Zvakanakira uye rubatsiro kumhuri huru muSpain

Kana paine vanhu vakawanda pamba uye mabhiri ari kukwira sefuro, zvinokurudzirwa kuziva zvese zvakadzama. zvakanakira uye rubatsiro kumhuri huru zviripo muSpain. Kune kubviswa kwemutero wemari yaunowana, mabhenefiti, kuderedzwa kwezvifambiso, uye zvakanakira mudzidzo, pekugara, uye kushandisa izvo, kana zvabatanidzwa, zvinoguma nekuchengetedza zvinobatika mwedzi nemwedzi.

Muna 2025, matanho akasiyana achachengetwa uye akawedzerwa, uye dzimwe nharaunda dzinozvitonga dzichaunza kuvandudzwa. Pano, zvakatsanangurwa zvakadzama, ndizvo zvaunogona kukumbira, kuti uchabhadharwa marii, ndiani anokodzera uye maitiro ekugadzirisa rubatsiro rwega rwega kuitira kuti usasiye imwe euro patafura.

Chii chinonzi mhuri huru, mapoka uye nzira yekuzviratidza nayo?

Mitemo inotora mhuri huru, semutemo wega wega, kuve iwo mhuri dzine vana vatatu kana kupfuura (biological, adopted or fostered), kunyangwe painewo nyaya dzine vana vaviri kana mamiriro akaita sekuremara kana mubereki mumwe aitika. Chinokosha kusiyanisa pakati chikamu chakazara (vatatu kana vana vana; zvakare vaviri vane dzimwe nyaya dzekuremara kwevana kana vabereki) uye chikamu chakakosha (vana vashanu kana kupfuura, kana vana mune mamwe mamiriro ehupfumi).

Kuti uwane akawanda mabhenefiti aunoda iwe zita repamutemo remhuri huru, yakabudiswa nenharaunda yako yakasununguka. Gwaro iri rinosimbisa chimiro chako uye rinovhura musuwo wekubvisirwa mutero, zvidzikiso zvekufambisa, mabhenefiti edzidzo, uye rumwe rubatsiro rweveruzhinji.

Iine zita riri muruoko, manejimendi mazhinji anopa kurapwa kwakasarudzika: kubva pakutanga mune zvidzidzo uye nzvimbo dzevana kusvika pakudzikiswa kwemari yeyunivhesiti uye yechikoro. Kuchengeta zvinyorwa zvako zviri maererano (kuvandudzwa, shanduko yenhengo, kuremara, nezvimwewo) kunoita kuti kuwana rubatsiro kuve nyore.

 

Rubatsiro uye zvakabviswa zvinotungamirirwa neTreasury (IRPF)

Masimba emitero inopa zvakabviswa zvakati wandei zvinorerutsa mutero wemutero wemunhu uye zvinogona kuunganidzwa pachine nguva. Zvinotevera ndiwo mashoko zvakakosha zvakabviswa uye zvavanoda, kusanganisira izvo zvinonyanya kukosha zvedunhu zvinosanganisirwa muzvinyorwa zvereferensi.

Kubviswa kumhuri huru (nyika)

Ndiyo imwe yemabhenefiti ane simba emutero. Inomiririra kusvika €1.200 pagore (€ 100 pamwedzi) yeruzhinji chikamu, uye inogona kupetwa kaviri kune iyo chikamu chakakosha kana mamiriro akazadzikiswa. Inoshandiswa kumutero wemutero wega wega uye inogona kuunganidzwa sekubhadhara kumwe chete kana muzvikamu zvemwedzi wega wega.

Ndiani anogona kunyorera: vanokwira kana vanin'ina nherera nevabereki vese vari nhengo yemhuri huru uye vanozadzisa chero chipi chezvinotevera zvinodiwa: kunyoreswa neSocial Security kana mutual inishuwarenzi kambani semushandi anoshanda kana kuzvishandira; kugamuchira mabhenefiti ekurovha (mupiro kana rubatsiro); penjeni Social Security kana Retired Classes; kana kuve nyanzvi yakabatana neimwe mutual fund ine mabhenefiti akaenzana neayo eRETA.

