Iyo yepamusoro SFC uye DISM inoraira iyo isina munhu anoshandisa iyo inogona kuchengetedza yakatyoka Windows

Ko Windows PC yako iri kutanga kumhanya zvishoma nezvishoma, uri kuwana zvidzitiro zvebhuruu, kana kuti uri kusangana nezvikanganiso zvinoshamisa panguva yekuvandudzwa? Kwete, harisi rombo rakaipa. Zvingangodaro, pane chimwe chinhu chakaipa. yakashatiswa mafaera ehurongwa, zvikamu zvakaipa padhisiki, kana huori mumufananidzo weWindowsUsati wafomatidza, zvakakodzera kuyedza iyo yepamusoro SFC uye DISM mirairo.

Pakati pezvishandiso izvi, mirairo miviri yekoni inobuda pachena: CFS neDISMIwo anomhanyiswa kubva kumutsara wekuraira (CMD, PowerShell, kana Terminal) ine ropafadzo dzemaneja, ivo havana chimiro chakanaka, asi vane simba rakanyanya. Navo unogona Simbisa uye gadzirisa mafaera ehurongwa, gadzirisa mufananidzo weWindows, uye tsvaga zvikanganiso zvemuviri uye zvine musoro padhisiki. pasina kudzoreredza sisitimu yekushandisa.

Chii chinonzi CFS neDISM uye zvinoshandisirwa chii?

Windows inosanganisira akati wandei akavakirwa-mukati madhiri anonyanya kuitirwa vatariri, asi izvo chero mushandisi anogona kutora mukana nazvo kana vachiziva zvinoita mumwe nemumwe. Iwo matatu akanyanya kukosha muchirevo ichi ndeaya:

• SFC (System File Checker), iyo inoshanda pamafaira akachengetedzwa ehurongwa.
• DISM (Kushandiswa kweMifananidzo uye Kutarisirwa), pamusoro pemufananidzo wakazara weWindows.

Kuziva nguva yekushandisa imwe kana imwe ndiyo kiyi yekudzivirira kutambisa nguva uye, pamusoro pezvose, kudzivirira kufomatidza kusingakoshi. Kunyatsobata mirairo yepamusoro yeSFC uye DISM kunogona kukuponesa kubva kune akawanda akaoma mamiriro.

Chii chinonzi SFC (System File Checker)?

Murairo CFS Iyo system faira yekutarisa inoongorora ese akachengetedzwa Windows mafaera uye oaenzanisa ne kopi yakavharidzirwa inozivikanwa seWindows File Protection (WFP)Kana ikaona kuti faira rachinjwa, harina kukwana, kana kuti risipo, rinoedza kuritsiva neshanduro chaiyo yakachengetwa mucache iyoyo, iri munzira yakachengetedzwa %WinDir%/System32/dllcache.

Pfungwa iri nyore: Kana chero faira rakakosha rikashatiswa, SFC inodhonza kubva pakachena kopi uye yoidzosera.Izvi zvinonyanya kubatsira paunotanga kuwana "faira risingawanikwe" mameseji paunenge uchivhura maturusi eWindows, senge kana File Explorer inodzima kana mashandiro ehurongwa anongoerekana amira kupindura kana zvikanganiso zvidiki zvekugadzikana.

Mushure mekunge SFC / scannow scan yapera, Windows inogona kuratidza akasiyana mameseji anoratidza sisitimu yekutendeseka mamiriro. Zvimwe zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndezvi: "Windows Resource Protection haina kuwana chero kutyorwa kwekuvimbika," "yakawana mafaera ane huori uye yakabudirira kugadzirisa" kana kuti mameseji anoratidza kuti basa racho harina kupedzwa kana kuti mamwe mafaera haagone kugadzirwa. Mumakesi maviri ekupedzisira aya, DISM inopinda mukutamba.

Chii chinonzi DISM (Deployment Image Servicing uye Management)?

