududzirazve modhifitaEdza kushandisa TTY (Ctrl+Alt+F2) kutarisa kana iri system kana girafu layer dambudziko.

Chii chinoitika kuNum Lock paunotanga VM? Dzimwe shanduro dzeVirtualBox Vanorasa mamiriro e LED pakati pemuenzi nemuenzi. Iyo GUI/HidLedsSync kuseta "0" inoisiya iri pasi pesimba remuenzi.

Mushure mekuyedza nzira dzese idzi, kiyibhodhi inowanzo dzoka kuhupenyu nekugadzirisa mapoinzi matatu: kudzivirira AltGr sekiyi yeKugamuchira, kubatanidza mepu yekhibhodi yevaenzi nemepu yekiribhoni yemugamuchiri, uye kusarerekera Num Lock desynchronization neVBoxManage command. Kana iwewo uchichenesa USB mafirita, gonesa kubatwa otomatiki, uye ive shuwa kuti uri kushandisa inoenderana shanduro yeVirtualBox uye yayo Extension Pack.Iyo "ghost" mouse uye keyboard nyaya dzinopera. Uye kana iwe ukaona wakanamatira kiyi yeCtrl isingashande muDebian kana hutsinye hwekudzokera kumashure muKali ine chimiro cheGerman, rangarira: edza TTY, tarisa mapfupi mapfupi, uye usape VirtualBox kiyi inodiwa neLinux kunyora akakosha zviratidzo.