Nzira dzekubhadhara: zvinokwanisika kukumbira iyo mwedzi nemwedzi (€ 100) kana kugashira kubvisirwa mubhadharo kamwe chete pagore. Kumhuri dziri muzvikamu zvakakosha, mari yacho inogona kunge yakakwira zvichienderana nemirairo yazvino.

Zvinocherechedzwa zvakabviswa mudunhu

Asturias

Pane kubviswa kwakananga kune avo vane vana vatatu kana kupfuuraMari yacho iE1.000 yemhuri dzemapoka akajairwa uye €2.000 yemhuri dzakakosha.

• Miganho yekuwana mari: yakakwira mutero base ye35.000 yemunhu mumwe nemumwe kudzoka kana €45.000 yekubatana kudzoka.
• Kugamuchirwa kunofungidzirwa kuti kwakaitika mugore rekunyoresa mu Spanish Civil Registry.
• Kana vanopfuura mutero mumwe vaine kodzero, kubviswa kunenge kuri chikamu muzvikamu zvakaenzana.

Castile neLeón

Mari yese inokwana €600Nevana vana, kuderedzwa kunowedzera kusvika ku € 1.500; neshanu, kusvika ku €2.500; uye kubva pachitanhatu zvichienda mberi, kuderedzwa kunowedzerwa. €1.000 kumuzukuru mutsva wega wega.

• Kana paine mwana akaremara 65% kana kupfuura, inowedzerwa ne600 € (kuremara kwakaziviswa nedare pasina pamutemo kusvika padanho iroro kunobvumirwa).
• Kubviswa kunoshanda zvisinei ne hwaro hwemutero yemubhadhari wemitero.
• Kana vanhu vaviri vaine kodzero, inopatsanurwa zvakaenzana; zvakakosha zita remhuri hombe.

Galicia

Kune vateresi vane zvizvarwa zviviri, kubviswa kuri €250Kutanga nemwana wechitatu, imwezve €250 inowedzerwa pamwana wega wega wekuwedzera.

• Kana muteresi kana mumwe wevazukuru vake akaremara 65% kana kupfuura, mari yacho yakapetwa kaviri.
• Zvinodiwa: iva nekodzero yezvishoma zvevazukuru; sarudza chete kubviswa Kana akati wandei asangana; kupa mutero kana muteresi anopfuura mumwe achinyorera vana vakafanana; uye kuendesa zita racho paunenge uchinyora mutero.

Kubvisirwa hurema mukutarisira

Pane kubviswa mu muripo wekusiyanisa nekuda kwekuva nehama dzakaremara. Mune zviri mukati zvinoita sekunge zvichinzi "anovimba anokwira akaremara", asi mashandisirwo ayo anotsanangurwa kune yega yega. muzukuru nehurema. Mari yakawandisa i1.200 pagore (€ 100 pamwedzi) kumunhu wega wega akaremara 33% kana kupfuura.

• Inodiwa kunyoreswa mukati Kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu kana mutual insurance company; kuwana mibairo yekurovha; vane Social Security kana Retirement pension; kana kuve nyanzvi mune imwe imwe mutual inishuwarenzi kambani ine mabhenefiti akaenzana neRETA.

Kubviswa kwemari yekuzvarwa kana kutorwa kwemwana

Treasury inofunga nezve rubatsiro nenzira yekubvisa kusvika €1.200 pagore (€ 100 / mwedzi) kumwana wega wega anozvarwa kana kurerwa, kunze kwekunge amai vakanyoreswa neSocial Security kana kambani yeinishuwarenzi yekubatana panguva yekuzvarwa; kana kuti akanga achigamuchira rubatsiro rwekushaya basa; kana kuti vakapa angangoita mazuva makumi matatu kuchirongwa chinoenderana mushure mekuzvarwa.