DISM Iyo yakanyanya kuwanda kugadzirisa yekushandisa kupfuura SFC. Panzvimbo pekutarisa chete pamafaira akachengetedzwa, inobata ... Ongorora uye gadzirisa iyo yakazara Windows mufananidzoNdiko kuti, chikamu chechitoro uye ese mapakeji anoumba sisitimu. Inoshanda inopesana nekopi yakachena yereferensi yeWindows, inogona kunge iri yemuno kana yepamhepo (Windows Update, network share, DVD/ISO, etc.).

DISM inoshandisa akati wandei makiyi sarudzo kutarisa uye kugadzirisa kukuvara kwemufananidzo: /CheckHealth, /ScanHealth uye /RestoreHealthIdzi sarudzo dzinowanzo itwa nenzira imwechete kana isu tichifungidzira huwori muchitoro chechikamu (CBS) kana SFC painoshuma kuti haigone kugadzirisa mamwe mafaera nekuti cache yayo yakuvadzwa.

Zvinonyanya kubatsira kana zvichionekwa Windows Update zvikanganiso, CBS_E_STORE_CORRUPTION kukanganisa kodhi, matambudziko ekutanga, kuparara nguva zhinji, kutadza kuisa maficha kana zvigamba. kana kuti kana mudziyo uchiita zvinoshamisa pasina chikonzero chakajeka. Muzviitiko izvozvo, DISM inogadzirisa chitoro chinodiwa neSFC kuti chishande nemazvo.

Yepamberi SFC mirairo: paramita uye inoshanda mashandisiro

Kushandiswa chaiko kweCFS kwakakurumbira sfc /scannowNekudaro, chishandiso chinopa akati wandei epamberi ma paramita anobvumidza iwe kunyatso-tune mhando yecheki uye woishandisa kunyangwe Windows ikasatanga zvakajairika. Ese ma modifiers anogona kutariswa nekumhanyisa rairo mune console. sfc?.

Aya ma parameter anobvumira, semuenzaniso, Simbisa usingagadzirise, tarisa mafaera chaiwo, kana shanda nekumisikidza pasina Indaneti.Kuzvibatanidza zvakanaka kunobatsira munzvimbo dzaunoda kuongorora michina isingatange kana kana uchishanda kubva kudzoreredza midhiya.

Zvikamu zvikuru zveCFS:

• /scannowUyu murairo unoongorora mafaera ese akachengetedzwa eWindows uye kugadzirisa chero yaanoona seyakaora, uchishandisa kopi yakavharirwa. Ndiwo murairo wakajairwa kune vakawanda vashandisi.
• /verifyonlyUyu murairo unoita ongororo imwechete se `/ scannow` asi pasina kugadzirisa chero chinhu; inongoshuma chero matambudziko anogona kuitika. Inobatsira kana uchida tarisa chimiro vasati vapindira.
• / scanfile: inokubvumira kuti utaure imwe faira ine nzira yayo yakazara kuitira kuti SFC inogona kutarisa uye kuigadzirisa kana yakakanganiswa.
• /verifyfile: yakafanana ne / scanfile, asi inongotarisa iyo yakatsanangurwa faira, pasina kuedza kuigadzirisa.
• /offbootdir+
• /offwindir: inoratidza nzira inoenda kuWindows folda yekumisikidza isina mhepo.
• /offlogfile: inokubvumira kuti uise imwe faira regi uye Sarudzo gonesa kutema matanda paunenge uchishandisa SFC muoffline mode.

Ese aya magadzirirwo anogona kusanganiswa pamutsetse mumwechete kugadzira mirairo chaiyo, senge ongororo yekumisikidzwa yakabviswa iri pane imwe dhiraivha ine tsika matanda. Mukushandiswa kwezuva nezuva, zvisinei, sfc / scannow inowanzopfuura kukwana kugadzirisa matambudziko madiki ekugadzikana.