Kubviswa kwemari yekuchengeta vana

Kune vana vari pasi pemakore matatu ezera vakanyoreswa munzvimbo dzinochengeta vana masikati kana nzvimbo dzedzidzo yevacheche, kune imwezve yekuwedzera inosvika €1.000 zvinoenderana nekubviswa kwematernity. Kuwedzera zvose pamwe chete, mari yekuchengetedza inogona kusvika €2.200 pamwana kana zvinodiwa zvikazadzikiswa.

• Zvinodiwa: kuve amai/baba vemwana ari pasi pemakore matatu; kuva nekodzero yoku kubviswa kwehunhu hwepamuviri; kuve anoshanda kana kuzvishandira uye kunyoreswa neSocial Security kana mutual inishuwarenzi kambani; uye mwana mudiki anofanira kunyoreswa munzvimbo ine mvumo.

Kuderedzwa kwemari yekudzidzisa (miganho uye muzana)

Zviri mukati zvinosanganisirawo kubviswa nemiganhu yemari uye zvikamu zvezvinangwa zvekudzidzisa. Inoshanda kune vateresi vane mari yemhuri ishoma pane mhedzisiro yekuwedzera nhamba yenhengo dzemhuri ne€30.000.

• 15% yemitengo yechikoro panguva dzematanho eDzidzo Inomanikidzirwa, kutenderera kwechipiri kweEarly Childhood Dzidzo uye Basic Vocational Training.
• 5% yemitengo yembatya yekushandisa kuchikoro chete mumatanho mamwe chete.
• 10% yemitengo yekudzidzisa mutauro.

Iyo yakanyanya kubviswa pamuzukuru ndeye €400 kazhinji, iyo inogona kusimudzwa kusvika €900 kana mari yechikoro ichitsigirwa, nguva dzose mukati mehurongwa hweMutero Wemari Yemunhu.

Social Security mabhenefiti uye mamwe mabhenefiti eruzhinji

Pamusoro pekubviswa mutero, Social Security uye mamwe manejimendi anoisa pakati mabhenefiti uye discounts iyo inofanirwa kuongororwa kana iwe uri mumhuri yakakura.

Rubatsiro rwekuzvarwa kana kutorwa kwemwana

Iyi imari yekubhadhara imwechete iyo mari inogona kusvika kusvika €1.000, yakarongedzwa nemiganhu yemari uye kusagamuchira kwezvibatsiro zvakafanana mune zvimwe hutongi hweveruzhinjiIzvo zvakakosha kuti ugare zviri pamutemo muSpain.

Benefits yekuzvarwa kwakawanda kana kurerwa

Mukuzvarwa kana kurerwa kwakawanda, mari yakakosha inocherechedzwa kuti inosiyana zvichienderana nehuwandu hwevana uye chiyero chemari, paine huwandu hunoratidza pakati. €4.000 uye €12.000Itsigiro yakakosha kana mapatya, katatu, kana panguva imwe chete yekurera yasvika.

Bhonasi pakubhadhara vachengeti

Paive nebonus ye 45% paSocial Security mipiro yemhuri inohaya vashandi vemumba kana vachengeti. Yakanga ichishanda kusvika Kubvumbi 1, 2023; pakupedzisira, haina kuwedzerwa, saka, kubva nhasi, haishande kune zvibvumirano zvitsva.

Bhonasi yemagetsi emagariro evanhu

Mhuri huru, uye dzimba dzisina mabasa mune dzimwe nguva, dzinogona kusarudza kuderedzwa pabhiri ravo kuburikidza ne vhocha yemagariro evanhu yemagetsi. Kuti unzwisise mhosva, dzidza kuverenga bhiri rako remagetsi. Kubvumira kwayo kunoda kutevedzera zvakatevedzana zvinodiwa (simba, yakadzorwa kushambadzira kambani, zvinyorwa, nezvimwewo).

Kadhi rehutano remunhu wega wega

Nhengo imwe neimwe yemhuri inogona kuva neyayo kadhi rehutano kuwana rubatsiro munyika yose. Maitiro acho anoenderana nenharaunda inozvimiririra yekugara, uye inoshanda muhurongwa hwehutano hweveruzhinji.

Discounts uye mabhenefiti pane zvekufambisa, dzimba, dzidzo, uye zvinhu zvevatengi

Kupfuura iyo Treasury uye Social Security, kune huwandu hwe zvidzikiso nemabhonasi izvo zvinorerutsa mari yemazuva ese pakufamba, zvidzidzo, kumba nekutandara.

Zvifambiso zvevoruzhinji uye kufamba

In intercity public transport, mhuri huru dze chikamu chakazara nakidzwa ne20% discount uye avo ve chikamu chakakosha, ne50%. Maguta mazhinji anoshandisawo zvideredzwa pazvifambiso zvemudhorobha.

• Renfe: : 20% (general) uye 50% (special) discounts paLong Distance, Avant, Medium Distance, Cercanías, Feve and AVE, kunze kwesevhisi yepasi rose yeSpain-France.
• Alsa: 20% yeruzhinji chikamu uye 50% yemitsara yakakosha.
• Ndege: Vueling, Iberia, Ryanair kana Emirates shandisa zvidzikiso zve5% kusvika 10% zvichienderana nechikamu.
• Nharaunda yeMadrid: : 20% (general) uye 50% (special) chokufambisa pass bhonasi.

Dzidzo uye dzidzo

Mhuri huru dzine zvakakosha mumabhezari uye, dzimwe nguva, mari yakanaka zvikumbaridzo. Kumayunivhesiti eruzhinji, avo vari muchikamu chese vanowana 50% kuderedzwa pamubhadharo, uye avo vari muchikamu chakakosha havabhadhare mari yechikoro.

Pamusoro pezvo, mumatanho asiri eyunivhesiti pane zvipo zve zvekushandisa kuchikoro, yokudyira, uye chokufambisa. Kukosheswa kwekuwana kuchengetwa kweveruzhinji masikati uye nzvimbo kunofambisa hupenyu hwebasa kana paine vana vakati wandei kumba.

Mitero yedzimba nekutenga

Mamwe matunhu akazvimirira anopa rubatsiro rwekurenda kana kutenga. Somuenzaniso, muAndalusia kune a kuderedzwa kwe€50 kune yega yega € 10.000 yemukuru pachikwereti chemba, uye, kazhinji, mhuri huru dzinowanzofarira kuderedzwa kana mabhonasi paITP (Property Transfer Tax) paunenge uchitenga imba yakashandiswa, maererano nemirairo yedunhu.

Kuenzana kwebasa nehupenyu

Kuzorora kwevana kunopa nzvimbo yakachengetwa kwegore rokutanga. Mumhuri huru, kuchengetwa kunowedzerwa kusvikira Mwedzi gumi nemashanu kana gumi nemasere, zvichienderana neboka, izvo zvinobatsira kudzikamisa basa nemitoro yemhuri.

Commerce, tsika nekuzorora

Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kune mhando nemaketani ane akanakira mamiriro. Kunyange zvazvo asiri ose ari oga kumhuri huru, mienzaniso inodudzwa nayo kukwidziridzwa uye makuponi yezvaunofarira.