Mibairo chaiyo kana uchimhanyisa SFC

Pakupedzisira, SFC inodzorera meseji yemamiriro iyo inofanirwa kududzirwa nemazvo. mameseji emamiriro. Anonyanya kujairika ndeaya:

• "Windows Resource Protection haina kuwana chero kukanganisa kwekuvimbika"Zvinhu zvose zvakarongeka; matambudziko ako anogona kunge asiri nekuda kwemafaira ehurongwa.
• "Windows Resource Dziviriro yakawana mafaera ane huori uye yakabudirira kugadzirisa."Mafaira akaora akaonekwa uye akatsiviwa zvakabudirira. Hapana chimwe chiito chinodiwa, kunyangwe uchikwanisa kutarisa irogi pa %WinDir%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log.
• "Windows Resource Protection yakawana mafaira ane huori uye haina kukwanisa kugadzirisa mamwe acho."Apa ndipo panozoita serious. Zvinoreva kuti cache inoshandiswa neSFC (WFP) inogona kushatiswa. Panguva ino, nzira inokurudzirwa yekuita ndeye Mhanya DISM kugadzirisa mufananidzo weWindows uye wobva watangazve SFC.
• "Windows Resource Protection haina kukwanisa kuita basa rakumbirwa"Kuongorora hakuna kupedzwa. Izvi zvinowanzogadziriswa nekupinda muSafe Mode kana kushandisa SFC kubva kudzoreredza midhiya.

Ndepapi pazvine musoro kushandisa CFS?

Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa SFC (Chronic Fatigue Syndrome) paunotanga kuona kutadza mumabasa ekutanga eWindows, zvirongwa zvehurongwa zvinomira kushanda, kushaya mameseji efaira, kana hunhu hudiki husina kunakaKana iyo sisitimu ichiri bhutsu zvakajairwa asi ichiratidza zvisina kujairika zviratidzo, SFC inhanho yekutanga uye isingakuvadzi. Uyezve, kune zviitiko zvezvirongwa zvinotanga zvoga, zvinokurudzirwa Shandisa Autoruns kubvisa mapurogiramu anotanga otomatiki kana zvichidikanwa.

Iyo zvakare chishandiso chinobatsira kwazvo mushure mekuchenesa hutachiona hwemalware: mavhairasi mazhinji Ivo vanoshandura DLLs system kana kutsiva makiyi ekuitaUye SFC inogona kuona uye kudzoreredza shanduko idzodzo nekudzitsiva neshanduro dzakachena.

DISM: Yepamberi inoraira kugadzirisa iyo Windows mufananidzo

Kana SFC isingachakwane, DISM inopinda mukutamba. Ichi chishandiso chinoshanda chakananga paiyo inoshanda sisitimu mufananidzo uye CBS chikamu chitoro, uko kunochengeterwa mapakeji, kuratidzira, uye metadata iyo Windows inoshandisa kuisa zvigadziriso uye maficha.

MuWindows 8, 8.1, 10 uye 11, DISM ndiyo referensi mudziyo wekugadzirisa huwori hwemukati mehurongwakunyanya kana paine zvikanganiso zveWindows Update, kuwedzera kukundikana kwekuvandudza, kana CBS.log meseji inotaura nezvehuwori inoratidza, kushaikwa kweMUM/CAT mapakeji, kana kuzivikanwa akafometwa zvisizvo.

Key DISM sarudzo dzekugadzirisa:

• /CheckHealthInoita cheki nekukurumidza, ichiona kana paine kukuvara kwakamborekodhwa. Haigadzirise chinhu; inongoratidza kana uori hwemufananidzo hwaonekwa.
• /ScanHealthInoita ongororo yakadzama yemufananidzo weWindows wazvino nekuchienzanisa neshanduro inozivikanwa yakachena, uye inorekodha zvikanganiso zvinogoneka, asi. HaavatsigireZvinotora maminetsi akati wandei, zvichienderana nemamiriro ehurongwa.
• /RestoreHealth: ndiyo yakanyanya simba sarudzo, kubvira anoongorora nekugadzirisa mufananidzoInotsvaga mafaera akashatiswa uye yoatsiva neshanduro dzakanaka kubva kuWindows Update kana kubva kune sosi nzira inotsanangurwa ne /Source.

Odha yakakurudzirwa ndeiyi: chekutanga /CheckHealth, tevere /ScanHealth, uye pakupedzisira /RestoreHealth, inogara yakamirira kuti oparesheni yega yega ipere isati yatanga inotevera. Kusvetuka odha iyi kana kukanganisa maitiro kunogona kusiya sisitimu iri mune yakatoipisisa.

DISM uye Windows Kwidziridzo: zvakajairika kukanganisa makodhi

Matambudziko mazhinji ane Windows Update ane chekuita nehuwori muchitoro chechikamu. Muzviitiko izvi, kukanganisa makodhi akadai seanotevera anowanzoitika: 0x80070002 (faira harina kuwanikwa), 0x800f0831 (CBS_E_STORE_CORRUPTION), 0x800F081F (kwakabva hakuna kuwanikwa), 0x80073712 (chikamu chechitoro chakaora) nevamwe vakafanana navo.

Kana Windows Update ikatadza kuisa zvimwe zvigadziriso uye inopa zvikanganiso izvi, Microsoft inokurudzira Shandisa DISM ne /RestoreHealth Kudzoreredza akakuvadzwa CBS uye WinSxS mafaera, iwo wekutanga murairo ungave:

DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth

Kana Windows Update zvakare isingashande kana iwe usina internet yekuwana, unogona kutsanangura a kumwe kwakabva kubva kwaunotora mafaera ane hutano, semuenzaniso network share kana Windows DVD/ISO:

DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:C:\RepairSource\Windows /LimitAccess

Mune ino kesi, iyo folda inoratidzwa mukati /Kwakabva Inofanira kunge iine mafaira ekuisa kana misoro inodiwa kugadzirisa mufananidzo. The modifier /LimitAccess Inoudza DISM kuti isashandise Windows Kwidziridzo uye kunamatira kune iyo nzira.

Nhungamiro yepamusoro: Gadzirisa kukuvara kweCBS nekuongorora CBS.log

Kune matambudziko akakomba, DISM inogadzira ruzivo rwakadzama mukati %WinDir%\Logs\CBS\CBS.log uye CBS.persist.logIri log rinowanzo pinda senge "CSI Payload Corrupt", "CBS MUM Isipo" kana "CSI Ratidza Huori", zvichiratidza mafaera akakuvadzwa kana mapakeji.

Mafambiro epamberi emakesi aya angangoita seanotevera: kutanga, Vanoziva mafaira ane huori kana mapakeji muCBS.logZvadaro, zvinotaridzirwa kuti ndezvipi update (KB) zvavari kuburikidza nekutarisa nhamba yekuvaka (UBR) inosanganisirwa muchikamu chenzira, izvi zvitsva zvinotsvaga muMicrosoft Update Catalog, yakatorwa, iyo .msu uye .cab mafaira anotorwa, uye mafaira ane hutano anokopwa kune imwe nzvimbo folda yakadai seC: \ temp \ Source.

Tevere, DISM inomhanya zvakare, ichitsanangura iyo folda sesosi:

DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:C:\temp\Source /LimitAccess

Zvadaro zvinokurudzirwa kudzokorora. DISM /Pamhepo /Kuchenesa-Mufananidzo /ScanHealth kuona kuti hapana huwori hunoramba hwakanyorwa uye kuongorora CBS.log zvakare. Iyi mhando yemaitiro yakanyatso kumberi, asi ndiyo inoshandiswa neMicrosoft kugadzirisa kukuvara kwakadzika kweCBS kana sisitimu yaramba kugadzirisa.