• Ikea: Iyo Ikea Family kadhi inopa zvakasarudzika zvideredzwa uye yakakosha mitengo.
• Hipercor/El Corte Inglés: : makuponi kana zvidzikiso zve € 10 pakunyoresa uye pamwedzi kurodha zvekusimudzira.
• Eroski: 5% kubvisirwa manapukeni uye kupukuta, pamwedzi kuderedzwa mavhocha, uye mari nekadhi reEroski Club.
• Nyeredzi: : 5% yekuwedzera kuderedzwa pakutenga chikafu chakaomeswa nechando mune mamwe mamiriro.
• Gadis: zvidzikiso zvinogona kusvika 10% mune mamwe macampaign.
• Imba yeBhuku: 5% kubva pakutenga online uye kutumira kwemahara kumhuri huru.
• Zvitoro zvembatya: Zvishongo zvakaita seSprinter, H&M, Décimas, Kiabi kana Gocco zvinoshandisa zvidzikiso zvinosvika 10–15%.

Maitiro ekunyorera rubatsiro uye kugamuchira mabhenefiti nekukurumidza (makiyi matanho)

Mazhinji ekubvisa uye mabhenefiti anogovera nzira yakapusa. Kutevera matanho aya kuchawedzera kuchengetedza uye, muzviitiko zvakawanda, unganidza mberi chii chaunofanira kuita.

Danho 1: Zita guru remhuri

Gadzirisa zita munharaunda yako inozvimiririra. Iwe unozoda DNI/NIE, bhuku remhuri, uye zvitupa zve kuverengwa kwevanhu uye, kana zvichibvira, zvinyorwa zvekuremara. Nechitupa chinoshanda, unogona kunyorera kubvisirwa, kuderedzwa, uye mamwe mabhenefiti.

Nhanho 2: Kubviswa Kwemutero Wemari Yemunhu (nekubhadhara kumberi)

Kumbira Treasury kuti itange kubhadhara zvakabviswa se mhuri huru (€ 100 / mwedzi) kana kuremara kunotsamira (€ 100 / mwedzi). Iwe unogona zvakare kusanganisira mumari yaunowana pagore zvakabviswa mudunhu (Asturias, Castilla y León, Galicia) uye iyo ye mari yedzidzo nezvikamu zvavo nemiganhu.

Nhanho 3: Social Security Benefits

Yekubatsirwa kwekuzvarwa/kurerwa (kubhadhara kamwe chete kusvika €1.000) kana kuberekwa/kurerwa kwakawanda (€4.000–€12.000), inounganidza zvinyorwa zvinoratidza mari, kugara zviri pamutemo uye kuumbwa kwemhuri, uye kunyoresa chikumbiro mukati nguva dzekupedzisira yakasimbiswa.

Nhanho 4: Zvideredzwa pakufambisa, dzidzo, uye kushandisa

Zviratidze kune vanoshanda (Renfe, Alsa, consortium yenharaunda yako), mayunivhesiti nemabhizinesi ane zita remhuri hombe kumisa zvidzikiso. Ongorora mamiriro chaiwo: zvikamu, miganhu yezera revana, mazuva ekupera, uye kuenderana.

Danho 5: Kuronga uye Tsigiro

Mamwe mapuratifomu emitero anoita kuti zvive nyore kuona zvakaderedzwa zvinoshanda uye kuverenga huwandu, kudzivirira kukanganwa uye kupindiranaZvakangofanana, maturusi ekuronga zvemari kana inishuwarenzi youpenyu inogona kuwedzera mutsara wemhuri mukurwisana nezviitiko zvisingafanoonekwi, dingindira rinodzokororwa muzviwanikwa zvinokurukurwa.

Kana iwe ukaronga uye ukatora mukana wezvose (mutero wedunhu nedunhu, Social Security mabhenefiti, chekufambisa, dzidzo, dzimba nekutengeserana), mhuri huru inogona kuwana kuchengetedza mari kwakakosha mukati megore thanks to mazano ekuchengetedza mari zuva nezuvaKuve negwaro rinoshanda, kukumbira kufambiswa mberi pese pazvinogoneka, uye kurekodha zvideredzwa pese kwaunotenga kana pakufamba zvinogona kuita mutsauko mubhajeti yako yepamwedzi.