DISM mune dzakasiyana shanduro dzeWindows

MuWindows 8, 8.1, 10, uye 11, DISM inouya yakabatanidzwa nezvose zvayo zvemazuva ano, kusanganisira kugadziriswa kwepamhepo kunopesana neWindows Update. Zvisinei, DISM haisi kuwanikwa neaya maitiro mukati Windows 7.Panzvimbo iyoyo, Microsoft inopa iyo System Yekugadziridza Readiness Tool (SURT), iyo inoita basa rakafanana kana ichigadzirisa akakuvadzwa masisitimu mafaera kana SFC yadonha.

Maitiro anokurudzirwa mushanduro iyoyo kutanga kutanga. CFSUye kana izvo zvikasagadzirisa matambudziko, dhawunirodha uye mhanyisa SURT kubva kuMicrosoft Update Catalog, iyo inotsiva yakakuvadzwa kana isingaenderane zvikamu.

Misiyano inoshanda pakati peCFS neDISM

Kunyangwe mirairo miviri ichiitwa kubva kune console, chiyero chakasiyana chehurongwa Uye zvakanaka kuti usavavhiringidza mupfungwa. Kunzwisisa basa ravo nemazvo kunodzivirira kutambisa nguva nekushandisa zvishandiso zvisingagadzirise dambudziko chairo.

Tinogona kupfupisa mabasa avo sezvizvi: Kugadzirisa kweSFC kwakadzivirira mafaera eWindows, nepo DISM ichigadzirisa mufananidzo weWindows uye chikamu chechitoro.Kuzvishandisa nenzira kwayo kunobvumidza iwe kugadzirisa kuwanda kwezvikanganiso pasina kudzoreredza.

• CFSYakanakira zvikanganiso zvidiki kusvika pakati nepakati zvine chekuita nemafaira ehurongwa, Windows mabasa anomira kushanda, kushaikwa kwemafaira mameseji, uye matambudziko mushure mekubviswa kwemalware.
• DISMIzvi zvinoshandiswa kana SFC ichiratidza kuti haigone kugadzirisa zvese kana paine Windows Update zvikanganiso, CBS huwori, matambudziko ekuisa maficha, kana kutadza kwebhutsu. Inoita se "kuvhiyiwa kukuru" paWindows mufananidzo.

Nzira yakajairika yezvinetso zvakakomba mukati Windows 10 uye Windows 11 ndeyekutanga kumhanya DISM /Pamhepo /Kuchenesa-Mufananidzo /Kudzoreredza Hutano, zvino a sfc /scannow uye, kana paine zviratidzo zvekutadza dhisiki, zadzisa ne chkdsk /F /R pachikamu chikuru. Mubatanidzwa uyu unobata dzinenge mativi ese ehuori hunobvira.

Ndepapi pari nani kudzoreredza Windows pane kuramba uchigadzira?

Kunyangwe SFC neDISM ari maturusi ane simba kwazvo, haaite zvishamiso. Pane mamiriro ezvinhu apo, pasinei nokuti unosimbirira zvakadini, matambudziko anodzoka kana kuti haana kunyatsogadziriswa. Mune izvo zviitiko, kuramba uchiyedza zvigadziriso zvakafanana zvinongorebesa zvisingadzivisike, uye chinhu chine musoro kuita ... funga kuisirwazve kwakazara kana system reset.

Mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu akakodzera kumira kurwa uye kutanga kubva pakutanga, semuenzaniso, Zvipembenene zvinoramba zvichionekwa zvakare mushure mekugadzirisa kwega kwega, kunyanya hutachiona hwemalware hwakadzama, zvakanyanya kuita nyaya dzisinganatse.zvakakosha zvigadziriso zvisingagone kuiswa kana shanduko huru yehardware senge mamaboard kana main storage.

• Zvikanganiso zvinodzoka mushure mekushandisa advanced SFC uye DISM mirairo: Kana zvese zvichiratidzika kunge zvakagadziriswa asi zvikanganiso zvimwe chetezvo zvinodzoka mushure memazuva mashoma, panogona kunge paine huwori hwakadzika midzi kana kusawirirana kwesoftware kunonetsa kupatsanura. Muzviitiko izvi, reinstall yakachena inochengetedza nguva.
• High-impact malwareKumwe kutyisidzira kunozvinyudza zvakadzika muhurongwa zvekuti, kunyangwe antivirus software ikavabvisa, vanosiya kukuvara kusingaperi kumasevhisi akakosha, vatyairi, uye zvikamu. Muzviitiko izvi, kungoshandisa SFC kana DISM kunogona kunge kusina kukwana.
• Kunyanya kunonoka uye kudhumhana nguva dzoseKana iyo system ichigara ichimhanya painogumira, inomira kazhinji, uye kugadzirisa hakugadzirise mamiriro ezvinhu, dambudziko ringangove musanganiswa wenyaya dzesoftware, zvisaririra zvechirongwa, vatyairi vekare, uye pamwe matambudziko ehardware. Dzimwe nguva reinstall ndiyo inokurumidza mhinduro.
• Zvigadziriso zvakakosha izvo zvisingambofa zvakaiswaKana kiyi yekuwedzera yekuvandudza ikaramba ichitadza, kunyangwe mushure mekushandisa advanced DISM uye SFC mirairo, inogona kuratidza yakaoma-kudzoreredza kusawirirana. Kuisa kubva kune ichangoburwa ISO kazhinji ndiyo mhinduro chaiyo.
• Kuchinja kukuru kwehardwareMushure mekushandura bhodhi reamai, CPU, kana kushandura kune imwe mhando yekuchengetedza, kudzorera Windows kunovimbisa kuti madhiraivha ese nemasevhisi anochinjirwa kunharaunda itsva.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve advanced SFC uye DISM mirairo

Icho chokwadi chekuti mirairo iyi inoshanda padyo nepakati peiyo system inoita kuti vanhu vazhinji vave nekunetseka kunonzwisisika nezve chengetedzo yavo kana kuti ndiani anofanirwa kuishandisa. Chokwadi ndechekuti, nekutarisira kushoma, ivo vari inogoneka zvakakwana kune chero avhareji mushandisi anotevera mirairo yakajeka.

Chinhu chakakosha kuvamhanyisa neropafadzo dzemaneja, kuremekedza yakakurudzirwa kurongeka (kunyanya muDISM), uye, zvakanyanya kukosha, Usadzima komputa kana kuvhara koni paunenge uchishanda..

• Ko kana mirairo ikasagadzirisa dambudziko? Muchiitiko ichocho, unogona kushandisa vanogadzirisa matambudziko akavakwa muZvirongwa, System Restore, kana, senzira yekupedzisira, kudzoreredza kana kusetazve Windows uchichengeta mafaera ako.
• Dzakachengeteka here kuti dzimhanye? Ehe, chero vaine kodzero dzemaneja uye maitiro haana kukanganiswa. Zvinokurudzirwa kuve neazvino backups.
• Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei? Izvo zvinoenderana nehukuru hwe diski, nhamba yemafaira, uye nhanho yekukuvadza. Zvinogona kutora chero kubva pamaminetsi mashoma kusvika kumaawa akati wandei, kunyanya neDISM / RestoreHealth.
• Vanokwanisa kudzima magwaro angu here? Izvo hazvina kugadzirirwa kubata mafaera ako pachako; chinangwa chavo ndechekugadzirisa system uye disk.

Kunzwisisa kwakanaka kweiyo yepamusoro SFC uye DISM mirairo inokupa iwe yakasimba kwazvo arsenal ye Ongorora uye gadzirisa matambudziko mazhinji eWindows pasina fomatiNekubatanidza iyi mirairo, kududzira mhedzisiro yavo, uye kuziva nguva yekumira nekuisazve, unogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya hupenyu hwekuisa Windows yako uye uzvichengetere dambudziko rakawanda nedata rako uye nguva yako.